1
|
Teillet C, Devillers R, Tran A, Catry T, Marti R, Dessay N, Rwagitinywa J, Restrepo J, Roux E. Exploring fine-scale urban landscapes using satellite data to predict the distribution of Aedes mosquito breeding sites. Int J Health Geogr 2024; 23:18. [PMID: 38972982 PMCID: PMC11229250 DOI: 10.1186/s12942-024-00378-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The spread of mosquito-transmitted diseases such as dengue is a major public health issue worldwide. The Aedes aegypti mosquito, a primary vector for dengue, thrives in urban environments and breeds mainly in artificial or natural water containers. While the relationship between urban landscapes and potential breeding sites remains poorly understood, such a knowledge could help mitigate the risks associated with these diseases. This study aimed to analyze the relationships between urban landscape characteristics and potential breeding site abundance and type in cities of French Guiana (South America), and to evaluate the potential of such variables to be used in predictive models. METHODS We use Multifactorial Analysis to explore the relationship between urban landscape characteristics derived from very high resolution satellite imagery, and potential breeding sites recorded from in-situ surveys. We then applied Random Forest models with different sets of urban variables to predict the number of potential breeding sites where entomological data are not available. RESULTS Landscape analyses applied to satellite images showed that urban types can be clearly identified using texture indices. The Multiple Factor Analysis helped identify variables related to the distribution of potential breeding sites, such as buildings class area, landscape shape index, building number, and the first component of texture indices. Models predicting the number of potential breeding sites using the entire dataset provided an R² of 0.90, possibly influenced by overfitting, but allowing the prediction over all the study sites. Predictions of potential breeding sites varied highly depending on their type, with better results on breeding sites types commonly found in urban landscapes, such as containers of less than 200 L, large volumes and barrels. The study also outlined the limitation offered by the entomological data, whose sampling was not specifically designed for this study. Model outputs could be used as input to a mosquito dynamics model when no accurate field data are available. CONCLUSION This study offers a first use of routinely collected data on potential breeding sites in a research study. It highlights the potential benefits of including satellite-based characterizations of the urban environment to improve vector control strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claire Teillet
- ESPACE-DEV, Univ Montpellier, IRD, Univ Guyane, Univ Reunion, Univ Antilles, Univ Avignon, Maison de la Télédétection, 500 rue Jean‑François Breton, Montpellier Cedex, F‑34093, France.
| | - Rodolphe Devillers
- ESPACE-DEV, Univ Montpellier, IRD, Univ Guyane, Univ Reunion, Univ Antilles, Univ Avignon, Maison de la Télédétection, 500 rue Jean‑François Breton, Montpellier Cedex, F‑34093, France
| | - Annelise Tran
- CIRAD, UMR TETIS, Maison de la Télédétection, 500 rue Jean‑François Breton, Montpellier, Cedex, F‑34093, France
- TETIS, Univ Montpellier, AgroParisTech, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, Maison de la Télédétection, 500 rue Jean‑François Breton, Montpellier, Cedex, F‑34093, France
| | - Thibault Catry
- ESPACE-DEV, Univ Montpellier, IRD, Univ Guyane, Univ Reunion, Univ Antilles, Univ Avignon, Maison de la Télédétection, 500 rue Jean‑François Breton, Montpellier Cedex, F‑34093, France
| | - Renaud Marti
- TETIS, Univ Montpellier, AgroParisTech, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, Maison de la Télédétection, 500 rue Jean‑François Breton, Montpellier, Cedex, F‑34093, France
| | - Nadine Dessay
- ESPACE-DEV, Univ Montpellier, IRD, Univ Guyane, Univ Reunion, Univ Antilles, Univ Avignon, Maison de la Télédétection, 500 rue Jean‑François Breton, Montpellier Cedex, F‑34093, France
| | - Joseph Rwagitinywa
- Direction de la Démoustication, Collectivité Territoriale de Guyane (CTG), 4179 Route de Montabo, Cayenne, Guyane française, 97300, France
| | - Johana Restrepo
- Direction de la Démoustication, Collectivité Territoriale de Guyane (CTG), 4179 Route de Montabo, Cayenne, Guyane française, 97300, France
| | - Emmanuel Roux
- ESPACE-DEV, Univ Montpellier, IRD, Univ Guyane, Univ Reunion, Univ Antilles, Univ Avignon, Maison de la Télédétection, 500 rue Jean‑François Breton, Montpellier Cedex, F‑34093, France.
