Métodos para avaliar a completitude dos dados dos sistemas de informação em saúde do Brasil: uma revisão sistemática

Accuracy, potential, and limitations of probabilistic record linkage in identifying deaths by gender identity and sexual orientation in the state of Rio De Janeiro, Brazil

BACKGROUND

Globally, the counting of deaths based on gender identity and sexual orientation has been a challenge for health systems. In most cases, non-governmental organizations have dedicated themselves to this work. Despite these efforts in generating information, the scarcity of official data presents significant limitations in policy formulation and actions guided by population needs. Therefore, this manuscript aims to evaluate the accuracy, potential, and limits of probabilistic data relationships to yield information on deaths according to gender identity and sexual orientation in the State of Rio de Janeiro.

METHODS

This study evaluated the accuracy of the probabilistic record linkage to obtain information on deaths according to gender and sexual orientation. Data from two information systems were used from June 15, 2015 to December 31, 2020. We constructed nine probabilistic data relationship strategies and identified the performance and cutoff points of the best strategy.

RESULTS

The best data blocking strategy was established through logical blocks with the first and last names, birthdate, and mother's name in the pairing strategy. With a population base of 80,178 records, 1556 deaths were retrieved. With an area under the curve of 0.979, this strategy presented 93.26% accuracy, 98.46% sensitivity, and 90.04% specificity for the cutoff point ≥ 17.9 of the data relationship score. The adoption of the cutoff point optimized the manual review phase, identifying 2259 (90.04%) of the 2509 false pairs and identifying 1532 (98.46%) of the 1556 true pairs.

CONCLUSION

With the identification of possible strategies for determining probabilistic data relationships, the retrieval of information on mortality according to sexual and gender markers has become feasible. Based on information from the daily routine of health services, the formulation of public policies that consider the LGBTQ + population more closely reflects the reality experienced by these population groups.

Prevalence of psoriasis and cutaneous mycoses: A descriptive study in Paraná, Brazil

The epidemiology of psoriasis and cutaneous mycoses is scarce in Brazil. Thus, this cross-sectional study aimed to characterize the distribution of these diseases in Paraná. Data was obtained from the Outpatient Information System (SIA - Sistema de Informações Ambulatoriais), between 2016 and 2020. The procedures were filtered by the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). A total of 201,161 outpatient procedures were registered for psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. The distribution concerning gender was similar (50.93% feminine; 49.07% masculine). The mean age was 51.55 years. The most frequent procedure was methotrexate dispensing (23.17%), followed by acitretin (14.29%) and adalimumab (12.55%). Adjusting to total population, the prevalence of procedures was 0.35%. Regarding cutaneous mycoses, 1,756 procedures were registered. 65% of them referred to females. White race/color was predominant (82.97%). The mean age was 37.6 years. The distribution concerning age varied according to the type of mycosis. Medical appointments (48.92%) and surgical pathology exam/biopsy (38.71%) were the most frequent procedures. The prevalence of procedures was 0.004%. This is the first epidemiological study using SIA about the population affected by psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, and cutaneous mycoses in a Brazilian state. We believe that these findings allow relevant contribution to science and public policies in Brazil.

Frameworks, Dimensions, Definitions of Aspects, and Assessment Methods for the Appraisal of Quality of Health Data for Secondary Use: Comprehensive Overview of Reviews

BACKGROUND

Health care has not reached the full potential of the secondary use of health data because of-among other issues-concerns about the quality of the data being used. The shift toward digital health has led to an increase in the volume of health data. However, this increase in quantity has not been matched by a proportional improvement in the quality of health data.

OBJECTIVE

This review aims to offer a comprehensive overview of the existing frameworks for data quality dimensions and assessment methods for the secondary use of health data. In addition, it aims to consolidate the results into a unified framework.

METHODS

A review of reviews was conducted including reviews describing frameworks of data quality dimensions and their assessment methods, specifically from a secondary use perspective. Reviews were excluded if they were not related to the health care ecosystem, lacked relevant information related to our research objective, and were published in languages other than English.

RESULTS

A total of 22 reviews were included, comprising 22 frameworks, with 23 different terms for dimensions, and 62 definitions of dimensions. All dimensions were mapped toward the data quality framework of the European Institute for Innovation through Health Data. In total, 8 reviews mentioned 38 different assessment methods, pertaining to 31 definitions of the dimensions.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings in this review revealed a lack of consensus in the literature regarding the terminology, definitions, and assessment methods for data quality dimensions. This creates ambiguity and difficulties in developing specific assessment methods. This study goes a step further by assigning all observed definitions to a consolidated framework of 9 data quality dimensions.

