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Rosita M, Budiardjo SB, Rizal MF. Photometric analysis of the relationship between craniovertebral angle and facial profile in children aged 10-12 years. Saudi Dent J 2024; 36:277-280. [PMID: 38420002 PMCID: PMC10897618 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2023.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Head posture deviation is seen in 52.5 % of children aged 6-15 years. Studies have shown that poor posture habits can impair muscle function during craniofacial growth and development. A muscle imbalance causes abnormal positioning of dental and skeletal structures, a condition that exerts negative impacts, such as changes in facial morphology. Objective To determine through photometric analysis the relationship between craniovertebral angle as a function of head posture and glabella-subnasale-pogonion (G-Sn-Pg) angle as a function of facial profile in 10-12-year-old children, and the results will help to avoid facial development issues. Methods Thirty-three subjects met the inclusion criteria. Their craniovertebral angles and facial profiles were measured using lateral photometry and ImageJ. The craniovertebral angle was determined by connecting the tragus and C7 with a horizontal line, whereas the facial profile angle was determined by connecting the glabella, subnasale, and pogonion. The relationship between the craniovertebral and G-Sn-Pg angle values was analyzed using the Pearson correlation test. Results A significant relationship was observed between the craniovertebral angle and the G-Sn- Pg angle (p < 0.05), although such a relationship was weak (r = 0.373). Conclusion A more forward head posture is associated with a more convex facial profile, and this relationship is useful for the early prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Rosita
- Pediatric Dentistry Residency Program, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
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V. R, R N, C.V. Senthil Nathan, G. Mohan Kumar. Efficacy of physiotherapy intervention on craniovertebral and craniohorizontal angle using on protractor mobile app and neck muscle strength in chronic nonspecific neck pain. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2022. [DOI: 10.51248/.v42i3.967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction and Aim: The chronic nonspecific neck pain is common in all age groups since it is non-specific it may be due to any reasons right from school children to elderly. Factors like muscle strain, worn joints, nerve compression, poor posture, neck pain are found to reduce the cervical angle. The aim of the study is to find the efficacy of physiotherapy intervention on craniovertebral angle, craniohorizontal angle, neck muscle strength and hand grip in subjects with chronic nonspecific neck pain.
Materials and Methods: The subjects with chronic nonspecific neck pain (n=30) were selected randomly from the physiotherapy outpatient department of ACS medical college and hospital as per inclusion criteria and divided into two groups. The pre-test and post-test measurements of craniovertebral and craniohorizontal angles, craniovertebral angle were measured using on protractor mobile app. The neck muscle strength was measured using modified dial sphygmomanometer and hand grip was measured using hand held dynamometer. Group A received craniocervical flexion exercise and group B received stretching and strengthening for a period of 12 weeks. Post test was conducted after 12 weeks.
Results: The comparison within Group A and Group B pre- and post-test values in both groups showed highly significant difference in mean values at P ? 0.001, but group A which has a higher mean value is more effective in craniovertebral angle, craniohorizontal angle, neck muscle strength (Flexor and Extensor) and hand grip.
Conclusion: The craniocervical flexion exercise given to chronic nonspecific neck pain patients was found to reduce neck pain by improving the neck muscle strength, hand grip strength and by correcting the craniocervical and craniohorizontal angles.
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Daffin L, Stuelcken M, Sayers M. Internal and external sagittal craniovertebral alignment: A comparison between radiological and photogrammetric approaches in asymptomatic participants. Musculoskelet Sci Pract 2019; 43:12-17. [PMID: 31174181 DOI: 10.1016/j.msksp.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photogrammetric measures are a commonly applied, highly reliable tool for appraising craniovertebral postures during clinical assessments, rehabilitation, and research interventions. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare and contrast three external measures of postural alignment (EMPA) using photogrammetric and radiological approaches, and to discuss whether the craniovertebral angle (CVA) reflects the shape of the underlying cervical spine. DESIGN Cross Sectional Correlation Study. METHOD Young adults attended three assessment sessions (S1, S2 and S3). S1 involved a standardised photogrammetric protocol. S2 involved radiographic image acquisition. S3 followed the same protocol in S1 but excluded the self-balancing procedure. Each session's EMPA were compared through either paired or independent samples t-tests. The different radiographic cervical subtypes and their corresponding CVAs were assessed. RESULTS There were no significant differences in any EMPA between the two photogrammetric sessions. The CVA was the only EMPA to show a significant difference between photogrammetric (S3) and radiographic approaches. Cervical subtype variability is present throughout the full CVA range. CONCLUSIONS Despite the statistically significant difference in the CVA between approaches, the mean difference was small and unlikely to be clinically meaningful. Accordingly, the quantification of EMPA can be undertaken with high levels of precision and reliability using standardised photogrammetric procedures. The CVA, however, does not provide an indication of the shape of the underlying cervical spine. The distinct radiological differences in the inter-segmental orientation of each vertebral motion segment in conjunction with the differences in the overall global cervical alignment, both within and between participants, negate this possibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Daffin
- (a)Discipline of Psychology, Counselling, Exercise Science and Chiropractic (PESCC), Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch, 6150, Western Australia, Australia; School of Health and Sport Sciences, USC Sunshine Coast, 90 Sippy Downs Drive, Sippy Downs, 4556, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Max Stuelcken
- School of Health and Sport Sciences, USC Sunshine Coast, 90 Sippy Downs Drive, Sippy Downs, 4556, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Mark Sayers
- School of Health and Sport Sciences, USC Sunshine Coast, 90 Sippy Downs Drive, Sippy Downs, 4556, Queensland, Australia.
