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Fowler A, Knaus KR, Khuu S, Khalilimeybodi A, Schenk S, Ward SR, Fry AC, Rangamani P, McCulloch AD. Network model of skeletal muscle cell signalling predicts differential responses to endurance and resistance exercise training. Exp Physiol 2024; 109:939-955. [PMID: 38643471 PMCID: PMC11140181 DOI: 10.1113/ep091712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Exercise-induced muscle adaptations vary based on exercise modality and intensity. We constructed a signalling network model from 87 published studies of human or rodent skeletal muscle cell responses to endurance or resistance exercise in vivo or simulated exercise in vitro. The network comprises 259 signalling interactions between 120 nodes, representing eight membrane receptors and eight canonical signalling pathways regulating 14 transcriptional regulators, 28 target genes and 12 exercise-induced phenotypes. Using this network, we formulated a logic-based ordinary differential equation model predicting time-dependent molecular and phenotypic alterations following acute endurance and resistance exercises. Compared with nine independent studies, the model accurately predicted 18/21 (85%) acute responses to resistance exercise and 12/16 (75%) acute responses to endurance exercise. Detailed sensitivity analysis of differential phenotypic responses to resistance and endurance training showed that, in the model, exercise regulates cell growth and protein synthesis primarily by signalling via mechanistic target of rapamycin, which is activated by Akt and inhibited in endurance exercise by AMP-activated protein kinase. Endurance exercise preferentially activates inflammation via reactive oxygen species and nuclear factor κB signalling. Furthermore, the expected preferential activation of mitochondrial biogenesis by endurance exercise was counterbalanced in the model by protein kinase C in response to resistance training. This model provides a new tool for investigating cross-talk between skeletal muscle signalling pathways activated by endurance and resistance exercise, and the mechanisms of interactions such as the interference effects of endurance training on resistance exercise outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabelle Fowler
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of California SanDiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Katherine R. Knaus
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of California SanDiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Stephanie Khuu
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of California SanDiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Ali Khalilimeybodi
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Simon Schenk
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Samuel R. Ward
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Andrew C. Fry
- Department of Health, Sport and Exercise SciencesUniversity of KansasLawrenceKansasUSA
| | - Padmini Rangamani
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Andrew D. McCulloch
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of California SanDiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
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Xu GJ, Zhang Q, Li SY, Zhu YT, Yu KW, Wang CJ, Xie HY, Wu Y. Environmental enrichment combined with fasudil treatment inhibits neuronal death in the hippocampal CA1 region and ameliorates memory deficits. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:1460-1466. [PMID: 33433459 PMCID: PMC8323697 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.303034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, no specific treatment exists to promote recovery from cognitive impairment after a stroke. Dysfunction of the actin cytoskeleton correlates well with poststroke cognitive declines, and its reorganization requires proper regulation of Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) proteins. Fasudil downregulates ROCK activation and protects neurons against cytoskeleton collapse in the acute phase after stroke. An enriched environment can reduce poststroke cognitive impairment. However, the efficacy of environmental enrichment combined with fasudil treatment remains poorly understood. A photothrombotic stroke model was established in 6-week-old male C57BL/6 mice. Twenty-four hours after modeling, these animals were intraperitoneally administered fasudil (10 mg/kg) once daily for 14 successive days and/or provided with environmental enrichment for 21 successive days. After exposure to environmental enrichment combined with fasudil treatment, the number of neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region increased significantly, the expression and proportion of p-cofilin in the hippocampus decreased, and the distribution of F-actin in the hippocampal CA1 region increased significantly. Furthermore, the performance of mouse stroke models in the tail suspension test and step-through passive avoidance test improved significantly. These findings suggest that environmental enrichment combined with fasudil treatment can ameliorate memory dysfunction through inhibition of the hippocampal ROCK/cofilin pathway, alteration of the dynamic distribution of F-actin, and inhibition of neuronal death in the hippocampal CA1 region. The efficacy of environmental enrichment combined with fasudil treatment was superior to that of fasudil treatment alone. This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Fudan University of China (approval No. 2019-Huashan Hospital JS-139) on February 20, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Jing Xu
- Department of rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qun Zhang
- Department of rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Si-Yue Li
- Department of rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Tong Zhu
- Department of rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke-Wei Yu
- Department of rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuan-Jie Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Yu Xie
- Department of rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Department of rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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3
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Park BS, Kim JH, Kim MY, Lee LK, Yang SM, Jeon HJ, Lee WD, Noh JW, Lee JU, Kwak TY, Lee TH, Kim JY, Kim J. Effect of a muscle strengthening exercise program for pelvic control on gait function of stroke patients. J Phys Ther Sci 2015; 27:641-4. [PMID: 25931698 PMCID: PMC4395682 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.27.641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of strengthening
exercises for the hip extensors on the gait performance and stability of patients with
hemiplegia. [Subjects and Methods] The subjects were fifteen stroke patients (ten males,
five females). The experimental subjects performed a hip extensor strengthening exercise
(HESE) program for a total of four weeks. [Results] The experimental subjects showed
significant improvements after the HESE program. Especially, walking speed and the
affected side stance phase time significantly increased after the HESE program.