Incomplete recording of race/colour in health information systems in Brazil: time trend, 2009-2018

This ecological study of time trends and multiple groups evaluated incompleteness in the race/colour field of Brazilian health information system records and the related time trend, 2009-2018, for the diseases and disorders most prevalent in the black population. The Romero and Cunha (2006) classification was applied in order to examine incompleteness using secondary data from Brazil's National Notifiable Diseases System, Hospital Information System and Mortality Information System, by administrative regions of Brazil, while percentage underreporting and time trend were calculated using simple linear regression models with Prais-Winsten correction (p-value<0.05). All records scored poorly except those for mortality from external causes (excellent), tuberculosis (good) and infant mortality (fair). An overall downward trend was observed in percentage incompleteness. Analysis by region found highest mean incompleteness in the North (30.5%), Northeast (33.3%) and Midwest (33.0%) regions. The Southeast and Northeast regions showed the strongest downward trends. The findings intended to increase visibility on the implications of the race/color field for health equity.

A completeness indicator of gestational and congenital syphilis information in Brazil

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the quality of information on gestational syphilis (GS) and congenital syphilis (CS) on the Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN-Syphilis Brazil - Notifiable Diseases Information System) by compiling and validating completeness indicators between 2007 and 2018.

METHODS

Overall, care, and socioeconomic completeness scores were compiled based on selected variables, by using ad hoc weights assigned by experts. The completeness scores were analysed, considering the region and area of residence, the pregnant woman's race/colour, and the year of case notification. Pearson's correlation coefficients were used to validate the scores obtained by the weighted average method, compared with the values obtained by principal component analysis (PCA).

RESULTS

Most selected variables presented a good or excellent degree of completeness for GS and CS, except for clinical classification, pregnant woman's level of education, partner's treatment, and child's race/colour, which were classified as poor or very poor. The overall (89.93% versus 89.69%) and socioeconomic (88.71% versus 88.24%) completeness scores for GS and CS, respectively, were classified as regular, whereas the care score (GS-90.88%, and CS-90.72%) was good, despite improvements over time. Differences in the overall, care and socioeconomic completeness scores according to region, area of residence, and ethnic-racial groups were reported for syphilis notifications. The completeness scores estimated by the weighted average method and PCA showed a strong linear correlation (> 0.90).

CONCLUSION

The completeness of GS and CS notifications has been improving in recent years, highlighting the variables that form the care score, compared with the socioeconomic scores, despite differences between regions, area of residence, and ethnic-racial groups. The weighted average was a viable methodological alternative easily operationalised to estimate data completeness scores, allowing routine monitoring of the completeness of gestational and congenital syphilis records.

[Evolution of the completeness and consistency of the gastroschisis registry in the Brazilian Live Birth Information System, from 2005 to 2020]

This study aimed to evaluate the evolution of the completeness and consistency of the gastroschisis registry in the Brazilian Live Birth Information System (SINASC). It is a time-series study on the completeness of the variable "occurrence of congenital anomaly" and the consistency of gastroschisis diagnosis in SINASC, in biennia from 2005 to 2020, for federative units, region, and Brazil. The consistency was estimated by the ratio between deaths from gastroschisis registered in the Brazilian Mortality Information System (SIM) and the total number of cases recorded in SINASC. Temporal trend was analyzed by joinpoint regression. In the period, 46,574,995 live births and 10,024 cases of gastroschisis were recorded. A total of 5,632 infant deaths due to gastroschisis were identified. The percentage of incompleteness decreased from 6.52% to 1.87%, with an annual percentage variation (APV) of -14.5%, and completeness reached excellence (≤ 5% of incompleteness), except in the Central-West Region. Case/death ratios above 1 were found in the North and Northeast regions and in some federative units in the Central-West, but there was a decrease, approaching the mortality found in studies in the South and Southeast regions. Its reduction was more pronounced until 2009-2010 (APV = -10.7%) and smaller later (APV = -4.4%). The quality of the gastroschisis registry reflects regional differences in the overall quality of SINASC, constituting as a marker for malformations that require complex neonatal care.

