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White H, Gurney T. Chlorella Supplementation Reduces Blood Lactate Concentration and Increases O 2 Pulse during Submaximal and Maximal Cycling in Young Healthy Adults. Nutrients 2024; 16:697. [PMID: 38474825 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Chlorella supplementation is reported to improve V˙O2max following extended supplementation periods (~3 weeks). However, there is little research on its impact over submaximal exercise intensities and following shorter supplementation regimens. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of 6 g/day 2-day chlorella supplementation on exercise performance in healthy young adults. Twenty young healthy adults (Males = 16, Females = 4) (Age 22 ± 6 years, V˙O2max 42.7 ± 9.6 mL/(kg·min)) were recruited for this double-blinded, randomised cross-over study. Participants ingested 6 g/day of chlorella or a placebo for 2 days, with a one-week washout period between trials. Exercise testing consisted of a 20 min submaximal cycle at 40% of their work rate max (WRmax) (watts), followed by an incremental V˙O2max test. Lactate (mmol/L), heart rate (b/min), oxygen consumption (mL/(kg·min)), O2 pulse (mL/beat), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), and WRmax were compared across conditions. Following chlorella supplementation, blood lactate levels were significantly lower (p < 0.05) during submaximal exercise (3.05 ± 0.92 mmol/L vs. 2.67 ± 0.79 mmol/L) and following V˙O2max tests (12.79 ± 2.61 mmol/L vs. 11.56 ± 3.43 mmol/L). The O2 pulse was significantly higher (p < 0.05) following chlorella supplementation during submaximal (12.6 ± 3.5 mL/beat vs. 13.1 ± 3.5 mL/beat) and maximal exercise intensity (16.7 ± 4.6 mL/beat vs. 17.2 ± 4.5 mL/beat). No differences existed between conditions for oxygen consumption, RER, V˙O2max, or WRmax. A total of 2 days of 6 g/day chlorella supplementation appears to lower the blood lactate response and increase O2 pulse during both submaximal and maximal intensity exercise but did not lead to any improvements in V˙O2max.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry White
- Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London W1T 7HA, UK
| | - Tom Gurney
- Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London W1T 7HA, UK
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James C, Rees J, Chong H, Taylor L, Beaven CM, Henderson M, Baker JS. Blood Lactate Responses of Male and Female Players Across an International Rugby Sevens Tournament. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2023; 18:927-936. [PMID: 37597843 DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2023-0167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated within- and between-matches blood lactate (La-) responses across an international Rugby Sevens tournament (5 matches over 2 d) in male and female players. METHODS Earlobe blood samples were taken from 25 professional players around matches: before warm-up (PRE), immediately upon finishing match participation (POST), and 30 minutes postmatch (30 min). RESULTS POST [La-] (mean [SD], range) for males was 10.3 (3.2; 2.9-20.2) mmol·L-1 and for females was 9.1 (2.3; 3.4-14.6) mmol·L-1. Linear mixed-effects models revealed a decrease in POST [La-] after match 5, compared to match 1. Increased PRE [La-] was found before match 2 (+0.8 [0.6-1.1] mmol·L-1), match 3 (+0.8 [0.5-1.1] mmol·L-1), and match 5 (+0.6 [0.4-0.9] mmol·L-1) compared to match 1 (all P < .001). The [La-] remained elevated at 30 min, compared to PRE (+1.7 [1.4-2.0] mmol·L-1, P < .001), with ∼20% of values persisting >4 mmol·L-1. Higher POST was observed in males compared to females (+1.6 [0.1-3.2] mmol·L-1, P = .042); however, no differences between sexes were found across 30 min or PRE [La-]. No [La-] differences between positions (backs and forwards) were identified. CONCLUSIONS Lactate concentrations above 10 mmol·L-1 are required to effectively simulate the anaerobic demands of international Rugby Sevens matches. Practitioners are advised to individualize anaerobic training prescription due to the substantial variability observed within positional groups. Additionally, improving athletes' metabolic recovery capacity through training, nutrition, and recovery interventions may enhance physical preparation for subsequent matches within a day, where incomplete lactate clearance was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl James
- Hong Kong Sports Institute (HKSI), Hong Kong,Hong Kong
| | - James Rees
- Hong Kong Rugby Union (HKRU), Hong Kong,China
| | - Henry Chong
- Hong Kong Sports Institute (HKSI), Hong Kong,Hong Kong
| | - Lee Taylor
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine (NCSEM), Loughborough,United Kingdom
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Broadway, NSW,Australia
| | | | - Mitch Henderson
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Broadway, NSW,Australia
- Human Performance Research Centre, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Broadway, NSW,Australia
| | - Julien S Baker
- Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Hong Kong,China
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Post-Exertion Rate of Reperfusion vs Point-by-Point analysis of skeletal tissue near-infrared spectroscopy during repeated fatigue recovery under normoxia and hypoxemia. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2023; 308:103985. [PMID: 36368618 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2022.103985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) analysis techniques can often be complex to perform and interpret resulting in a barrier for wide-spread clinical use. The traditional Point-by-Point analysis methodology and our Post-Exertion Rate of Reperfusion method were examined during the recovery phases following repeated bouts of physical exertion to determine the physiological processes and information captured by each methodology under normal exertion conditions (FiO2: 0.210) and when in hypoxic conditions (FiO2: 0.129). METHODS To achieve this, a total of n = 15 participants performed 3 sets of leg extensions to failure at 70 % their maximal effort. A 1-min rest was performed following each set where the Point-by-Point analysis means were calculated at every 6-s time to recovery for a total of 10 mean values. The Post-Exertion Rate of Reperfusion examined the linear slopes for the entire 60-s. The near-infrared spectroscopy device was placed over the vastus lateralis and measure for muscle tissue oxygen saturation, oxygenated hemoglobin, deoxygenated hemoglobin, and total hemoglobin were obtained for both the Point-by-Point and Post-Exertion Rate of Reperfusion analysis. RESULTS Post-Exertion Rate of Reperfusion slopes were significantly different between normoxia and hypoxia for muscle tissue oxygen saturation (Normoxia: 0.151-0.171; Hypoxia: 0.068-0.116), oxygenated hemoglobin (Normoxia: 0.127 - 0.134; Hypoxia: 0.045 - 0.076), deoxygenated hemoglobin (Normoxia: -0.142 to -0.152; Hypoxia: -0.054 to -0.100), and total hemoglobin (Normoxia: -0.011 to 0.0250; Hypoxia: -0.009 to 0.024). Point-by-Point analysis identified significant differences between muscle tissue oxygen saturation and oxygenated hemoglobin, but not deoxygenated hemoglobin and total hemoglobin. CONCLUSION Point-by-Point analysis and Post-Exertion Rate of Reperfusion can each provide distinctly unique information during exertional recovery. Point-by-Point analysis was ideal for detecting the onset of change in muscle oxygen status. Post-Exertion Rate of Reperfusion identified overall rates of change and was shown to be more sensitive at identifying changes in overall recovery of skeletal tissue reperfusion rates. Point-by-Point analysis and Post-Exertion Rate of Reperfusions may be utilized individually or separately to improve the interpretability of skeletal NIRS metrics within research or clinical settings.
