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Shibasaki S, Kishino T, Sei Y, Harashima K, Sakata K, Ohnishi H, Watanabe T. Close relationships between neck and upper-back stiffness and transverse cervical artery flow velocity. Eur J Appl Physiol 2024; 124:1925-1931. [PMID: 38280013 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-024-05416-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Neck and upper-back stiffness is encountered in daily life, with symptoms appearing as dullness or aches predominantly in the trapezius muscle (TM). Our previous study demonstrated that TM hardness as measured with a muscle hardness meter correlates well with transverse cervical artery (TCA) flow supplying the TM. Muscle hardness meters, however, cannot measure hardness in the TM alone. Meanwhile, recent advances in ultrasound elastography have enabled the evaluation of localized hardness in targeted tissues. The present study, therefore, aimed to clarify the relationship between TM hardness as measured by elastography and TCA hemodynamics as measured on Doppler sonography, with reference to daily symptoms of upper-back stiffness. METHODS The study population comprised 66 healthy young adults (32 males, 34 females; mean age, 21 ± 1 years). Relationships were evaluated between TM hardness as a negative correlate of strain ratio from elastography and TCA hemodynamics on Doppler sonography. Hemodynamics in the TCA were evaluated according to the frequency of neck and upper-back stiffness. RESULTS TM strain ratio correlated with peak systolic velocity (PSV) in the TCA (r = 0.273, p = 0.036), particularly in symptomatic subjects (r = 0.417, p = 0.022). PSV in the TCA decreased with increasing frequency of daily symptoms (p = 0.045). CONCLUSION TCA hemodynamics correlated with muscle hardness when evaluating localized TM hardness. This relationship and low PSV in the TCA were evident in symptomatic subjects. These results suggest that PSV in the TCA is associated with neck and upper-back stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Shibasaki
- Department of Medical Technology, Kyorin University Faculty of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomonori Kishino
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Kyorin University Faculty of Health Sciences, 5-4-1 Shimorenjaku, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8612, Japan.
| | - Yoriko Sei
- Department of Medical Technology, Kyorin University Faculty of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Harashima
- Department of Medical Technology, Kyorin University Faculty of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Konomi Sakata
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Kyorin University Faculty of Health Sciences, 5-4-1 Shimorenjaku, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8612, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ohnishi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kyorin University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Cheragh ZA, Degens H, Sakinepoor A. Effect of a slump posture on pain, proprioception, and electrical activity of the muscles in office workers with chronic non-specific neck pain. A retrospective study. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2024; 38:100-105. [PMID: 38763548 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2023.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of computer typing in a slump posture on pain, proprioception and muscle recruitment has not been extensively investigated. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the extent of pain, proprioception and muscle activity resulting from computer typing in a slump posture in women who already suffer from chronic neck pain. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted between May 20 to July 10, 2021. A total of 15 female 42-(±4.96)-year-old office workers with chronic non-specific neck pain participated in this study. Before and after 60 min of computer typing in a slump posture, proprioception and pain were measured using an inclinometer and visual analog scale (VAS), respectively. The activity of the cervical erector spine (CES) and upper trapezius (UT) muscle was also measured before and after the slump-posture computer typing, in upright, forward, and slump postures. RESU: lts: Paired-samples t-tests showed that pain was increased and proprioception in all directions (flexion, extension, right and left lateral flexion, and right, and left rotation) was less accurate (P < 0.05) after 60 min computer typing. The CES and UT muscle activity were elevated more in the forward head and slump posture than in the upright posture (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Sixty minutes computer typing in a slump posture increased neck pain, resulted in a decreased proprioception in the neck and was accompanied by an increased activity of the neck musculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ataei Cheragh
- Sports Injury and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hans Degens
- Department of Life Sciences, Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science & Sports Medicine, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK; Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ainollah Sakinepoor
- Sports Injury and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
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Asadzadeh A, Salahzadeh Z, Samad-Soltani T, Rezaei-Hachesu P. An affordable and immersive virtual reality-based exercise therapy in forward head posture. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297863. [PMID: 38446782 PMCID: PMC10917330 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Forward Head Posture (FHP) is one of the most commonly occurring musculoskeletal abnormalities. Despite exercise therapy being an effective approach for FHP treatment, it can be long, monotonous, and tedious. Virtual reality (VR) can be used as an innovative solution to address these challenges. We designed an affordable and immersive VR-based exercise therapy (VRET) system for FHP correction. The VRET contents (i.e., exercises and VR scenarios) were determined by physiotherapists and game designers at the focus group meetings. Hardware requirements include a VR box, smartphone, and sensors (i.e., a smartphone accelerometer and an affordable Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU)) to measure head motions and transfer them via Wi-Fi to the VRET system. The IMU was designed using the MPU6050, Arduino Nano, and ESP8266-01S. Gwet's AC1, Game Experience Questionnaires (GEQ), and System Usability Scale (SUS) were used to measure intra-rater reliability, user experience, and system usability, respectively. The determined exercises, including Capital Flexion-Extension and Chin Tuck, were designed in the form of a shooting game. A physiotherapist and twenty-one FHP individuals took part in evaluating the system. High precision was obtained for the designed IMU (i.e., pitch and roll < 0.1° and yaw < 1.3 °). Gwet's AC1 and SUS results showed very good intra-rater reliability (coefficient = 0.892) and excellent usability (score = 87.14), respectively. According to the mean scores of the GEQ, participants were confident about competence, immersion, flow, and positive affect components. The development of low-cost VRET systems for FHP correction is a step towards facilitating rehabilitation challenges by providing positive experiences for users as well as helping them perform therapeutic exercises correctly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsoon Asadzadeh
- Department of Health Information Technology, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Salahzadeh
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Taha Samad-Soltani
- Department of Health Information Technology, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Peyman Rezaei-Hachesu
- Department of Health Information Technology, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Souza VK, Schneider IJC, Registro Fonseca MDC, Kuriki HU, Marcolino AM, Barbosa RI. Text neck is not associated with neck and upper limb disability in young adults who use smartphones. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2024; 33:1187-1194. [PMID: 38369595 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-024-08139-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of the present study was to correlate neck and upper-limb disabilities with neck flexion in university students who are smartphone users. While handling smartphones, a posture with sustained neck flexion known as "Text Neck" is usually adopted, and some authors related to musculoskeletal symptoms on the neck and the upper limb. However, recent studies state that such an association is questionable. METHODS This is an observational study when evaluating 192 university students through questionnaires such as the Neck Disability Index (NDI), Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH), besides the maximal neck flexion, grip and lateral pinch strength of the participants. RESULTS The sociodemographic questionnaire demonstrated that most participants had used the device for 5 to 10 years, for five or more hours per day. The DASH questionnaire scores presented an average of 7.2 points, while the data regarding grip and lateral pinch strength showed averages of 29.5 kgf and 8.8 kgf, respectively. The NDI questionnaire scores presented an average of 10.5. The average range of motion of the maximum neck flexion was 27°. CONCLUSION There was no association between neck flexion with the DASH and NDI or the grip and lateral pinch strength after the correlation and binary logistic regression analyses. The results show that the scores of DASH, NDI, hand grip and lateral pinch strength, have no association with the maximum neck flexion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor Kinoshita Souza
- Post-Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Laboratory of Assessment and Rehabilitation of the Locomotor System, Federal University of Santa Catarina (LARAL/UFSC), Rua Pedro João Pereira 150, Araranguá, Santa Catarina, CEP 88905-120, Brazil.
| | - Ione Jayce Ceola Schneider
- Post-Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Laboratory of Assessment and Rehabilitation of the Locomotor System, Federal University of Santa Catarina (LARAL/UFSC), Rua Pedro João Pereira 150, Araranguá, Santa Catarina, CEP 88905-120, Brazil
| | - Marisa de Cássia Registro Fonseca
- Post-Graduate Program in Functional Rehabilitation and Performance, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Heloyse Uliam Kuriki
- Post-Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Laboratory of Assessment and Rehabilitation of the Locomotor System, Federal University of Santa Catarina (LARAL/UFSC), Rua Pedro João Pereira 150, Araranguá, Santa Catarina, CEP 88905-120, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Márcio Marcolino
- Post-Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Laboratory of Assessment and Rehabilitation of the Locomotor System, Federal University of Santa Catarina (LARAL/UFSC), Rua Pedro João Pereira 150, Araranguá, Santa Catarina, CEP 88905-120, Brazil
| | - Rafael Inácio Barbosa
- Post-Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Laboratory of Assessment and Rehabilitation of the Locomotor System, Federal University of Santa Catarina (LARAL/UFSC), Rua Pedro João Pereira 150, Araranguá, Santa Catarina, CEP 88905-120, Brazil
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Vahedi Z, Kazemi Z, Sharifnezhad A, Mazloumi A. Perceived Discomfort, Neck Kinematics, and Muscular Activity During Smartphone Usage: A Comparative Study. HUMAN FACTORS 2024; 66:437-450. [PMID: 35477293 DOI: 10.1177/00187208221087760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study aims to evaluate the effects of posture, task, and handgrip style on discomfort, neck kinematics, and concomitant muscular activity when using a smartphone (SP). BACKGROUND Along with the popularity of smartphones, musculoskeletal disorders have become prevalent among smartphone users. However, comprehensive aspects of discomfort, kinematics, and electromyographic responses across various conditions remain to be investigated. METHOD Twenty-four young smartphone users performed typing, video watching, and reading tasks while holding the smartphone both with one hand and with two hands while either sitting or standing. Neck kinematics and muscular activities were simultaneously recorded. RESULTS Working with SPs led to higher discomfort in the neck (p = 0.01), lower back (p = 0.01), and shoulder (p = 0.04) while sitting as compared to standing. Sitting was associated with greater neck flexion and more minor lateral bending for all tasks and grip styles (p < 0.05). Electromyographic analysis indicated significant differences between sitting and standing, with alterations being dependent on the test condition. Moreover, neck kinematics and muscular activities significantly differed based on the task nature, handgrip, and interactions. CONCLUSION This study highlights the risk of using smartphones in increased neck angle flexion and muscular activities fatigue. Thus, posture and handgrip should be considered while using SPs. As each test condition affects a specific dependent variable, a holistic approach is required to evaluate the responses of SP users' musculoskeletal systems. APPLICATION Results can be applied to develop guidelines for musculoskeletal disorders/discomfort prevention among SP users, especially with the rise of smartphone use during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Vahedi
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Zeinab Kazemi
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, USA
| | - Ali Sharifnezhad
- Centre of Sports Biomechanics, Sport Sciences Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Adel Mazloumi
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
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de Jesus Correia F, Soares JB, Dos Anjos Matos R, Pithon KR, Ferreira LN, de Assunção PL. Smartphone addiction, musculoskeletal pain and functionality in university students - a observational study. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2024; 29:286-296. [PMID: 36803275 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2023.2176893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Smartphone addiction and its excessive use could cause musculoskeletal symptoms such neck and upper limb pain. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between smartphone use and musculoskeletal pain in the upper limbs and neck, as well as to observe the relationship in between smartphone addiction and musculoskeletal pain and upper limb function in university students. It is a cross-sectional, analytical study. A total of 165 university students participated in the research. Each student had their own smartphone. The students answered a structured questionnaire about pain in the upper limbs and neck; the Smartphone Addiction Inventory (SPAI) and the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand questionnaire (DASH). Prevalence of neck and upper limb pain was 34.0%. Smartphone addiction and its use to play games and listen to music were risk factors to upper limb pain. Moreover, the smartphone addiction and age proved to be risk factors to neck pain. There was correlation between DASH and SPAI scores, and there was association between DASH score and neck and upper limb pain. Being of the female sex and smartphone addiction predicted the risk of incapacity development. We found association between neck and upper limb pain with smartphone addiction. Functional incapacity was associated to neck and upper limb pain. It was predicted by smartphone addiction and being of the female sex.