[Data processing of the Brazilian National System of Controlled Product Management for drug utilization research with antimicrobials]

The Brazilian National System of Controlled Product Management (SNGPC) stores data on the dispensing of manufactured and compounded drugs and pharmaceutical inputs, whether controlled and antimicrobial, based on the records of private pharmacies and drugstores. This study assessed the quality of SNGPC data from the dispensing records of manufactured antibiotics, aiming to propose their use in drug utilization researchs (DURs), with a descriptive and retrospective design, analyzing the raw dataset of the SNGPC from January 2014 to December 2020. A total of 475,805,207 drug-dispensing records were collected. On average, antibiotics corresponded to 54.5% of the total records. The quality dimension "unreported" was systematically identified in the variables "active ingredient", "sex", "age" and "ICD-10". The amount of vials/bottles and packages ranged from one to 536 units and the amount of pharmaceutical inputs dispensed, from one to 7,500 units. Results show that 25% of the records exceed an individual therapy and the SNGPC has no critical mechanism to avoid dispensations outside the therapeutic standard for the class. Despite vulnerabilities due to data quality, which can be overcome, the SNGPC allows for the construction of different analytical plans, involving time and other aggregations, in the analysis of community use of antimicrobials and controlled drugs, which makes it a powerful source of data for DUR.

Completeness of notifications of accidents involving venomous animals in the Information System for Notifiable Diseases: a descriptive study, Brazil, 2007-2019

OBJECTIVE

to describe the completeness of notifications of accidents involving venomous animals held on the Notifiable Health Conditions Information System (SINAN), in Brazil and its macro-regions, from 2007 to 2019.

METHODS

we analyzed essential and non-mandatory fields for snakebite, spider bite and scorpion sting notifications, considering the following completeness categories: Excellent (≤5.0% incompleteness), Good (5.0% to 10.0%), Regular (10.0% to 20.0%), Poor (20.0% to ≤50.0%) and Very Poor (>50.0%). Proportional change in completeness between 2007 and 2019 was estimated.

RESULTS

1,871,462 notifications were investigated. The "localized manifestations", "systemic manifestations", "case classification", "case progression" and "zone of occurrence" fields had excellent or good completeness. Completeness was regular or poor for the "schooling" and "race/color" fields. The "occupation" field was predominantly poorly or very poorly filled in. There was a proportional worsening in completeness (PC<0) in most regions for the "zone of occurrence", "case progression" and "schooling" fields.

CONCLUSION

completeness of most fields improved, although socioeconomic and occupational fields require more attention.

Completude dos dados do sistema de informações de tuberculose de pessoas privadas de liberdade do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

Resumo A tuberculose (TB) apresenta incidências elevadas em todo o mundo, sendo ainda mais grave em pessoas privadas de liberdade (PPL). Foi avaliada a completude das notificações de TB de PPL no SINAN realizadas por equipes de atenção primária prisional (eAPP) ou por outros estabelecimentos de saúde do RS. Estudo descritivo, transversal, utilizando dados de notificações de PPL feitas no SINAN TB pelas eAPP ou por outros estabelecimentos de saúde, de janeiro de 2014 a novembro de 2018. Foi analisado o percentual de completude das variáveis: sexo, raça/cor, escolaridade, HIV, tipo de entrada, baciloscopia de escarro, cultura do escarro, Aids, tratamento antirretroviral durante o tratamento para a TB, tratamento diretamente observado (TDO), baciloscopia de 6º mês e situação de encerramento. Praticamente 53% dos casos de TB em PPL foram notificados por eAPP, e 47,1% foram notificados por outros estabelecimentos de saúde. Oitenta por cento das variáveis foram classificadas na categoria 4 (75,1% a 100% de completude). No entanto, as variáveis TDO e baciloscopia de 6º mês foram classificadas na categoria 3 (50,1% e 75% de completude). Embora não comprometa a notificação da TB no SINAN, a ausência de dados pode prejudicar a qualidade das informações sobre a doença.

Completeness of tuberculosis information system data from prisoners in the state Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Abstract Tuberculosis (TB) has a high incidence in several countries and is even more severe in prisoners. We evaluated the completeness of prisoners TB notifications in the Notifiable Disease Information System (SINAN) carried out by prison primary care teams (eAPP) or by other health facilities in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS). This descriptive cross-sectional study used prisoners data notifications in the SINAN TB by the eAPP or other health facilities from January 2014 to November 2018. We analyzed the percentage of completeness of the variables: gender, ethnicity, schooling, HIV, entry type, sputum smear, sputum culture, AIDS, ART during TB treatment, directly observed treatment (DOT), sixth-month smear, and closure status. Around 52.9% of TB cases in prisoners were reported by eAPP, and other health facilities reported 47.1% of the cases. Eighty percent of the variables were classified in category 4 (75.1% to 100% completeness). However, the DOT and sixth-month smear variables were classified into category 3 (50.1% and 75% completeness). While it does not compromise the notification of TB in the SINAN, the lack of data can impair the quality of information about the disease.

Trend of incompleteness of cancer death records in the Mortality Information System database, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, 2000 to 2016

OBJECTIVE

To describe the trend of incompleteness of cancer death records in the Mortality Information System (SIM, in Portuguese) database, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, 2000 to 2016.