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A New Approach to Noninvasive-Prolonged Fatigue Identification Based on Surface EMG Time-Frequency and Wavelet Features. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2023; 2023:1951165. [PMID: 36756137 PMCID: PMC9902121 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1951165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In sports, fatigue management is vital as adequate rest builds strength and enhances performance, whereas inadequate rest exposes the body to prolonged fatigue (PF) or also known as overtraining. This paper presents PF identification and classification based on surface electromyography (EMG) signals. An experiment was performed on twenty participants to investigate the behaviour of surface EMG during the inception of PF. PF symptoms were induced in accord with a five-day Bruce Protocol treadmill test on four lower extremity muscles: the biceps femoris (BF), rectus femoris (RF), vastus medialis (VM), and vastus lateralis (VL). The results demonstrate that the experiment successfully induces soreness, unexplained lethargy, and performance decrement and also indicate that the progression of PF can be observed based on changes in frequency features (ΔF med and ΔF mean) and time features (ΔRMS and ΔMAV) of surface EMG. This study also demonstrates the ability of wavelet index features in PF identification. Using a naïve Bayes (NB) classifier exhibits the highest accuracy based on time and frequency features with 98% in distinguishing PF on RF, 94% on BF, 9% on VL, and 97% on VM. Thus, this study has positively indicated that surface EMG can be used in identifying the inception of PF. The implication of the findings is significant in sports to prevent a greater risk of PF.
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Kim HY, Lee JD, Lee YH, Seo SW, Lee HS, Kim S, Kim KB. Urinary Metabolomics in Young Soccer Players after Winter Training Season. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12121283. [PMID: 36557321 PMCID: PMC9784126 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12121283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
During the off-season, soccer players in Korea attend the winter training season (WTS) to build running stamina for the next season. For young soccer players, proper recovery time is needed to prevent injury or muscle damage. In this study, urinary metabolites in young players after 1, 5, and 10 days of the WTS were analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) combined with multivariate analysis to suggest appropriate recovery times for improving their soccer skills. After NMR analysis of the urine samples obtained from young players, 79 metabolites were identified, and each group (1, 5, or 10 days after WTS) was separated from the before the WTS group in the target profiling analysis using partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). Of these, 15 metabolites, including 1-methylnicotinamide, 3-indoxylsulfate, galactarate, glutamate, glycerol, histamine, methylmalonate, maltose, N-phenylacetylglycine, trimethylamine, urea, 2-hydroxybutyrate, adenine, alanine, and lactate, were significantly different than those from before the WTS and were mainly involved in the urea, purine nucleotide, and glucose-alanine cycles. In this study, most selected metabolites increased 1 day after the WTS and then returned to normal levels. However, 4 metabolites, adenine, 2-hydroxybutyrate, alanine, and lactate, increased during the 5 days of recovery time following the WTS. Based on excess ammonia, adenine, and lactate levels in the urine, at least 5 days of recovery time can be considered appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyang-Yeon Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Center for Human Risk Assessment, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Dae Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Center for Human Risk Assessment, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Hwan Lee
- Department of Exercise and Medical Science, Graduate School, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Won Seo
- Department of Sports Science, Gwangju University, Gwangju 61743, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Seong Lee
- Department of Exercise and Medical Science, Graduate School, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (H.-S.L.); (K.-B.K.)
| | - Suhkmann Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan Daehak-ro 63 beon-gil 2, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Bong Kim
- Center for Human Risk Assessment, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (H.-S.L.); (K.-B.K.)
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Nguyen HTT, Radwanska M, Magez S. Tipping the balance between erythroid cell differentiation and induction of anemia in response to the inflammatory pathology associated with chronic trypanosome infections. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1051647. [PMID: 36420267 PMCID: PMC9676970 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1051647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection caused by extracellular single-celled trypanosomes triggers a lethal chronic wasting disease in livestock and game animals. Through screening of 10 Trypanosoma evansi field isolates, exhibiting different levels of virulence in mice, the current study identifies an experimental disease model in which infection can last well over 100 days, mimicking the major features of chronic animal trypanosomosis. In this model, despite the well-controlled parasitemia, infection is hallmarked by severe trypanosomosis-associated pathology. An in-depth scRNA-seq analysis of the latter revealed the complexity of the spleen macrophage activation status, highlighting the crucial role of tissue resident macrophages (TRMs) in regulating splenic extramedullary erythropoiesis. These new data show that in the field of experimental trypanosomosis, macrophage activation profiles have so far been oversimplified into a bi-polar paradigm (M1 vs M2). Interestingly, TRMs exert a double-sided effect on erythroid cells. On one hand, these cells express an erythrophagocytosis associated signature. On another hand, TRMs show high levels of Vcam1 expression, known to support their interaction with hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). During chronic infection, the latter exhibit upregulated expression of Klf1, E2f8, and Gfi1b genes, involved in erythroid differentiation and extramedullary erythropoiesis. This process gives rise to differentiation of stem cells to BFU-e/CFU-e, Pro E, and Baso E subpopulations. However, infection truncates progressing differentiation at the orthochromatic erythrocytes level, as demonstrated by scRNAseq and flow cytometry. As such, these cells are unable to pass to the reticulocyte stage, resulting in reduced number of mature circulating RBCs and the occurrence of chronic anemia. The physiological consequence of these events is the prolonged poor delivery of oxygen to various tissues, triggering lactic acid acidosis and the catabolic breakdown of muscle tissue, reminiscent of the wasting syndrome that is characteristic for the lethal stage of animal trypanosomosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Thi Thu Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, South Korea
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Magdalena Radwanska
- Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stefan Magez
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, South Korea
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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Moss DY, McCann C, Kerr EM. Rerouting the drug response: Overcoming metabolic adaptation in KRAS-mutant cancers. Sci Signal 2022; 15:eabj3490. [PMID: 36256706 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abj3490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in guanosine triphosphatase KRAS are common in lung, colorectal, and pancreatic cancers. The constitutive activity of mutant KRAS and its downstream signaling pathways induces metabolic rewiring in tumor cells that can promote resistance to existing therapeutics. In this review, we discuss the metabolic pathways that are altered in response to treatment and those that can, in turn, alter treatment efficacy, as well as the role of metabolism in the tumor microenvironment (TME) in dictating the therapeutic response in KRAS-driven cancers. We highlight metabolic targets that may provide clinical opportunities to overcome therapeutic resistance and improve survival in patients with these aggressive cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Y Moss
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7AE Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Christopher McCann
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7AE Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Emma M Kerr
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7AE Northern Ireland, UK
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Abdurrahmat AS, Gustaman RA, Faturahman Y. Working Station Model Based on Mathematic Model of Anthropometry for Embroidery Workers. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.9638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Often, the embroidery craftsmen do their work by ignoring the unbalance of their anthropometric size with the size of the tables and chairs used. This condition causes not ergonomic sitting position when they are working that will trigger variety of subjective complaints of craftsmen, especially in muscles and joints.
AIM: Conducted development research using 4D model (devine, design, develop, and disseminate) based on anthropometry size to build chair and table as more ergonomic work station for embroidery craftsmen.
METHODS: The first three stages are done by analyzing the compatibility of anthropometry of the body with the size of work station used by mathematical approach and laboratory scale test. The acceptance level of craftsmen on the prototype of work station model measures by technology accepted model that conducted on a public scale.
RESULTS: The result of this research is the establishment of more ergonomic prototype of work station model for embroidery craftsmen and based on the result of public scale examination of 180 embroidered craftsmen showed that 63% of respondents stated less subjective complaints of muscle and joint disorders at the shoulders, 71% subjective complaints of muscle and joint disorders in the upper arm, and respondents stated reduced subjective complaints of muscle and joint disorders in the 56% after using a new work station model.
CONCLUSION: However, it is still necessary to make improvements to the prototype of the work station model to be more ergonomic and to suppress the emergence of subjective complaints of muscle disorders and joints of embroidery craftsmen.
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Rahayu S, Ali MA, Nugroho DPA, Anggita GM, Kurniawati DM, Noer ER, Fibriana F, Salazar SF, Mohamed AMD. Blood Lactate Decreased by Foam Rolling Post-Quarter Marathon. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.8865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: New training methods, increased volume, the prolonged duration could induce the delayed onset of muscle soreness (DOMS), and it is associated with blood lactate (BL). Foam roller (FR) is known as a tool for active recovery.
AIM: The study’s purposes are to assess the effect of the Quarter Marathon (QM) and Foam Roller (FR) on blood lactate (BL).