Furthermore, the affected side stride length and symmetry index in the stance phase
significantly increased after HESE program. [Conclusion] These results suggest that the
HESE program may, in part, help to improve gait performance ability and stabilize physical
disability after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byoung-Sun Park
- Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Yongin University, Republic of Korea ; Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hyun Kim
- Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Mee-Young Kim
- Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Lim-Kyu Lee
- Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Min Yang
- Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Joo Jeon
- Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Deok Lee
- Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Woong Noh
- Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Uk Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Science, Honam University, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek-Yong Kwak
- Department of Taekwondo Instructor Education, College of Martial Arts, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hyun Lee
- Department of Combative Martial Arts Training, College of Martial Arts, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Young Kim
- Department of Combative Martial Arts Training, College of Martial Arts, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghwan Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Public Health and Welfare, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
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Kim MY, Lee JU, Kim JH, Lee LK, Park BS, Yang SM, Jeon HJ, Lee WD, Noh JW, Kwak TY, Jang SH, Lee TH, Kim JY, Kim B, Kim J. Phosphorylation of Heat Shock Protein 27 is Increased by Cast Immobilization and by Serum-free Starvation in Skeletal Muscles. J Phys Ther Sci 2014; 26:1975-7. [PMID: 25540511 PMCID: PMC4273071 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.26.1975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] Cast immobilization- and cell starvation-induced loss of muscle mass are closely associated with a dramatic reduction in the structural muscle proteins. Heat shock proteins are molecular chaperones that are constitutively expressed in several eukaryotic cells and have been shown to protect against various stressors. However, the changes in the phosphorylation of atrophy-related heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) are still poorly understood in skeletal muscles. In this study, we examine whether or not phosphorylation of HSP27 is changed in the skeletal muscles after cast immobilization and serum-free starvation with low glucose in a time-dependent manner. [Methods] We undertook a HSP27 expression and high-resolution differential proteomic analysis in skeletal muscles. Furthermore, we used western blotting to examine protein expression and phosphorylation of HSP27 in atrophied gastrocnemius muscle strips and L6 myoblasts. [Results] Cast immobilization and starvation significantly upregulated the phosphorylation of HSP27 in a time-dependent manner, respectively. [Conclusion] Our results suggest that cast immobilization- and serum-free starvation-induced atrophy may be in part related to changes in the phosphorylation of HSP27 in rat skeletal muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mee-Young Kim
- Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Uk Lee
- Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hyun Kim
- Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Lim-Kyu Lee
- Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Sun Park
- Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Min Yang
- Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Joo Jeon
- Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Deok Lee
- Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Woong Noh
- Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek-Yong Kwak
- Department of Taekwondo Instructor Education, College of Martial Arts, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Ho Jang
- Department of Judo, College of Martial Arts, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hyun Lee
- Department of Combative Martial Arts Training, College of Martial Arts, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Young Kim
- Department of Combative Martial Arts Training, College of Martial Arts, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Bokyung Kim
- Institute of Functional Genomics, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghwan Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Public Health and Welfare, Yongin University: Yongin 449-714, Republic of Korea
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Kim MY, Lee JU, Kim JH, Lee LK, Yang SM, Park BS, Jeon HJ, Lee WD, Noh JW, Kwak TY, Jang SH, Lee TH, Kim JY, Kim B, Kim J. Decrease of PKB/Akt Phosphorylation is Partially Mediated by SAPK/JNK Activation in Serum-free L6 Myoblasts Starved with Low Glucose. J Phys Ther Sci 2014; 26:1757-60. [PMID: 25435694 PMCID: PMC4242949 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.26.1757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] Studies have been using cell cultures of muscle cells to mimic atrophy in
in vivo and in vitro tests. However, changes in the
activation of atrophy-related PKB/Akt is not fully understood in serum-free starved
skeletal muscle cells. The purpose of the present study was to determine the change of
PKB/Akt phosphorylation in L6 myoblasts under serum-free starvation conditions. [Methods]
We used western blotting to examine PKB/Akt expression and phosphorylation in atrophied L6
myoblasts. [Results] The phosphorylation of PKB/Akt was significantly lower in L6
myoblasts under serum-free starvation than that of the control group. Serum-free
starvation for 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 72, 96, and 120 hours significantly decreased the
phosphorylation of PKB/Akt. Furthermore, the decrease of PKB/Akt phosphorylation under
serum-free starvation was partially restored by SP600125, an inhibitor of SAPK/JNK.