METHODS

This is a descriptive, ecological, time series study of records of death from cancer of people living in the state of Mato Grosso (codes C00 to C97 of the 10th revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems - ICD-10), collected from SIM. To asses incompleteness in the filling of the variables of race/skin color, education, marital status, occupation and underlying cause of death, the relative frequency was calculated in the percentage of null values. The time trend analyzes of the incomplete percentage of categories and variables of interest was performed using linear regression (p<0.05).

RESULTS

From 2000 to 2016, there were 31,097 deaths from cancer among residents of the state of Mato Grosso. Race/skin color, marital status and occupation presented a stable trend of incompleteness; education and underlying cause of death were decreasing. An increasing trend was observed in the categories ignored (marital status) and retired (occupation); a decreasing trend was observed for blank (education), unidentified and housewife (occupation), and C76-other and ill-defined sites and C80-without specification of site (underlying cause of death). Incompleteness of occupation was classified as very poor, with emphasis on housewife and retired. For the remaining variables and categories, the classification was excellent or good.

CONCLUSIONS

Although most of the indicators showed satisfactory trend and classification, the marital status and occupation variables stood out for indicating poorer quality in the records.

Assessment of the completeness of filling the pregnant woman's card from the Ministry of Health: a national, cross-sectional study

This article aims to evaluate the completeness of the pregnant woman's card filling according to a model standardized by the Ministry of Health. Hospital based, nationwide, cross-sectional study conducted between 2011 and 2012, evaluated data from pregnant women's cards. Variables related to personal, obstetric history and current pregnancy data were used to assess completeness. We used the Kotelchuck index for quantitative evaluation. We analysed 6,577 cards, equivalent to 39% of the cards presented at the time of delivery. The mean completeness was overall "bad" in Brazil and macro-regions, except in the Southern region. Nationwide, the mean completion was "regular" for personal antecedents, "good" for obstetric history, and "bad" for fields related to the current pregnancy. Prenatal care was adequate for 58% of pregnant women. We observed a reduced use of the card recommended by the Ministry of Health and failures in the completeness of filling valuable information of the pregnant woman's card, related to the current pregnancy.

Tendência da incompletude dos registros de óbitos por câncer do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade em Mato Grosso, Brasil, 2000 a 2016

RESUMO: Objetivo: Descrever a tendência da incompletude dos registros de óbitos por neoplasias do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade (SIM) no estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil, no período de 2000 a 2016. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, ecológico, do tipo série temporal, com dados referentes aos óbitos de residentes em Mato Grosso por neoplasias (códigos C00 a C97 da 10ª revisão da Classificação Estatística Internacional de Doenças e Problemas Relacionados à Saúde — CID-10), provenientes do SIM. Para a avaliação da incompletude no preenchimento das variáveis raça/cor, escolaridade, estado civil, ocupação e causa básica do óbito, foi calculada a frequência relativa em percentual de valores nulos. Análises de tendência temporal do percentual de incompletude das variáveis de interesse e categorias foram realizadas por meio de regressão linear (p<0,05). Resultados: De 2000 a 2016, ocorreram 31.097 óbitos por neoplasias em residentes no estado de Mato Grosso. Raça/cor, estado civil e ocupação apresentaram tendência estável da incompletude; escolaridade e causa básica do óbito foram decrescentes. Nas categorias, tendência crescente foi observada para ignorado (estado civil) e aposentado (ocupação); tendência decrescente foi verificada para em branco (escolaridade), não identificado e dona de casa (ocupação) e C76-outra localização e mal definidas e C80-sem especificação de localização (causa básica do óbito). Incompletude da ocupação foi classificada como muito ruim, com destaque para dona de casa e aposentado. Para as demais variáveis e categorias, a classificação foi excelente ou bom. Conclusões: Embora a maior parte dos indicadores tenha apresentado tendência e classificação satisfatórias, as variáveis estado civil e ocupação destacaram-se por indicarem piora na qualidade dos registros.

Temporal evolution and characterization of congenital syphilis cases in Minas Gerais, Brazil, 2007-2015

The objective was to analyze the temporal trend of the incidence of congenital syphilis (CS) and to characterize the disease in the state of Minas Gerais (MG) between 2007 and 2015. Quantitative study, of a time series analysis, with the database from the Information System of Diseases Notification, referring to cases of CS reported in MG between 2007 and 2015. It was used descriptive statistics, calculation of the incidence rate of CS and polynomial regression model for temporal trend analysis. The results showed that in the period 4,381 cases were registered. The incidence rate ranged from 0.61 to 5.08 per 1,000 live births (LB),with an increase in the temporal trend of the CS incidence coefficient in the period from 2007 to 2015, with an annual rate variation of 30.6% (95% CI: 21.0 - 41.0). There was a predominance of brown-skinned newborns (38.7%), up to 6 days old (94.7%) and the majority (63.6%) did not present any suggestive manifestations of CS, but definitive diagnosis for recent CS (95.2%). The number of reported cases is increasing, suggesting that it is necessary, for improvement in the prenatal care, diagnosis, appropriate treatment, health care and notification.

