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Lemos MCF, Koifman RJ, Barbosa F, Saraceni V, Quadros E, Pinheiro RDN, Souza VCDO, Costa RSSD, Silva IFD. Blood levels of metallic chemical element exposure patterns and associated factors in a population living in an Industrial District in Brazil. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 85:127498. [PMID: 39024850 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
AIM to estimate the level of metallic chemical elements in the population living in the Steel company vicinity in Santa Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; and estimate the association between exposure to the Steel company and the blood metals concentrations patterns. METHOD A cross-sectional study was carried out on 463 individuals aged 18+ years old residing 1+ years in the Steel company vicinity. Mg, Be, Co, Ba, Ni, Cd, Al, and Pb were assessed in blood by DRC-ICP-MS. Metallic chemical element concentration patterns were obtained by exploratory factor analysis in the studied population. Exposure was set as the distance (Km) from each participant's residence to the Steel company in Santa Cruz, georeferenced by GPS. The outcome was set as the positive factor loadings in the factor analysis, including Mg and Be (Factor-1), Co, Ba, and Ni (Factor-2), Cd, Al, and Pb (Factor-4). Crude and adjusted OR, and their respective 95 %CI, were estimated to explore associations between independent variables and the exposures to metallic elements positively associated with the factors using polychotomous logistic regression. RESULTS A reduction of 19 % was found between each km distance from the residence and the Steel company and P50 concentration of Cd, Al, and Pb (ORP50=0.81; 95 %CI:0.67-0.97), after adjusting by age, sex, and smoking. No statistically significant associations were observed for the distance from residences and the Steel company, after adjusting for age, gender, having a domestic vegetable garden and chewing gum for Mg and Be concentrations (Factor-1) (ORP50=0.84; 95 %CI:0.70-1.01; ORP75=1.10; 95 %CI:0.91-1.34); nor for Co, Ba and Ni (Factor-2) blood concentrations(ORP50=1.10; 95 %CI:0.91-1.33; ORP75=1.03; 95 %CI:0.84-1.26), in the adjusted analysis. CONCLUSIONS For each Km distance from residences to the Steel company, a 19 % reduction in the risk of Cd, Al, and Pb blood concentration was observed in the population living in Santa Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Ferreira Lemos
- Graduate Program to Environmental Public Health, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Brazil.
| | - Rosalina Jorge Koifman
- Department of Epidemiology and Quantitative Methods in Health, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Brazil.
| | - Fernando Barbosa
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological, and Bromatological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto - FCFRP-USP, Brazil.
| | - Valéria Saraceni
- Superintendence of Health Surveillance, Municipal Health Secretariat of Rio de Janeiro (E.Q.), Brazil.
| | - Evanelza Quadros
- Superintendence of Health Surveillance, Municipal Health Secretariat of Rio de Janeiro (E.Q.), Brazil.
| | | | - Vanessa Cristina de Oliveira Souza
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological, and Bromatological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto - FCFRP-USP, Brazil.
| | - Rafaela Soares Senra da Costa
- Graduate Program to Environmental Public Health, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Brazil.
| | - Ilce Ferreira da Silva
- Department of Epidemiology and Quantitative Methods in Health, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Brazil.
