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Vitorino LM, Tostes JG, Ferreira JCL, de Oliveira LAG, Possetti JG, Silva MT, Guimarães MVC, Alckmin-Carvalho F, Lucchetti G. Association between religiosity/spirituality and substance use among homeless individuals. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2024; 70:330-339. [PMID: 37982408 DOI: 10.1177/00207640231211495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol and illicit drug use are prevalent among homeless people. Religiosity and spirituality (RS) have been widely associated with lower consumption of substances. However, evidence of this relationship among homeless people is still scarce. AIMS To evaluate the associations between RS and alcohol and illicit drug consumption among homeless people in a large Brazilian urban center. METHOD This cross-sectional study was carried out in São Paulo city, Brazil. Aspects such as spirituality (FACIT-Sp12), religiosity (DUREL), spiritual-religious coping (Brief-RCOPE), and self-report questions concerning the current substance use (alcohol and illicit substances) were evaluated. Adjusted logistic regression models were used to assess the impact of RS beliefs on alcohol and illicit drug consumption. RESULTS A total of 456 homeless people were included, of an average age of 44.5 (SD = 12.6) years. More than half of the participants consumed alcohol (55.7%) weekly and 34.2% used illicit drugs weekly. Adjusted logistic regression models identified that aspects of RS were associated with lower likelihood factors for alcohol and illicit drug use; conversely, negative spiritual religious coping (SRC) strategies were associated with a higher likelihood to use both. CONCLUSION The prevalence of alcohol and illicit drug use among participants was high. RS and positive SRC were important protective factors for lower consumption of these substances. Conversely, negative SRC strategies were associated with risk factors.
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Donnadieu H, Quillet C, D'Ottavi M, Castellani J, Debellefontaine A, Guichard S, Baglioni R, Langendorfer N, Faucherre V, Hanslik B, Tuaillon E, Laureillard D, Nagot N. Community-based respondent-driven sampling as a strategy for drug use surveillance in a large French urban area. Harm Reduct J 2023; 20:82. [PMID: 37386636 DOI: 10.1186/s12954-023-00814-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding drug use and behavior within the PWUD population is crucial to adapt harm reduction and prevention strategies, and provide improved addiction and medical treatment. However, in most countries such as France, the knowledge of drug use behaviors is likely biased as it originates from addiction centers which are attended by only an unknown proportion of PWUD. The objectives of this study were to describe drug use behavior in a population of active PWUD in the urban area of Montpellier, South of France. METHODS We implemented a community-based respondent-driven sampling survey (RDSS), a validated strategy to obtain a representative sample of a population, to recruit PWUD in the city. Adult individuals reporting frequent psychoactive drug use other than cannabis, with confirmation by urine test, were eligible. Beside HCV and HIV testing, trained peers interviewed participants on their drug consumption and behavior using standardized questionnaires. Fifteen seeds launched the RDSS. RESULTS During the 11 weeks of the RDSS, 554 actives PWUD were consecutively included. They were mostly men (78.8%), had a median age of 39 years, and only 25.6% had a stable living place. On average, participants consumed 4.7 (± 3.1) different drugs, and 42.6% smoked free-base cocaine. Unexpectedly, heroin and methamphetamine were consumed by 46.8% and 21.5% of participants, respectively. Among the 194 participants injecting drugs, 33% declared sharing their equipment. CONCLUSION This RDSS highlighted a high consumption of heroin, crack and methamphetamine in this PWUD population. These unexpected results can be explained by low attendance to addiction centers, the source of drug use reports. Despite free care and risk reduction equipment in the city, sharing was very frequent among injectors, challenging the current program of harm reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Donnadieu
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Montpellier University Hospital, 80 Rue Augustin Fliche, 34090, Montpellier, France.