Early neonatal mortality trend in adolescent pregnant women in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, from 1996 to 2017

BACKGROUND

The Infant mortality rate indicates the quality of life of a population. Infant mortality has two important components: neonatal mortality, divided into early and late and post-neonatal mortality. The more developed a country is and the greater its population's well-being, the greater the weight of the neonatal component on infant mortality. In addition several factors may determine or be associated with the occurrence of infant deaths including maternal age. The teenage pregnancy rates in Latin America and the Caribbean remain the second highest in the world, In Brazil, between 2010 and 2015, for every thousand adolescents between 15 and 19 years old, about 69 became pregnant and gave birth to their babies. Thus, the objective of this study is to evaluate the trend of Early Neonatal Mortality Rates in children of pregnant adolescents, which occurred in the period 1996-2017, in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, according to the maternal age group.

METHODS

This is an ecological study of time series using official mortality data obtained from the Mortality Information System and live birth data obtained from the Live Birth Information System. Deaths of newborns aged between zero and six complete days were collected by place of residence. The trends in rates per 1,000 live births were calculated by Prais-Winsten regression, obtaining their annual percentage change (VPA) and the respective 95% confidence intervals, analyzed by age group. All analyzes were processed using the STATA 15.1 software.

RESULTS

In the state of São Paulo, between 1996 and 2017, 16,161 deaths were reported in children from zero to six days old and 2,320,584 live births in mothers aged 10-19 years, living in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Of this total, it was observed that the early neonatal mortality rate decreased until the year 2005-2006, remained stationary after, and was higher in newborns of mothers aged 10-14 years (13.18 per 1,000) compared to mothers between 15-19 years (6.75 per 1,000).

CONCLUSIONS

In conclusion, although the early neonatal mortality rate showed a significant decreasing trend until approximately 2005, it remained stables after that.

ANALYSIS OF THE DRESSING PRODUCTION RECORDS CARRIED OUT IN BRAZIL, 2017 – 2019

Objective: to analyze the record of dressings in the different Health Information Systems (Sistemas de Informação à Saúde-SIS). Method: it is a descriptive study, based on secondary data, in the period between 2017 and 2019. The data were extracted from open access systems and national coverage, among them: 1) Sistema de Gerenciamento da Tabela de Procedimentos, Medicamentos, Órteses, Próteses e Materiais Especiais-SIGTAP (Management System for the Table of Procedures, Drugs, Orthoses, Prostheses and Special Materials); 2) Sistema de Informação da Atenção Básica-SISAB (Primary Care Information System); 3) Sistema de Informação Ambulatorial-SIA/SUS (Ambulatory Information System). Results: 74,032,134 simple dressings were registered, of which 46.1% in 2017, 27.1% in 2018 and 26.7% in 2019. Regarding the grade II curative procedure with or without debridement, there were 11,559,664, with a value of approved of R$ 380,142,162.10. Of which 31.6% in 2017, 32.6% in 2018 and 35.8% in 2019. The name of the dressing procedure differs from Primary Care for the other levels of care, although in SISAB the dressings are called simple dressing and special dressing, both are related to the SIGTAP code: 0401010023 - Dressing Grade I. While in SIA/SUS the procedures related to dressing are 0401010023 - Dressing Grade I; and 0401010015 - Grade II dressing, making it difficult to compare procedures. In SIGTAP, the professional stoma nurse is qualified only to register a dressing 0401010023 - Grade I dressing, with or without debridement. Conclusion: the study reveals the need for revision of the SIS, due to inconsistencies of information, in addition to the SIS not communicating with each other. Thus, the completeness of the data needs to be considered, otherwise the knowledge generated may not represent reality.