- International Joint laboratory Sentinela, FIOCRUZ, UnB, IRD, Maison de la Télédétection, 500 rue Jean‑François Breton, Montpellier, Cedex, F‑34093, France.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Supreme C, Damus O, Frederick J, Lemoine JF, Raccurt C, McBeath J, Mirzai N, Ogoma SB, Corbel V, Impoinvil D, Killeen GF, Czeher C. Entomological assessment of hessian fabric transfluthrin vapour emanators as a means to protect against outdoor-biting Aedes after providing them to households for routine use in Port-au-Prince, Haiti. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298919. [PMID: 38805442 PMCID: PMC11132518 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A simple treated fabric device for passively emanating the volatile pyrethroid transfluthrin was recently developed in Tanzania that protected against nocturnal Anopheles and Culex mosquitoes for several months. Here these transfluthrin emanators were assessed in Port-au-Prince, Haiti against outdoor-biting Aedes. METHODS Transfluthrin emanators were distributed to participating households in poor-to-middle class urban neighbourhoods and evaluated once every two months in terms of their effects on human landing rates of wild Aedes populations. A series of three such entomological assessment experiments were conducted, to examine the influence of changing weather conditions, various transfluthrin formulations and emanator placement on protective efficacy measurements. Laboratory experiments assessed resistance of local Aedes aegypti to transfluthrin and deltamethrin, and the irritancy and repellency of the transfluthrin-treated fabric used in the field. RESULTS Across all three entomological field assessments, little evidence of protection against wild Ae. aegypti was observed, regardless of weather conditions, transfluthrin formulation or emanator placement: A generalized linear mixed model fitted to the pooled data from all three assessment rounds (921 females caught over 5129 hours) estimated a relative landing rate [95% Confidence interval] of 0.87 [0.73, 1.04] for users of treated versus untreated emanators (P = 0.1241). Wild Ae. aegypti in this setting were clearly resistant to transfluthrin when compared to a fully susceptible colony. CONCLUSIONS Transfluthrin emanators had little if any apparent effect upon Aedes landing rates by wild Ae. aegypti in urban Haiti, and similar results have been obtained by comparable studies in Tanzania, Brazil and Peru. In stark contrast, however, parallel sociological assessments of perspectives among these same end-users in urban Haitian communities indicate strong satisfaction in terms of perceived protection against mosquitoes. It remains unclear why the results obtained from these complementary entomological and sociological assessments in Haiti differ so much, as do those from a similar set of studies in Brazil. It is encouraging, however, that similar contrasts between the entomological and epidemiological results of a recent large-scale assessment of another transfluthrin emanator product in Peru, which indicate they provide useful protection against Aedes-borne arboviral infections, despite apparently providing only modest protection against Aedes mosquito bites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Joseph Frederick
- Programme National de Contrôle de la Malaria, Ministère de la Santé Publique et de la Population, Port-au-Prince, Republic of Haiti
| | - Jean-Frantz Lemoine
- Programme National de Contrôle de la Malaria, Ministère de la Santé Publique et de la Population, Port-au-Prince, Republic of Haiti
| | | | - Justin McBeath
- Envu UK Ltd, Cambridge, Milton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nosrat Mirzai
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | - Vincent Corbel
- Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Controle de Artrópodes Vetores (Laficave), Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Daniel Impoinvil
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Gerry F. Killeen
- Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara, Morogoro, United Republic of Tanzania
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Department of Vector Biology, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- School of Biological Earth & Environmental Sciences, Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Republic of Ireland
| | - Cyrille Czeher
- Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Entente Interdépartementale pour la Démoustication du Littoral Méditerranéen (EID Méditerranée), Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rodrigues GO, Pereira BGV, Pereira MAF, Trindade-Bezerra JM, Guimarães-E-Silva AS, Soares-Pinheiro VC, Soares-da-Silva J. Potential breeding containers of Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1894) at strategic points in a city in the eastern region of Maranhão. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 83:e275582. [PMID: 38055505 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.275582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Potential breeding containers for Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes are found in different environments, these places are considered by the National Dengue Control Program in Brazil as strategic points (SP), which have favorable conditions for the development of those insects. The aim of this study is to identify potential breeding containers for A. aegypti and A. albopictus at strategic points in the city of Codó, Maranhão. This study was conducted in five districts, one in each administrative area of the city. A survey of the types and quantity of existing strategic points in each neighborhood was carried out, and surveys of these properties were carried out to inspect the potential breeding containers, with the collection of the vectors' number of immatures found at them. 125 properties were inspected of which 76.91% and 81.25% were vacant lots in the dry and rainy seasons, respectively. There was a difference between the median of the different strategic points (H = 21.96; p < 0.0001), For A. aegypti, there was no difference between the medians of number of immatures regarding the strategic points (H = 3.71; p = 0.28). The total number of immature A. albopictus was higher in vacant lots than in workshops (H = 9.41; p = 0.02, p < 0.05). 4,356 and 4,911 potential breeding containers were found in the dry and rainy seasons, respectively. Regarding the potential breeding containers, 7 (0.16%) and 47 (0.96%) were found with immature vectors, in the dry and rainy seasons, respectively. There were more positive containers in the rainy season for which there was a difference between the median of the number of mosquitoes per positive container (H = 15.66; p = 0.01), the number of immatures for the tires group was greater than Vases and Fixed groups (p < 0.05); the same result was observed in the analyses of the species in the separate form. The impressive number of potential breeding containers found in the SP in both seasons highlights the importance of developing control strategies for these vectors, with emphasis on places such as vacant lots, workshops, tire shops and junkyards, which are serving as dispersal urban sites of vectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G O Rodrigues
- Universidade Federal do Maranhão - UFMA, Centro de Ciências de Codó - CCCO, Coordenação do Curso de Licenciatura Interdisciplinar em Ciências Naturais, Grupo de Pesquisa de Controle de Insetos Vetores, Codó, MA, Brasil
| | - B G V Pereira
- Universidade Federal do Maranhão - UFMA, Centro de Ciências de Codó - CCCO, Coordenação do Curso de Licenciatura Interdisciplinar em Ciências Naturais, Grupo de Pesquisa de Controle de Insetos Vetores, Codó, MA, Brasil
| | - M A F Pereira
- Universidade Federal do Maranhão - UFMA, Centro de Ciências de Codó - CCCO, Coordenação do Curso de Licenciatura Interdisciplinar em Ciências Naturais, Grupo de Pesquisa de Controle de Insetos Vetores, Codó, MA, Brasil
| | - J M Trindade-Bezerra
- Universidade Estadual do Maranhão - UEMA, Curso de Licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas, Lago da Pedra, MA, Brasil
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Parasitologia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Parasitologia, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
- Universidade Estadual do Maranhão - UEMA, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Animal, São Luís, MA, Brasil
| | - A S Guimarães-E-Silva
- Universidade Estadual do Maranhão - UEMA, Programa de Biodiversidade, Ambiente e Saúde - PPGBAS, Laboratório de Entomologia Médica - LABEM, Curso de Licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas, Caxias, MA, Brasil
| | - V C Soares-Pinheiro
- Universidade Estadual do Maranhão - UEMA, Programa de Biodiversidade, Ambiente e Saúde - PPGBAS, Laboratório de Entomologia Médica - LABEM, Curso de Licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas, Caxias, MA, Brasil
| | - J Soares-da-Silva
- Universidade Federal do Maranhão - UFMA, Centro de Ciências de Codó - CCCO, Coordenação do Curso de Licenciatura Interdisciplinar em Ciências Naturais, Grupo de Pesquisa de Controle de Insetos Vetores, Codó, MA, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Coalson JE, Richard DM, Hayden MH, Townsend J, Damian D, Smith K, Monaghan A, Ernst KC. Aedes aegypti abundance in urban neighborhoods of Maricopa County, Arizona, is linked to increasing socioeconomic status and tree cover. Parasit Vectors 2023; 16:351. [PMID: 37807069 PMCID: PMC10560435 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-05966-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding coupled human-environment factors which promote Aedes aegypti abundance is critical to preventing the spread of Zika, chikungunya, yellow fever and dengue viruses. High temperatures and aridity theoretically make arid lands inhospitable for Ae. aegypti mosquitoes, yet their populations are well established in many desert cities. METHODS We investigated associations between socioeconomic and built environment factors and Ae. aegypti abundance in Maricopa County, Arizona, home to Phoenix metropolitan area. Maricopa County Environmental Services conducts weekly mosquito surveillance with CO2-baited Encephalitis Vector Survey or BG-Sentinel traps at > 850 locations throughout the county. Counts of adult female Ae. aegypti from 2014 to 2017 were joined with US Census data, precipitation and