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Etablissement Français du Sang, INSERM, University of Antilles-Guyane, University of Montpellier, 60 Rue de Navacelles, 34394, Montpellier, France.
| | - Catherine Quillet
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Etablissement Français du Sang, INSERM, University of Antilles-Guyane, University of Montpellier, 60 Rue de Navacelles, 34394, Montpellier, France
| | - Morgana D'Ottavi
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Etablissement Français du Sang, INSERM, University of Antilles-Guyane, University of Montpellier, 60 Rue de Navacelles, 34394, Montpellier, France
| | - Joëlle Castellani
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Etablissement Français du Sang, INSERM, University of Antilles-Guyane, University of Montpellier, 60 Rue de Navacelles, 34394, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne Debellefontaine
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Etablissement Français du Sang, INSERM, University of Antilles-Guyane, University of Montpellier, 60 Rue de Navacelles, 34394, Montpellier, France
- AXESS, Harm Reduction Center, SOS Solidarités, 66 Avenue Charles Flahaut, 34090, Montpellier, France
| | - Sylvain Guichard
- Association of Marginality and Drug Addiction (AMT), 10 Boulevard Victor Hugo, 34000, Montpellier, France
| | - René Baglioni
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Montpellier University Hospital, 80 Rue Augustin Fliche, 34090, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Langendorfer
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Montpellier University Hospital, 80 Rue Augustin Fliche, 34090, Montpellier, France
| | - Vincent Faucherre
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Montpellier University Hospital, 80 Rue Augustin Fliche, 34090, Montpellier, France
| | - Bertrand Hanslik
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Montpellier University Hospital, 80 Rue Augustin Fliche, 34090, Montpellier, France
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Etablissement Français du Sang, INSERM, University of Antilles-Guyane, University of Montpellier, 60 Rue de Navacelles, 34394, Montpellier, France
| | - Didier Laureillard
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Etablissement Français du Sang, INSERM, University of Antilles-Guyane, University of Montpellier, 60 Rue de Navacelles, 34394, Montpellier, France
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Caremeau University Hospital, Place du Professeur Robert Debré, 30029, Nîmes, France
| | - Nicolas Nagot
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Etablissement Français du Sang, INSERM, University of Antilles-Guyane, University of Montpellier, 60 Rue de Navacelles, 34394, Montpellier, France
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Santarém VA, do Couto AC, Lescano SZ, Roldán WH, Delai RR, Giuffrida R, Kmetiuk LB, Biondo AW, Dangoudoubiyam S, Dos Santos AP. Serosurvey of anti-Toxocara canis antibodies in people experiencing homelessness and shelter workers from São Paulo, Brazil. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:373. [PMID: 36253837 PMCID: PMC9574839 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05499-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite being one of the most prevalent helminth parasitic zoonoses worldwide and particularly in socioeconomically vulnerable populations, toxocariasis remains to be fully investigated in persons experiencing homelessness. Accordingly, the present study has aimed to assess the seroprevalence and associated risk factors of Toxocara spp. exposure in persons experiencing homelessness and shelter workers from a day-shelter in São Paulo city, Brazil. METHODS Anti-Toxocara IgG antibodies were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were performed to assess the risks for toxocariasis. RESULTS Overall, anti-Toxocara IgG antibodies were detected in 89/194 (45.9%, 95% CI: 39.0-52.9%) persons experiencing homelessness, twice as high (OR = 2.2; 95% CI = 1.245-3.873; P = 0.0089) than the frequency of 22/79 (27.8%, 95% CI: 19.2-38.6) in shelter workers. College education was the only protective factor for Toxocara spp. exposure (OR: 0.23; P = 0.018) revealed by logistic regression. CONCLUSIONS Although indicating a multifactorial origin of toxocariasis, the present study has assessed a highly vulnerable population with high disease risks and premature death. Thus, the living conditions of the homeless population have influenced the high prevalence of anti-Toxocara antibodies verified here compared with domiciled shelter workers. Despite being less exposed, shelter and other outdoor workers may present an occupational risk to toxocariasis. Future studies should establish whether such environmental exposure might occur in persons experiencing homelessness in other regions worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vamilton Alvares Santarém
- Graduate College in Animal Sciences, University of Western São Paulo (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente, SP, 19050-920, Brazil
| | - Anahi Chechia do Couto
- Graduate College of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, 81531-970, Brazil
| | - Susana Zevallos Lescano
- Institute of Tropical Medicine of São Paulo, University of São Paulo, Butantã, SP, 05403-000, Brazil
| | - William Henry Roldán
- Institute of Tropical Medicine of São Paulo, University of São Paulo, Butantã, SP, 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Ruana Renostro Delai
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, 80035-050, Brazil