ANÁLISE DOS REGISTROS DE PRODUÇÃO DE CURATIVOS REALIZADOS NO BRASIL, 2017 – 2019

Objetivo:analisar o registro de curativos nos diferentes Sistemas de Informação à Saúde (SIS). Método: trata-se de um estudo descritivo, baseado em dados secundários, no período entre 2017 e 2019. Os dados foram extraídos de sistemas de livre acesso e abrangência nacional, dentre eles: 1) Sistema de Gerenciamento da Tabela de Procedimentos, Medicamentos, Órteses, Próteses e Materiais Especiais (SIGTAP); 2) Sistema de Informação da Atenção Básica (SISAB); 3) Sistema de Informação Ambulatorial (SIA/SUS). Resultados: foram registrados 74.032.134 curativos simples, desses 46,1% no ano de 2017, 27,1% em 2018 e 26,7% em 2019. Em relação ao procedimento curativo grau II com ou sem desbridamento foram 11.559.664, com valor aprovado de R$ 380.142.162,10. Dos quais 31,6% em 2017, 32,6% no ano de 2018 e 35,8% em 2019. A denominação do procedimento de curativos se difere da Atenção Básica para os demais níveis de atenção, apesar de no SISAB os curativos serem denominados curativo simples e curativo especial, ambos estão relacionados ao código SIGTAP: 0401010023 – Curativo Grau I. Enquanto no SIA/SUS os procedimentos relacionados ao curativo são 0401010023 – Curativo Grau I; e 0401010015 − Curativo Grau II, dificultando a comparação entre os procedimentos. No SIGTAP, o profissional enfermeiro estomaterapeuta é habilitado somente para registro de curativo 0401010023 − Curativo Grau I, com ou sem desbridamento. Conclusão: o estudo revela a necessidade de revisão dos SIS, devido às inconsistências de informações, além dos SIS não se comunicarem. Assim, a completude dos dados precisa ser considerada, caso contrário o conhecimento gerado pode não representar a realidade.

Evaluation of the National Immunization Program Surveillance System - Vaccination Record Module, Brazil, 2017

OBJETIVO

To evaluate the National Immunization Program Immunization Surveillance System, based on its Vaccination Record module, for Brazil in 2017.

METHODS

This was a descriptive study using the Guidelines for Evaluating Public Health Surveillance Systems, published by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC/Atlanta/GA/United States) to evaluate the attributes of simplicity, flexibility, data quality, sensitivity, timeliness and usefulness of the system for six vaccines on the child immunization schedule.

RESULTS

The Immunization Surveillance System was considered complex in its description; flexible to changes in the immunization schedule; of poor data quality for the DTP and rotavirus vaccines; regular acceptability; high sensitivity for the BCG vaccine; untimely for the hepatitis B vaccine and useful for the purposes of the National Immunization Program.

CONCLUSION

The data quality, acceptability and timeliness results were not satisfactory, so that actions are needed to enhance the information system.

[Evaluation of the Performance of the Brazilian Notification System for Health Surveillance: A Tool in Brazil's Pharmacovigilance System]

The scope of this paper is to assess the performance of the Brazilian Notification System for Health Surveillance, with respect to the registration of information on adverse drug-related effects on health (Notivisa/medication) based on previously selected attributes. A cross-sectional health evaluation study was conducted between 2008 and 2013 using eight attributes established by international guidelines to assess public health surveillance systems: simplicity, acceptability, representativeness, completeness, validity, consistency, positive predictive error and timeliness. In the study period, 63,512 registrations were identified in Notivisa/medication, the majority being considered severe (60.5%). The performance of Notivisa/medication was considered satisfactory with respect to two of the eight attributes (validity and positive predictive error) and deficient in six of the remaining attributes (simplicity, acceptability, representativeness, completeness, consistency and timeliness). Quality improvement strategies to remedy the system need to be discussed and implemented in order to provide complete, timely and reliable surveillance information for different segments of Brazilian society, especially health surveillance managers.

Morbimortalidade pela Covid-19 segundo raça/cor/etnia: a experiência do Brasil e dos Estados Unidos

RESUMO Este estudo objetivou descrever a experiência do Brasil e dos Estados Unidos da América (EUA) em relação aos dados de morbimortalidade por Covid-19, segundo a raça/cor/etnia. Para isso, procurou-se descrever os fatores envolvidos no tratamento e divulgação dos dados de morbimortalidade por essa patologia nos dois países. Foram analisados boletins epidemiológicos divulgados pelo Ministério da Saúde, resultados parciais da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílio (PNAD) Covid-19 realizada pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) no Brasil e o estado da arte em saúde sobre os impactos da pandemia nos EUA, sob a perspectiva de raça/cor/etnia. Apesar da baixa qualidade da informação em saúde referente à morbimortalidade da população negra por Covid-19, os resultados desvelam iniquidades raciais em saúde para essa doença, ratificando o racismo estrutural/institucional em ambos os países. Como contribuição, enfatiza-se a necessidade de qualificar os dados sobre raça/cor/etnia, relacionando-os com idade, local de moradia, tipo de residência, acesso a saneamento básico, ocupação, entre outros determinantes sociais que, sabidamente, impactam no modo de adoecer e morrer pela Covid-19, a fim de viabilizar estratégias e políticas públicas verdadeiramente promotoras da equidade.

