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Menezes A, Peixoto M, Silva M, Costa-Bartuli E, Oliveira CL, Walter-Nuno AB, Kistenmacker NDC, Pereira J, Ramos I, Paiva-Silva GO, Atella GC, Zancan P, Sola-Penna M, Gomes FM. Western diet consumption by host vertebrate promotes altered gene expression on Aedes aegypti reducing its lifespan and increasing fertility following blood feeding. Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:12. [PMID: 38184590 PMCID: PMC10770904 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-06095-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The high prevalence of metabolic syndrome in low- and middle-income countries is linked to an increase in Western diet consumption, characterized by a high intake of processed foods, which impacts the levels of blood sugar and lipids, hormones, and cytokines. Hematophagous insect vectors, such as the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti, rely on blood meals for reproduction and development and are therefore exposed to the components of blood plasma. However, the impact of the alteration of blood composition due to malnutrition and metabolic conditions on mosquito biology remains understudied. METHODS In this study, we investigated the impact of whole-blood alterations resulting from a Western-type diet on the biology of Ae. aegypti. We kept C57Bl6/J mice on a high-fat, high-sucrose (HFHS) diet for 20 weeks and followed biological parameters, including plasma insulin and lipid levels, insulin tolerance, and weight gain, to validate the development of metabolic syndrome. We further allowed Ae. aegypti mosquitoes to feed on mice and tracked how altered host blood composition modulated parameters of vector capacity. RESULTS Our findings identified that HFHS-fed mice resulted in reduced mosquito longevity and increased fecundity upon mosquito feeding, which correlated with alteration in the gene expression profile of nutrient sensing and physiological and metabolic markers as studied up to several days after blood ingestion. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides new insights into the overall effect of alterations of blood components on mosquito biology and its implications for the transmission of infectious diseases in conditions where the frequency of Western diet-induced metabolic syndromes is becoming more frequent. These findings highlight the importance of addressing metabolic health to further understand the spread of mosquito-borne illnesses in endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Menezes
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marilia Peixoto
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Melissa Silva
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Emylle Costa-Bartuli
- The Metabolizsm' Group, Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cinara Lima Oliveira
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Lipídeos e Lipoproteínas, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo De Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Beatriz Walter-Nuno
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular de Artrópodes Hematófagos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nathan da Cruz Kistenmacker
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jessica Pereira
- Laboratorio de Ovogênese Molecular de Insetos Vetores, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Isabela Ramos
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratorio de Ovogênese Molecular de Insetos Vetores, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gabriela O Paiva-Silva
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular de Artrópodes Hematófagos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratorio de Ovogênese Molecular de Insetos Vetores, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Geórgia C Atella
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Lipídeos e Lipoproteínas, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo De Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratorio de Ovogênese Molecular de Insetos Vetores, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patricia Zancan
- The Metabolizsm' Group, Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mauro Sola-Penna
- The Metabolizsm' Group, Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fabio M Gomes
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
- Laboratorio de Ovogênese Molecular de Insetos Vetores, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Estabile PC, Almeida MCD, Campagnoli EB, Santo MA, Rodrigues MRDS, Milléo FQ, Artoni RF. IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL DETECTION OF L CELLS IN GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT MUCOSA OF PATIENTS AFTER SURGICAL TREATMENT FOR CONTROL OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. ARQUIVOS BRASILEIROS DE CIRURGIA DIGESTIVA : ABCD = BRAZILIAN ARCHIVES OF DIGESTIVE SURGERY 2022; 35:e1651. [PMID: 35730880 PMCID: PMC9254391 DOI: 10.1590/0102-672020210002e1651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a disease of global impact that has led to an increase in comorbidities and mortality in several countries. Immunoexpression of the incretin hormones such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (3-36) (PYY3-36) can be used as a scorer in the gastrointestinal tract to analyze L-cell activity in response to T2DM treatment. This study aimed to investigate the presence, location, and secretion of L cells in the small intestine of patients undergoing the form of bariatric surgery denominated adaptive gastroenteromentectomy with partial bipartition. METHODS Immunohistochemical assays, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and Western blot analysis were performed on samples of intestinal mucosa from patients with T2DM in both the preoperative and postoperative periods. RESULTS All results were consistent and indicated basal expression and secretion of GLP-1 and PYY3-36 incretins by L cells. A greater density of cells was demonstrated in the most distal portions of the small intestine. No significant difference was found between GLP-1 and PYY3-36 expression levels in the preoperative and postoperative periods because of prolonged fasting during which the samples were collected. CONCLUSION The greater number of L cells in activity implies better peptide signaling, response, and functioning of the neuroendocrine system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Costa Estabile
- Postgraduate Program in Science in Gastroenterology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mara Cristina de Almeida
- Department of Structural, Molecular and Genetics Biology, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Marco Aurelio Santo
- Associate Professor at University of São Paulo School of Medicine, is Director of Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery Unit at Hospital das Clinicas, Brazil
| | | | | | - Roberto Ferreira Artoni
- Department of Structural, Molecular and Genetics Biology, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
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Wendler E, Nassif PAN, Malafaia O, Brites Neto JL, Ribeiro JGA, Proença LBDE, Mattos ME, Ariede BL. SHORTEN PREOPERATIVE FASTING AND INTRODUCING EARLY EATING ASSISTANCE IN RECOVERY AFTER GASTROJEJUNAL BYPASS? ABCD-ARQUIVOS BRASILEIROS DE CIRURGIA DIGESTIVA 2022; 34:e1606. [PMID: 35019120 PMCID: PMC8735259 DOI: 10.1590/0102-672020210003e1606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Rational:
The metabolic response to surgical trauma is enhanced by prolonged preoperative fasting, contributing to increased insulin resistance. This manifestation is more intense on the 1st and 2nd postoperative days and is directly proportional to the size of the operation.