| | - Rogério Giuffrida
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Louise Bach Kmetiuk
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Alexander Welker Biondo
- Graduate College of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, 81531-970, Brazil. .,Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, 80035-050, Brazil. .,Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
| | - Sriveny Dangoudoubiyam
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Andrea Pires Dos Santos
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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Indicadores de boas práticas em saúde para a população de rua: revisão de escopo. ACTA PAUL ENFERM 2022. [DOI: 10.37689/acta-ape/2022ar004766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Alecrim TFDA, Palha PF, Ballestero JGDA, Protti-Zanatta ST. Advisory teams on the streets: A nurse's experience report. Rev Esc Enferm USP 2022; 56:e20220026. [PMID: 35876463 PMCID: PMC10081623 DOI: 10.1590/1980-220x-reeusp-2022-0026en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report a nurse's work experience with the street medical consultation teams in the city of São Paulo/SP Brazil. METHOD Descriptive, experience report study, which describes the care for homeless people, from a nurse's perspective and experience. RESULTS Among the attributions of the nurses working with the street medical consultation teams, there are the accurate knowledge of the territory, the ability to build bonds, the performance of diagnoses of health and epidemiological conditions, the planning of the team's actions, the establishment of integration flows with the Health Care Network, the knowledge and understanding about the people ending up on the streets, the supervision of the actions of nursing assistants and community health agents. CONCLUSION Acting as a nurse on the street medical consultation team is a new and challenging experience that requires dynamic, strategic, creative, and empathic actions. The presence of nurses in the Street Medical Consultation teams contributes to ensuring access to health services and comprehensive care, expanding the possibilities of early detection, treatment, monitoring, and healing of chronic and infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pedro Fredemir Palha
- Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento Materno-Infantil e Saúde Pública, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Scholze AR, Alves JD, Berra TZ, Ramos ACV, Pieri FM, Pillon SC, Martins JT, Galdino MJQ, Melo EC, Delpino FM, Tártaro AF, Fronteira I, Arcêncio RA. Tuberculosis among People Living on the Street and Using Alcohol, Tobacco, and Illegal Drugs: Analysis of Territories in Extreme Vulnerability and Trends in Southern Brazil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19137721. [PMID: 35805377 PMCID: PMC9265499 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19137721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: Tuberculosis presents an epidemiological trend toward inequality, especially among people in social exclusion and situations of vulnerability. This study aimed to analyze territories with a concentration of people diagnosed with tuberculosis in a street situation and who partake in chronic use of alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drugs. We also analyzed trends in this health condition in southern Brazil. (2) Methods: Ecological study, developed in the 399 municipalities of Paraná, southern Brazil, with all tuberculosis cases in the homeless population registered in the Information System of Notifiable Diseases between 2014 and 2018. For data analysis, we used descriptive statistics, the Prais–Winsten autoregression method for the time series, and the Getis-Ord Gi technique* for spatial analysis. (3) Results: in total, 560 cases were reported. We found a predominance of alcohol, smoking, and illicit drug users, with an increasing trend in the state and clusters of spatial risk in the East health macro-region. (4) Conclusions: We observed territories with critical levels of highly vulnerable people who use psychoactive substances and are in a street situation. The results highlight the importance of incorporating public policies of social protection for these individuals and resolutive health services that receive these cases and assist in eradicating TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Rolim Scholze
- Department of Maternal-Infant and Public Health Nursing, Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, Brazil; (T.Z.B.); (A.C.V.R.); (F.M.D.); (A.F.T.); (R.A.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-(43)-99602-8846
| | - Josilene Dália Alves
- Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças 78605-091, Brazil;
| | - Thaís Zamboni Berra
- Department of Maternal-Infant and Public Health Nursing, Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, Brazil; (T.Z.B.); (A.C.V.R.); (F.M.D.); (A.F.T.); (R.A.A.)
| | - Antônio Carlos Vieira Ramos
- Department of Maternal-Infant and Public Health Nursing, Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, Brazil; (T.Z.B.); (A.C.V.R.); (F.M.D.); (A.F.T.); (R.A.A.)
| | - Flávia Meneguetti Pieri
- Department of Nursing, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (F.M.P.); (J.T.M.)
| | - Sandra Cristina Pillon
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Human Sciences, Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, Brazil;
| | - Júlia Trevisan Martins
- Department of Nursing, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (F.M.P.); (J.T.M.)