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Pedro PS, Blaya F, D'Amato R, Juanes JA, Morales LTG, Montes JAR. Geometric Model for the Postural Characterization in the Sagital Plane of Lumbar Raquis. J Med Syst 2019; 43:130. [PMID: 30927091 DOI: 10.1007/s10916-019-1249-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The individual's posture is the physical expression of his body. It is modified throughout life and it is determined by the particular anatomical characteristics that directly affect the biomechanics of the spine. The typing of the spinal curvature is important for the knowledge of body posture. The possibility of having a method for the systematic postural characterization of the spine is an essential objective resource in order to obtain normal or control patterns of the spinal morphology of the population. A widely accepted methodology of morphological characterization of the spine is a necessary requirement for the establishment of preventive criteria for spinal pathologies based on epidemiological population studies. It also represents a necessary requirement for the classification of individuals, based on the biomechanical, orthopaedic or ergonomic criteria necessary for disciplines such as sports, industrial design or sports performance. The present study proposes the development of a morphological postural model of the spine in the lumbar region. The model is based on a system of measurement of objective and comparable parameters by means of X-ray analysis, in order to characterize its morphology in the sagittal plane. The comparison of the results in a population of 47 individuals allowed the possibility to carry out a statistical study on three morphological parameters: sacral angle (α1); reversal angle (α2) and degree of lordosis (DL). The statistical hypothesis that the results behave according to a normal distribution with p < 0.05 is relevant and allows the systematization and postural modelling of the individual.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Juan A Juanes
- University of Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
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Camargo MZ, Oliveira MRD, Fujisawa DS. Evolution of postural alignment in preschool and school phases: A longitudinal study. MOTRIZ: REVISTA DE EDUCACAO FISICA 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-6574201700si0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Ludwig O, Mazet C, Mazet D, Hammes A, Schmitt E. Age-dependency of posture parameters in children and adolescents. J Phys Ther Sci 2016; 28:1607-10. [PMID: 27313382 PMCID: PMC4905921 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.28.1607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] Poor posture in children and adolescents is a well-known problem. Therefore,
early detection of incorrect posture is important. Photometric posture analysis is a
cost-efficient and easy method, but needs reliable reference values. As children’s posture
changes as they grow, the assessment needs to be age-specific. This study aimed to
investigate the development of both one-dimensional posture parameter (body inclination
angle) and complex parameter (posture index) in different age groups (childhood to
adolescence). [Subjects and Methods] The participants were 372 symptom-free children and
adolescents (140 girls and 232 boys aged 6–17). Images of their habitual posture were
obtained in the sagittal plane. High-contrast marker points and marker spheres were placed
on anatomical landmarks. Based on the marker points, the body inclination angle (INC) and
posture index (PI) were calculated using the Corpus concepts software. [Results] The INC
angle significantly increased with age. The PI did not change significantly among the age
groups. No significant differences between the corresponding age groups were found for PI
and INC for both sexes. [Conclusion] When evaluating posture using the body inclination
angle, the age of the subject needs to be considered. Posture assessment with an
age-independent parameter may be more suitable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Ludwig
- Institute of Sport Sciences, Saarland University, Germany
| | - Carola Mazet
- Institute of Sport Sciences, Saarland University, Germany
| | - Dirk Mazet
- Institute of Sport Sciences, Saarland University, Germany
| | | | - Eduard Schmitt
- Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Klinik für Orthopaedie und Orthop. Chirurgie, Germany
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Valenciano PJ, Itakussu EY, Trelha PhD CS, Fujisawa PhD DS. Quantitative postural analysis and pain in children and adolescents victims of burns. J Phys Ther Sci 2016; 27:3635-40. [PMID: 26834321 PMCID: PMC4713760 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.27.3635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] This study aimed to quantitatively assess postural alignment in both frontal
and sagittal planes, as well as pain in children and adolescents victims of burn injuries.