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Sarraf F, Abbasi S, Varmazyar S. Self-Management Exercises Intervention on Text Neck Syndrome Among University Students Using Smartphones. Pain Manag Nurs 2023; 24:595-602. [PMID: 37173200 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmn.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of neck pain due to the overuse of mobile phones has been reported among university students. AIM This study aims to investigate the impact of self-management corrective exercises on text neck syndrome among university students using smartphones. METHODS This experimental study was conducted on 60 students in the two experimental and control groups. Demographic information and the Neck Disability Index (NDI) questionnaires were used for data collection. The Severity of Neck Pain (SNP) was determined using the visual analog scale. The head and neck tilt angles, the gaze angle, and the amount of change in the forward head posture were determined using photogrammetry and Kinovea software. The experimental group performed corrective exercises 5 days a week for 8 weeks. The desired variables were re-determined in both groups after the intervention. RESULTS The SNP and NDI in the experimental group after the intervention decreased by 0.61-1.45, and 1.20-5.14, respectively. Significant differences between the measured variables before and after the intervention in the experimental group showed that the head tilt angle (7.17-22.30 degrees), gaze angle (3.21-23.5 degrees), and forward head posture (3.26-5.42 cm) were reduced, and the neck tilt angle (2.00-17.24 degrees) increased and improved after the intervention in various measurement positions. CONCLUSIONS After performing the corrective exercises, 36.6% of the SNP and 13.3% of the NDI were reduced in the experimental group. Head and neck angles during using smartphones in a sitting position on a chair without a backrest were the most awkward posture compared with other postures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faeze Sarraf
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Student Research Committee Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | | | - Sakineh Varmazyar
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Social Determinants Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Faculty of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
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Luo H, Jin T, Zhang Y, Tian B, Zhang Y, Wang D. A skin-integrated device for neck posture monitoring and correction. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2023; 9:150. [PMID: 38033991 PMCID: PMC10682425 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-023-00613-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Cervical spondylosis is a common disease that is often caused by long-term abnormal cervical curvature due to activities such as reading books and using computers or smartphones. This paper explores building an untethered and skin-integrated device in an e-skin form factor to monitor and haptically correct neck posture. The proposed design features a multilayered structure that integrates all flexible electronic circuits and components into a compact skin space while being untethered and skin conformal. An accelerometer in the e-skin attaches to the neck for posture sensing, while four vibration actuators closely touch the neck skin to provide localized vibrotactile stimuli that encode four-direction correction cues of neck flexion ± α and lateral bending ± β . To ensure the reliability of posture sensing and vibrotactile rendering during neck movement, it is necessary to prevent the e-skin device from shifting position. Thus, a hollow structure-based method is implemented for stably attaching the e-skin to the neck skin. Experiments validated the e-skin device's sensing precision, skin-conformal compliance, stickiness, stability and effectiveness during the motion of neck postures, including its discrimination of localized four-direction vibrotactile cues. A user study verified the device's performance for sensing and correcting different abnormal neck postures during activities such as using smartphones, reading books, and processing computer files. The proposed e-skin device may create opportunities for more convenient cervical spondylosis prevention and rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Luo
- State Key Lab of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Tianhao Jin
- State Key Lab of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of General Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Bohao Tian
- State Key Lab of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Yuru Zhang
- State Key Lab of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Dangxiao Wang
- State Key Lab of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100191 Beijing, China
- Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518055 China
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Rabie GM, Shokry KE, Alsharnoubi J. Short-term effects of low-level laser versus ultrasound therapy on children's neck posture after long-term use of electronic devices. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 38:235. [PMID: 37831223 PMCID: PMC10575798 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03895-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to compare the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT), ultrasound therapy (US), and strengthening and stretching exercise in children diagnosed with cervical straightening caused by long-term use of electronic devices. A total of 60 patients from 12 to 18 years of both gender diagnosed with straight neck syndrome which is losing the normal C shape of cervical vertebrae. Patients were randomized into three groups. In group A, patients received LLLT plus exercise, while in group B, they received US plus exercise, and group C received exercise. In group A and B, Cobb angle and VAS showed a significant improvement (more significant in group A) with P < 0.001, while in group C P = 0.006. LLLT, US, and exercise improved the cervical straight curve, and reduced pain with maximum effect was done by LLLT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kamal Elsayed Shokry
- Department of Pediatric Physical Therapy Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Jehan Alsharnoubi
- Department of Pediatrics, National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences (NILES), Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
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Lim J, Lee D, Kim S, Lee S, Ryu JS. Analysis of abnormal muscle activities in patients with loss of cervical lordosis: a cross-sectional study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2023; 24:666. [PMID: 37608321 PMCID: PMC10464463 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-023-06782-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to detect the differences in cervical muscle activation patterns in people with versus without cervical lordosis and explore the possible mechanism of cervical pain originating therein. METHODS This cross-sectional design included 39 participants without and 18 with normal cervical lordosis. Muscular activation was measured for 5 s in both groups using surface electromyography. Subsequently, the root mean square (RMS) of muscle amplitude was obtained at the bilateral splenius capitis, upper and lower parts of the splenius cervicis, upper and lower parts of the semispinalis cervicis, sternocleidomastoid, upper trapezius, and rhomboid muscles in five cervical positions: 0° (resting), 30° of flexion, 30° of extension, 60° of extension, and upon a 1-kg load on the head in a resting posture. RESULTS The RMS values of the upper trapezius muscle at all postures and the rhomboid muscles at 60° of extension were significantly lower in the loss of lordosis than control group. Comparing the RMS ratio of each posture to the resting position, the ratio of the upper trapezius at flexion was significantly higher and that of the rhomboids at 60° of extension and upon loading was significantly lower in the loss of lordosis than control group. Moreover, the pattern changes in the RMS values according to posture showed a similar shape in these two muscles, and lower in the loss of lordosis than the normal group. CONCLUSIONS The loss of normal cervical alignment may correlate with predisposed conditions such as reduced muscle activation of the trapezius and rhomboid muscle, and may also provoke over-firing of the upper trapezius muscle, possibly increasing neck musculoskeletal pain. TRIAL REGISTRATION CLINICALTRIALS gov, registration number: NCT03710785.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwoon Lim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan-si, South Korea
| | - Dajeong Lee
- Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sangyoung Kim
- Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seungeun Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 82 Gumi-Ro 173 Beon-Gil, Bundang-Gu, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, 13620, South Korea
| | - Ju Seok Ryu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 82 Gumi-Ro 173 Beon-Gil, Bundang-Gu, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, 13620, South Korea.