temperature data, and 2015 land cover from high-resolution (1 m) aerial images from the National Agricultural Imagery Program. RESULTS From 139,729 trap-nights, 107,116 Ae. aegypti females were captured. Counts were significantly positively associated with higher socioeconomic status. This association was partially explained by higher densities of non-native landscaping in wealthier neighborhoods; a 1% increase in the density of tree cover around the trap was associated with a ~ 7% higher count of Ae. aegypti (95% CI: 6-9%). CONCLUSIONS Many models predict that climate change will drive aridification in some heavily populated regions, including those where Ae. aegypti are widespread. City climate change adaptation plans often include green spaces and vegetation cover to increase resilience to extreme heat, but these may unintentionally create hospitable microclimates for Ae. aegypti. This possible outcome should be addressed to reduce the potential for outbreaks of Aedes-borne diseases in desert cities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenna E Coalson
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
| | - Danielle M Richard
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Mary H Hayden
- Lyda Hill Institute for Human Resilience, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, CO, USA
| | - John Townsend
- Maricopa County, Environmental Services Department, Vector Control Division, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Dan Damian
- Maricopa County, Environmental Services Department, Vector Control Division, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Kirk Smith
- Maricopa County, Environmental Services Department, Vector Control Division, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | | | - Kacey C Ernst
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dalvi APR, Gibson G, Ramos AN, Bloch KV, de Sousa GDS, da Silva TLN, Braga JU, Castro MC, Werneck GL. Sociodemographic and environmental factors associated with dengue, Zika, and chikungunya among adolescents from two Brazilian capitals. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0011197. [PMID: 36928657 PMCID: PMC10047540 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the emerging and reemerging arboviral diseases, Zika, dengue and chikungunya deserve special attention due to their wide geographical distribution and clinical severity. The three arboviruses are transmitted by the same vector and can present similar clinical syndromes, bringing challenges to their identification and register. Demographic characteristics and individual and contextual social factors have been associated with the three arboviral diseases. However, little is known about such associations among adolescents, whose relationships with the social environment are different from those of adult populations, implying potentially different places, types, and degrees of exposure to the vector, particularly in the school context. This study aims to identify sociodemographic and environmental risk factors for the occurrence of Zika, dengue, and chikungunya in a cohort of adolescents from the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents-ERICA-in the cities of Rio de Janeiro/RJ and Fortaleza/CE, from January 2015 to March 2019. Cases were defined as adolescents with laboratory or clinical-epidemiological diagnosis of Zika, dengue, or chikungunya, notified and registered in the Information System for Notifiable Diseases (SINAN). The cases were identified by linkage between the databases of the ERICA cohort and of SINAN. Multilevel Cox regression was employed to estimate hazard ratios (HR) as measures of association and respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). In comparison with adolescents living in lower socioeconomic conditions, the risk of becoming ill due to any of the three studied arboviral diseases was lower among those living in better socioeconomic conditions (HR = 0.43; 95%CI: 0.19-0.99; p = 0.047) and in the adolescents who attended school in the afternoon period (HR = 0.17; 95%CI: 0.06-0.47; p<0.001). When compared to areas whose Building Infestation Index (BII) for Aedes aegypti was considered satisfactory, a BII in the school region classified as "alert" and "risk" was associated with a higher risk of arboviral diseases (HR = 1.62, 95%CI: 0.98-2.70; p = 0.062; HR = 3.72, 95%CI: 1.27-10.9; p = 0.017, respectively). These findings indicate that living in less favored socioeconomic conditions, attending school in the morning, and having a high BII for Ae. aegypti in school's region can contribute to an increased risk of infection by Zika, dengue, or chikungunya in adolescents. The identification of residential or school areas based on those variables can contribute to the implementation of control measures in population groups and priority locations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Razal Dalvi
- Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, (Ensp/Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gerusa Gibson
- Public Health Institute–IESC, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro–UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alberto Novaes Ramos
