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Talvani A, Teixeira MM. Experimental Trypanosoma cruzi Infection and Chagas Disease-A Word of Caution. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1613. [PMID: 37375115 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The physician Carlos Chagas (1879-1934) described the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi and discovered a new illness named American trypanosomiases or Chagas disease (Chagas, 1909) [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- André Talvani
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia da Inflamação, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, ICEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto 35402-136, MG, Brazil
- Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Nutrição, Escola de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto 35402-145, MG, Brazil
- Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil
| | - Mauro Martins Teixeira
- Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
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Menezes TP, Machado BAA, Toledo DNM, Santos PVD, Ribeiro L, Talvani A. Insights into CX3CL1/Fractalkine during experimental Trypanosoma cruzi infection. Parasitol Int 2021; 87:102530. [PMID: 34929405 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2021.102530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi triggers a progressive myocarditis in mammalians through activation and recruitment of leukocytes and release of inflammatory mediators. The chemokine CX3CL1 has been highlighted for its potential role in the parasite controlling in end-pathological status of infected hosts. This study investigated the systemic and cardiac release of CX3CL1 in experimental T. cruzi infection and how this chemokine correlates with endothelin-1 and TNF. Male Fisher rats (n = 20) were infected, or not, by the Y strain of T. cruzi and parasitemia was daily evaluated and immunoassays performed in the cardiac tissue macerated supernatant and in serum to evaluate CX3CL1, endothelin, and TNF production on days 5 and 15 of infection. T. cruzi infection induced a higher serum and cardiac production of these mediators on days 5 and 15 of infection. In both periods of infection, respectively, CX3CL1 showed a positive correlation with TNF (r = 0.833, p < 0.001 and r = 0.723, p < 0.001) and endothelin-1 (r = 0.801, p < 0.05 and r = 0.857, p < 0.001), which reinforce its participation in the T. cruzi-induced myocarditis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Prata Menezes
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia da InflamaÇão/DECBI/ICEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Programa de PÓs-Graduação em Saúde e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Bianca Alves Almeida Machado
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia da InflamaÇão/DECBI/ICEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Escola de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Débora Nonato Miranda Toledo
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia da InflamaÇão/DECBI/ICEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Programa de PÓs-Graduação em Saúde e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Priscilla Vilela Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia da InflamaÇão/DECBI/ICEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Programa de PÓs-Graduação em Saúde e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Laís Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia da InflamaÇão/DECBI/ICEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Programa de PÓs-Graduação em Ciências da SaÚde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Andre Talvani
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia da InflamaÇão/DECBI/ICEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Programa de PÓs-Graduação em Saúde e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Programa de PÓs-Graduação em Ciências da SaÚde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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Cormican S, Griffin MD. Fractalkine (CX3CL1) and Its Receptor CX3CR1: A Promising Therapeutic Target in Chronic Kidney Disease? Front Immunol 2021; 12:664202. [PMID: 34163473 PMCID: PMC8215706 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.664202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate immune cells are key contributors to kidney inflammation and fibrosis. Infiltration of the renal parenchyma by innate immune cells is governed by multiple signalling pathways. Since the discovery of the chemokine fractalkine (CX3CL1) and its receptor, CX3CR1 over twenty years ago, a wealth of evidence has emerged linking CX3CL1-CX3CR1 signalling to renal pathologies in both acute and chronic kidney diseases (CKD). However, despite the extent of data indicating a pathogenic role for this pathway in kidney disease and its complications, no human trials of targeted therapeutic agents have been reported. Although acute autoimmune kidney disease is often successfully treated with immunomodulatory medications, there is a notable lack of treatment options for patients with progressive fibrotic CKD. In this article we revisit the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis and its functional roles. Furthermore we review the accumulating evidence that CX3CL1-CX3CR1 interactions mediate important events in the intra-renal pathophysiology of CKD progression, particularly via recruitment of innate immune cells into the kidney. We also consider the role that systemic activation of the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis in renal disease contributes to CKD-associated cardiovascular disease. Based on this evidence, we highlight the potential for therapies targeting CX3CL1 or CX3CR1 to benefit people living with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Cormican
- Regenerative Medical Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
- Nephrology Services, Galway University Hospitals, Saolta University Health Group, Galway, Ireland
| | - Matthew D. Griffin
- Regenerative Medical Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
- Nephrology Services, Galway University Hospitals, Saolta University Health Group, Galway, Ireland
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