[Conclusion] These results suggest that decrease of PKB/Akt phosphorylation due to
serum-free starvation with low glucose is partially related to the activity of SAPK/JNK in
L6 myoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mee-Young Kim
- Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Yongin University, Republic of Korea ; Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Uk Lee
- Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hyun Kim
- Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Lim-Kyu Lee
- Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Min Yang
- Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Sun Park
- Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Joo Jeon
- Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Deok Lee
- Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Woong Noh
- Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek-Yong Kwak
- Department of Taekwondo Instructor Education, College of Martial Arts, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Ho Jang
- Department of Judo, College of Martial Arts, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hyun Lee
- Combative Martial Arts Training, College of Martial Arts, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Young Kim
- Combative Martial Arts Training, College of Martial Arts, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Bokyung Kim
- Institute of Functional Genomics, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghwan Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Public Health and Welfare, Yongin University: Yongin 449-714, Republic of Korea
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Kim MY, Kim JH, Lee JU, Lee LK, Yang SM, Park BS, Jeon HJ, Lee WD, Noh JW, Kwak TY, Jang SH, Lee TH, Kim JY, Kim TW, Kim B, Kim J. Cofilin Phosphorylation Decreased by Serum-free Starvation with Low Glucose in the L6 Myoblasts. J Phys Ther Sci 2014; 26:1543-5. [PMID: 25364107 PMCID: PMC4210392 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.26.1543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] Many studies have been using cell culture models of muscle cells with exogenous cytokines or glucocorticoids to mimic atrophy in in vivo and in vitro tests. However, the changes in the phosphorylation of atrophy-related cofilin are still poorly understood in starved skeletal muscle cells. In this study, we first examined whether or not phosphorylation of cofilin is altered in L6 myoblasts after 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours of serum-free starvation with low glucose. [Methods] We used Western blotting to exam protein expression and phosphorylation in atrophied L6 myoblasts. [Results] L6 cell sizes and numbers were diminished as a result of serum-free starvation in a time-dependent manner. Serum-free starvation for 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours significantly decreased the phosphorylation of cofilin, respectively. [Conclusion] These results suggest that starvation-induced atrophy may be in part related to changes in the phosphorylation of cofilin in L6 myoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mee-Young Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Yongin University, Republic of Korea ; Department of Physical Therapy, Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hyun Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Uk Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Lim-Kyu Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Min Yang
- Department of Physical Therapy, Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Sun Park
- Department of Physical Therapy, Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Joo Jeon
- Department of Physical Therapy, Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Deok Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Woong Noh
- Department of Physical Therapy, Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek-Yong Kwak
- Department of Taekwondo Instructor Education, College of Martial Arts, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Ho Jang
- Department of Judo, College of Martial Arts, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hyun Lee
- Combative Martial Arts Training, College of Martial Arts, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Young Kim
- Combative Martial Arts Training, College of Martial Arts, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Whan Kim
- Department of Sports Science and Engineering, Korea Institute of Sport Science, Republic of Korea
| | - Bokyung Kim
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Institute of Functional Genomics, Konkuk University, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghwan Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Public Health and Welfare, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
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