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Mahato RK, Karna AK, Thakur N, Bajracharya B, Pyakurel UR, Hayman DTS, Talvani A, Alam J, Pandey KR, Pathak N, Singh UN, Upadhyaya MK, Shrestha MP, Paudel KP, Morita K, Pandey BD. An Early Epidemiological Investigation of COVID-19 in Parsa, Nepal. Asia Pac J Public Health 2023; 35:564-567. [PMID: 37737120 DOI: 10.1177/10105395231201937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ram Kumar Mahato
- Epidemiology and Disease Control Division, Department of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Population, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Ajit Kumar Karna
- Epidemiology and Disease Control Division, Department of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Population, Kathmandu, Nepal
- USAID's Strengthening Systems for Better Health Activity, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Nishant Thakur
- Epidemiology and Disease Control Division, Department of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Population, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Bijay Bajracharya
- Epidemiology and Disease Control Division/Malaria Program Management Unit, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Uttam Raj Pyakurel
- Epidemiology and Disease Control Division, Department of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Population, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - David T S Hayman
- Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health Laboratory, Infectious Disease Research Centre, Hopkirk Research Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Andre Talvani
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Inflammation, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Jahir Alam
- Birgunj Metropolitan City Office, Birgunj, Nepal
| | - Krishna Raj Pandey
- Epidemiology and Disease Control Division, Department of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Population, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | | | | | | | | | - Krishna Prasad Paudel
- Epidemiology and Disease Control Division, Department of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Population, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Kouichi Morita
- DEJIMA Infectious Disease Research Alliance, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Basu Dev Pandey
- Epidemiology and Disease Control Division, Department of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Population, Kathmandu, Nepal
- DEJIMA Infectious Disease Research Alliance, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
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Pimenta BL, Menezes TP, Louise V, Dias FCR, Machado BAA, Ribeiro L, Pinto KMDC, Talvani A. Protective effects of Theracurmin treatment during experimental infection of the Colombian strain of Trypanosoma cruzi at the testicular site. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1143360. [PMID: 37033490 PMCID: PMC10079985 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1143360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chagas' disease is a tropical neglected illness caused by Trypanosoma cruzi and remains one of the most significant causes of morbidity and mortality in South and Central Americas. The disease is caused by a moderate to intense and persistent inflammatory response characterized by local upregulated expression and production of inflammatory mediators that favors the activation and recruitment of distinct cells of the immune system into different tissues to eliminate the parasites. Theracurmin is a curcumin's derived formulation of nanoparticles. Its anti-inflammatory properties make this bioactive compound a mitigating factor in pathological cases after an overwhelming inflammatory response. Methods Our research focused on the testicular investigation in 28 mice infected by 103 trypomastigote forms of Colombian strain of T. cruzi and preventively treated with Theracurmin. The mice were treated with 30 mg/Kg of Theracurmin during the period of 30 days. At the 30th day post infection animals were euthanized, and its testicles were collected to morphological and immunological assays. Results The animals infected and treated with Theracurmin presented a reduction in the testicular levels of IL-15 and IL-6. The volume density (%) of the tunica propria was also higher in all infected animals, but Theracurmin decreased this parameter in the treated animals. In the intertubular area, the percentage of some intertubular components was decreased in the infected animals such as the percentage and volume of Leydig cells, connective tissue, and macrophages. Discussion Furthermore, our data pointed to the daily use of Theracurmin in the diet as a protective element of the testicular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breno Luiz Pimenta
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Inflammation, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Post-Graduate Program, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Prata Menezes
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Inflammation, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Health and Nutrition Post-Graduate Program, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Andre Talvani, ; Tatiana Prata Menezes,
| | - Vitória Louise
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Inflammation, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Post-Graduate Program, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Health and Nutrition Post-Graduate Program, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Bianca Alves Almeida Machado