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Titcomb DA, Melton BF, Miyashita T, Bland HW. The Effects of Postural Education or Corrective Exercise on the Craniovertebral Angle in Young Adults with Forward Head Posture: A Randomized Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXERCISE SCIENCE 2023; 16:954-973. [PMID: 37649869 PMCID: PMC10464763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of three different intervention strategies, postural education (PE) and two corrective exercise programs (CEPs), on the craniovertebral angle (CVA) in young adults with forward head posture (FHP). A prospective four-arm parallel randomized controlled trial with repeated measures was performed. Seventy-nine healthy young adults (55 women, 24 men; mean age: 20.08 ± 2.19 years) with FHP were randomized into four groups: PE group, self-myofascial release + stretching group (SMRS), self-myofascial release + stretching + strengthening group (SMRSS), and a control group (CG). Participant CVA (°) was assessed before and after a 4-week intervention. Seventy-two participants completed the trial. Mean difference comparisons of within-group change in mean CVA revealed an increase in the PE (MD = 3.1, p < .01), SMRS (MD = 3.8, p < .01), and SMRSS (MD = 4.4, p < .01) groups. Mean difference comparison of between-group change in mean CVA supported greater CVA change in the SMRS and SMRSS groups compared to the CG (F(3, 68) = 5.26, p < .01, η2 = .188). All three interventions appear to be effective techniques for improving FHP in young adults, however CEPs may provide superior outcomes than PE alone. A 4-week CEP consisting of self-myofascial release + stretching may yield similar CVA enhancements as a CEP consisting of self-myofascial release + stretching + strengthening. Study findings can assist fitness professionals in designing evidence-based FHP intervention programs for young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Titcomb
- Department of Allied Health Professions, Liberty University, Lynchburg, VA, USA
- Department of Health Sciences and Human Performance, Concordia University-Chicago, River Forest, IL, USA
| | - Bridget F Melton
- Department of Health Sciences and Kinesiology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA, USA
| | - Theresa Miyashita
- Department of Health Sciences and Human Performance, Concordia University-Chicago, River Forest, IL, USA
| | - Helen W Bland
- Department of Health Policy and Community Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA, USA
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Cheragh ZA, Gandomi F, Sakinehpoor A. Effects of typing positions on the upper trapezius and neck extensor muscles electromyography in office employees: A single-blind cross-sectional study. Work 2023; 74:255-263. [PMID: 36214012 DOI: 10.3233/wor-210909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Holding incorrect postures over a long period could lead to chronic nonspecific neck pain (CNNP) in office employees. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of different typing positions on the activity of the neck extensor and upper trapezius (UT) muscles of office employees diagnosed with CNNP. METHODS This assessor-blinded cross-sectional study was performed on 22 female subjects with the mean age of 39.95±5.30 years. The neck extensors and UT muscle activities of the participants were assessed in the upright, forward, and slouching postures by electromyography (EMG). In addition, neck proprioception and the performance of the cervical stabilizer muscles were evaluated using an inclinometer and biofeedback pressure unit, respectively. RESULTS A significant difference was observed between the cervical erector spine (CES) and UT muscle activities in the upright, forward, and slouching typing positions (P < 0.05). In addition, a difference was observed between the upright and slouching postures in these muscles. A positive correlation was denoted between CES muscle activity in the slouching and forward postures and the activation index of neck muscles (P < 0.05). Furthermore, a significant, negative correlation was observed between the UT muscle activity in the slouching posture and neck proprioception (P < 0.05). A positive correlation was also noted between the pain index and repositioning error rates (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION CES muscle activity increased in a forward head posture, which could damage neck proprioception through causing early fatigue and stimulating a cumulative damage cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ataei Cheragh
- Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises Department, Physical Education and Sport Sciences Faculty, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Gandomi
- Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises Department, Physical Education and Sport Sciences Faculty, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Aynollah Sakinehpoor
- Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises Department, Physical Education and Sport Sciences Faculty, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
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GÜÇHAN TOPÇU Z, ANGIN E, DEPRELİ O, YATAR İ, MIHÇIOĞLU S, TOMAÇ H. Relationships of Mobile Phone Use with the Functions and Disabilities of Neck and Upper Extremity. İSTANBUL GELIŞIM ÜNIVERSITESI SAĞLIK BILIMLERI DERGISI 2022. [DOI: 10.38079/igusabder.983050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To determine the effects of mobile phone use on fine motor functions, neck, and upper limb disability values.Methods: Time duration of mobile phone use was recorded for a week. Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) was used to determine the risk level about posture while texting message on phones. Neck Disability Index (NDI) for neck pain and functional disability of neck on activities of daily life, Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand-Function/Symptom (DASH-FS) for the limitation in the functions of upper limb, Jebson Taylor Hand Function test for fine motor function.Results: Two hundred and seventy individuals (141 women, 129 men) whose mean ages were 21,48±1,86 years were included. While a significant correlation between duration of phone use and NDI score was specified (r=0,172; p=0,005), no significant correlation was found between duration of phone use and DASH-FS scores (r=0,092; p=0,130). It was found that there was a negative significant relationship between the duration of phone use and the total function score of the left hand and throwing small objects (p<0,01). According to RULA 95,6% of individuals have unacceptable phone usage postures, but no significant relationship was found between ergonomic risk level and NDI values, DASH-FS values, and hand functions (p>0,05).Conclusion: Although increased duration of phone use could cause neck problems, manual ability may be positively affected. In addition, since most participants have a poor posture while using a mobile phone, it is thought that this may be a risk factor for more musculoskeletal problems in older ages.
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Intolo P, Dailey MN, Rodamporn S, Sirichaiwatjanadeacha K, Tabhom N, Sutaro P. Examination of muscular pain when using an innovative smartphone app for adults. Work 2022; 74:1379-1389. [PMID: 36502359 DOI: 10.3233/wor-210043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Smartphones are very convenient and accessible communication devices. Smartphone usage over long durations with poor posture can lead to musculoskeletal pain in adult users. OBJECTIVE: To compare pain in the neck, shoulder, upper back, lower back, arm, hand, and eye regions. METHODS: Thirty-five asymptomatic adults aged 18-25 years were divided into two groups: 1. use of an innovative smartphone app for the promotion of ergonomic behaviour (app use) and 2. no use of the innovative smartphone app (no app use). Participants sat upright, holding a smartphone with two hands, eyes 30-40 cm away from the screen, with frequent breaks consisting of stretching the neck and hand muscles while resting the eyes. The task involved taking part in online social networking for a duration of 45 minutes. A body pain chart and the visual analog scale (VAS) were used to evaluate the location and severity of pain. RESULTS: Pain in the neck, shoulder, upper back, arm, and hand regions in the “app use” condition were significantly lower than in the “no app use” condition at 15, 30, and 45 min (p-value<0.05). However, there were negligible differences between the two groups for eye pain, and lower back pain. CONCLUSION: Pain in the neck, shoulder, upper back, and arm regions in adult users in the “app use” condition was less than in the “no app use” condition. We would recommend that adults use the innovative smartphone app to prevent the risk of musculoskeletal pain potentially caused by smartphone usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pattariya Intolo
- Faculty of Physical Therapy, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Matthew N. Dailey
- Information and Communication Technologies, Asian Institute of Technology (AIT), Klong Luang Pathumthani, Thailand
| | | | | | - Nattamon Tabhom
- Faculty of Physical Therapy, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Punyavee Sutaro
- Faculty of Physical Therapy, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
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15
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Effects of cervicothoracic postures on the stiffness of trapezius muscles. Med Biol Eng Comput 2022; 60:3009-3017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11517-022-02655-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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16
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Kim SS, Ju SB. An Analysis of Korean University Students' Smartphone Use Situation and Lateral Spinal and Pelvic Tilt Indicators for Posture Evaluation. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 51:2147-2148. [PMID: 36743369 PMCID: PMC9884370 DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v51i9.10574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The Article Abstract is not available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Soo Kim
- Department of Physical Education, Keimyung University, Daugu, South Korea
| | - Sung Bum Ju
- Department of Physical Education, Busan National University of Education, Busan, South Korea,Corresponding Author:
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17
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Priya DB, Subramaniyam M. Fatigue due to smartphone use? Investigating research trends and methods for analysing fatigue caused by extensive smartphone usage: A review. Work 2022; 72:637-650. [DOI: 10.3233/wor-205351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The easy accessibility of smartphones has led to a fivefold increase in their use. People use smartphones almost anywhere, including during travelling and studying. During the global COVID-19 pandemic, the average smartphone screen time has increased from 2.25 to 4.8 hours per day. In India, smartphone usage increased by 68%, and the average screen time increased from 2.42 to 6.9 hours. This dependency on smartphones has led to smartphone addiction. Inappropriate postures during the prolonged use of smartphones can exert adverse effects such as musculoskeletal disorders, digital eye strain, loss of focus and attention. OBJECTIVES: This study was undertaken to understand the effects of prolonged smartphone utilisation and explored fatigue measurement techniques. METHODS: A total of 130 studies examining the effects of smartphone utilisation published in the previous 10 years were identified from the following databases: IEEE, Science Direct, PubMed, PubMed Central, and Google Scholar are reviewed. This study was conducted from September 2019 to January 2021. RESULTS: One in every four adolescents were prone to smartphone addiction, which causes poor mental health. Moreover, India’s research on the effects of excessive smartphone usage is limited. CONCLUSIONS: Studies are required to establish the correlation between fatigue levels and smartphone usage patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Bhanu Priya
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Potheri, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Murali Subramaniyam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Potheri, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India
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18
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Li W, Cui Y, Gong Q, Zhu Z. Association of Smartphone Use Duration with Physical Fitness among University Students: Focus on Strength and Flexibility. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19127386. [PMID: 35742637 PMCID: PMC9223719 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
High-frequency smartphone use leads to physical inactivity and may consequently cause the loss of physical fitness. Although the relationship between smartphone usage and physical fitness has been investigated, most of these studies focused on partial physical fitness, and the evaluation of the duration of smartphone use was insufficient. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between the time period of using smart phones and physical fitness in Chinese university students. In this cross-sectional study, 8977 college students (5189 men and 3788 women) were enrolled. The assessment of smartphone usage was performed using a self-reported questionnaire. Physical fitness was measured in a sports facility, consisting of grip strength, standing long jump, and sit-and-reach test. The post adjustment relationship between smartphone use duration and physical fitness was examined by using the ANCOVA test. In the final adjusted model, an inverse association was observed between the smartphone use duration and grip strength in male and female participants (p = 0.003 and <0.001, respectively). The smartphone use duration was also negatively associated with standing long jump in both sexes (p = 0.003 for male and = 0.026 for female). In male participants, the longer the period of using smartphones, the lower their flexibility (p = 0.026). In conclusion, this study investigated the association between the duration of smartphone use and physical fitness. The results showed that longer durations of smartphone use were associated with weaker grip strength, a shorter standing long jump, and lower flexibility. Controlling smartphone-use duration might be beneficial for physical fitness among university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Li
- Department of Physical Education, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China;
- Correspondence: (W.L.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yufei Cui
- Department of Physical Education, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China;
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan;
- Correspondence: (W.L.); (Y.C.)
| | - Qiang Gong
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan;
| | - Zhihong Zhu
- Department of Physical Education, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China;
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19
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Lam WK, Liu RT, Chen B, Huang XZ, Yi J, Wong DWC. Health Risks and Musculoskeletal Problems of Elite Mobile Esports Players: a Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2022; 8:65. [PMID: 35553264 PMCID: PMC9106768 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-022-00458-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mobile-gaming athletes sit in the same posture for prolonged periods, contributing to significant health risks. This study investigated the health profiles, fatigue, pain and complaints, and musculoskeletal problems of full-time mobile-gaming athletes. METHODS A total of 50 elite mobile-gaming athletes were involved in this study. They were the starting lineup players from all ten professional teams competing in a top-tier multiplayer online battle arena tournament. A survey was conducted to evaluate their fatigue patterns, pain levels, and complaints. A descriptive analysis was conducted to evaluate the athletes' health profiles [body mass index (BMI), fat ratio], fatigue, number of complaints, and musculoskeletal problems. The associations of career duration with BMI, fat ratio, and the total number of confirmed injuries were then determined using Spearman's rank correlation test. RESULTS A total of 46% and 44% of the participants felt tired frequently and occasionally, while 34% and 58% experienced eyestrain frequently and occasionally, respectively. More than 30% of the participants reported headache and rhinitis. A longer esports career duration was associated with a reduction in BMI (r = -0.272, p = 0.056). Career duration had no significant association with smoking habits (p = 0.666), alcohol habits (p = 0.655), coffee habits (p = 0.946), rounds of games for which the player could maintain concentration (p = 0.253), ease of eyestrain (p = 0.569), tiredness (p = 0.510), dizziness (p = 0.071), or leg numbness (p = 0.318). CONCLUSION The findings of this study stress the significance of esports injuries and indicate preventive measures for both athletes and recreational players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wing-Kai Lam
- Sports Information and External Affairs Centre, Hong Kong Sports Institute, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Rui-Tan Liu
- Dr. Chen Sport Training and Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, 101111, China
| | - Bob Chen
- Dr. Chen Sport Training and Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, 101111, China
| | - Xin-Zhou Huang
- Dr. Chen Sport Training and Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, 101111, China
| | - Jie Yi
- Dr. Chen Sport Training and Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, 101111, China
| | - Duo Wai-Chi Wong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China.