METHODS: This is a pilot study with a quasi-repeated-measures design. Ten trained young males were voluntarily signed up using the purposive sampling technique. The Accutrend-Plus by Roche was used to measure BL. Blood lactate was measured 6 times. Combination FR protocols from the Master of Muscle and Casall were used. Repeated-measures ANOVA test was used to analyze the changes in BL.
RESULTS: Blood lactate significantly increased 4.90 ± 3.0 (mmol/L) post-QM as p < 0.05, pre-test 2.23 ± 0.8 (mmol/L) compared to post-running 7.1 ± 2.6 (mmol/L). It was decreased after foam rolling activity 4.33 ± 0.7 (mmol/L), and 3.06 ± 0.5 (mmol/L) at 120 min post-running, then returned to normal after 24 h post-QM 2.44 ± 0.5 (mmol/L).
CONCLUSION: Foam rolling potentially decreased BL after QM.
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Simha V, Lanza IR, Dasari S, Klaus KA, Le Brasseur N, Vuckovic I, Laurenti MC, Cobelli C, Port JD, Nair KS. Impaired Muscle Mitochondrial Function in Familial Partial Lipodystrophy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:346-362. [PMID: 34614176 PMCID: PMC8764358 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Familial partial lipodystrophy (FPL), Dunnigan variety is characterized by skeletal muscle hypertrophy and insulin resistance besides fat loss from the extremities. The cause for the muscle hypertrophy and its functional consequences is not known. OBJECTIVE To compare muscle strength and endurance, besides muscle protein synthesis rate between subjects with FPL and matched controls (n = 6 in each group). In addition, we studied skeletal muscle mitochondrial function and gene expression pattern to help understand the mechanisms for the observed differences. METHODS Body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, insulin sensitivity by minimal modelling, assessment of peak muscle strength and fatigue, skeletal muscle biopsy and calculation of muscle protein synthesis rate, mitochondrial respirometry, skeletal muscle transcriptome, proteome, and gene set enrichment analysis. RESULTS Despite increased muscularity, FPL subjects did not demonstrate increased muscle strength but had earlier fatigue on chest press exercise. Decreased mitochondrial state 3 respiration in the presence of fatty acid substrate was noted, concurrent to elevated muscle lactate and decreased long-chain acylcarnitine. Based on gene transcriptome, there was significant downregulation of many critical metabolic pathways involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and function. Moreover, the overall pattern of gene expression was indicative of accelerated aging in FPL subjects. A lower muscle protein synthesis and downregulation of gene transcripts involved in muscle protein catabolism was observed. CONCLUSION Increased muscularity in FPL is not due to increased muscle protein synthesis and is likely due to reduced muscle protein degradation. Impaired mitochondrial function and altered gene expression likely explain the metabolic abnormalities and skeletal muscle dysfunction in FPL subjects.
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MESH Headings
- Absorptiometry, Photon
- Adult
- Aged
- Female
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Humans
- Lipodystrophy, Familial Partial/genetics
- Lipodystrophy, Familial Partial/metabolism
- Lipodystrophy, Familial Partial/pathology
- Lipodystrophy, Familial Partial/physiopathology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Mitochondria, Muscle/metabolism
- Mitochondria, Muscle/pathology
- Muscle Strength/physiology
- Muscle, Skeletal/cytology
- Muscle, Skeletal/pathology
- Muscle, Skeletal/physiopathology
- Physical Endurance/physiology
- Proteolysis
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinaya Simha
- Divisions of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Ian R Lanza
- Divisions of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Surendra Dasari
- Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | - Nathan Le Brasseur
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Ivan Vuckovic
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | | | - John D Port
- Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Sometti D, Semeia L, Baek S, Chen H, Righetti G, Dax J, Kronlage C, Kirchgässner M, Romano A, Heilos J, Staber D, Oppold J, Middelmann T, Braun C, Broser P, Marquetand J. Muscle Fatigue Revisited – Insights From Optically Pumped Magnetometers. Front Physiol 2021; 12:724755. [PMID: 34975515 PMCID: PMC8718712 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.724755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
So far, surface electromyography (sEMG) has been the method of choice to detect and evaluate muscle fatigue. However, recent advancements in non-cryogenic quantum sensors, such as optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs), enable interesting possibilities to flexibly record biomagnetic signals. Yet, a magnetomyographic investigation of muscular fatigue is still missing. Here, we simultaneously used sEMG (4 surface electrode) and OPM-based magnetomyography (OPM-MMG, 4 sensors) to detect muscle fatigue during a 3 × 1-min isometric contractions of the left rectus femoris muscle in 7 healthy participants. Both signals exhibited the characteristic spectral compression distinctive for muscle fatigue. OPM-MMG and sEMG slope values, used to quantify the spectral compression of the signals, were positively correlated, displaying similarity between the techniques. Additionally, the analysis of the different components of the magnetic field vector enabled speculations regarding the propagation of the muscle action potentials (MAPs). Altogether these results show the feasibility of the magnetomyographic approach with OPMs and propose a potential alternative to sEMG for the study of muscle fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Sometti
- Department of Neural Dynamics and Magnetoencephalography, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- MEG-Center, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Graduate Training Centre of Neuroscience, International Max Planck Research School, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Center for Pediatric Clinical Studies, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lorenzo Semeia
- Graduate Training Centre of Neuroscience, International Max Planck Research School, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), IDM/fMEG Center of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sangyeob Baek
- Department of Neural Dynamics and Magnetoencephalography, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- MEG-Center, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Neural Dynamics and Magnetoencephalography, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- MEG-Center, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Giulia Righetti
- Department of Neural Dynamics and Magnetoencephalography, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- MEG-Center, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Graduate Training Centre of Neuroscience, International Max Planck Research School, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Center for Ophthalmology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Juergen Dax
- Department of Neural Dynamics and Magnetoencephalography, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- MEG-Center, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Cornelius Kronlage
- Department of Epileptology, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Milena Kirchgässner
- Department of Epileptology, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alyssa Romano
- Department of Epileptology, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Johanna Heilos
- Department of Epileptology, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Deborah Staber
- Department of Epileptology, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Julia Oppold
- Department of Epileptology, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Middelmann
- Department of Biosignals, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Braun
- Department of Neural Dynamics and Magnetoencephalography, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- MEG-Center, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences (CIMeC), University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science (DiPsCo), University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Philip Broser
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Switzerland, Sankt Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Justus Marquetand
- Department of Neural Dynamics and Magnetoencephalography, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- MEG-Center, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Epileptology, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Justus Marquetand,
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12
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Kan J, Cheng J, Hu C, Chen L, Liu S, Venzon D, Murray M, Li S, Du J. A Botanical Product Containing Cistanche and Ginkgo Extracts Potentially Improves Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Symptoms in Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, and Placebo-Controlled Study. Front Nutr 2021; 8:658630. [PMID: 34901100 PMCID: PMC8662561 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.658630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary therapy may be beneficial in alleviating symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), a disorder that is characterized by extreme fatigue and other symptoms, but the cause of which remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of a botanical product containing cistanche (Cistanche tubulosa [Schenk] Wight) and ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba L.) extracts on adults with CFS in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. A total of 190 subjects (35-60 years old, non-obese) with CFS were randomized to receive one tablet of a low dose (120-mg ginkgo and 300-mg cistanche), a high dose (180-mg ginkgo and 450-mg cistanche) or a placebo once daily for 60 days. Blood samples and responses on the Chalder fatigue scale (CFQ 11), the World Health Organization's quality of life questionnaire (WHOQOL), and the sexual life quality questionnaire (SLQQ) were collected at baseline and post-intervention. CFS symptoms of impaired memory or concentration, physical fatigue, unrefreshing sleep, and post-exertional malaise were significantly improved (p < 0.001) in both of the treatment groups. The botanical intervention significantly decreased physical and mental fatigue scores of CFQ 11 and improved WHOQOL and SLQQ scores of the subjects (p < 0.01). Levels of blood ammonia and lactic acid in the treatment groups were significantly lower than those of the placebo group (low-dose: p < 0.05; high-dose: p < 0.01). In addition, the change in lactic acid concentration was negatively associated with the severity of CFS symptoms (p = 0.0108) and was correlated with the change in total physical fatigue score of the CFQ (p = 0.0302). Considering the trivial effect size, the results may lack clinical significance. In conclusion, this botanical product showed promising effects in ameliorating the symptoms of CFS. Clinical trials with improved assessment tools, an expanded sample size, and an extended follow-up period are warranted to further validate the findings. Clinical Trial Registration: https://clinicaltrials.gov/, identifier: NCT02807649.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juntao Kan