[Subjects and Methods] This cross-sectional study included 21 victims of burns, nine
children (age [mean ± SD], 7.3 ± 1.1 yrs) and 12 adolescents (12,0 ± 1.4 yrs), classified
as medium and large burns, being investigated on pain and postural alignment evaluated by
photogrammetry. Pain intensity was assessed by face scales and postural examination
included the assessment of global and thoraco-lumbo-pelvic alignment by previously
designed protocols. [Results] Only two adolescents reported mild pain associated with burn
injuries, whereas deviations of the projection of the gravity center; forward head
posture, and scapular asymmetry were observed in both groups. In the analysis of the
thoraco-lumbo-pelvic alignment, children tended to have anterior inclination trunk,
increased thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis, while in adolescents, increased thoracic
kyphosis and lumbar lordosis were observed. [Conclusion] The results indicate that due to
the postural alterations and asymmetries in both frontal and sagittal planes, there is an
increased risk of developing scoliosis and possible future pain. Thus, physiotherapy is
indicated and should be maintained until complete growth is reached.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Janeiro Valenciano
- Master's Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Hospital Universitário, Brazil
| | - Edna Yukimi Itakussu
- Master's Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Hospital Universitário, Brazil
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Hazar Z, Karabicak GO, Tiftikci U. Reliability of photographic posture analysis of adolescents. J Phys Ther Sci 2015; 27:3123-6. [PMID: 26644658 PMCID: PMC4668149 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.27.3123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] Postural problems of adolescents needs to be evaluated accurately because they
may lead to greater problems in the musculoskeletal system as they develop. Although
photographic posture analysis has been frequently used, more simple and accessible methods
are still needed. The purpose of this study was to investigate the inter- and intra-rater
reliability of photographic posture analysis using MB-ruler software. [Subjects and
Methods] Subjects were 30 adolescents (15 girls and 15 boys, mean age: 16.4±0.4 years,
mean height 166.3±6.7 cm, mean weight 63.8±15.1 kg) and photographs of their habitual
standing posture photographs were taken in the sagittal plane. For the evaluation of
postural angles, reflective markers were placed on anatomical landmarks. For angular
measurements, MB-ruler (Markus Bader- MB Software Solutions, triangular screen ruler) was
used. Photographic evaluations were performed by two observers with a repetition after a
week. Test-retest and inter-rater reliability evaluations were calculated using
intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC). [Results] Inter-rater (ICC>0.972) and
test-retest (ICC>0.774) reliability were found to be in the range of acceptable to
excellent. [Conclusion] Reference angles for postural evaluation were found to be reliable
and repeatable. The present method was found to be an easy and non-invasive method and it
may be utilized by researchers who are in search of an alternative method for photographic
postural assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Hazar
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Turkey
| | - Gul Oznur Karabicak
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Baskent University, Turkey
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Jee Y, Kim Y. Factors influencing sexual function of middle-aged married Korean women. J Phys Ther Sci 2015; 27:819-23. [PMID: 25931738 PMCID: PMC4395722 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.27.819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] This study investigated the status of women's sexual function and relevant factors given the fact that women's health is crucial to the national health, and in particular that women's sexual health has a significant impact on their overall health. [Subjects and Methods] This study surveyed 353 women living in South Korea's P and K metropolitan regions from July 2012 to August 10, 2013. The Female Sexual Functional Index (FSFI), the Sexual Attitude Scale (SAS), sexual knowledge and questionnaires were used. [Results] Two groups based on FSFI scores above and below a cutoff value of 25 were compared with each other, and significant differences were found in age, male friends, menstrual status, sex status, and frequency of sex, experience of forced sex, personal health, husband's health and sexual knowledge. Male friends, sex status, experience of forced sex, husband's healths and sexual knowledge explained women's sexual function. [Conclusion] The finding that women's sexual function is associated with multiple factors suggests an intervention program for improving women's sexual function should be developed to reflect the factors influencing the target groups' sexual function.
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Affiliation(s)
- YoungJu Jee
- College of Nursing, Kyungnam University, Republic of Korea
| | - YoungHae Kim
- College of Nursing, Pusan National University, Republic of Korea
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Kim GM, Ha SM. Reliability of the modified Thomas test using a lumbo-plevic stabilization. J Phys Ther Sci 2015; 27:447-9. [PMID: 25729187 PMCID: PMC4339157 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.27.447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to examine the test-retest reliability of the
modified Thomas test using lumbo-pelvic stabilization. [Subjects] Thirteen subjects
(male=10, female=3) with hip flexor tightness voluntarily participated in the study.
[Methods] The participants underwent the modified Thomas test under three conditions: 1)
the general modified Thomas test (GM), 2) active lumbo-pelvic stabilization (ALS), and 3)
passive lumbo-pelvic stabilization (PLS). Intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) were
used to determine the test-retest reliability of the knee joint angle measurement under
three conditions. The standard error of measurement (SEM) and minimal detectable
difference (95% confidence interval) (MDD95) were calculated for each
measurement to assess absolute consistency. [Results] The ALS (ICC = 0.99) and PLS (ICC =
0.98) methods for the modified Thomas test were more reliable than GM method (ICC = 0.97).
The MDD95 score for the ALS method, 2.35 degrees, indicated that a real
difference existed between two testing sessions compared with the scores for the PLS (3.70
degrees) and GM methods (4.17 degrees) [Conclusion] Lumbo-pelvic stabilization is one of
the considerations for precise measurement and may help to minimize measurement error when
evaluating hip flexor tightness using the modified Thomas test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyoung-Mo Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, Division of Health Science, Baekseok University, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Min Ha
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Science, Sangji University, Republic of Korea
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