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20
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Lam WK, Chen B, Liu RT, Cheung JCW, Wong DWC. Spine Posture, Mobility, and Stability of Top Mobile Esports Athletes: A Case Series. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11050737. [PMID: 35625465 PMCID: PMC9138953 DOI: 10.3390/biology11050737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Professional esports athletes spend a long time in the same sitting posture during training and competition. Mobile esports may exacerbate potential postural problems because of the closer and unsupported arms and because athletes spend more time in a forward-/flexed-head posture. Prolonged sitting in these postures carries significant health risks and may lead to musculoskeletal problems and injuries. The objective of this retrospective study is to assess the posture, mobility, and stability of the spine for professional mobile esports athletes. We collected spine-assessment data from 48 athletes participating in a top-tier league on a real-time-strategy battle-arena online game. The spinal assessment was conducted using the SpinalMouse® under upright standing and trunk flexion in addition to the Matthiass test. Measurements were converted into Idiag Scores by the SpinalMouse® software. The Idiag Posture, Idiag Mobility, and Idiag Stability scores were 62.50 (IQR: 21), 63.50 (IQR: 19.5), and 54.50 (IQR: 14.5), respectively, and were significantly lower (p < 0.001) than the reference normative value (100). Age was found to have a weak positive correlation with the posture score (ρ = 0.29, p = 0.048). Although career duration appeared to lower the scores, the association was insignificant (p > 0.05). The scores also had no significant association with body height, body mass, body mass index, and esports team (p > 0.05). It was anticipated that mobile-based esports would attenuate the biomechanics of the spine and increase the likelihood of musculoskeletal problems, such as neck and back pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wing-Kai Lam
- Sports Information and External Affairs Centre, Hong Kong Sports Institute, Hong Kong 999077, China;
| | - Bob Chen
- Dr Chen Sport Training and Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing 101111, China;
- Correspondence: (B.C.); (D.W.-C.W.); Tel.: +86-137-0106-6063 (B.C.); +852-2766-7669 (D.W.-C.W.)
| | - Rui-Tan Liu
- Dr Chen Sport Training and Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing 101111, China;
| | - James Chung-Wai Cheung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China;
| | - Duo Wai-Chi Wong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China;
- Correspondence: (B.C.); (D.W.-C.W.); Tel.: +86-137-0106-6063 (B.C.); +852-2766-7669 (D.W.-C.W.)
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21
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Therapeutic routine with respiratory exercises improves posture, muscle activity, and respiratory pattern of patients with neck pain: a randomized controlled trial. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4149. [PMID: 35264713 PMCID: PMC8907211 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08128-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Neck pain and forward head posture (FHP) are typical in prolonged smartphone users and need to be targeted for treatment. We aimed to compare the effect of a routine therapeutic program with and without respiratory exercises on smartphone users with FHP and non-specific chronic neck pain (NSCNP). Sixty patients (aged 24.7 ± 2.1 years) with FHP and NSCNP were randomly assigned to the routine therapeutic program (n = 20), combined respiratory exercises with a routine therapeutic program (n = 20), or control (n = 20) groups. At baseline, there was no difference among groups at all variables. Each programme was implemented three times a week for eight weeks. Primary Outcome was pain measured by visual analogue scale (VAS), and secondary ones were forward head angle, the activity of specific muscles, and respiratory patterns, measured by photogrammetry, electromyography and manual, respectively. All outcomes were measured at baseline and eight weeks post-treatment. We used the repeated measures analysis of variance to examine the interaction between time and group, paired t-test for intragroup comparison, one-way analysis of variance for intergroup comparison, and Tukey post hoc test at a significant level 95% was used. There were significant differences in the combined group compared with the routine therapeutic group (P = 0.03) for diaphragm muscle activation, respiratory balance (P = 0.01), and the number of breaths (P = 0.02). There were significant within-group changes from baseline to post-treatment in the combined group for all outcomes above, but no changes in the therapeutic exercise routine group. Despite respiratory pattern, none of the secondary outcomes proved to be superior in the combination group compared to the routine therapeutic program in smartphone users with FHP and NSCNP. Future studies with longer follow-up assessments could strengthen these results. Trial registration: Current Controlled Trials using the IRCT website with ID number of, IRCT20200212046469N1 “Prospectively registered” at 04/03/2020.
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22
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Using Smartphone App Use and Lagged-Ensemble Machine Learning for the Prediction of Work Fatigue and Boredom. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2022; 127:107029. [PMID: 34776600 PMCID: PMC8589273 DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2021.107029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRO As smartphone usage becomes increasingly prevalent in the workplace, the physical and psychological implications of this behavior warrant consideration. Recent research has investigated associations between workplace smartphone use and fatigue and boredom, yet findings are not conclusive. METHODS To build off recent efforts, we applied an ensemble machine learning model on a previously published dataset of N = 83 graduate students in the Netherlands to predict work boredom and fatigue from passively collected smartphone app use information. Using time-based feature engineering and lagged variations of the data to train, validate, and test idiographic models, we evaluated the efficacy of a lagged-ensemble predictive paradigm on sparse temporal data. Moreover, we probed the relative importance of both derived app use variables and lags within this predictive framework. RESULTS The ability to predict fatigue and boredom trajectories from app use information was heterogeneous and highly person-specific. Idiographic modeling reflected moderate to high correlative capacity (r > 0.4) in 47% of participants for fatigue and 24% for boredom, with better overall performance in the fatigue prediction task. App use relating to duration, communication, and patterns of use frequency were among the most important features driving predictions across lags, with longer lags contributing more heavily to final ensemble predictions compared with shorter ones. CONCLUSION A lag- specific ensemble predictive paradigm is a promising approach to leveraging high-dimensional app use behavioral data for the prediction of work fatigue and boredom. Future research will benefit from evaluating associations on densely collected data across longer time scales.
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23
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Cao X, Cheng Y, Xu C, Hou Y, Yang H, Li S, Gao Y, Jia P, Wang Y. Risk of Accidents or Chronic Disorders From Improper Use of Mobile Phones: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Med Internet Res 2022; 24:e21313. [PMID: 35049511 PMCID: PMC8814932 DOI: 10.2196/21313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mobile phone use has brought convenience, but the long or improper use of mobile phones can cause harm to the human body. Objective We aimed to assess the impact of improper mobile phone use on the risks of accidents and chronic disorders. Methods We systematically searched in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases for studies published prior to April 5, 2019; relevant reviews were also searched to identify additional studies. A random-effects model was used to calculate the overall pooled estimates. Results Mobile phone users had a higher risk of accidents (relative risk [RR] 1.37, 95% CI 1.22 to 1.55). Long-term use of mobile phones increased accident risk relative to nonuse or short-term use (RR 2.10, 95% CI 1.63 to 2.70). Compared with nonuse, mobile phone use resulted in a higher risk for neoplasms (RR 1.07, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.14), eye diseases (RR 2.03, 95% CI 1.27 to 3.23), mental health disorders (RR 1.16, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.32), and headaches (RR 1.25, 95% CI 1.18 to 1.32); the pooled risk of other chronic disorders was 1.20 (95% CI 0.90 to 1.59). Subgroup analyses also confirmed the increased risk of accidents and chronic disorders. Conclusions Improper use of mobile phones can harm the human body. While enjoying the convenience brought by mobile phones, people have to use mobile phones properly and reasonably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxi Cao
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- School of Public Administration, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yangyang Cheng
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chenjie Xu
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yabing Hou
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongxi Yang
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shu Li
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Peng Jia
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- International Institute of Spatial Lifecourse Epidemiology (ISLE), Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaogang Wang
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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24
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Li W, Cui Y, Gong Q, Huang C, Guo F. The Association of Smartphone Usage Duration with Physical Fitness among Chinese University Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19010572. [PMID: 35010833 PMCID: PMC8744607 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of smartphones has become increasingly prevalent in recent years, especially among the youth. However, smartphone overuse has been reported to be related to several negative mental and physical health outcomes. Although the association between smartphone use and physical fitness has been investigated in several studies, these studies only focused on specific elements of physical fitness, such as grip strength. In addition, evidence on young adults is limited. Thus, this study aimed to examine the association between the duration of smartphone use and physical fitness among Chinese university students. METHODS A total of 11,242 university students volunteered to participate in the study. The duration of smartphone use was assessed using a self-reported questionnaire. Physical fitness tests consisted of a 50-m sprint and vital capacity tests for both sexes, a 1000-m run and pull-up test for male students, and an 800-m run and sit-up test for female students. RESULTS The duration of smartphone use among the participants was 5.4 h/day for male students and 6.1 h/day for female students on average. After adjusting for confounding factors, in male students, a long duration of smartphone use was significantly associated with a slow 50 m sprint and 1000 m run time, lower pull-up times, and poor vital capacity (p = 0.004, 0.002, 0.002 and 0.040, respectively). In female students, a long duration of smartphone use was associated with a slow 800 m run time (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION This study found that longer duration of smartphone use was associated with lower physical fitness among Chinese university students. The duration of smartphone use may be an influencing factor for physical fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Li
- Department of Physical Education, Institute of Exercise Epidemiology, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China;
- Correspondence: (W.L.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yufei Cui
- Department of Physical Education, Institute of Exercise Epidemiology, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China;
- Correspondence: (W.L.); (Y.C.)