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Junrui Cheng
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Shanghai, China
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - Chun Hu
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Buena Park, CA, United States
| | - Liang Chen
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Siyu Liu
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Dawna Venzon
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Buena Park, CA, United States
| | - Mary Murray
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Buena Park, CA, United States
| | - Shuguang Li
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Du
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Shanghai, China
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13
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Kodithuwakku Arachchige SNK, Burch V RF, Chander H, Turner AJ, Knight AC. The use of wearable devices in cognitive fatigue: current trends and future intentions. THEORETICAL ISSUES IN ERGONOMICS SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1463922x.2021.1965670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Reuben F. Burch V
- Industrial & Systems Engineering, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, USA
- Human Factors & Athlete Engineering, Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, USA
| | - Harish Chander
- Neuromechanics Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, USA
- Human Factors & Athlete Engineering, Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, USA
| | - Alana J. Turner
- Neuromechanics Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, USA
| | - Adam C. Knight
- Neuromechanics Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, USA
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14
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Nocetti PM, Alberti A, Freiberger V, Ventura L, Grigollo LR, Andreau CS, Júnior RJN, Martins DF, Comim CM. Swimming Improves Memory and Antioxidant Defense in an Animal Model of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:5067-5077. [PMID: 34245442 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02482-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a genetic disease associated with progressive skeletal muscle degeneration. In humans, DMD has an early onset, causes developmental delays, and is a devastating disease that drastically diminishes the quality of life of young individuals affected. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a swimming protocol on memory and oxidative stress in an animal model of DMD. Male mdx and wild-type mice aged ≥ 28 days were used in this study. The animals were trained for a stepped swimming protocol for four consecutive weeks. The swimming protocol significantly reduced the levels of lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation in the gastrocnemius, hippocampus, and striatum in the exercised animals. It also prevented lipid peroxidation in the diaphragm. Moreover, it increased the free thiol levels in the gastrocnemius, the diaphragm, and all central nervous system structures. The results showed that the protocol that applied swimming as a low-intensity aerobic exercise for 4 weeks prevented aversive memory and habituation in mdx mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Mantovani Nocetti
- Research Group on Neurodevelopment of Childhood and Adolescence, Laboratory of Experimental Neuroscience, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Cidade Universitária Pedra Branca, 88137-272, Palhoça, SC, Brazil
| | - Adriano Alberti
- Research Group on Neurodevelopment of Childhood and Adolescence, Laboratory of Experimental Neuroscience, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Cidade Universitária Pedra Branca, 88137-272, Palhoça, SC, Brazil.
| | - Viviane Freiberger
- Research Group on Neurodevelopment of Childhood and Adolescence, Laboratory of Experimental Neuroscience, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Cidade Universitária Pedra Branca, 88137-272, Palhoça, SC, Brazil
| | - Letícia Ventura
- Research Group on Neurodevelopment of Childhood and Adolescence, Laboratory of Experimental Neuroscience, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Cidade Universitária Pedra Branca, 88137-272, Palhoça, SC, Brazil
| | - Leoberto Ricardo Grigollo
- Research Group on Neurodevelopment of Childhood and Adolescence, Laboratory of Experimental Neuroscience, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Cidade Universitária Pedra Branca, 88137-272, Palhoça, SC, Brazil
| | - Cristina Salar Andreau
- CEU Cardenal Herrera University, Carrer Lluís Vives, 1, 46115, Valencia, Alfara del Patriarca, Spain
| | - Rudy José Nodari Júnior
- Department of Physical Education, University of West Santa Catarina, Área das Ciências Biológicas E da Saúde, Rua José Firmo Bernardi, 1591, Bairro Flor da Serra, Joaçaba, Santa Catarina, 89600-000, Brazil
| | - Daniel Fernandes Martins
- Research Group on Neurodevelopment of Childhood and Adolescence, Laboratory of Experimental Neuroscience, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Cidade Universitária Pedra Branca, 88137-272, Palhoça, SC, Brazil
| | - Clarissa M Comim
- Research Group on Neurodevelopment of Childhood and Adolescence, Laboratory of Experimental Neuroscience, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Cidade Universitária Pedra Branca, 88137-272, Palhoça, SC, Brazil
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15
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Vilarinho R, Mendes AR, Gomes M, Ferreira R, Costa F, Machado M, Neves M, Caneiras C, Montes AM. Adapted Chester Step Test Can Have Maximal Response Characteristics for the Assessment of Exercise Capacity in Young Women. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9030308. [PMID: 33802097 PMCID: PMC8000948 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9030308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chester step test (CST) estimates the exercise capacity through a submaximal response, which can limit its application in the prescription of exercise. This study aimed to assess whether an adaptation of the CST (with a progressive profile) can have maximal response characteristics in young women and compare it to the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT). Another aim was to determine its within-day test–retest reliability. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 25 women (20.3 ± 1.5 years) who performed the field tests twice on two different days (48 h apart). The maximal effort attainment was assessed by the heart rate (HR), perception of exertion (Borg scale), and blood lactate concentration. For the performance variables, Pearson’s correlation and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC2,1) were used. In the best test, mean values of maximal response were observed in the adapted CST (94.0 ± 6.5% of age-predicted HRmax, 11.3 ± 4.5 mmol/dl of blood lactate, and 18.4 ± 1.5 of Borg rating). The correlations between the adapted CST and the ISWT were weak to moderate (0.38 ≤ r ≤ 0.55; p < 0.05). Fair to good reliability was found for the adapted CST (ICC2,1 = 0.48–0.61). The adapted CST showed mean values of maximal response, weak to moderate association with the ISWT, and low within-day test–retest reliability in young women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Vilarinho
- Center for Rehabilitation Research (CIR), Department of Physiotherapy, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, School of Health, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal;
- Healthcare Department, Nippon Gases Portugal, 2600-242 Lisbon, Portugal;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-222-061-000
| | - Ana Rita Mendes
- Private Practice, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, School of Health, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (A.R.M.); (M.G.); (R.F.); (F.C.); (M.M.); (M.N.)
| | - Mariana Gomes
- Private Practice, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, School of Health, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (A.R.M.); (M.G.); (R.F.); (F.C.); (M.M.); (M.N.)
| | - Rui Ferreira
- Private Practice, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, School of Health, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (A.R.M.); (M.G.); (R.F.); (F.C.); (M.M.); (M.N.)
| | - Fabíola Costa
- Private Practice, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, School of Health, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (A.R.M.); (M.G.); (R.F.); (F.C.); (M.M.); (M.N.)
| | - Marcela Machado
- Private Practice, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, School of Health, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (A.R.M.); (M.G.); (R.F.); (F.C.); (M.M.); (M.N.)
| | - Márcia Neves
- Private Practice, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, School of Health, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (A.R.M.); (M.G.); (R.F.); (F.C.); (M.M.); (M.N.)