| | - Maria José Quina Galdino
- Department of Nursing, State University of Northern Paraná, Bandeirantes 86360-000, Brazil; (M.J.Q.G.); (E.C.M.)
| | - Emiliana Cristina Melo
- Department of Nursing, State University of Northern Paraná, Bandeirantes 86360-000, Brazil; (M.J.Q.G.); (E.C.M.)
| | - Felipe Mendes Delpino
- Department of Maternal-Infant and Public Health Nursing, Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, Brazil; (T.Z.B.); (A.C.V.R.); (F.M.D.); (A.F.T.); (R.A.A.)
| | - Ariela Fehr Tártaro
- Department of Maternal-Infant and Public Health Nursing, Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, Brazil; (T.Z.B.); (A.C.V.R.); (F.M.D.); (A.F.T.); (R.A.A.)
| | - Inês Fronteira
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, University Nova de Lisboa, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Ricardo Alexandre Arcêncio
- Department of Maternal-Infant and Public Health Nursing, Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, Brazil; (T.Z.B.); (A.C.V.R.); (F.M.D.); (A.F.T.); (R.A.A.)
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Drug Use among the Elderly Assisted by the Psychosocial Assistance Center in District Federal-Brasilia. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10060989. [PMID: 35742040 PMCID: PMC9222728 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10060989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The inadequate and abusive usage of psychoactive substances is something real that affects Brazil’s elderly population, and it is a huge challenge for the public health system and its professionals. Aware of the social impact involving the use of illegal drugs, in 2002, the Ministry of Health instituted a network of psychosocial assistance as a strategy to deal with the problem. This study carried out an analysis of the profile of use of legal and illegal drugs by the elderly who are assisted by the network of psychosocial assistance in the Federal District. A quantitative and analytical study with secondary data collection, using patient records held in the CAPS-AD in the Federal District. The inclusion criteria were people of 60 and over who were users of alcohol and other drugs and who sought assistance at CAPS-AD between 2000 and 2017. A total of 408 medical records were analyzed concerning social demographic variations, types of rehabilitation services sought, types of substances consumed, associations between drugs consumed, time of consumption, and adherence to the treatment. Most of the elderly users were male (85.3%), on average 64 ± 4.42 years old. Regarding the drugs consumed, the highest quantity was for illegal substances (76%), compared to the legal ones (23%). No significant difference was found between males (OR = 1.1) and females (OR = 0.74) regarding the use or abuse of multiple drugs. The elderly used both legal and illegal drugs for a long period of time, with low adherence to the treatment, and alcohol consumption among the elderly prevailed above the other psychoactive substances.
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Fernandes Silva E, de Oliveira VMC, Monteiro CFDS, da Silva A, Carvalho MSM, Magalhães RDLB. Tracking the pattern of alcohol consumption among homeless people. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/14659891.2022.2064347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alice da Silva
- Nursing Department, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
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Alecrim TFDA, Palha PF, Ballestero JGDA, Protti-Zanatta ST. Equipes de consultório na rua: relato de experiência de uma enfermeira. Rev Esc Enferm USP 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1980-220x-reeusp-2022-0026pt] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO Objetivo: Relatar a experiência acerca da atuação da/o enfermeira/o junto às equipes de consultório na rua no município de São Paulo/SP Brasil. Método: Estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência, que descreve o cuidado às pessoas em situação de rua, a partir do olhar e da vivência de uma enfermeira. Resultados: Dentre as atribuições das/os enfermeiras/os que atuavam junto às equipes de consultório na rua, destacavam-se o conhecimento acurado do território, habilidade para construção de vínculos, realização de diagnósticos das condições de saúde e epidemiológico, planejamento das ações da equipe, estabelecimento de fluxos de integração junto à Rede de Assistência à Saúde, conhecimento e compreensão sobre a chegada das pessoas às ruas, supervisão das ações dos auxiliares de enfermagem e agentes comunitários de saúde. Conclusão: Atuar como enfermeira/o na equipe de consultório na rua é uma experiência nova e desafiadora que requer dos profissionais ações dinâmicas, estratégicas, criativas e empáticas. A presença de enfermeiras/os nas equipes de Consultório na Rua contribui para a garantia do acesso aos serviços de saúde e cuidado integral, amplia as possibilidades de detecção precoce, tratamento, acompanhamento e a cura de agravos crônicos e infectocontagiosos.
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