| | - Qiang Gong
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 9808575, Japan;
| | - Cong Huang
- Department of Physical Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310007, China;
| | - Feng Guo
- Department of Physical Education, Institute of Exercise Epidemiology, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China;
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25
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Hasiholan BP, Susilowati IH. Posture and musculoskeletal implications for students using mobile phones because of learning at home policy. Digit Health 2022; 8:20552076221106345. [PMID: 35707269 PMCID: PMC9189555 DOI: 10.1177/20552076221106345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing trend of awkward postures due to smartphone use among students learning from home. Previous research in several countries has shown that the use of smartphones during a pandemic impacts musculoskeletal complaints. This study aimed to determine the postures performed by the students when using mobile phones and their implications for musculoskeletal complaints. A total of 709 students who learned from home voluntarily completed an online questionnaire regarding identity, work posture, and duration, while muscle and bone complaints experienced when using mobile phones were obtained through the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. Furthermore, a bivariate analysis of body postures was carried out to identify perceived complaints using the chi-square method. The results showed a significant relationship between standing and leaning on a table posture (p-value: 0.026) with elbow, knee, and ankle complaints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonardo Prayogo Hasiholan
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Indri Hapsari Susilowati
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
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Li G, Liu H, Qiu C, Tang W. Fear of COVID-19, prolonged smartphone use, sleep disturbances, and depression in the time of COVID-19: A nation-wide survey. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:971800. [PMID: 36311498 PMCID: PMC9614217 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.971800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has had a wide range of behavioral and psychological effects on the general population. This study examined the relationship between fear of COVID-19, daily smartphone use, sleep disturbance, and depression in the general population during the early stage of COVID-19. METHODS An online nation-wide survey was conducted from March 20 to April 10, 2020. Sociodemographic information, including age, gender, educational attainment, vocation, and duration of self-isolation, was collected; fear of COVID-19 and other objective exposures, daily hours of smartphone use, night sleep duration, sleep disturbance, and depressive symptoms were measured with structured questions and PHQ-9. There were 1,280 questionnaires in total, and 1,250 valid questionnaires remained. RESULTS The prevalence of sleep disturbance and depression were found to be 13.1 and 10.7%, respectively. Feelings of extreme fear, longer smartphone use, difficulty initiating sleep, and early morning awakening were significant risk factors for depression. Daily hours of smartphone use, difficulty initiating sleep, and early morning awakening partially mediated the association between feeling extremely scared of the pandemic and depression. CONCLUSION Psychological interventions in a major public health crisis should focus more on the subjective perception of pandemic fear. At the same time, daily smartphone use and sleep disturbances could serve as targets for monitoring and intervention for depression during a pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangqin Li
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Liu
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Changjian Qiu
- Mental Health Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wanjie Tang
- Mental Health Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Tapanya W, Puntumetakul R, Neubert MS, Hunsawong T, Boucaut R. Ergonomic arm support prototype device for smartphone users reduces neck and shoulder musculoskeletal loading and fatigue. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2021; 95:103458. [PMID: 33991854 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2021.103458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Smartphone use is a risk factor for both neck and shoulder musculoskeletal disorders. The objective of this study was to evaluate an ergonomic arm support prototype device, which may help improve posture while using a smartphone, by determining its effect on muscle activity, muscle fatigue, and neck and shoulder discomfort. Twenty-four healthy young adult smartphone users performed 20 min of smartphone game playing under two different conditions, smartphone use with support prototype device (i.e. intervention condition) and without (i.e. control condition), while neck and shoulder posture were controlled at 0° neck flexion and 30° shoulder flexion. Activity and fatigue of four muscles were measured using surface electromyography (sEMG), these were: anterior deltoid (AD), cervical erector spinae (CES), upper trapezius (UT) and lower trapezius (LT). The intervention condition showed significantly decreased activity of all muscles. Fatigue of all muscles, except LT, significantly increased over time compared to the start point in the control condition. There was no significant difference in muscle fatigue between each time point in the intervention condition. In conclusion, the ergonomic arm support prototype device can be used as ergonomic intervention to reduce neck and shoulder muscle loading and fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weerasak Tapanya
- Research Center in Back, Neck, Other Joint Pain and Human Performance, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Rungthip Puntumetakul
- Research Center in Back, Neck, Other Joint Pain and Human Performance, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
| | - Manida Swangnetr Neubert
- Research Center in Back, Neck, Other Joint Pain and Human Performance, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Program of Production Technology, Faculty of Technology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Torkamol Hunsawong
- Research Center in Back, Neck, Other Joint Pain and Human Performance, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Rose Boucaut
- University of South Australia: Allied Health and Human Performance, iCAHE (International Centre for Allied Health Evidence), Adelaide, Australia
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Fiebert I, Kistner F, Gissendanner C, DaSilva C. Text neck: An adverse postural phenomenon. Work 2021; 69:1261-1270. [PMID: 34366308 DOI: 10.3233/wor-213547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The excessive use of hand-held mobile devices (HHMD) leads to a postural phenomenon known as text neck. OBJECTIVE The aim of this paper is to discuss the anatomical, biomechanical and muscle activation changes within the cervical and thoracic regions associated with the sustained, forward, flexed neck posture, observed with excessive usage of hand-held mobile devices. Additionally, this paper examines the relationship of gender, as well as the effects of carrying backpack loads by youth, on this forward, flexed neck posture. METHODS Multiple aspects of the text neck position that occur when an individual uses a HHMD are described. RESULTS Prolonged use of hand-held mobile devices results in adverse anatomical and biomechanical changes in the cervical and thoracic spine, muscular imbalances, and postural compensations, all of which contribute to muscular overuse and fatigue resulting in pain. CONCLUSIONS Physical therapists must educate their patients about proper posture while using hand-held mobile devices. Proper posture includes: holding the device close to eye level, using the device while standing or sitting and holding the device with a line of sight perpendicular to the surface of the device, using a larger screen, and texting with both hands. Also, because children are using hand held mobile devices at younger ages, parents and teachers must be educated about the dangers of prolonged use of hand-held devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ira Fiebert
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Fran Kistner
- School of Physical Therapy, MCPHS University, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Christine Gissendanner
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Christopher DaSilva
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Coral Gables, FL, USA
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Tapanya W, Puntumetakul R, Swangnetr Neubert M, Boucaut R. Influence of neck flexion angle on gravitational moment and neck muscle activity when using a smartphone while standing. ERGONOMICS 2021; 64:900-911. [PMID: 33428546 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2021.1873423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study compares the effects of different neck flexion angles on neck gravitational moment and muscle activity of users that stand and operate a smartphone. Thirty-two healthy young adult smartphone users performed texting tasks for three minutes at four different neck flexion angles (0°, 15°, 30°, and 45°) while standing. Neck gravitational moment and cervical erector spinae (CES) and upper trapezius (UT) activity were investigated. When the neck flexion angle increased, the gravitational moment of the neck increased significantly. The muscle activity of CES significantly increased when the neck flexion angle increased, whereas that of UT decreased. The lowest gravitational moment of the neck at 0° flexion was consistent with the lowest CES muscle activity and the lowest neck discomfort score. In conclusion, for texting while standing, adults should maintain their neck posture at 0° flexion to reduce the gravitational force acting on the cervical spine and alleviate neck discomfort. Practitioner Summary: During smartphone use when standing, excessive neck flexion (30° and 45° flexion) should be avoided. The suggested neck posture when operating a smartphone while standing is 0° flexion. Abbreviations: CES: cervical erector spinae; UT: upper trapezius; COG: centre of gravity; MSDs: musculoskeletal disorders; CROM: cervical range of motion; sEMG: surface electromyography; VAS: visual analogue scale; MVCs: maximum voluntary contractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weerasak Tapanya
- School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Research Center in Back, Neck, Other Joint Pain and Human Performance (BNOJPH), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Rungthip Puntumetakul
- School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Research Center in Back, Neck, Other Joint Pain and Human Performance (BNOJPH), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Manida Swangnetr Neubert
- Research Center in Back, Neck, Other Joint Pain and Human Performance (BNOJPH), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Production Technology, Faculty of Technology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Rose Boucaut
- University of South Australia: Allied Health and Human Performance, iCAHE (International Centre for Allied Health Evidence), Adelaide, Australia
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Foltran-Mescollotto F, Gonçalves ÉB, Castro-Carletti EMD, Oliveira AB, Pelai EB, Rodrigues-Bigaton D. Smartphone addiction and the relationship with head and neck pain and electromiographic activity of masticatory muscles. Work 2021; 68:633-640. [PMID: 33612508 DOI: 10.3233/wor-203398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive use of smartphones may be associated with behavioral and physical health changes and might cause musculoskeletal alterations in the head and neck region. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prevalence of smartphone addiction in college students and its correlation with symptoms of head and neck pain and masticatory and trapezius muscle activity while resting, before and after smartphone use. METHODS Twenty university students participated in the study. They answered the Smartphone Addiction Scale and the Fonseca Anamnestic Index. Next, the participants were seated and prepared for electromyography through the placement of surface electrodes on the masseter, temporal, and trapezius muscles. Rest condition data were collected for 10 seconds before and after 30 minutes of smartphone use. RESULTS The results showed that 35% of the evaluated individuals were classified as smartphone addicted and 35% reported no head or neck pain in the previous 30 days. There was no association between smartphone use and head and neck pain. In the electromyography, there was an increase in RMS values after smartphone use in the right and left masseter muscles and the left trapezius. CONCLUSION College students presented a high prevalence of smartphone addiction and head and neck pain, but these were not statistically associated. There was a change in muscle activity only in the right trapezius muscles before and after 30 minutes of smartphone use. These findings are contrary to the current belief that the use of smartphones correlates with pain in the neck region and changes in the electrical muscle activity, leading to fatigue in the cervical muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ana Beatriz Oliveira
- Laboratory of Clinical and Occupational Kinesiology, Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, UFSCar, Sao Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elisa Bizetti Pelai
- Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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Li R, Jiang Q. A photogrammetric method for the measurement of three-dimensional cervical range of motion. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 2021; 26:685-695. [PMID: 34125694 DOI: 10.1109/jbhi.2021.3089254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Cervical spondylosis has gradually become a high-incidence disease in today's society. The cervical range of motion (CROM) is widely used as the evaluation criterion of cervical status, whereas the existing methods of CROM measuring are not humanized enough. Consequently, the purpose of this study was to develop a novel photogrammetric method to assess three-dimensional CROM. Three smartphone cameras were controlled to simultaneously capture three-direction photographs of the subject wearing the special designed device with three mark lines. The obtained photographs were uploaded to PC and the mark lines in each photograph were extracted by utilizing both the Radon transform and the Hough transform. By calculating and combining the tilt angles of three mark lines, the CROM of subject was indirectly determined. The performance of our method was compared with the goniometer-based method: the inter-instrument reliability was excellent for all six cervical movements with intraclass correlation coefficients>0.99; the degree of agreement between the two methods was high with Pearson's coefficients>0.98; and the Bland-Altman plots also revealed the validity of our method. Moreover, the concept of cervical motion curve was put forward to describe the movement track of neck in order to reflect the cervical health status. The proposed approach is feasible, automatic and convenient for the measurement of CROM and the generated cervical motion curve can intuitively exhibit the trajectory of neck. This technique that can easily acquire the biomedical information of cervical spine has tremendous potential in the diagnosis, healthcare and wellness management of neck.