| | - Cátia Caneiras
- Healthcare Department, Nippon Gases Portugal, 2600-242 Lisbon, Portugal;
- Microbiology Research Laboratory on Environmental Health (EnviHealthMicroLab), Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Environmental Health (ISAMB), University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - António Mesquita Montes
- Center for Rehabilitation Research (CIR), Department of Physiotherapy, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, School of Health, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal;
- Department of Physiotherapy, Santa Maria Health School, 4049-024 Porto, Portugal
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16
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Andrade VL, Kalva-Filho CA, Ribeiro NX, Gobbi RB, de Arruda TB, Papoti M. Determination of Maximum Accumulated Oxygen Deficit Using Backward Extrapolation. Int J Sports Med 2020; 42:161-168. [PMID: 32920805 DOI: 10.1055/a-1082-1372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the Maximum Accumulated Oxygen Deficit determined by the conventional method (MAODC) with that determined by the backward extrapolation technique (MAODEXTR) in runners. Fourteen runners underwent a maximal incremental test for determination of iVO2MAX, ten submaximal efforts (50-95% of iVO2MAX for 7 min). During the submaximal efforts oxygen consumption (VO2) values were obtained conventionally and through the backward extrapolation technique (~ 3 s after the end of each effort). A supramaximal effort (110% of iVO2MAX) (tLimC) and five supramaximal bouts (tLimEXTR) were performed. MAODC and MAODEXTR were determined from the difference between the VO2 accumulated during tLimC and tLimEXTR and the predicted values. The tLimC was lower than tLimEXTR (164.06±36.32 s, 200.23±63.78 s, p<0.05). No significant differences were found between absolute and relative MAODC and MAODEXTR values, however, low intraclass correlations (0.26 and 0.24), high typical errors (2.03 L and 24 mL∙kg-1) were observed, and coefficients of variation (46 and 48%), respectively. The graphical analysis of the differences showed agreement and correlation between the methods (r=0.86 and 0.85). Thus, it can be concluded that the MAODEXTR is not a valid method for estimating the anaerobic capacity of runners, moreover, unreliable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor Luiz Andrade
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Campus de Rio Claro, Instituto de Biociências UNESP, Rio Claro, Brazil.,Physical Education, Centro Universitaro UNIFAFIBE, Bebedouro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Marcelo Papoti
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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17
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Menzies V, Starkweather A, Yao Y, Kelly DL, Garrett TJ, Yang G, Booker S, Swift-Scanlan T, Mahmud I, Lyon DE. Exploring Associations Between Metabolites and Symptoms of Fatigue, Depression and Pain in Women With Fibromyalgia. Biol Res Nurs 2020; 23:119-126. [PMID: 32677448 DOI: 10.1177/1099800420941109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic noncommunicable disorder characterized by a constellation of symptoms that include fatigue, depression and chronic pain. FM affects 2%-8% of the U.S. population, 2% of the global population, with 61%-90% of FM diagnoses attributed to women. Key causal factors leading to the development and severity of FM-related symptoms have not yet been identified. The purpose of this article is to report relationships among identified metabolites and levels of fatigue, depression, pain severity, and pain interference in a sample of 20 women with FM. In this secondary analysis, we conducted global metabolomic analysis and examined the data for relationships of metabolite levels with self-reported symptoms of fatigue, depression, pain severity, and pain interference. Results revealed six metabolites (6-deoxy-hexose; pantothenic acid; ergothioneine; l-carnitine; n-acetylserotonin; butyrobetaine) and their associated metabolic pathways such as carnitine synthesis, lipid oxidation, tryptophan metabolism, beta-alanine metabolism and pantothenic and Coenzyme-A biosynthesis that were either positively or inversely related to pain severity, pain interference, or both. The preliminary data presented suggest that metabolites representing energy, amino acid, or lipid classification may be associated with pain symptom severity and interference in women with FM. Future work will confirm these findings in a large, comparative cohort, targeting metabolites and metabolite pathways to better understand the relationships of metabolites and symptomology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Menzies
- 3463University of Florida College of Nursing, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Yingwei Yao
- 3463University of Florida College of Nursing, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | | | - GeeSu Yang
- 3463University of Florida College of Nursing, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Staja Booker
- 3463University of Florida College of Nursing, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Iqbal Mahmud
- 3463University of Florida College of Nursing, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Debra E Lyon
- 3463University of Florida College of Nursing, Gainesville, FL, USA
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18
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Hoepers A, Alberti A, Freiberger V, Ventura L, Grigollo LR, Andreu CS, da Silva BB, Martins DF, Junior RJN, Streck EL, Comim CM. Effect of Aerobic Physical Exercise in an Animal Model of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. J Mol Neurosci 2020; 70:1552-1564. [PMID: 32507928 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01565-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a condition caused by an amendment to the X chromosome, inherited as a recessive trait, and affects 1:3500 live births, especially males. Low-intensity exercise is known to decrease certain parameters associated with muscular degeneration in animal models of progressive muscular dystrophies. In the present study, 28-day-old male mdx and wild-type (wild) mice were used. The animals were subjected to a low-intensity physical exercise protocol for 8 weeks. It was found that this protocol was able to reduce oxidative stress in muscle tissue and in most of the CNS structures analyzed, with a significant increase in antioxidant activity in all analyzed structures. It is thus possible to infer that this exercise protocol was able to reduce oxidative stress and improve the energy metabolism in brain tissue and in the gastrocnemius muscle of animals with DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreza Hoepers
- Research Group on Neurodevelopment of Childhood and Adolescence, Laboratory of Experimental Neuroscience, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences University of South Santa Catarina, Palhoça, SC, Brazil
| | - Adriano Alberti
- Research Group on Neurodevelopment of Childhood and Adolescence, Laboratory of Experimental Neuroscience, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences University of South Santa Catarina, Palhoça, SC, Brazil.
| | - Viviane Freiberger
- Research Group on Neurodevelopment of Childhood and Adolescence, Laboratory of Experimental Neuroscience, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences University of South Santa Catarina, Palhoça, SC, Brazil
| | - Letícia Ventura
- Research Group on Neurodevelopment of Childhood and Adolescence, Laboratory of Experimental Neuroscience, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences University of South Santa Catarina, Palhoça, SC, Brazil
| | - Leoberto Ricardo Grigollo
- Research Group on Neurodevelopment of Childhood and Adolescence, Laboratory of Experimental Neuroscience, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences University of South Santa Catarina, Palhoça, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Bruna Becker da Silva
- Research Group on Neurodevelopment of Childhood and Adolescence, Laboratory of Experimental Neuroscience, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences University of South Santa Catarina, Palhoça, SC, Brazil
| | - Daniel Fernandes Martins
- Research Group on Neurodevelopment of Childhood and Adolescence, Laboratory of Experimental Neuroscience, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences University of South Santa Catarina, Palhoça, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Emilio L Streck
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopathology, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Clarissa M Comim
- Research Group on Neurodevelopment of Childhood and Adolescence, Laboratory of Experimental Neuroscience, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences University of South Santa Catarina, Palhoça, SC, Brazil
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19
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Dykstra RM, Hanson NJ, Miller MG. Brain activity during self-paced vs. fixed protocols in graded exercise testing. Exp Brain Res 2019; 237:3273-3279. [PMID: 31650214 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-019-05669-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Electroencephalography research surrounding maximal exercise testing has been limited to male subjects. Additionally, studies have used open-looped protocols, meaning individuals do not know the exercise endpoint. Closed-loop protocols are often shown to result in optimal performance as self-pacing is permitted. The purpose of this study was to compare brain activity during open- and closed-loop maximal exercise protocols, and to determine if any sex differences are present. Twenty-seven subjects (12 males, ages 22.0 ± 2.5 years) participated in this study. A pre-assembled EEG sensor strip was used to collect brain activity from specific electrodes (F3/F4: dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, or dlPFC; and C3/Cz/C4: motor cortex, or MC). Alpha (8-12 Hz) and beta (12-30 Hz) frequency bands were analyzed. Subjects completed two maximal exercise tests on a cycle ergometer, separated by at least 48 h: a traditional, open-loop graded exercise test (GXT) and a closed-loop self-paced VO2max (SPV) test. Mixed model ANOVAs were performed to compare power spectral density (PSD) between test protocols and sexes. A significant interaction of time and sex was shown in the dlPFC for males, during the GXT only (p = 001), where a peak was reached and then a decrease was shown. A continuous increase was shown in the SPV. Sex differences in brain activity during exercise could be associated with inhibitory control, which is a function of the dlPFC. Knowledge of an exercise endpoint could be influential towards cessation of exercise and changes in cortical brain activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M Dykstra
- Department of Human Performance and Health Education, Western Michigan University, 1903 W. Michigan Ave, Kalamazoo, MI, 49008, USA.