Avaliação da cobertura e completitude de variáveis de Sistemas de Informação sobre orçamentos públicos em saúde

RESUMO Este artigo avalia a qualidade dos Sistemas de Informação Finanças do Brasil (Finbra) e Sistema de Informação de Orçamento Público em Saúde (Siops), nas dimensões de cobertura e completitude para os municípios do Brasil, entre 2004 e 2012, considerando algumas variáveis fiscais e de investimento em saúde. O Finbra e o Siops apresentaram excelente cobertura; já a completitude variou de excelente a regular. O Siops teve melhor desempenho para as duas dimensões. A variável de pior desempenho foi a Despesa Atenção Básica, tanto para a dimensão de cobertura como para completitude e para a maioria dos anos da série. Conclui-se que os dois Sistemas de Informação apresentaram qualidade satisfatória, o que deve estimular os gestores a utilizarem essas informações para a tomada de decisão. Além do respeito ao pilar da transparência na garantia do exercício dos direitos dos cidadãos.

CHARACTERIZATION OF SEXUAL VIOLENCE IN A STATE FROM THE SOUTHEAST REGION OF BRAZIL

ABSTRACT Objective: to verify the association between victims of sexual violence and the sociodemographic aspects related to exposure in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Method: an ecological study, where the database of the Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação, SINAN provided by the Minas Gerais State Health Department was used. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the chi-square test, and Multiple Correspondence Factor Analysis (p≤0.05). Results: stepfathers were the predominant offenders, associated with schooling from 0 to 4th grade, brown-skinned ethnicity, and the residence as place of occurrence. When the offender was the father, there was association with an unknown place of occurrence, followed by the residence, abuse of male children between 0 and 9 years old, and living in municipalities from 200 to 500 thousand inhabitants. Stranger aggressors were associated with white female victims aged 15 years old or over, schooling between 5th grade and higher education, single act of sexual violence, in which physical violence was used and occurrence on public roads. Conclusion: sexual violence affects mainly women and children, the former being attacked on public roads and the latter in their own home environment by a known offender.

Análise da qualidade da informação sobre mortalidade por homicídio a partir dos óbitos com intenção indeterminada. Bahia, Brasil, 2002-2013

RESUMO: Objetivo: Identificar padrões na distribuição espacial das taxas de mortalidade por homicídio, considerando a proporção de óbitos de intenção indeterminada nos municípios do Estado da Bahia, no período de 2002 a 2013. Método: Foi realizado um estudo ecológico, utilizando os dados do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade (SIM). A mortalidade proporcional de intenção indeterminada sobre o total de causas externas e a taxa de homicídio foram analisadas, nos diversos municípios baianos e considerando as Macrorregiões de Saúde (MRSs). Resultados: Observa-se um padrão de distribuição da mortalidade não aleatório, de acordo com o índice de Moran Global, mais claro nos triênios de 2005 a 2007, 2008 a 2010 e 2011 a 2013. As maiores proporções de mortes indeterminadas, ≥ 50%, concentraram-se na região oeste do Estado. Por outro lado, as mais altas taxas de mortes por homicídio foram observadas nas regiões do extremo sul, sul e leste - municípios litorâneos. Conclusão: Os mesmos municípios e regiões identificados com baixas taxas de homicídios apresentaram, concomitantemente, altas proporções de indeterminada e, inversamente, onde tiveram altas taxas, também houve baixa proporção de morte indeterminada. Portanto, é fundamental levar em consideração a qualidade da informação acerca da causa básica.

Profile of infected pregnant women and children exposed to HIV at a specialized service in the South of Brazil

Abstract Objectives: to characterize the social and clinical profile of pregnant women infected with HIV, the factors associated to the prevention of vertical transmission, and to analyze the quality of the information available in the SINAN notification forms and clinical records of infected pregnant women and children exposed to HIV in a specialized service in the countryside of Rio Grande do Sul. Methods: retrospective documentary study conducted from medical records of 110 HIV mothers and their children born between June/2014 and March/2017. For the analysis, the absolute frequency and the data percentage were taken under consideration. Results: the characterization of infected women represents a Brazilian scenario among young adults, low schooling level and the occurrence of unpaid employment situation. Most mothers underwent treatment during pregnancy and had prenatal care with the intention of applying the prophylactic measures recommended by the national protocols. A greater occurrence of incompleteness of data in the factors of prevention of vertical transmission was identified. Conclusions: the compromise is identified regarding the quality of assistance addressed to the population, which is largely exposed to unfavorable social conditions. The occurrence of data incompleteness shows that there is still not a culture among health professionals that ensures that the information is adequately filled out and favors the exchange of the information among the services.

