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Varesi A, Chirumbolo S, Campagnoli LIM, Pierella E, Piccini GB, Carrara A, Ricevuti G, Scassellati C, Bonvicini C, Pascale A. The Role of Antioxidants in the Interplay between Oxidative Stress and Senescence. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:1224. [PMID: 35883714 PMCID: PMC9311946 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is an irreversible state of cell cycle arrest occurring in response to stressful stimuli, such as telomere attrition, DNA damage, reactive oxygen species, and oncogenic proteins. Although beneficial and protective in several physiological processes, an excessive senescent cell burden has been involved in various pathological conditions including aging, tissue dysfunction and chronic diseases. Oxidative stress (OS) can drive senescence due to a loss of balance between pro-oxidant stimuli and antioxidant defences. Therefore, the identification and characterization of antioxidant compounds capable of preventing or counteracting the senescent phenotype is of major interest. However, despite the considerable number of studies, a comprehensive overview of the main antioxidant molecules capable of counteracting OS-induced senescence is still lacking. Here, besides a brief description of the molecular mechanisms implicated in OS-mediated aging, we review and discuss the role of enzymes, mitochondria-targeting compounds, vitamins, carotenoids, organosulfur compounds, nitrogen non-protein molecules, minerals, flavonoids, and non-flavonoids as antioxidant compounds with an anti-aging potential, therefore offering insights into innovative lifespan-extending approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Varesi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Almo Collegio Borromeo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy;
| | | | - Elisa Pierella
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK;
| | | | - Adelaide Carrara
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Ricevuti
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Catia Scassellati
- Biological Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25123 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Cristian Bonvicini
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25123 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Alessia Pascale
- Department of Drug Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
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Ovchinnikov AN, Paoli A, Seleznev VV, Deryugina AV. Royal jelly plus coenzyme Q10 supplementation improves high-intensity interval exercise performance via changes in plasmatic and salivary biomarkers of oxidative stress and muscle damage in swimmers: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2022; 19:239-257. [PMID: 35813842 PMCID: PMC9261740 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2022.2086015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Excessive production of free radicals caused by many types of exercise results in oxidative stress, which leads to muscle damage, fatigue, and impaired performance. Supplementation with royal jelly (RJ) or coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) has been shown to attenuate exercise-induced oxidant stress in damaged muscle and improve various aspects of exercise performance in many but not all studies. Nevertheless, the effects of treatments based on RJ plus CoQ10 supplementation, which may be potentially beneficial for reducing oxidative stress and enhancing athletic performance, remain unexplored. This study aimed to examine whether oral RJ and CoQ10 co-supplementation could improve high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) performance in swimmers, inhibiting exercise-induced oxidative stress and muscle damage. Methods Twenty high-level swimmers were randomly allocated to receive either 400 mg of RJ and 60 mg of CoQ10 (RJQ) or matching placebo (PLA) once daily for 10 days. Exercise performance was evaluated at baseline, and then reassessed at day 10 of intervention, using a HIIE protocol. Diene conjugates (DC), Schiff bases (SB), and creatine kinase (CK) were also measured in blood plasma and saliva before and immediately after HIIE in both groups. Results HIIE performance expressed as number of points according to a single assessment system developed and approved by the International Swimming Federation (FINA points) significantly improved in RJQ group (p = 0.013) compared to PLA group. Exercise-induced increase in DC, SB, and CK levels in plasma and saliva significantly diminished only in RJQ group (p < 0.05). Regression analysis showed that oral RJQ administration for 10 days was significantly associated with reductions in HIIE-induced increases in plasmatic and salivary DC, SB, and CK levels compared to PLA. Principal component analysis revealed that swimmers treated with RJQ are grouped by both plasmatic and salivary principal components (PC) into a separate cluster compared to PLA. Strong negative correlation between the number of FINA points and plasmatic and salivary PC1 values was observed in both intervention groups. Conclusion The improvements in swimmers’ HIIE performance were due in significant part to RJQ-induced reducing in lipid peroxidation and muscle damage in response to exercise. These findings suggest that RJQ supplementation for 10 days is potentially effective for enhancing HIIE performance and alleviating oxidant stress. Abbreviations RJ, royal jelly; CoQ10, coenzyme Q10; HIIE, high-intensity interval exercise; DC, diene conjugates; SB, Schiff bases; CK, creatine kinase; RJQ, royal jelly plus coenzyme Q10; PLA, placebo; FINA points, points according to a single assessment system developed and approved by the International Swimming Federation; ROS, reactive oxygen species; 10H2DA, 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid; AMPK, 5′-AMP-activated protein kinase; FoxO3, forkhead box O3; MnSOD, manganese-superoxide dismutase; CAT, catalase; E, optical densities; PCA, principal component analysis; PC, principal component; MCFAs, medium-chain fatty acids; CaMKKβ, Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase β; TBARS, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; MDA, malondialdehyde.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandr N. Ovchinnikov
