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Pires PVB, Sousa EBDE, Gomes AL, Cunha CJS, Tavares VBDAC, Pinheiro SCC, Carneiro BS, Melo NFACDE. Effect of seasonality and estuarine waters on the phytoplankton of the Guamá River (Belém, Amazon, Brazil). AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2024; 96:e20220413. [PMID: 38597497 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202420220413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the application of the Phytoplankton Community Index-PCI and Functional Groups-FG in determining the water quality of the Guamá River (Pará, Amazônia, Brazil). Samplings occurred monthly for analyses of phytoplankton and physical and chemical parameters, for two years, at the station where water was collected for human supply consumption. Seasonality influenced electrical conductivity, total suspended solids, dissolved oxygen, transparency, winds, true color, and N-ammoniacal. The ebb tide showed high turbidity and suspended solids. The density varied seasonally with the highest values occurring in September and December (61.1 ind mL-1 and 60.2 ind mL-1, respectively). Chlorophyll-a was more elevated in December (21.0 ± 4.7 µg L-1) and chlorophyll-c higher in relation to clorophyll- b indicated the dominance of diatoms. Functional Group P prevailed in the study months. Through the PCI índex the waters of Guamá River varied from reasonable to excellent and the TSI ranged from oligo to mesotrophic. The use of Functional Groups proved to be a promising tool in the determination of water quality since it covered the most abundant species in the Environment, but the PCI is not adequate to characterize Amazonian white-waters rivers, which have diatoms as the leading dominant group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Vitoria B Pires
- Instituto Evandro Chagas, Seção de Meio Ambiente, Rod. BR-316 Km 7, s/n, Leivilândia, 67030-000 Ananindeua, PA, Brazil
| | - Eliane B DE Sousa
- Instituto Evandro Chagas, Seção de Meio Ambiente, Rod. BR-316 Km 7, s/n, Leivilândia, 67030-000 Ananindeua, PA, Brazil
| | - Aline L Gomes
- Instituto Evandro Chagas, Seção de Meio Ambiente, Rod. BR-316 Km 7, s/n, Leivilândia, 67030-000 Ananindeua, PA, Brazil
| | - Celly Jenniffer S Cunha
- Instituto Evandro Chagas, Seção de Meio Ambiente, Rod. BR-316 Km 7, s/n, Leivilândia, 67030-000 Ananindeua, PA, Brazil
| | - Vanessa B DA Costa Tavares
- Instituto Evandro Chagas, Seção de Meio Ambiente, Rod. BR-316 Km 7, s/n, Leivilândia, 67030-000 Ananindeua, PA, Brazil
| | - Samara Cristina C Pinheiro
- Instituto Evandro Chagas, Seção de Meio Ambiente, Rod. BR-316 Km 7, s/n, Leivilândia, 67030-000 Ananindeua, PA, Brazil
| | - Bruno S Carneiro
- Instituto Evandro Chagas, Seção de Meio Ambiente, Rod. BR-316 Km 7, s/n, Leivilândia, 67030-000 Ananindeua, PA, Brazil
| | - Nuno Filipe A C DE Melo
- Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Instituto Socioambiental e dos Recursos Hídricos, Estr. Principal da Ufra, 2150, Curió Utinga, 66077-830 Belém, PA, Brazil
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Siriarchawatana P, Harnpicharnchai P, Phithakrotchanakoon C, Kitikhun S, Mayteeworakoon S, Chunhametha S, Eurwilaichitr L, Ingsriswang S. Elucidating potential bioindicators from insights in the diversity and assembly processes of prokaryotic and eukaryotic communities in the Mekong River. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 243:117800. [PMID: 38056615 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Drivers for spatio-temporal distribution patterns of overall planktonic prokaryotes and eukaryotes in riverine ecosystems are generally not fully understood. This study employed amplicon metabarcoding to investigate the distributions and assembly mechanisms of bacterial and eukaryotic communities in the Mekong River. The prevailing bacteria taxa were found to be Betaproteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes, while the dominant eukaryotic organisms were cryptophytes, chlorophytes, and diatoms. The community assemblages were influenced by a combination of stochastic and deterministic processes. Drift (DR) and dispersal limitation (DL), signifying the stochastic mechanism, were the main processes shaping the overall prokaryotic and eukaryotic communities. However, homogeneous selection (HoS), indicating deterministic mechanism, played a major role in the assembly process of core prokaryotic communities, especially in the wet season. In contrast, the core eukaryotic communities including Opisthokonta, Sar, and Chlorophyta were dominated by stochastic processes. The significance of HoS within prokaryotic communities was also found to exhibit a decreasing trend from the upstream sampling sites (Chiang Saen and Chiang Khan, Nong Khai) towards the downstream sites (Mukdahan, and Khong Chiam) of the Mekong River. The environmental gradients resulting from the site-specific variations and the gradual decrease in elevation along the river may have a potential influence on the role of HoS in community assembly. Crucial environmental factors that shape the phylogenetic structure within distinct bins of the core prokaryotic communities including water depth, temperature, chloride, sodium, and sulphate were identified, as inferred by their correlation with the beta Net Relatedness Index (betaNRI) during the wet season. Overall, these findings enhance understanding of the complex mechanisms governing the spatio-temporal dynamics of prokaryotic and eukaryotic communities in the Mekong River. Finally, insights gained from this study could provide information on further use of specific core bacteria as microbial-based bioindicators that are effective for the assessment and conservation of the Mekong River ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paopit Siriarchawatana
- Thailand Bioresource Research Center (TBRC), National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Piyanun Harnpicharnchai
- Thailand Bioresource Research Center (TBRC), National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Chitwadee Phithakrotchanakoon
- Thailand Bioresource Research Center (TBRC), National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Supattra Kitikhun
- Thailand Bioresource Research Center (TBRC), National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Sermsiri Mayteeworakoon
- Thailand Bioresource Research Center (TBRC), National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Suwanee Chunhametha
- Thailand Bioresource Research Center (TBRC), National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Lily Eurwilaichitr
- National Energy Technology Center (ENTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Supawadee Ingsriswang
- Thailand Bioresource Research Center (TBRC), National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathumthani, Thailand.
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