- Postgraduate Program in Public Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil, and Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Katia V. Bloch
- Public Health Institute–IESC, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro–UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - José Ueleres Braga
- Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, (Ensp/Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Epidemiology, Social Medicine Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcia C. Castro
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Guilherme Loureiro Werneck
- Public Health Institute–IESC, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro–UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Epidemiology, Social Medicine Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Arduino MDB, Serpa LLN, Rangel O, dos Santos GV. Evaluation of superabsorbent polymer (SAP) in oviposition traps used in the integrated control of Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1894) (Diptera:Culicidae). Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2023; 56:S0037-86822023000100304. [PMID: 36700604 PMCID: PMC9870281 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0337-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Egg collection traps have been studied to assist in the integrated control of arbovirus vectors. Many enhancements have been made over the years. METHODS This study evaluated the use of a hydrated superabsorbent polymer (SAP) in the egg collection of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in ovitraps. An experiment was conducted in the laboratory to determine the minimum concentration of the product to be used in traps in the field to prevent the development of larvae into adults. In the field, the use of polymers has been evaluated using a traditional model of ovitraps. The positive ovitrap index and mean number of eggs per trap indicator were calculated. RESULTS In the laboratory, the larvae did not successfully develop to the adult stage, even at the lowest SAP concentration. In the field, the results showed that ovitraps with SAP proved to be effective for egg collection from both species. It was possible to identify sites with the highest concentration of species and expose the ovitraps for a longer period without larval development. CONCLUSIONS There is a need for studies on the adequacy of this technology for control programs. However, the results showed that ovitraps with hydrogel were potentiated to capture eggs, configuring themselves as another tool for vector control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marylene de Brito Arduino
- Instituto Pasteur do Estado de São Paulo, Laboratório de Biologia e Ecologia de Vetores, Unidade Taubaté, SP, Brasil
| | - Ligia Leandro Nunes Serpa
- Instituto Pasteur do Estado de São Paulo, Laboratório de Biologia e Ecologia de Vetores, Unidade Taubaté, SP, Brasil
| | - Osias Rangel
- Instituto Pasteur do Estado de São Paulo, Controle de Vetores, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - Guilherme Vieira dos Santos
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia e Saúde Pública, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Dong B, Khan L, Smith M, Trevino J, Zhao B, Hamer GL, Lopez-Lemus UA, Molina AA, Lubinda J, Nguyen USDT, Haque U. Spatio-temporal dynamics of three diseases caused by Aedes-borne arboviruses in Mexico. COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE 2022; 2:134. [PMID: 36317054 PMCID: PMC9616936 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-022-00192-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The intensity of transmission of Aedes-borne viruses is heterogeneous, and multiple factors can contribute to variation at small spatial scales. Illuminating drivers of heterogeneity in prevalence over time and space would provide information for public health authorities. The objective of this study is to detect the spatiotemporal clusters and determine the risk factors of three major Aedes-borne diseases, Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), Dengue virus (DENV), and Zika virus (ZIKV) clusters in Mexico. Methods We present an integrated analysis of Aedes-borne diseases (ABDs), the local climate, and the socio-demographic profiles of 2469 municipalities in Mexico. We used SaTScan to detect spatial clusters and utilize the Pearson correlation coefficient, Randomized Dependence Coefficient, and SHapley Additive exPlanations to analyze the influence of socio-demographic and climatic factors on the prevalence of ABDs. We also compare six machine learning techniques, including XGBoost, decision tree, Support Vector Machine with Radial Basis Function kernel, K nearest neighbors, random forest, and neural network to predict risk factors of ABDs clusters. Results DENV is the most prevalent of the three diseases throughout Mexico, with nearly 60.6% of the municipalities reported having DENV cases. For some spatiotemporal clusters, the influence of socio-economic attributes is larger than the influence of climate attributes for predicting the prevalence of ABDs. XGBoost performs the best in terms of precision-measure for ABDs prevalence. Conclusions Both socio-demographic and climatic factors influence ABDs transmission in different regions of Mexico. Future studies should build predictive models supporting early warning systems to anticipate the time and location of ABDs outbreaks and determine the stand-alone influence of individual risk factors and establish causal mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Dong