- Department of Sports Medicine and Psychology, Lobachevsky University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Laboratory of Integral Human Health, Lobachevsky University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Antonio Paoli
- Laboratory of Integral Human Health, Lobachevsky University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Vladislav V. Seleznev
- Department of Theory and Methodology of Sport Training, Lobachevsky University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Anna V. Deryugina
- Laboratory of Integral Human Health, Lobachevsky University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, Lobachevsky University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
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Vieira-Souza LM, Santos JLD, Marçal AC, Voltarelli FA, Aidar FJ, Miguel-dos-Santos R, Costa RDA, Matos DGD, Santos SL, Araújo SSD. Biomarker responses of cardiac oxidative stress to high intensity interval training in rats. MOTRIZ: REVISTA DE EDUCACAO FISICA 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-65742021021420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Ushikoshi-Nakayama R, Ryo K, Yamazaki T, Kaneko M, Sugano T, Ito Y, Matsumoto N, Saito I. Effect of gummy candy containing ubiquinol on secretion of saliva: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel-group comparative study and an in vitro study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214495. [PMID: 30943227 PMCID: PMC6447281 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group comparative clinical study was conducted to examine the effects of ubiquinol (the reduced form of Coenzyme Q10) on secretion of saliva. This interventional study enrolled 40 subjects aged 65 years or younger who were healthy, but noted slight dryness of the mouth. Subjects were randomized with stratification according to gender and age to ingestion of gummy candy containing 50 mg of ubiquinol or placebo twice daily for 8 weeks. At the end of study, along with a significant increase of the CoQ10 level in saliva (p = 0.025*, d = 0.65), there was a significant increase of the saliva flow rate (p = 0.048*, d = 0.66) in the ubiquinol candy group (n = 18; 47.4±6.2 years; 6 men and 12 women) compared to the placebo group (n = 20; 52.2±7.7 years; 4 men and 16 women). The strength of the stomatognathic muscles was not significantly enhanced by ingestion of ubiquinol candy. Compared with baseline, significant improvement of the following four questionnaire items was observed in the ubiquinol group at the end of the study: feeling tired (p = 0.00506, d = -0.726), dryness of the mouth (p = 0.04799, d = -0.648), prone to catching a cold (p = 0.00577, d = -0.963), and diarrhea (p = 0.0166, d = -0.855). There were no serious adverse events. An in vitro study revealed that ubiquinol stimulated a significant and concentration-dependent increase of ATP production by a cell line derived from human salivary gland epithelial cells (p<0.05), while 1 nM ubiquinol significantly suppressed (p = 0.028) generation of malondialdehyde by cells exposed to FeSO4-induced oxidative stress. These findings suggest that ubiquinol increases secretion of saliva by suppressing oxidative stress in the salivary glands and by promoting ATP production. Trial Registration: UMIN-CTR UMIN000024406.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Koufuchi Ryo
- Department of Pathology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tomoe Yamazaki
- Department of Pathology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Mie Kaneko
- Department of Pathology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tomoko Sugano
- Department of Pathology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yumi Ito
- Department of Pathology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Matsumoto
- Department of Pathology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Ichiro Saito
- Department of Pathology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Combination of Coenzyme Q 10 Intake and Moderate Physical Activity Counteracts Mitochondrial Dysfunctions in a SAMP8 Mouse Model. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:8936251. [PMID: 30473743 PMCID: PMC6220380 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8936251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Aging skeletal muscles are characterized by a progressive decline in muscle mass and muscular strength. Such muscular dysfunctions are usually associated with structural and functional alterations of skeletal muscle mitochondria. The senescence-accelerated mouse-prone 8 (SAMP8) model, characterized by premature aging and high degree of oxidative stress, was used to investigate whether a combined intervention with mild physical exercise and ubiquinol supplementation was able to improve mitochondrial function and preserve skeletal muscle health during aging. 5-month-old SAMP8 mice, in a presarcopenia phase, have been randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 10): untreated controls and mice treated for two months with either physical exercise (0.5 km/h, on a 5% inclination, for 30 min, 5/7 days per week), ubiquinol 10 (500 mg/kg/day), or a combination of exercise and ubiquinol. Two months of physical exercise significantly increased mitochondrial damage in the muscles of exercised mice when compared to controls. On the contrary, ubiquinol and physical exercise combination significantly improved the overall status of the skeletal muscle, preserving mitochondrial ultrastructure and limiting mitochondrial depolarization induced by physical exercise alone. Accordingly, combination treatment while promoting mitochondrial biogenesis lowered autophagy and caspase 3-dependent apoptosis. In conclusion, the present study shows that ubiquinol supplementation counteracts the deleterious effects of physical exercise-derived ROS improving mitochondrial functionality in an oxidative stress model, such as SAMP8 in the presarcopenia phase.