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Rossi KA, Almenara CCP, Simões RP, Mulher LCCS, Krause M, Carneiro MTWD, Padilha AS. Short-term Effects of Cadmium Exposure on Blood Pressure and Vascular Function in Wistar Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:2645-2656. [PMID: 37697136 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03851-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Chronic cadmium exposure is known to be associated with vascular changes and increased blood pressure, but its short-term effects on the cardiovascular system remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the pressoric and vascular effects of a 7-day exposure to CdCl2 in Wistar rats. The rats were divided in control group (Ct), which received tap water, and the Cd group, which received a 100 mg/L CdCl2 solution via drinking water for 7 days. We analyzed body weight, plasma Cadmium concentration, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and vascular responses. Despite relatively low plasma Cadmium concentration, the Cd group exhibited elevated SBP and increased contractile response to phenylephrine. Endothelium removal and NOS inhibition increased contractions in both groups. In the Cd group's aorta, we observed enhanced levels of phospho-eNOS (Ser1177) and basal NO release. Cd group showed reduced Catalase expression and increased basal release of H2O2, with catalase reducing the contractile response. In arteries pre-contracted with phenylephrine, Cd group showed impaired endothelium-dependent (Acetylcholine) and independent (sodium nitroprussiate-SNP) relaxation responses. However, responses to SNP were similar after pre-contraction with KCl in both groups. These data suggest early effects of Cadmium on blood pressure and aortic function, indicating impaired H2O2-scavenging by catalase. Increased H2O2 due to Cadmium exposure might explain heightened responses to phenylephrine and weakened relaxation responses mediated by the NO-K+-channels pathway. Our findings shed light on Cadmium's short-term impact on the cardiovascular system, providing insights into potential mechanisms underlying its effects on blood pressure regulation and vascular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karoline Alves Rossi
- Physiological Sciences Post-Graduation Program, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil
| | | | - Rakel Passos Simões
- Physiological Sciences Post-Graduation Program, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil
| | | | - Maiara Krause
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil
| | | | - Alessandra Simão Padilha
- Physiological Sciences Post-Graduation Program, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Fisiológicas, CCS/UFES, Av. Marechal Campos, MaruípeVitoria, ES, 146829043-900, Brazil.
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Alcala-Orozco M, Caballero-Gallardo K, Olivero-Verbel J. Biomonitoring of Mercury, Cadmium and Selenium in Fish and the Population of Puerto Nariño, at the Southern Corner of the Colombian Amazon. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2020; 79:354-370. [PMID: 33025049 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-020-00761-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals threaten communities near biodiversity hotspots, as their protein sources come from the environment. This study assessed Hg, Cd, and Se concentrations in fish, as well as the magnitude of exposure and hematological conditions of adult citizens from Puerto Nariño (Colombian Amazon). Among fish samples, greater Hg concentrations were found in higher trophic level species, including Rhaphiodon vulpinus (880 ± 130 ng/g) and Pseudoplatystoma tigrinum (920 ± 87 ng/g). These species presented the highest hazard quotients and lowest Se:Hg molar ratios among those studied, showing their consumption represents a health risk to consumers. Moreover, some samples of Mylossoma duriventre and Prochilodus magdalenae had Cd levels greater than the regulated limit (100 ng/g). The average total Hg (T-Hg) concentrations in human hair and blood were 5.31 µg/g and 13.7 µg/L, respectively. All hair samples exceeded the 1.0 μg/g threshold set by the USEPA, whereas 93% of the volunteers had T-Hg blood levels greater than 5 μg/L, suggesting elevated exposure. The mean Cd level was 3.1 µg/L, with 21% of samples surpassing 5 µg/L, value at which mitigating actions should be taken. Eighty-four percent of participants presented Se deficiencies (<100 μg/L). There was a significant association between fish consumption and T-Hg in hair (ρ = 0.323; p = 0.032) and blood (ρ = 0.381; p = 0.011). In this last matrix, Se correlated with Cd content, whereas lymphocytes were inversely linked to Hg concentrations. The results of this study show that there is extensive exposure to Hg in fish, the consumption of which may promote detrimental impacts on hematology parameters within the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Alcala-Orozco
- Environmental and Computational Chemistry Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zaragocilla Campus, University of Cartagena, Zaragocilla Campus, 130015, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Karina Caballero-Gallardo
- Environmental and Computational Chemistry Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zaragocilla Campus, University of Cartagena, Zaragocilla Campus, 130015, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Jesus Olivero-Verbel
- Environmental and Computational Chemistry Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zaragocilla Campus, University of Cartagena, Zaragocilla Campus, 130015, Cartagena, Colombia.