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Toth E, Pesce A, Tartaglia G, Russo GM, Inghilleri M, Caruso R. The beneficial effect of physiotherapy on the cervical spine mobility of ACDF patients and healthy individuals: An original observational cohort comparison research protocol. INTERDISCIPLINARY NEUROSURGERY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inat.2020.101058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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İkinci Keleş A, Uzun Şahin C. Exposure to electromagnetic field, cell phone use behaviors, SAR values, and changes in health following exposure in adolescent university students. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2021; 79:139-148. [PMID: 33759981 DOI: 10.1590/0004-282x-anp-2020-0283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of technological devices is growing rapidly, and the use of cell phones increases in parallel. Dependence on technological devices is a particular factor in this increased exposure. Many studies have been performed on this electromagnetic field, but no definite conclusions have been drawn. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this research was to investigate exposure to electromagnetic field, cell phone use behaviors, the specific absorption rate (SAR) values, and changes in health occurring after exposure in university students. METHODS A questionnaire was administered to 1,019 volunteer students aged 18-24 years at the Niğde Ömer Halisdemir and Recep Tayip Erdoğan Universities in 2018-2019. The questions were based on a survey of the literature. RESULTS The students spent an average 4-8 hours per day on their cell phones, and findings such as headache (p=0.002), concentration deficit (p=0.001), tiredness on waking in the morning (p=0.001), hyperactivity (p=0.001), general feeling of fatigue (p=0.001), and lethargy (p=0.001) increased in a statistically significant manner with length of use. CONCLUSIONS Participants exhibited high levels of cell phone use and experienced biological, behavioral, and sleep problems. They also had very little knowledge about specific SAR values, an important criterion concerning cell phones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşe İkinci Keleş
- Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Niğde, Turkey
| | - Ceyda Uzun Şahin
- Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Department of Vocational School of Health Services, Rize, Turkey
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Hürer C, Angın E, Tüzün EH. Effectiveness of clinical Pilates and home exercises in sagittal cervical disorientation: randomized controlled study. J Comp Eff Res 2021; 10:365-380. [PMID: 33706543 DOI: 10.2217/cer-2020-0186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To compare effects of clinical Pilates and home exercises on postural disorders, strength and endurance of deep cervical flexors (DCF), cervical range of motion (CROM), pain intensity and functional disability in sagittal cervical disorientation. Patients & methods: Fourty six patients were included and divided into two groups. Clinical Pilates group performed stabilization based exercise and home exercise group performed conventional exercises. Results: Craniovertebral, head tilt, cervicothoracic angles and strength and endurance of DCF muscles had improvement in favor of clinical Pilates group (p < 0.05). There was no difference between groups in terms of right-left acromial distance, pain intensity, functional disability and CROM parameters (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Clinical Pilates exercises have been found to provide clinically significant improvements in craniovertebral, head tilt, cervicothoracic angles and strength and endurance of DCF muscles. However, in the increase of CROM, decreasing pain severity and functional impairment parameters there was no superiority of both exercise training. Clinical trial registration number: NCT03352921 (Clinicaltrials.gov).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cemaliye Hürer
- Physiotherapy & Rehabilitation Faculty, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ender Angın
- Department of Physiotherapy & Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta 99628, Cyprus
| | - Emine Handan Tüzün
- Department of Physiotherapy & Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta 99628, Cyprus
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Mustafaoglu R, Yasaci Z, Zirek E, Griffiths MD, Ozdincler AR. The relationship between smartphone addiction and musculoskeletal pain prevalence among young population: a cross-sectional study. Korean J Pain 2021; 34:72-81. [PMID: 33380570 PMCID: PMC7783853 DOI: 10.3344/kjp.2021.34.1.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In the literature, there have been debates as to whether smartphone use has negative effects on physical and mental health. The present study investigated the extent to which smartphone addiction impacts on musculoskeletal pain prevalence among university students. Methods The questionnaire consisted of three sections demographic information, the Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS), and the modified Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. Results A total of 249 participants were included in this cross-sectional study. The body parts that were reported with highest prevalence of musculoskeletal pain were the upper back (70.3%), neck (65.9%), and wrists/hands (68.7%). The SAS scores were correlated with duration of smartphone use on a typical day (P = 0.001), duration of owning a smartphone (P = 0.027), and musculoskeletal pain prevalence in the neck (P = 0.001), wrists/hands (P = 0.001), shoulders (P = 0.025), and upper back (P = 0.023). The SAS score was significantly associated with prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in the neck (odd ratio [OR], 1.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.98-1.10; P = 0.002), wrists/hands (OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.97-1.09; P = 0.001), and upper back (OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 0.98-1.11; P = 0.033). Conclusions The findings indicated that the upper back, neck, and wrists/hands have a higher prevalence of musculoskeletal pain among smartphone users, particularly those with a smartphone addiction. Smartphone addiction scores were correlated with duration of smartphone use on a typical day, duration of owning smartphone, and musculoskeletal pain prevalence in the neck, wrists/hands, shoulders, and upper back.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rustem Mustafaoglu
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Division of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zeynal Yasaci
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Institute of Graduate Studies, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey.,Division of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Emrah Zirek
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Institute of Graduate Studies, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey.,Division of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bingol University, Bingol, Turkey
| | - Mark D Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Arzu Razak Ozdincler
- Division of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Biruni University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Khan A, Khan Z, Bhati P, Hussain ME. Influence of Forward Head Posture on Cervicocephalic Kinesthesia and Electromyographic Activity of Neck Musculature in Asymptomatic Individuals. J Chiropr Med 2020; 19:230-240. [PMID: 33536860 PMCID: PMC7835487 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcm.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to compare cervicocephalic kinesthesia and electromyographic (EMG) activity of neck muscles-upper trapezius (UT) and sternocleidomastoid (SCM)-between individuals with and without forward head posture (FHP) and to examine the correlation between cervicocephalic kinesthesia and craniovertebral angle (CVA). METHODS Twenty-two asymptomatic individuals with FHP and 22 without FHP were recruited for the present study. Craniovertebral angle was measured, and those with CVA ≤53° were assigned to the FHP group, whereas those with CVA >53° were assigned to the control group. Thereafter, cervicocephalic kinesthesia and EMG activity of the neck muscles were assessed. Cervicocephalic kinesthesia was measured using a head repositioning accuracy test for all cervical spine motions. EMG activity of the UT and SCM muscles was recorded at rest and during activity. RESULTS Position-sense error values were found to be significantly greater for all directions-ie, flexion, extension, side flexion, and rotation-in participants with FHP than those without (P < .05). EMG activity of the UT and SCM muscles was found to be significantly raised both at rest and during activity in individuals with FHP relative to the non-FHP group (P < .05). Position-sense error values showed a significant inverse correlation with CVA (P < .05). CONCLUSION Findings of the present study suggest that cervicocephalic kinesthesia and activation patterns of the neck muscles may be significantly altered in individuals with FHP. Also, cervicocephalic kinesthesia is significantly associated with the severity of FHP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arzoo Khan
- Centre for Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Zainy Khan
- Centre for Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Pooja Bhati
- Faculty of Physiotherapy, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - M. Ejaz Hussain
- Faculty of Physiotherapy, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Gurugram, Haryana, India
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Vahedi Z, Mazloumi A, Sharifnezhad A, Kazemi Z, Garosi E. Head forward flexion, lateral bending and viewing distance in smartphone users: A comparison between sitting and standing postures. Work 2020; 67:837-846. [PMID: 33104054 DOI: 10.3233/wor-203303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smartphones (SPs) are widely used by people of all age groups and genders. Users spend many hours per day on the SPs for different purposes, which imposes significant stress on their musculoskeletal system. OBJECTIVES This study explored head forward flexion, lateral bending angle, and viewing distance while working with a SP in sitting/standing postures and one-handed/two-handed grips. The users' performance as well as pain development were also investigated. METHODS Participants answered a questionnaire on pain experience before and after SP usage. Neck kinematics of 20 SP users were monitored by a motion analysis system while doing three tasks (typing, video watching, and reading) in sitting and standing postures. Performance was evaluated by number of typed words, amount of errors in typing, and total read words. RESULTS The results indicated a significant increase in pain complaints in neck and upper limbs after test completion. Working with SPs in sitting and standing postures were, respectively, associated with greater head forward flexion for watching and viewing distance for two-handed typing tasks. Higher left lateral bending values were measured for one-handed watching and reading tasks in standing posture. The performance measures were superior for two-handed grips in all conditions. CONCLUSIONS Overall, using SPs in sitting posture creates greater head forward flexion and lower lateral bending angles in all tasks and grip types. The findings of this study can be used to provide recommendations for SP users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Vahedi
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Adel Mazloumi
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Sharifnezhad
- Department of Sports Biomechanics, Sports Science Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Kazemi
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Garosi
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Wahba MM, Galal DOSM, Rehan Youssef A. Smartphone usage duration is not associated with increased pain or proprioception deficit in young adults with chronic mechanical low back pain: a cross-sectional study. BULLETIN OF FACULTY OF PHYSICAL THERAPY 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43161-020-00010-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Smartphone use has been associated with pain in the upper quadrant; however, the relationship between usage duration and low back pain is still unclear. This study investigated the association between continuous smartphone use up to 30-min and back pain severity and proprioception acuity in patients with chronic low back pain. Fifty-eight patients with chronic mechanical LBP played a game for 10- and 30-min. In each session, pain and back repositioning errors were measured at baseline and immediately after task completion.