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Katsuta W, Aihara M, Hirose N, Saito F, Hagiwara H. Changes in oxidative stress severity and antioxidant potential during muscle atrophy and reloading in mice. J Phys Ther Sci 2018; 30:42-46. [PMID: 29410563 PMCID: PMC5788772 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.30.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] Changes in oxidative stress severity and antioxidant potential are routinely
used as oxidative stress markers. While several studies have reported the relationship
between these markers and exercise, little is known about the dynamic nature of these
markers during muscle atrophy and reloading. Therefore, we examined changes in oxidative
stress severity and antioxidant potential during muscle atrophy and reloading. [Subjects
and Methods] Muscle atrophy was induced in mice by casting the limb for 2 weeks. Mice were
then subjected to reloading for 2 weeks. The severity of oxidative stress (hydroperoxide)
and antioxidant potential (degree of reduction) were quantified. [Results] Muscle atrophy
was induced by cast immobilization. The muscle mass of mice recovered to similar levels as
the control group following 2 weeks of reloading. The degree of oxidative stress was
within the normal range throughout the experimental period. The antioxidant potential
decreased to the clinical borderline level 2 weeks after immobilization, further decreased
after 1 day of reloading, and then recovered to within the normal range. [Conclusion]
Performing d-ROMs and BAP tests may contribute to the understanding to atrophic process of
skeletal muscle in clinical practice of physical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wakana Katsuta
- Division of Biosciences, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Teikyo University of Science: 2525 Yatsuzawa, Uenohara, Yamanashi 409-0193, Japan.,Department of Rehabilitation, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Japan
| | - Masahiro Aihara
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Teikyo University of Science, Japan.,Department of Health Science, International University of Health and Welfare Graduate School, Japan
| | - Noboru Hirose
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Teikyo University of Science, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Saito
- Department of Neurology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hiroki Hagiwara
- Division of Biosciences, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Teikyo University of Science: 2525 Yatsuzawa, Uenohara, Yamanashi 409-0193, Japan.,Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Teikyo University of Science, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Japan
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Aihara M, Hirose N, Katsuta W, Saito F, Maruyama H, Hagiwara H. A new model of skeletal muscle atrophy induced by immobilization using a hook-and-loop fastener in mice. J Phys Ther Sci 2017; 29:1779-1783. [PMID: 29184288 PMCID: PMC5684009 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.29.1779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] To study muscle atrophy, the muscle atrophy model mice have been used
frequently. In particular, cast immobilization is the most common method to induce muscle
atrophy. However, it is time consuming and often causes adverse events including skin
injury, edema, and necrosis. The present study, we developed a hook-and-loop fastener
(Velcro) immobilization method as a new, simple, and less invasive approach to induce
muscle atrophy. [Subjects and Methods] Mice were bandaged in the knee joint extension and
ankle plantar extension position. Muscle atrophy was induced by either winding a cast or
Velcro around the limb. [Results] According to weight and fiber size, Velcro
immobilization induced equivalent muscle atrophy to cast immobilization. Velcro
immobilization reduced significantly the time for the procedure and the frequency of
adverse events. [Conclusion] Velcro immobilization can induce muscle atrophy comparable to
cast immobilization, but in a shorter time and with less complications. Velcro
immobilization may contribute to the study of disuse muscle atrophy in clinical practice
of physical therapy using a mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Aihara
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Teikyo University of Science: 2525 Yatsuzawa, Uenohara, Yamanashi 409-0193, Japan.,Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Health Science, International University of Health and Welfare Graduate School, Japan
| | - Noboru Hirose
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Teikyo University of Science: 2525 Yatsuzawa, Uenohara, Yamanashi 409-0193, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Wakana Katsuta
- Division of Biosciences, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Teikyo University of Science, Japan.,Department of Rehabilitation, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Saito
- Department of Neurology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Maruyama
- Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Health Science, International University of Health and Welfare Graduate School, Japan
| | - Hiroki Hagiwara
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Teikyo University of Science: 2525 Yatsuzawa, Uenohara, Yamanashi 409-0193, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Japan.,Division of Biosciences, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Teikyo University of Science, Japan
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The Combination of Physical Exercise with Muscle-Directed Antioxidants to Counteract Sarcopenia: A Biomedical Rationale for Pleiotropic Treatment with Creatine and Coenzyme Q10. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:7083049. [PMID: 29123615 PMCID: PMC5632475 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7083049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Sarcopenia represents an increasing public health risk due to the rapid aging of the world's population. It is characterized by both low muscle mass and function and is associated with mobility disorders, increased risk of falls and fractures, loss of independence, disabilities, and increased risk of death. Despite the urgency of the problem, the development of treatments for sarcopenia has lagged. Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and decreased antioxidant (AO) defences seem to be important factors contributing to muscle impairment. Studies have been conducted to verify whether physical exercise and/or AOs could prevent and/or delay sarcopenia through a normalization of the etiologically relevant ROS imbalance. Despite the strong rationale, the results obtained were contradictory, particularly with regard to the effects of the tested AOs. A possible explanation might be that not all the agents included in the general heading of "AOs" could fulfill the requisites to counteract the complex series of events causing/accelerating sarcopenia: the combination of the muscle-directed antioxidants creatine and coenzyme Q10 with physical exercise as a biomedical rationale for pleiotropic prevention and/or treatment of sarcopenia is discussed.