| | - Nicholas J Hanson
- Department of Human Performance and Health Education, Western Michigan University, 1903 W. Michigan Ave, Kalamazoo, MI, 49008, USA
| | - Michael G Miller
- Department of Human Performance and Health Education, Western Michigan University, 1903 W. Michigan Ave, Kalamazoo, MI, 49008, USA
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20
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Lacerda YG, Nascimento AFD, Alves F, Monteiro CG, Leira MH, Reghim LS. Physical preparation and antioxidant supplementation for endurance racehorses. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE SAÚDE E PRODUÇÃO ANIMAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/s1519-99402018000100003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
SUMMARY The objective of this review is to discuss aspects of the practice of endurance racing and alternatives to reduce oxidative stress in horses. Characterized by a high aerobic effort and requirement of the organic systems for maintenance of homeostasis, the endurance race is a form of sport for horses that demands great attention to the physical preparation of these animals and must be progressive, paying attention to the physiological parameters to evaluate the adaptation of the organism. To begin the preparation, the animals must be at least five years old and the duration can be on average of three years. Another factor that may be detrimental to the health and well-being of competing horses is the occurrence of oxidative stress, due to the accumulation of free radicals in the tissues, generating post-exercise muscle injuries. Antioxidant supplementation has been an alternative to this disorder. Several studies using compounds rich in antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), demonstrate positive effects on antioxidant status, markers of oxidative stress and muscle enzymes, which may represent an improvement in performance during the exercise and recovery of animals destined to the practice of equestrian sports. Therefore, a correct physical preparation becomes crucial and antioxidant supplementation may be used to maintain the health and well-being of horses destined to the equestrian endurance practice.
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21
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Mota MR, Dantas RAE, Oliveira-Silva I, Sales MM, Sotero RDC, Venâncio PEM, Teixeira Júnior J, Chaves SN, de Lima FD. Effect of self-paced active recovery and passive recovery on blood lactate removal following a 200 m freestyle swimming trial. Open Access J Sports Med 2017; 8:155-160. [PMID: 28721108 PMCID: PMC5499938 DOI: 10.2147/oajsm.s127948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of self-paced active recovery (AR) and passive recovery (PR) on blood lactate removal following a 200 m freestyle swimming trial. Patients and methods Fourteen young swimmers (with a training frequency of 6–8 sessions per week) performed two maximal 200 m freestyle trials followed by 15 minutes of different recovery methods, on separate days. Recovery was performed with 15 minutes of passive rest or 5 minutes of passive rest and 10 minutes of self-paced AR. Performance variables (trial velocity and time), recovery variables (distance covered and AR velocity), and physiological variables (blood lactate production, blood lactate removal, and removal velocity) were assessed and compared. Results There was no difference between trial times in both conditions (PR: 125.86±7.92 s; AR: 125.71±8.21 s; p=0.752). AR velocity was 69.10±3.02% of 200 m freestyle trial velocity in AR. Blood lactate production was not different between conditions (PR: 8.82±2.47 mmol L−1; AR: 7.85±2.05 mmol L−1; p=0.069). However, blood lactate removal was higher in AR (PR: 1.76±1.70 mmol L−1; AR: 4.30±1.74 mmol L−1; p<0.001). The velocity of blood lactate removal was significantly higher in AR (PR: 0.18±0.17 mmol L−1 min−1; AR: 0.43±0.17 mmol L−1 min−1; p<0.001). Conclusion Self-paced AR shows a higher velocity of blood lactate removal than PR. These data suggest that athletes may be able to choose the best recovery intensity themselves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcio Rabelo Mota
- College of Education and Health Sciences, University Center of Brasília - UniCEUB, Brasília.,College of Physical Education, UniEVANGÉLICA, Anápolis, Goiás
| | - Renata Aparecida Elias Dantas
- College of Education and Health Sciences, University Center of Brasília - UniCEUB, Brasília.,College of Physical Education, UniEVANGÉLICA, Anápolis, Goiás
| | | | - Marcelo Magalhães Sales
- College of Physical Education, UniEVANGÉLICA, Anápolis, Goiás.,College of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual de Goiás -UEG, Quirinópolis, Goiás
| | | | | | | | - Sandro Nobre Chaves
- College of Physical Education, University of Brasília - UnB, Brasília, Brazil
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22
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23
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Bhatt VD, Joshi S, Becherer M, Lugli P. Flexible, Low-Cost Sensor Based on Electrolyte Gated Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistor for Organo-Phosphate Detection. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2017; 17:s17051147. [PMID: 28524071 DOI: 10.1109/jsen.2017.2707521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
A flexible enzymatic acetylcholinesterase biosensor based on an electrolyte-gated carbon nanotube field effect transistor is demonstrated. The enzyme immobilization is done on a planar gold gate electrode using 3-mercapto propionic acid as the linker molecule. The sensor showed good sensing capability as a sensor for the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, with a sensitivity of 5.7 μA/decade, and demonstrated excellent specificity when tested against interfering analytes present in the body. As the flexible sensor is supposed to suffer mechanical deformations, the endurance of the sensor was measured by putting it under extensive mechanical stress. The enzymatic activity was inhibited by more than 70% when the phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) buffer was spiked with 5 mg/mL malathion (an organophosphate) solution. The biosensor was successfully challenged with tap water and strawberry juice, demonstrating its usefulness as an analytical tool for organophosphate detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Deep Bhatt
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Institute for Nanoelectronics, Technische Universität München, Munich 80333, Germany.
| | - Saumya Joshi
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Institute for Nanoelectronics, Technische Universität München, Munich 80333, Germany.
| | - Markus Becherer
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Institute for Nanoelectronics, Technische Universität München, Munich 80333, Germany.
| | - Paolo Lugli
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, 39100 Bolzano, Italy.
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Yang X, Fu T, Kota PK, Tjia M, Nguyen CM, Chiao JC. Lactate Sensors on Flexible Substrates. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2016; 6:bios6030048. [PMID: 27657147 PMCID: PMC5039667 DOI: 10.3390/bios6030048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lactate detection by an in situ sensor is of great need in clinical medicine, food processing, and athletic performance monitoring. In this paper, a flexible, easy to fabricate, and low-cost biosensor base on lactate oxidase is presented. The fabrication processes, including metal deposition, sol-gel IrOx deposition, and drop-dry enzyme loading method, are described in detail. The loaded enzyme was examined by scanning electron microscopy. Cyclic voltammetry was used to characterize the sensors. Durability, sensibility, and selectivity of the biosensors were examined. The comparison for different electrode sizes and different sensing film materials was conducted. The sensor could last for four weeks with an average surface area normalized sensitivity of 950 nA/(cm2 mM) and 9250 nA/(cm2 mM) for Au-based electrodes, and IrOx-modified electrodes respectively, both with an electrode size of 100 × 50 μm. The self-referencing method to record noises simultaneously with the working electrode greatly improved sensor sensitivity and selectivity. The sensor showed little response to interference chemicals, such as glutamate and dopamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong Yang
- Electrical Engineering, University of Texas‒Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA.
| | - Timothy Fu
- Texas A&M Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA.
| | - Pavan Kumar Kota
- Electrical Engineering, University of Texas‒Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA.
| | - Maggie Tjia
- Electrical Engineering, University of Texas‒Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA.
| | - Cuong Manh Nguyen
- Electrical Engineering, University of Texas‒Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA.
| | - Jung-Chih Chiao
- Electrical Engineering, University of Texas‒Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA.