Results
Pain significantly but slightly increased following smartphone use, regardless to the duration (after 10 min: mean increase = 0.75 ± 1.17, P value < 0.001, 95% CI 0.44–1.06; after 30 min: mean increase = 0.96 ± 1.93, P value < 0.001, 95% CI 0.44–1.46). However, changes in perceived pain scores were not significantly different between the two tested durations (P value = 0.42). Proprioception repositioning error was not significantly different within the same testing session (mean change = 0.08 ± 1.83, 0.13 ± 1.77, P value = 0.73, 0.58, 95% CI − 0.40–0.56, − 0.60–0.33, for the 10 and 30 min, respectively). The changes in proprioception were not significant between the two-tested durations (P value = 0.56). Further, smartphone addiction did not significantly affect changes in pain and proprioception after game playing, regardless of the duration (P > 0.05).
Conclusions
These findings show that smartphone use slightly increases back pain immediately after continuous use; with no effect on back proprioception within the duration tested in this study. Changes in pain and proprioception were not influenced by smartphone addiction.
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Szeto GPY, Tsang SMH, Dai J, Madeleine P. A field study on spinal postures and postural variations during smartphone use among university students. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2020; 88:103183. [PMID: 32678788 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2020.103183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This field study compared the real-time spinal movements and postural variations during smartphone-use versus non-use in university students. Ten males and eight females (mean age of 21.5 ± 2.6 years) participated, with similar daily phone use time between the two sexes. Five inertial motion sensors were attached to the cervical, thoracic and lumbar spinal regions, and kinematics was recorded for 3 h while participants went about their usual academic activities within the university campus. Significantly greater degrees of cervical and upper thoracic flexion were adopted during phone use versus non-use time (p < 0.01). There were also significantly greater frequency of postural variations (zero crossing per min) in all spinal regions in the sagittal plane (all p < 0.05), and in some of the movements in transverse and frontal planes comparing phone use vs non-use. The postural variables also showed some significant correlations with self-reported pre-existing neck and upper back pain scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace P Y Szeto
- School of Medical & Health Sciences, Tung Wah College, Hong Kong; Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong.
| | - Sharon M H Tsang
- School of Medical & Health Sciences, Tung Wah College, Hong Kong
| | - Jie Dai
- School of Medical & Health Sciences, Tung Wah College, Hong Kong
| | - Pascal Madeleine
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Denmark
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Shin Y, Han K, Lee YH. Temporal Trends in Cervical Spine Curvature of South Korean Adults Assessed by Deep Learning System Segmentation, 2006-2018. JAMA Netw Open 2020; 3:e2020961. [PMID: 33057644 PMCID: PMC7563081 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.20961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The loss of the physiologic cervical lordotic curve is a common degenerative disorder known to be associated with abnormal spinal alignment. However, the changing trends among sex and age groups has not yet been well established. OBJECTIVE To analyze the temporal trends in cervical curvature across sex and age groups using an automated deep learning system (DLS). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using lateral cervical radiographs of 13 691 individuals from January 1, 2006, to December 31, 2018. The degree of anterior vertical curvature was approximated by a DLS approach and convexity measurement method. This population-based study used the Yonsei University College of Medicine Severance Hospital, Seoul, South Korea, cohort database to identify 13 691 consecutive adults (≥18 years of age) who underwent standing lateral radiography in inpatient and outpatient settings. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The prevalence of kyphotic and straight cervical curve as well as the trends of degree of cervical curvature in 2006 to 2018 among sex and age groups were determined. The DLS performance was validated with quantitative metrics and compared with interobserver and intraobserver variations. RESULTS Automatic cervical spine segmentation was identified from lateral radiographs of 13 691 individuals (mean [SD] age, 49.9 [15.3] years; 8051 women [58.8%]). From 2006 to 2018, the decrease in the lordotic curve was significant across both sexes and age groups younger than 70 years, with the decrease more pronounced in women and successively younger generations (female, -0.05; 95% CI, -0.06 to -0.04; 18-29 years of age, -0.06; 95% CI, -0.08 to -0.04; 30-39 years of age, -0.06; 95% CI, -0.08 to -0.04; and 40-49 years of age, -0.05; 95% CI, -0.06 to -0.03; all P < .001). The prevalence of straight and kyphotic curvature had a significant increasing trend for both sexes and young generations, in which individuals 18 to 29 years of age generally had the highest prevalence rates during the study cycle (in 2018, kyphosis, 16.7%; 95% CI, 10.8%-22.5%; straight, 45.5%; 95% CI, 37.7%-53.3%). Similar trends were observed with longitudinal analysis of repeated measures of individuals, with more pronounced decreases in lordotic curvature observed among women and young adults. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This study suggests a significant, increasing loss of normal cervical lordotic curvature for both sexes and young adults that is greater in progressively younger cohorts and women. Further research is necessary to evaluate associations between neck pain and loss of cervical curvature and address the need for active promotion and practical interventions aimed at neck posture correction.
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Affiliation(s)
- YiRang Shin
- Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Center for Clinical Imaging Data Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyunghwa Han
- Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Center for Clinical Imaging Data Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Han Lee
- Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Center for Clinical Imaging Data Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Influence of smartphone use on the median frequency of mastigatory and trapezius muscles in women - a Pilot study. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2020; 24:69-73. [PMID: 32507155 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2019.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The use of smartphones is growing every year, and their excessive use can cause adverse physical and mental effects. AIM This study aimed to evaluate the influence of smartphone use on the median frequency of the masticatory muscles and upper trapezius muscles in healthy women. METHOD Six healthy young women were evaluated. All the volunteers underwent a submaximal bite test to evaluate their masticatory muscles. In addition, the volunteers underwent a test for bilateral shoulder elevation to a submaximal load to evaluate their upper trapezius muscles. Both protocols were performed before and after a task using the smartphone for 30 min. Median frequency (MF) values were collected during the submaximal bite and submaximal shoulder elevation tests. RESULTS Data were analyzed using specific statistical tests. A statistically significant reduction in the MF for all the masticatory muscles was observed in the bilateral bite task when comparing pre and post smartphone use (p < 0.005). A significant reduction in the MF was also found for the right upper trapezius when comparing pre and post smartphone use in the shoulder elevation task (p = 0.001). CONCLUSION It appears that prolonged smartphone use may contribute to fatigue in the masticatory and upper trapezius muscles. Therefore, guidelines for smartphone users should include advice on the moderate use of this device.
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Yalcinkaya G, Sengul Salik Y, Buker N. The effect of calling duration on cervical joint repositioning error angle and discomfort in university students. Work 2020; 65:473-482. [PMID: 32116268 DOI: 10.3233/wor-203102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The time spent on mobile phone during daytime is increasing with the rapid life-style in young population for different purposes such as texting, calling etc. and the younger population is more dependent on networking with them. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to compare joint repositioning error angle in the cervical region between groups with regard to their daily calling duration on smartphone and to determine the relationship between daily calling duration and potential cervical pain and disability. METHODS Sixty-three university students were included in the study. Participants were divided concerning to their durations of daily calling durations on smartphones. The joint-repositioning-error sense, craniovertebral angle, cervicothoracic muscle strength, and endurance of neck flexors were measured and potential pain and disability levels were assessed. RESULTS University students who spending twenty minutes or more for calling on smartphone daily had significantly higher joint repositioning error sense. Additionally, it was determined that there was fair relationship between the daily calling time on smartphone and potential neck pain and disability. CONCLUSIONS The prolonged calling duration on smartphone could affect cervical joint repositioning error sense in university students. This might be related to potential discomfort on cervical region in the further period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamze Yalcinkaya
- Institute of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Yesim Sengul Salik
- School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Nurullah Buker
- Institute of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
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Netanely S, Luria S, Langer D. Musculoskeletal disorders among dental hygienist and students of dental hygiene. Int J Dent Hyg 2020; 18:210-216. [DOI: 10.1111/idh.12428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shifra Netanely
- Occupational Therapy Department Hadassah‐Hebrew University Medical Center Jerusalem Israel
| | - Shai Luria
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery Hadassah‐Hebrew University Medical Center Jerusalem Israel
| | - Danit Langer
- School of Occupational Therapy Hadassah and Hebrew University Jerusalem Israel
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Thongtipmak S, Buranruk O, Eungpinichpong W, Konharn K. Immediate Effects and Acceptability of an Application-Based Stretching Exercise Incorporating Deep Slow Breathing for Neck Pain Self-management. Healthc Inform Res 2020; 26:50-60. [PMID: 32082700 PMCID: PMC7010943 DOI: 10.4258/hir.2020.26.1.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study evaluated the immediate effects and acceptability of a smartphone application named NeckProtector to promote neck pain self-management through stretching incorporating deep slow breathing, among smartphone users with neck pain. Methods One-hundred participants were recruited in the study. Participants were divided into two groups by block randomized allocation. The researchers gave the NeckProtector application to all participants for acceptability testing by navigation of the application for 20–30 minutes. Next, the treatment group (n = 50) conducted the exercise program via smartphone application for 15–20 minutes, while the control group (n = 50) rested for 20 minutes. Evaluations were performed at baseline and after intervention for pain intensity, muscle tension, pressure pain threshold (PPT), and cervical range of motion (CROM). Quantitative and qualitative feedback was then obtained by an acceptability survey and open-ended questionnaires. Results The immediate effects showed statistically significant improvements in pain intensity, muscle tension, PPT, and CROM in the treatment group in comparison to the control group. Participants reported a high level of acceptability through ratings on a Likert scale. The qualitative questionnaires received positive responses that the application was easy to use and the exercise program was useful to cope with neck pain. Conclusions NeckProtector can be an alternative treatment for neck pain self-management via smartphone application among smartphone users with neck pain. Further studies should examine the long-term effectiveness (Clinical trials registry: TCTR20160523001).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadudee Thongtipmak
- Research Center in Back, Neck, Other Joint Pain and Human Performance (BNOJPH), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, School of Physical Therapy, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Orawan Buranruk
- Research Center in Back, Neck, Other Joint Pain and Human Performance (BNOJPH), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, School of Physical Therapy, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Wichai Eungpinichpong
- Research Center in Back, Neck, Other Joint Pain and Human Performance (BNOJPH), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, School of Physical Therapy, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Kurusart Konharn
- Research Center in Back, Neck, Other Joint Pain and Human Performance (BNOJPH), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, School of Physical Therapy, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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Radwan NL, Ibrahim MM, Mahmoud WSED. Evaluating hand performance and strength in children with high rates of smartphone usage: an observational study. J Phys Ther Sci 2020; 32:65-71. [PMID: 32082032 PMCID: PMC7008026 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.32.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] This study investigated the interaction effects between the levels of
smartphone use and hand dominance on handgrip, pinch strengths, and functional hand
performance in children. [Participants and Methods] A total of 60 children aged between 9
and 15 were assigned into two groups: Group A (high-frequency smartphone users) and Group
B (low-frequency smartphone users). Use levels were determined according to the smartphone
addiction scale-short version. A hand dynamometer and pinch gauge were used to measure
handgrip and pinch strength respectively. Functions of the upper extremity and hand were
scored using the Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand questionnaire.