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Naka KS, de Cássia Dos Santos Mendes L, de Queiroz TKL, Costa BNS, de Jesus IM, de Magalhães Câmara V, de Oliveira Lima M. A comparative study of cadmium levels in blood from exposed populations in an industrial area of the Amazon, Brazil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 698:134309. [PMID: 31783457 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Chemical pollution from industrial sources is one of the main problems affecting the environment. In urban areas, the emission of toxic gases and particulates to the atmosphere can damage human health. Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most ecotoxic metals among these pollutants, even at low concentrations. In this study, environmental exposure to Cd was evaluated from the Cd blood levels (CdB) of the human populations living in two Amazonian districts. The first was Bairro Industrial (BIN), which is located next to the industrial complex in Barcarena City, while the second was Vila do Beja (VBJ), a control group located in the farthest area from industrial activities in Abaetetuba City. Sectional and comparative studies were applied for both districts. Sampling (N = 469) occurred in 2012 and 2013. Gender, age, residence time, drinking water source, alcohol consumption, and smoking were used as independent variables. CdB levels were analyzed by induced coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). In BIN, geometric mean and median CdB levels were 0.27 and 0.43 μg∙L-1, respectively (range: ≤0.03-17.49 μg∙L-1), while in VBJ these were 0.19 and 0.23 μg∙L-1 (range: ≤0.03-2.38 μg∙L-1). The higher CdB concentration in the blood of people from BIN was similar to levels previously found in people living near other industrial areas, and showed that the BIN residents were more exposed to Cd pollution. The studies showed the need for surveillance actions to evaluate possible routes of exposure, avoiding the future worsening of the health of the population living next to industrial areas in the Amazon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karytta Sousa Naka
- Mestre em Epidemiologia e Vigilância em Saúde, Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC), Brazil; Seção de Meio Ambiente, Instituto Evandro Chagas (SAMAM/IEC), Brazil.
| | | | - Thaís Karolina Lisboa de Queiroz
- Mestre em Epidemiologia e Vigilância em Saúde, Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC), Brazil; Seção de Meio Ambiente, Instituto Evandro Chagas (SAMAM/IEC), Brazil
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Analysis of Blood Concentrations of Zinc, Germanium, and Lead and Relevant Environmental Factors in a Population Sample from Shandong Province, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14030227. [PMID: 28245579 PMCID: PMC5369063 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14030227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Trace elements, including zinc (Zn) and germanium (Ge), are essential for health; deficiency or excess levels of trace elements results is harmful. As a result of industrial and agricultural production, Pb widely exists in people’s living environment. It is absorbed mainly through the respiratory and digestive tracts, producing systemic harm. Reference values for a normal, healthy population are necessary for health assessment, prevention and treatment of related diseases, and evaluation of occupational exposures. Reference ranges for the Chinese population have not been established. From March 2009 to February 2010; we collected data and blood samples (n = 1302) from residents aged 6–60 years living in Shandong Province, China. We measured blood concentrations of Zn, Ge, and Pb using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to determine reference ranges. Results were stratified by factors likely to affect the concentrations of these trace elements: sex, use of cosmetics or hair dye, age, alcohol intake, smoking habits, and consumption of fried food. The overall geometric mean (GM) concentrations (95% confidence interval) were 3.14 (3.08–3.20) mg/L for Zn, 19.9 (19.3–20.6) μg/L for Ge, and 24.1 (23.2–25.1) μg/L for Pb. Blood Zn concentrations were higher in women than in men (p < 0.001), while the opposite was found for Pb (p < 0.001) and sex did not influence Ge (p = 0.095). Alcohol use was associated with higher blood concentrations of Zn (p = 0.002), Ge (p = 0.002), and Pb (p = 0.001). The GM concentration of Zn was highest in 20–30-year-olds (p < 0.001), while Pb concentrations were highest in 12–16-year-olds (p < 0.001). Use of hair dye was associated with lower blood concentrations of Ge (p < 0.05). GM blood concentrations of Pb differed significantly between those who consumed fried foods 1–2 times/month (18.7 μg/L), 1–2 times/week (20.9 μg/L), and every day (28.5 μg/L; p < 0.001). Blood Pb concentrations were higher in subjects who used cosmetics (p < 0.05), hair dye (p < 0.05), and who smoked cigarettes (p < 0.001) than in those who did not.