Assessment of the procedures record by professionals of Psychosocial Care Centers

OBJECTIVE

To verify the use of procedures record tools as data source for monitoring and assessment of Psychosocial Care Centers (CAPS- Centros de Atenção Psicossocial).

METHOD

A descriptive, exploratory qualitative study was carried out in seven CAPS in the state of Goiás. A total of 58 professionals participated, and the data collection was from April to May 2016 through focus groups. The data were submitted to the thematic analysis of content with the aid of the ATLAS.ti 6.2 software.

RESULTS

Three thematic categories emerged from the content analysis: Understanding about the record of Psychosocial Care Centers procedures; Management of the record tools of Psychosocial Care Centers procedures; and Intervening factors for recording Psychosocial Care Centers procedures.

FINAL CONSIDERATIONS

Investment in the Permanent Education of professionals will be necessary; focusing on the management of the records resulted from the actions developed in the CAPS to qualify the information and the work process of the professionals.

Data quality of the reporting of viral hepatitis caused by work-related accidents, Brazil

OBJECTIVE

To assess the completeness and consistency of reports describing viral hepatitis caused by work-related accidents in Brazil between 2007 and 2014.

METHODS

This is an analytical, epidemiological study evaluating the quality of data from the Information System for Notifiable Diseases (Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação). Data were analyzed using absolute and relative frequencies, proportional percentage variation, and a linear χ2 test.

RESULTS

The majority of mandatory and essential variables were classified with good completeness, despite growth during the study period. The occupation and clinical form variables were classified as normal when they had less than 25.1% incomplete data. Inconsistency was considered high among different variables above 15.0%, including, for example, serologic markers with the types of viral hepatitis and age with occupation and date of birth.

CONCLUSIONS

We need to evaluate data quality periodically, in addition to train health professionals on the adequate way to completely fill out reports, because this contributes to the establishment of an efficient surveillance of communicable diseases and improves the population's quality of life.

The quality of certification of deaths due to external causes in the city of Fortaleza in the State of Ceará, Brazil

The article analyzes the quality of information of deaths from external causes in Fortaleza, in the State of Ceará, Brazil. They analyzed the completeness of the information of the death certificate (DO) and the correlation between the underlying cause of death described in the OF and registered in the Mortality Information System (SIM ).We used all the original statements of deaths from external causes, occurred in 2010, of residents in Fortaleza. The study population was 2109 DO. The statements were individually checked seeking to identify the completion of the fields and the basic cause attested the coding of the underlying cause in this DO and compared with the SIM was held. The fields with the highest completion rates were: name (100%), place of residence (100%), mother's name (99.6%), place of birth (99.1%), and sex (98.8%). The fields with the lowest completion rates were: place of occurrence (55%), race/skin color (38.4%), and schooling (34%). They observed inadequacies in the completion of the underlying cause. In DO are reported injuries found and not the circumstances of the death. There was poor level of concordance between the basic cause of DO and registered on the SIM (kappa 0.07). They suggest awareness strategies and training of medical examiners.

Incidence of hepatitis C in Brazil

INTRODUCTION

Hepatitis C is a public health problem of global dimensions, affecting approximately 200 million people worldwide. The main objective of this study was to estimate the incidence rate of hepatitis C in Brazil during the period between 2001 and 2012.

METHODS

An epidemiological, temporal, and descriptive study was performed using data from the Information System for Reportable Diseases.

RESULTS

Between 2001 and 2012, a total of 151,056 hepatitis C cases were recorded, accounting for 30.3% of all hepatitis notifications in Brazil. The average gross coefficient for the analysis period was 6.7 new cases per 100,000 inhabitants. The regions with the highest rates were the Southeast region (8.7 new cases/100,000 inhabitants) and the South (13.9 new cases/100,000 inhabitants). There was a predominance of men with respect to the incidence rate (8.0 new cases/100,000 inhabitants) compared to women (5.5 new cases/100,000 inhabitants). Injection drug use was the most common source of infection, and members of the white race, residents of urban areas, and those aged 60 to 64 years had the highest incidences.

CONCLUSIONS

Over the last 10 years, the incidence of hepatitis C in Brazil has increased, mainly in the South and Southeast. The adoption of fast, accurate diagnostic methods, together with epidemiological awareness, can facilitate early intervention measures for adequate control of the disease.