Aim: To compare whether preoperative fasting abbreviation and early postoperative refeeding associated with intraoperative and postoperative fluid restriction interfere in the evolution of patients undergoing gastrojejunal bypass.
Methods: Eighty patients indicated for Roux-en-Y gastrojejunal bypass were selected. They were randomly divided into two groups: Ringer Lactate (RL) group, who underwent a 6 hours solids fasting, with the administration of 50 g of maltodextrin in 100 ml of mineral water 2 hours before the beginning of anesthesia; and Physiologic Solution (PS) group, who underwent a 12 hours solids and liquids fasting. Anesthesia was standardized for both groups. During the surgical procedure, 1500 ml of ringer lactate solution was administered in the RL and 2500 ml of physiological solution (0.9% sodium chloride) in the PS. In both groups, the occurrence of bronchoaspiration was analyzed during intubation, and the residual gastric volume was measured after opening the abdominal cavity. In the postoperative period in Group RL, patients started a liquid diet 24 hours after the end of the operative procedure; whilst for PS group, fasting was maintained for the first 24 hours, it was prescripted 2000 ml of physiological solution and a restricted liquid diet after 36 hours. Each patient underwent CPK, insulin, sodium, potassium, urea, creatinine, PaCO2, pH and bicarbonate dosage in the immediate postoperative period, and 48 hours later, the exams were repeated.
Results: There were no episodes of bronchoaspiration and gastrojejunal fistulas in either group. In the analysis of the residual gastric volume of the PS and RL groups, the mean volumes were respectively 16.5 and 8.8, which shows statistical significance between the groups. In laboratory tests, there was no difference between groups in sodium; PS group showed a higher level of serum potassium (p=0.029); whilst RL group showed a higher urea and creatinine values; CPK values were even for both; PS group demonstrated a higher insulin level; pH was higher in PS group; sodium bicarbonate showed a significant difference at all times; PaCO2 values in RL group was higher than in PS. In the analysis of the incidence of nausea and flatus, no statistical significance was observed between the groups.
Conclusions: The abbreviation of preoperative fasting and early postoperative refeeding of Roux-en-Y gastrojejunal bypass with the application of ERAS or ACERTO Project accelerated the patient’s recovery, reducing residual gastric volume and insulin level, and do not predispose to complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Wendler
- Postgraduate Program in Principles of Surgery, Mackenzie Evangelical Faculty of Paraná/Medical Research Institute, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.,Rocio Hospital, Campo Largo, PR, Brazil
| | - Paulo Afonso Nunes Nassif
- Postgraduate Program in Principles of Surgery, Mackenzie Evangelical Faculty of Paraná/Medical Research Institute, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Osvaldo Malafaia
- Postgraduate Program in Principles of Surgery, Mackenzie Evangelical Faculty of Paraná/Medical Research Institute, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - José Guilherme Agner Ribeiro
- Postgraduate Program in Principles of Surgery, Mackenzie Evangelical Faculty of Paraná/Medical Research Institute, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Laura Brandão DE Proença
- Postgraduate Program in Principles of Surgery, Mackenzie Evangelical Faculty of Paraná/Medical Research Institute, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Maria Eduarda Mattos
- Postgraduate Program in Principles of Surgery, Mackenzie Evangelical Faculty of Paraná/Medical Research Institute, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Bruno Luiz Ariede
- Postgraduate Program in Principles of Surgery, Mackenzie Evangelical Faculty of Paraná/Medical Research Institute, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Malafaia AB, Nassif PAN, Lucas RWDC, Garcia RF, Ribeiro JGA, Proença LBDE, Mattos ME, Ariede BL. IS THE WAIST/HEIGHT RATIO A BETTER PARAMETER THAN BMI IN DETERMINING THE CARDIOMETABOLIC RISK PROFILE OF OBESE PEOPLE? ABCD-ARQUIVOS BRASILEIROS DE CIRURGIA DIGESTIVA 2022; 34:e1610. [PMID: 35019122 PMCID: PMC8735133 DOI: 10.1590/0102-672020210003e1610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: The increased prevalence of obesity has led to a significant increase in the occurrence of metabolic syndrome, a recognized risk factor for increased morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases. Hyperglycemia or type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and arterial hypertension are its main components. Since 2015, international guidelines have recognized the benefits of bariatric surgery in each isolated factor of this syndrome.