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Ha MS, Kim DY, Baek YH. Effects of Hatha yoga exercise on plasma malondialdehyde concentration and superoxide dismutase activity in female patients with shoulder pain. J Phys Ther Sci 2015; 27:2109-12. [PMID: 26311934 PMCID: PMC4540828 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.27.2109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of Hatha yoga exercise on
plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in
female patients with shoulder pain. [Subjects] Subjects comprised 20 female patients with
shoulder pain. [Methods] Subjects were divided into 2 groups: a Hatha yoga exercise group
(n = 10) and a control group that performed no exercise (n = 10). The subjects’ body
composition, plasma malondialdehyde concentrations, and superoxide dismutase activities
were measured before and after a 16-week Hatha yoga exercise program. [Results] After the
16-week Hatha yoga exercise program, the exercise group had significantly lower plasma MDA
concentrations than the control group. In addition, the exercise group had significantly
higher plasma SOD activity than the control group. [Conclusions] Hatha yoga exercise
improves flexibility, muscle tone and strength, balance, and joint function. Our findings
indicate that regular and continuous yoga exercise effectively improved body composition,
decrease plasma MDA concentration, and increase plasma SOD activity in female patients
with shoulder pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Sung Ha
- Department of Physical Education, Pusan National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Yeon Kim
- Department of Physical Education, Pusan National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong-Ho Baek
- Department of Physical Education, Pusan National University, Republic of Korea
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Ari C, Poff AM, Held HE, Landon CS, Goldhagen CR, Mavromates N, D’Agostino DP. Metabolic therapy with Deanna Protocol supplementation delays disease progression and extends survival in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) mouse model. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103526. [PMID: 25061944 PMCID: PMC4111621 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, is a neurodegenerative disorder of motor neurons causing progressive muscle weakness, paralysis, and eventual death from respiratory failure. There is currently no cure or effective treatment for ALS. Besides motor neuron degeneration, ALS is associated with impaired energy metabolism, which is pathophysiologically linked to mitochondrial dysfunction and glutamate excitotoxicity. The Deanna Protocol (DP) is a metabolic therapy that has been reported to alleviate symptoms in patients with ALS. In this study we hypothesized that alternative fuels in the form of TCA cycle intermediates, specifically arginine-alpha-ketoglutarate (AAKG), the main ingredient of the DP, and the ketogenic diet (KD), would increase motor function and survival in a mouse model of ALS (SOD1-G93A). ALS mice were fed standard rodent diet (SD), KD, or either diets containing a metabolic therapy of the primary ingredients of the DP consisting of AAKG, gamma-aminobutyric acid, Coenzyme Q10, and medium chain triglyceride high in caprylic triglyceride. Assessment of ALS-like pathology was performed using a pre-defined criteria for neurological score, accelerated rotarod test, paw grip endurance test, and grip strength test. Blood glucose, blood beta-hydroxybutyrate, and body weight were also monitored. SD+DP-fed mice exhibited improved neurological score from age 116 to 136 days compared to control mice. KD-fed mice exhibited better motor performance on all motor function tests at 15 and 16 weeks of age compared to controls. SD+DP and KD+DP therapies significantly extended survival time of SOD1-G93A mice by 7.5% (p = 0.001) and 4.2% (p = 0.006), respectively. Sixty-three percent of mice in the KD+DP and 72.7% of the SD+DP group lived past 125 days, while only 9% of the control animals survived past that point. Targeting energy metabolism with metabolic therapy produces a therapeutic effect in ALS mice which may prolong survival and quality of life in ALS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csilla Ari
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Hyperbaric Biomedical Research Laboratory, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Angela M. Poff
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Hyperbaric Biomedical Research Laboratory, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Heather E. Held
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Hyperbaric Biomedical Research Laboratory, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Carol S. Landon
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Hyperbaric Biomedical Research Laboratory, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Craig R. Goldhagen
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Hyperbaric Biomedical Research Laboratory, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Nicholas Mavromates
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Hyperbaric Biomedical Research Laboratory, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Dominic P. D’Agostino
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Hyperbaric Biomedical Research Laboratory, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
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