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Higino WP, Aparecido de Souza R, Cavalcanti FDS, Cardoso ADS, Vasconcelos MV, Fernandes da Silva F, Leme JACA. Influence of repeated bouts of eccentric exercise on high-intensity aerobic performance. J Phys Ther Sci 2016; 28:2369-72. [PMID: 27630434 PMCID: PMC5011598 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.28.2369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] It is believed that eccentric high-intensity exercise can decrease performance in subsequent exercise. However, with repetition, the deleterious effects can be minimized. Thus, this study evaluated the influence of repeated bouts of eccentric exercise on subsequent high-intensity aerobic performance. [Subjects and Methods] Seven healthy and sedentary male volunteers were recruited. a) Visit 1: determination of maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) and speed associated with maximum oxygen uptake (vVO2max) in incremental treadmill testing; b) Visit 2: run to exhaustion at vVO2max (Tlim control); c) Visit 3: 10 sets of 10 depth jumps, followed by a run to exhaustion at vVO2max (Tlim 1); d) Visit 4: after 6 weeks without any physical training, the volunteers carried out the same procedures as on the third visit (Tlim 2). Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the post-hoc Tukey test. [Results] Significant differences were found between Tlim control and Tlim 1 (283.4 ± 47.7 s vs. 125.2 ± 64.1 s, respectively), these were not different from Tlim 2. [Conclusion] Eccentric exercise showed deleterious effects on subsequent high-intensity aerobic performance. These effects were minimized after the exercise protocol was repeated 6 weeks after the first event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonder Passoni Higino
- Group of Studies and Research in Health Sciences (GEP-CS), Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of the South of Minas Gerais (IFSULDEMINAS): Estrada de Muzambinho, km 35, Caixa Postal 02, 37890-000, Muzambinho, MG, Brazil
| | - Renato Aparecido de Souza
- Group of Studies and Research in Health Sciences (GEP-CS), Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of the South of Minas Gerais (IFSULDEMINAS): Estrada de Muzambinho, km 35, Caixa Postal 02, 37890-000, Muzambinho, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Fabiano Fernandes da Silva
- Group of Studies and Research in Health Sciences (GEP-CS), Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of the South of Minas Gerais (IFSULDEMINAS): Estrada de Muzambinho, km 35, Caixa Postal 02, 37890-000, Muzambinho, MG, Brazil; Biomedical Engineering Institute, Camilo Castelo Branco University (UNICASTELO), Brazil
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Moscatelli F, Valenzano A, Petito A, Triggiani AI, Ciliberti MAP, Luongo L, Carotenuto M, Esposito M, Messina A, Monda V, Monda M, Capranica L, Messina G, Cibelli G. Relationship between blood lactate and cortical excitability between taekwondo athletes and non-athletes after hand-grip exercise. Somatosens Mot Res 2016; 33:137-44. [PMID: 27412765 DOI: 10.1080/08990220.2016.1203305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In taekwondo competitions, fatigue has a large influence on performance. Recent studies have reported that the excitability in the primary hand motor cortex, investigated with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), is enhanced at the end of a maximal exercise and that this improvement correlates with blood lactate. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between blood lactate and cortical excitability in taekwondo athletes and non-athletes. METHODS The excitability of the primary motor cortex was measured before and after fatiguing hand-grip exercise by TMS. Capillary blood lactate was measured at rest (pre-test), at the end (0 min), and at 3 and 10 min after the exercise by using a "Lactate Pro" portable lactate analyzer. RESULTS Significant differences in cortical excitability between the two groups were found after the exercise (p < 0.05). Furthermore, we found a significant relationship between cortical excitability and blood lactate (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION The present findings showed changes in the excitability in the athletes group and also in the non-athletes group. However, blood lactate seems to have the greater effect in trained subjects compared to untrained subjects. In fact, it appears that, during extremely intensive exercise in taekwondo athletes, lactate may delay the onset of fatigue not only by maintaining the excitability of muscle, but also by increasing the excitability of the primary motor cortex more than in non-athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiorenzo Moscatelli
- a Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , University of Foggia , Foggia , Italy ;,b Department of Motor, Human and Health Science , University of Rome, "Foro Italico" , Rome , Italy
| | - Anna Valenzano
- a Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , University of Foggia , Foggia , Italy
| | - Annamaria Petito
- a Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , University of Foggia , Foggia , Italy
| | | | | | - Livio Luongo
- c Department of Experimental Medicine , Second University of Naples , Naples , Italy
| | - Marco Carotenuto
- d Clinic of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Department of Mental, Physical Health and Preventive Medicine , Second University of Naples , Naples , Italy
| | - Maria Esposito
- d Clinic of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Department of Mental, Physical Health and Preventive Medicine , Second University of Naples , Naples , Italy
| | - Antonietta Messina
- c Department of Experimental Medicine , Second University of Naples , Naples , Italy
| | - Vincenzo Monda
- c Department of Experimental Medicine , Second University of Naples , Naples , Italy
| | - Marcellino Monda
- c Department of Experimental Medicine , Second University of Naples , Naples , Italy
| | - Laura Capranica
- b Department of Motor, Human and Health Science , University of Rome, "Foro Italico" , Rome , Italy
| | - Giovanni Messina
- a Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , University of Foggia , Foggia , Italy ;,c Department of Experimental Medicine , Second University of Naples , Naples , Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cibelli
- a Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , University of Foggia , Foggia , Italy
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Cho SY, Roh YS, Roh HT. Evaluation of tympanic temperature and thermal sensation responses during exercise to verify the positive effects of wearing germanium-coated functional clothing. J Phys Ther Sci 2016; 28:1860-3. [PMID: 27390434 PMCID: PMC4932075 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.28.1860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The present study investigated the effects of wearing germanium-coated functional clothing on tympanic temperature, thermal sensation, heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), and lactate during endurance exercise. [Subjects and Methods] Nine healthy and untrained male subjects were enrolled. Subjects ran for 60 min on a treadmill (75% heart rate reserve) in the following 2 tests: 1) control test (wearing conventional clothing) and 2) experimental test (wearing germanium-coated functional clothing). During each test, the tympanic temperature and thermal sensation were measured, and blood samples were collected immediately before exercise and immediately after exercise. Thermal sensation was measured using a DISC score. [Results] The tympanic temperature immediately after exercise was significantly increased compared to the temperature immediately before exercise in the control test, while no significant change was observed in the experimental test. In both tests, the DISC score and Hsp70 and lactate levels immediately after exercise were significantly increased compared to those immediately before exercise. In addition, the DISC score immediately after exercise was significantly higher in the control test than in the experimental test. [Conclusion] Wearing germanium-coated functional clothing during endurance exercise may have the positive effect of alleviating thermal stress that accumulates in the body during exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Youn Cho
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, Yonsei University, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn Sun Roh
- Department of Fashion Design, College of Design, Dongseo University, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Tae Roh
- Department of Physical Education, College of Arts and Physical Education, Dong-A University, Republic of Korea
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28
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Changes of tryptophan metabolism in Japanese runners during an ultra-marathon race. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-016-0257-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Hiscock DJ, Dawson B, Donnelly CJ, Peeling P. Muscle activation, blood lactate, and perceived exertion responses to changing resistance training programming variables. Eur J Sport Sci 2015; 16:536-44. [PMID: 26267339 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2015.1071880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Ratings of perceived exertion (RPE: 0-10) during resistance training with varying programming demands were examined. Blood lactate (BLa) and muscle activation (using surface electromyography: EMG) were measured as potential mediators of RPE responses. Participants performed three sets of single arm (preferred side) bicep curls at 70% of 1 repetition maximum over 4 trials: Trial (A) 3 sets × 8 repetitions × 120 s recovery between sets; (B) 3 sets × 8 repetitions × 240 s recovery; (C) 3 sets × maximum number of repetitions (MNR) × 120 s recovery; (D) 3 sets × MNR × 240 s recovery. Overall body (RPE-O) and active muscle (RPE-AM) perceptual responses were assessed following each set in each trial. Biceps brachii and brachioradialis muscle EMG was measured during each set for each trial. RPE-O and RPE-AM were not different between Trial A (3.5 ± 1 and 6 ± 1, respectively) and Trial B (3.5 ± 1 and 5.5 ± 1, respectively) (p < .05). However, RPE-AM was significantly greater in Trial C (7.5 ± 1.5) and Trial D (7.5 ± 1.5) than in Trial B (p < .05). There were no significant differences in muscle activation or BLa between trials; however, work rate (tonnage/min) was greater in Trials C and D compared to Trial B. In conclusion, BLa and muscle activation were not related to RPE, but resistance training variables, such as work rate, may impact on RPE when intensity (%1RM) and the number of sets completed remain constant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Hiscock
- a School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health , The University of Western Australia , Crawley , Australia
| | - Brian Dawson
- a School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health , The University of Western Australia , Crawley , Australia
| | - Cyril J Donnelly
- a School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health , The University of Western Australia , Crawley , Australia
| | - Peter Peeling
- a School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health , The University of Western Australia , Crawley , Australia
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30
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Kim MK, Choi JH, Gim MA, Kim YH, Yoo KT. Effects of different types of exercise on muscle activity and balance control. J Phys Ther Sci 2015; 27:1875-81. [PMID: 26180340 PMCID: PMC4500003 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.27.1875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] This study analyzed the effects of isotonic, isokinetic, and isometric
exercises of ankle joint muscles on lower extremity muscle activity and balance control.