Aim: To evaluate the impact of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in this syndrome comparing pre- and postoperative periods with laboratory analysis and to compare waist/height ratio and BMI in relation to the determination of the cardiometabolic risk profile.
Methods: A retrospective study was carried out, selecting 80 patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin, insulin, body mass index (BMI), vitamin D, vitamin B12, waist circumference and waist/height ratio in three periods were analyzed: the preoperative period from 1 to 6 months, postoperative from 1 to 6 months and postoperative from 1 to 2 years.
Results: There was an improvement in all parameters of the clinical analyses. The preoperative BMI had a mean value of 39.8, in the preoperative period from 1 to 6 months, the values dropped to 33.2 and in the postoperative period of 1 year, the mean was 26. The perimeter mean values of 118.5 preoperatively, 105.2 postoperatively from 1 to 6 months and 90.3 postoperatively from 1 to 2 years. Waist/height ratio was 0.73, 0.65 and 0.56 in pre, post 1 to 6 months and 1 to 2 years respectively.
Conclusion: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass improves metabolic syndrome and waist-to-height ratio is superior to BMI in the assessment of the cardiometabolic risk profile.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paulo Afonso Nunes Nassif
- Mackenzie Evangelical Faculty of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.,University Evangelical Mackenzie Hospital, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.,Paulo Nassif Institute, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Rodrigo Ferreira Garcia
- University Evangelical Mackenzie Hospital, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.,Paulo Nassif Institute, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Bozan MB, Kutluer N, Aksu A, Bozan AA, Kanat BH, Böyük A. IS BODY MASS INDEX AND OBESITY SURGERY MORTALITY SCORE IMPORTANT IN PERIOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS OF LAPAROSCOPIC SLEEVE GASTRECTOMY BEFORE DISCHARGE? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 34:e1602. [PMID: 34669891 PMCID: PMC8521821 DOI: 10.1590/0102-672020210002e1602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Morbid obesity surgery and related complications have increased with time.
Aim: To evaluate the relationship between perioperative complications before discharge and preoperative body mass index and obesity surgery mortality score in laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.
Method:
1617 patients who met the inclusion criteria were evaluated retrospectively. The patients were examined in terms of demographic data, presence of comorbidities, whether there were complications or not, type of complications and obesity surgery mortality score.
Results:
Complications were seen in 40 patients (2.5%) and mortality wasn’t seen in the early postoperative period before discharge. The mean age of patients with complications was 36.3±10.02 years (19-57) and without complications 34.12±9.54 (15-64) years. The preoperative mean BMI values of patients with and without complications were 45.05±3.93 (40-57) kg/m2 and 44.8±3.49 (35-67) kg/m2 respectively. According to BMI groups 40-45 kg/m2, 45-50 kg/m2 and 50 and over, there was not any statistical significance seen in three groups in terms of complication positivity and major-minor complication rates. There was not any statistical significance seen between the patients with and without major-minor complications and obesity surgery mortality score.
Conclusion:
There was not any relation between perioperative laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy complication rates before discharge and BMI and obesity surgery mortality scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Buğra Bozan
- Department of Surgery, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Professor (Assistant), Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Nizamettin Kutluer
- Department of Surgery, Elazig Training and Research Hospital, Specialist of General Surgery, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Ali Aksu
- Department of Surgery, Elazig Training and Research Hospital, Specialist of General Surgery, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Azak Bozan
- Department of Surgery, Malatya Turgut Özal University, Professor (Associate), Malatya, Turkey
| | - Burhan Hakan Kanat
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Elazig Training and Research Hospital, Specialist of General Surgery, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Böyük
- Department of Surgery, Elazig Training and Research Hospital, Professor, Elazig, Turkey
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SILVA MBDBE, TUSTUMI F, DANTAS ACB, MIRANDA BCJ, PAJECKI D, DE-CLEVA R, SANTO MA, NAHAS SC. OBESIDADE E ESTEATOSE GRAVE: A IMPORTÂNCIA DA AVALIAÇÃO BIOQUÍMICA E ESCORES. ABCD-ARQUIVOS BRASILEIROS DE CIRURGIA DIGESTIVA 2021; 34:e1626. [PMID: 35107488 PMCID: PMC8846460 DOI: 10.1590/0102-672020210002e1626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered a public health problem,
mainly in severely obese patients.
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