- Department of Computer Science, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080 USA
| | - Latifur Khan
- Department of Computer Science, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080 USA
| | - Madison Smith
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX USA
| | - Jesus Trevino
- Department of Urban Affiars at the School of Architecture, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, 66455 San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo Léon Mexico
| | - Bingxin Zhao
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Gabriel L. Hamer
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX USA
| | - Uriel A. Lopez-Lemus
- Department of Health Sciences, Center for Biodefense and Global Infectious Diseases, Colima, 28078 Mexico
| | - Aracely Angulo Molina
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Sonora, Hermosillo 83000 Sonora, Mexico
| | - Jailos Lubinda
- Telethon Kids Institute, Malaria Atlas Project, Nedlands, WA Australia
| | - Uyen-Sa D. T. Nguyen
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX USA
| | - Ubydul Haque
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Teixeira MG, Skalinski LM, Paixão ES, Costa MDCN, Barreto FR, Campos GS, Sardi SI, Carvalho RH, Natividade M, Itaparica M, Dias JP, Trindade SC, Teixeira BP, Morato V, Santana EB, Goes CB, Silva NSDJ, Santos CADST, Rodrigues LC, Whitworth J. Seroprevalence of Chikungunya virus and living conditions in Feira de Santana, Bahia-Brazil. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009289. [PMID: 33878115 PMCID: PMC8087031 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chikungunya is an arbovirus, transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, which emerged in the Americas in 2013 and spread rapidly to almost every country on this continent. In Brazil, where the first cases were detected in 2014, it currently has reached all regions of this country and more than 900,000 cases were reported. The clinical spectrum of chikungunya ranges from an acute self-limiting form to disabling chronic forms. The purpose of this study was to estimate the seroprevalence of chikungunya infection in a large Brazilian city and investigate the association between viral circulation and living condition. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We conducted a population-based ecological study in selected Sentinel Areas (SA) through household interviews and a serologic survey in 2016/2017. The sample was of 1,981 individuals randomly selected. The CHIKV seroprevalence was 22.1% (17.1 IgG, 2.3 IgM, and 1.4 IgG and IgM) and varied between SA from 2.0% to 70.5%. The seroprevalence was significantly lower in SA with high living conditions compared to SA with low living condition. There was a positive association between CHIKV seroprevalence and population density (r = 0.2389; p = 0.02033). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE The seroprevalence in this city was 2.6 times lower than the 57% observed in a study conducted in the epicentre of the CHIKV epidemic of this same urban centre. So, the herd immunity in this general population, after four years of circulation of this agent is relatively low. It indicates that CHIKV transmission may persist in that city, either in endemic form or in the form of a new epidemic, because the vector infestation is persistent. Besides, the significantly lower seroprevalences in SA of higher Living Condition suggest that beyond the surveillance of the disease, vector control and specific actions of basic sanitation, the reduction of the incidence of this infection also depends on the improvement of the general living conditions of the population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lacita Menezes Skalinski
- Instituto de Saúde Coletiva/ Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador-BA, Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde/ Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus-BA, Brazil
| | - Enny S. Paixão
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Gubio Soares Campos
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde/ Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador-BA, Brazil
| | - Silvia Ines Sardi
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde/ Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador-BA, Brazil
| | | | - Marcio Natividade
- Instituto de Saúde Coletiva/ Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador-BA, Brazil
| | - Martha Itaparica
- Instituto de Saúde Coletiva/ Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador-BA, Brazil
| | - Juarez Pereira Dias
- Instituto de Saúde Coletiva/ Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador-BA, Brazil
| | | | | | - Vanessa Morato
- Secretaria de Segurança Pública do Estado da Bahia, Salvador-BA, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jimmy Whitworth
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|