[Subjects and Methods] The subjects were 30 healthy adults (15 males) in their 20s who
were randomly assigned to three different exercise method groups of 10 people each. The
isokinetic exercise group performed three sets at an angular velocity of 60°/sec,
including a single rest period after every set of 10 repetitions. The isometric exercise
group performed three sets consisting of three 15 repetitions of a 15-second exercise
followed by a 5-second rest. [Results] Multivariate analysis of variance revealed that
depending on the exercise method, the non-dominant tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius
muscle, and peroneus longus showed significant differences in muscle activity for
weight-bearing non-dominant sides; when the dominant side was weight-bearing, the dominant
gastrocnemius and peroneus longus showed significant differences in muscle activity; and
the non-dominant and dominant sides showed significant differences in balance control
depending on the duration of support in the area. [Conclusion] Muscle fatigue from the
three exercise methods produced a decline in muscle activity and balance control; due to
the fatigue before exercise, the side that did not perform the exercises was affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Kyoung Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, Namseoul University, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Choi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Namseoul University, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-A Gim
- Department of Physical Therapy, Namseoul University, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hwan Kim
- Graduate School Physical Education, Kyung Hee University, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Tae Yoo
- Department of Physical Therapy, Namseoul University, Republic of Korea
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Takeuchi S, Nishida Y, Mizushima T. Evidence of an association between cardiac-locomotor synchronization and lower leg muscle blood perfusion during walking. J Phys Ther Sci 2015; 27:1819-22. [PMID: 26180328 PMCID: PMC4499991 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.27.1819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the occurrence of
cardiac-locomotor synchronization (CLS) improves lower leg muscle blood perfusion during
walking. [Subjects and Methods] Eleven healthy men were studied while performing two
treadmill protocols. The CLS protocol involved subjects walking at the frequency of their
heart rate (HR) to induce CLS. The free protocol (reference) involved subjects walking at
a self-selected cadence. The treadmill load was identical in the two protocols.
Electrocardiographic signals for HR, foot switch signals for step rate and near-infrared
spectroscopy (NIRS) signals for total haemoglobin (total Hb) in the lower leg muscles were
measured continuously for 10 min after HR reached a steady state. [Results] The mean HR
and mean step rate did not differ between the CLS and free protocols. However, total Hb
was significantly higher in the CLS protocol than in the free protocol. The rate of
increase in total Hb positively correlated with the strength of CLS. [Conclusion] These
results suggest that the occurrence of CLS enhances lower leg muscle blood perfusion by
increasing the strength of CLS during walking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinta Takeuchi
- Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, University Hospital, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nishida
- Seirei Christopher University: 3453 Mikatahara-cho, Kitaku, Hamamatsu-shi, Shizuoka 433-8558, Japan
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Continuous metabolic monitoring based on multi-analyte biomarkers to predict exhaustion. Sci Rep 2015; 5:10603. [PMID: 26028477 PMCID: PMC4450587 DOI: 10.1038/srep10603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
This work introduces the concept of multi-analyte biomarkers for continuous metabolic monitoring. The importance of using more than one marker lies in the ability to obtain a holistic understanding of the metabolism. This is showcased for the detection and prediction of exhaustion during intense physical exercise. The findings presented here indicate that when glucose and lactate changes over time are combined into multi-analyte biomarkers, their monitoring trends are more sensitive in the subcutaneous tissue, an implantation-friendly peripheral tissue, compared to the blood. This unexpected observation was confirmed in normal as well as type 1 diabetic rats. This study was designed to be of direct value to continuous monitoring biosensor research, where single analytes are typically monitored. These findings can be implemented in new multi-analyte continuous monitoring technologies for more accurate insulin dosing, as well as for exhaustion prediction studies based on objective data rather than the subject’s perception.
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Nakai H, Tsujimoto K, Fuchigami T, Ohmatsu S, Osumi M, Nakano H, Fukui M, Morioka S. Effect of anticipation triggered by a prior dyspnea experience on brain activity. J Phys Ther Sci 2015; 27:635-9. [PMID: 25931697 PMCID: PMC4395681 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.27.635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] Oxygenated hemoglobin (oxy-Hb) concentrations in the prefrontal cortex are
closely associated with dyspnea. Dyspnea is influenced not only by physical activity, but
also by visual stimuli, and several studies suggest that oxy-Hb concentrations change in
response to certain external stimuli. However, the effects of internal psychological
states on dyspnea have not been reported. This study explored the influence of
anticipation triggered by previous episodes of dyspnea on brain activity. [Subjects] The
subjects were 15 healthy volunteers with a mean age of 25.0 ± 3.0 years. [Methods] The
subjects were shown a variety of photographs and instructed to expect breathing resistance
matched to the affective nature of the particular photograph. After viewing the images,
varying intensities of breathing resistance that were identical to, easier than, or harder
than those shown in the images were randomly administered to the subjects; in fact, the
image and resistance were identical 33% of the time and discordant 66% of the time.
[Results] The concentrations of oxy-Hb in the right medial prefrontal cortex (rMPFC)
increased significantly with an inspiratory pressure that was 30% of the maximum intensity
in the subjects shown a pleasant image compared to the concentrations in subjects shown an
unpleasant image. Moreover, rMPFC activity was significantly correlated with the magnitude
of the dyspnea experienced. [Conclusion] These results suggest that a correlation exists
between increased oxy-Hb in the rMPFC and the effects of expectations on dyspnea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Nakai
- Department of Rehabilitation, Higashi Osaka Hospital, Japan
| | | | | | - Satoko Ohmatsu
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, Graduate School of Health Science, Kio University, Japan
| | - Michihiro Osumi
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, Graduate School of Health Science, Kio University, Japan
| | - Hideki Nakano
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, Graduate School of Health Science, Kio University, Japan
| | - Manami Fukui
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Higashi Osaka Hospital, Japan
| | - Shu Morioka
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, Graduate School of Health Science, Kio University, Japan
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