[Results] Group A participants had reduced measurements in hand grip and pinch strength,
especially in the dominant hand. However, Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and
Hand scores indicated that hand function was decreased in the dominant hand whether the
child was a high- or low-frequency smartphone user. [Conclusion] Results indicated that
high levels of smartphone use diminished hand and pinch-grip strengths as well as and hand
function. That is, hand and pinch-grip strengths were reduced in the dominant hands of
high-frequency smartphone users. However, hand functions were affected in the dominant
hands among both high and low-level smartphone users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia L Radwan
- Department of Biomechanics, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Egypt.,Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University: Riyadh, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwa M Ibrahim
- Department of Physical Therapy for Growth and Development Disorders in Children and Its Surgery, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Egypt.,Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University: Riyadh, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Salah El-Din Mahmoud
- Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University: Riyadh, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Egypt
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Mach A, Demkow-Jania M, Klimkiewicz A, Jakubczyk A, Abramowska M, Kuciak A, Serafin P, Szczypiński J, Wojnar M. Adaptation and Validation of the Polish Version of the 10-Item Mobile Phone Problematic Use Scale. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:427. [PMID: 32581858 PMCID: PMC7283544 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological use of smartphones may be the biggest non-drug addiction of the 21st century. Therefore, rapid screening tools designed for easy identification of people with problematic mobile phone use are needed. The main aim of the present study was to validate a short version of the Mobile Phone Problematic Use Scale (MPPUS-10) in the Polish population. The study comprised 640 university students aged 18-38 years. We used a self-report questionnaire that included questions regarding socio-demographic variables and Polish versions of the Mobile Phone Problem Use Scale (MPPUS-10), Mobile Phone Addiction Assessment Questionnaire (MPAAQ in Polish KBUTK), and Internet Addiction Test (IAT) by Kimberly Young. The analysis showed high reliability for the final Polish version of MPPUS-10 (Cronbach's α = 0.78) and confirmed a significant correlation between the MPPUS-10 and the MPAAQ, which was previously used in Poland (rho = 0.56; p < 0.001). Due to the poor correlation of item number 10 with other items, we suggest dropping this item and using the nine-item Polish version. Our result also confirmed significant correlation between the MPPUS-10 and the IAT (rho = 0.54; p < 0.001). The contribution of the study is the Polish validation and adaptation of the MPPUS-10 scale with confirmed psychometric values. It provides a quick and convenient screening tool to assess problematic mobile phone use. Our results also indicate the need for a revision of available diagnostic tools in Poland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Mach
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Nowowiejski Psychiatric Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Anna Klimkiewicz
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Nowowiejski Psychiatric Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Jakubczyk
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Nowowiejski Psychiatric Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Anna Kuciak
- Polish Society for Prevention of Drug Abuse, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Jan Szczypiński
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Laboratory of Brain Imaging, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Wojnar
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Nowowiejski Psychiatric Hospital, Warsaw, Poland.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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Cho J, Lee E, Lee S. Upper cervical and upper thoracic spine mobilization versus deep cervical flexors exercise in individuals with forward head posture: A randomized clinical trial investigating their effectiveness. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2019; 32:595-602. [PMID: 30584118 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-181228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although commonly utilized treatments, no study has directly compared the effectiveness of joint mobilization and stabilization exercise in individuals with forward head posture (FHP). OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the effects of upper cervical and upper thoracic spine mobilization versus deep cervical flexors exercise (DCFE) in individuals with FHP. METHODS Thirty-one participants with FHP were randomized into the mobilization (n= 15) or exercise (n= 16) group. The treatment period was 4 weeks with follow-up assessment at 4 weeks and 6 weeks after the initial examination. Outcomes assessed included the craniovertebral angle (CVA), numeric pain rating scale (NPRS), respiratory function, and the global rating of change (GRC). RESULTS Participants in the mobilization group demonstrated significant improvements (p< 0.05) in CVA, NPRS, and respiratory function, as compared to those in the exercise group. In addition, 9 of 15 (60%) participants in the mobilization group, as compared to 4 of 16 participants (25%) in the exercise group, had a GRC score of +4 or higher. CONCLUSIONS The combination of upper cervical and upper thoracic spine mobilization indicated better overall short-term outcomes in CVA, NPRS, respiratory function, and GRC compared with DCFE in individuals with FHP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juchul Cho
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Sahmyook University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wellciti Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Eunsang Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Sahmyook University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seungwon Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, Sahmyook University, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
Objective To assess the impact of repetitive movements of the thumb caused by playing a smartphone game continuously for 30 min. Methods This study recruited healthy volunteers. They were instructed to play a game called Subway Surfers, which ran continuously. Subjects played the game for 30 min. The function of the abductor pollicis brevis and extensor pollicis brevis muscles was assessed by surface electromyography and the signals were obtained at 10 min, 20 min and 30 min. The median frequency (MDF) was used as an indicator of muscle fatigue. A visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to assess the subjective discomfort of the volunteers. Results Twelve subjects participated in this study. The MDF of the abductor pollicis brevis and extensor pollicis brevis muscles decreased significantly over the test period. The MDF of the extensor pollicis brevis had decreased significantly by 10 min after the start of the gaming session, while the abductor pollicis brevis had decreased significantly by 20 min. The VAS scores significantly increased after 30 min of continuous gaming. Conclusions This study suggests that playing continuous games on a smartphone might result in chronic muscle injury. Continuous gaming time should be kept below 20 minutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huihui Wu
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Engineering Research Centre of Digital Medicine and Clinical Translation, Ministry of Education of P. R. China, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongyun Gu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,School of Biomedical Engineering & Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Engineering Research Centre of Digital Medicine and Clinical Translation, Ministry of Education of P. R. China, Shanghai, China
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Wang Y, Zhou H, Yang Z, Samuel OW, Liu W, Cao Y, Li G. An intelligent wearable device for human's cervical vertebra posture monitoring. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2019; 2018:3280-3283. [PMID: 30441092 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2018.8512896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Long-term abnormal cervical curvature may lead to irreversible pathological changes in the cervical spine and cause serious paralysis. However, early abnormal cervical curvature can be corrected via cervical vertebra posture monitoring and therapeutic intervention. Therefore, for physicians, an effective monitoring system is necessary for detecting the patient's disease as early as possible. The main purpose of this study is to develop a wearable intelligent system to monitor cervical postures using a single tri-axis accelerometer. This system has a small size and lower power consumption can be easily worn for long-term. In order to evaluate the performance of the developed device, first, we used our prototype to classify seven different neck postures. The obtained results across five participants indicated that the average classification accuracy are 100% for each postures. Furthermore, our proposed device could distinguish four different cervical curvature levels according to pitch angles in the sagittal plane of body. Moreover, it could record the length of time during which neck posture is maintained at each cervical curvature levels, which is regarded as an important indicator for evaluating patients' neck status in clinical practice. Finally, we have developed a mobile application software and installed it in a smart phone to enable physicians monitor the status of patients' neck on-line with ease and achieve remote diagnosis.
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Almomani F, Alghwiri AA, Alghadir AH, Al-Momani A, Iqbal A. Prevalence of upper limb pain and disability and its correlates with demographic and personal factors. J Pain Res 2019; 12:2691-2700. [PMID: 31564961 PMCID: PMC6735537 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s198480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The present study aimed to assess the prevalence of upper limb pain and disability and to investigate potentially correlated factors among university students in Jordan. Methods This was a cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey study that was conducted among university students. The upper limb pain and disability were assessed by the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) outcome questionnaire. The DASH outcome questionnaire was distributed to 2100 students from the population of 2 public and 2 private universities in the north of Jordan. Demographic and personal information were collected. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and linear regression analysis. Results A total of 1929 DASH outcome questionnaires were returned, with a high response rate of 91.86%. The age of the subjects was between 18–28 years (52% male; 48% female). The majority of subjects (85.2%) used at least one smartphone. The majority of them had been using a smartphone for more than 5 years. The prevalence of upper limb pain and disability among university students was 24%. Several factors were found to be significantly connected with upper limb pain and disability among university students, such as smartphone use, computer use, the presence of musculoskeletal problems, not living with their families, using public transport (bus), and daily housekeeping. Conclusion The results of this study can be used globally to promote the health and well-being of university students, improve their academic performance and future career. Identifying high-risk groups will assist in early identifications and prevention programs for upper limb pain and disability among university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fidaa Almomani
- Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Alia A Alghwiri
- School of Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ahmad H Alghadir
- Rehabilitation Research Chair, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Amir Iqbal
- Rehabilitation Research Chair, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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