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Filippini T, Michalke B, Malagoli C, Grill P, Bottecchi I, Malavolti M, Vescovi L, Sieri S, Krogh V, Cherubini A, Maffeis G, Modenesi M, Castiglia P, Vinceti M. Determinants of serum cadmium levels in a Northern Italy community: A cross-sectional study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 150:219-226. [PMID: 27309722 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal and a serious environmental hazard to humans. Some uncertainties still exist about major sources of Cd exposure in non-occupationally exposed subjects in addition to cigarette smoking, such as diet and outdoor air pollution. We sought to determine the influence of these sources on a biomarker of exposure, serum Cd concentration. METHODS We recruited 51 randomly selected residents from an Italian urban community, from whom we obtained detailed information about dietary habits and smoking habits, and a blood sample for serum Cd determination. We also assessed outdoor air Cd exposure, by modeling outdoor air levels of particulate matter ≤10µm (PM10) from motorized traffic at geocoded subjects' residence. RESULTS In crude analysis, regression beta coefficients for dietary Cd, smoking and PM10 on serum Cd levels were 0.03 (95% CI -0.83 to 0.88), 6.96 (95% CI -0.02 to 13.95) and 0.62 (95% CI -0.19 to 1.43), respectively. In the adjusted analysis, regression beta coefficients were -0.34 (95% CI -1-40 to 0.71), 5.81 (95% CI -1.43 to 13.04) and 0.47 (95% CI -0.35 to 1.29), respectively. CONCLUSION Cigarette smoking was the most important factor influencing serum Cd in our non-occupationally exposed population, as expected, while dietary Cd was not associated with this biomarker. Outdoor air pollution, as assessed through exposure to particulate matter generated by motorized traffic, was an additional source of Cd exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Filippini
- CREAGEN, Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Section of Public Health - Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Bernhard Michalke
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Berlin, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - Carlotta Malagoli
- CREAGEN, Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Section of Public Health - Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Peter Grill
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Berlin, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ilaria Bottecchi
- CREAGEN, Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Section of Public Health - Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Marcella Malavolti
- CREAGEN, Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Section of Public Health - Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | | | - Sabina Sieri
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezia 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Vittorio Krogh
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezia 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Paolo Castiglia
- Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Marco Vinceti
- CREAGEN, Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Section of Public Health - Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy.
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Li Y, Wu J, Zhou W, Gao E. Association between environmental exposure to cadmium and human semen quality. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2015; 26:175-186. [PMID: 26249156 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2015.1061115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal with toxicant to reproductive functions. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of environmental exposure to Cd on human semen quality. A total of 587 men from the general population, aged from 20 to 59 years old, and without occupational exposure to Cd were recruited from three provinces in China to participate in the study. The median of serum Cd was 1.9 μg/L (P25-P75:1.1-2.9). In case Cd was less than or equal to 6.3 μg/L (P95) and the semen parameters were logarithmically transformed, the inverse associations between Cd and semen volume (-0.03 ± 0.007), progressive motility (-0.01 ± 0.004), and sperm morphology (-0.04 ± 0.004) were found across the whole group, after adjusting for age group, occupation, season of semen sample collection, abstinence intervals, smoking, alcohol drinking, and body mass index. Our findings indicate that higher Cd may reduce the semen volume, progressive motility, and morphology among men without occupational exposure to Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyan Li
- a Department of Epidemiology and Social Science on Reproductive Health , Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research , Shanghai , China
| | - Junqing Wu
- a Department of Epidemiology and Social Science on Reproductive Health , Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research , Shanghai , China
| | - Weijin Zhou
- b National Population and Family Planning Key Laboratory of Contraceptive Drugs and Devices , Shanghai , China
| | - Ersheng Gao
- a Department of Epidemiology and Social Science on Reproductive Health , Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research , Shanghai , China
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