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Inflammation, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lais Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Inflammation, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Post-Graduate Program, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Kelerson Mauro de Castro Pinto
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Inflammation, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Laboratory of Physiology of Exercise, School of Physical Education, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Andre Talvani
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Inflammation, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Post-Graduate Program, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Health and Nutrition Post-Graduate Program, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Andre Talvani, ; Tatiana Prata Menezes,
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Wallukat G, Botoni FA, Rocha MC, Louise V, Müller J, Talvani A. Functional antibodies against G-protein coupled receptors in Beagle dogs infected with two different strains of Trypanosoma cruzi. Front Immunol 2022; 13:926682. [DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.926682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction of the anti-beta1-adrenergic receptor autoantibodies (β1ARAb) and the anti-muscarinic M2 receptor autoantibodies (M2RAb) with cardiac neurotransmitter receptors were identified in human chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy (CCC) related to the ECG and dysautonomia disturbances. Dogs are considered gold model to the study of Trypanosoma cruzi infection due the clinical similarities with CCC. This study aims to evaluate whether anti-β1ARAb, anti-β2ARAb, and anti-muscarinic M2RAb are generated in Beagle dogs infected by T. cruzi using Y and Berenice-78 strains of T. cruzi. Animals were infected with 4.0 x 103 bloodstream trypomastigotes/kg of body weight and, after 25 months of infection, blood sample was collected, and serum stored at -80°C. Dog serum was treated by ammonium sulphate precipitation and the IgG antibodies isolated and added to the beating neonatal rats’ cardiomyocytes. All T. cruzi-infected dogs developed agonistic β1ARAb, β2ARAb, and M2RAb. Animals infected by Berenice strain presented less β2ARAb and M2RAb activities than dogs infected by Y strain of the parasite. In cardiomyocytes culture, the antibodies recognized an epitope on the second extracellular loop of the receptors which were similar to findings in human Chagas disease. There was no detection of antibody against G protein-coupled receptor in serum from uninfected dogs. In conclusion, both Y and Berenice-78 strains of T. cruzi induced dog antibodies, whose targets located in the second extracellular loop of the adrenergic and muscarinic receptors were similar to those observed in individuals with CCC. Therefore, our findings highlight dogs as a promisor model to investigate pathogenic roles of functional Ab against G-protein coupled receptors.
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Figueiredo VP, Silva MC, Souza DMSD, Coelho Junior D, Lopes LR, Azevedo MDA, Menezes APDJ, de Lima WG, Peluzio MDCG, Talvani A. Trypanosoma cruzi infection increases atherosclerotic lesion in ApoE-deficient mice. Microb Pathog 2022; 171:105730. [PMID: 35995253 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is the major ligand for the transporting and removal of chylomicrons and lipoproteins by the liver. Since the creation of the ApoE-knockout mice, it is well established that ApoE deficiency results in spontaneous atherosclerosis in aged animals. Atherosclerosis is also observed in animals infected with Trypanosoma cruzi, a protozoan that elicits a systemic inflammatory response in mammalian hosts, culminating in damage to cardiac, neuronal, and endothelial cells. Pro-atherogenic effects related to the experimental infection with T. cruzi may be induced by inflammatory components affecting the vascular wall. Herein, we evaluated whether infection with different strains of T. cruzi worsened the atherogenic lesions observed in aged ApoE-/- mice. After four weeks of infection with Berenice-78 (Be-78) or Colombian (Col) strains of the parasite, mice presented increased CCL2 and CCL5 production and high migration of inflammatory cells to cardiac tissue. Although the infection with either strain did not affect the survival rate, only the infection with Col strain caused abundant parasite growth in blood and heart and increased aortic root lesions in ApoE-/- mice. Our findings show, for the first time that ApoE exerts a protective anti-atherosclerotic role in the aortic root of mice in the acute phase of experimental infection with the Col strain of T. cruzi. Further studies should target ApoE and nutritional interventions to modulate susceptibility to cardiovascular disabilities after T. cruzi infection, minimizing the risk of death in both experimental animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Paulino Figueiredo
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Inflammation, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Health and Nutrition Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maria Cláudia Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Débora Maria Soares de Souza
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Inflammation, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Health and Nutrition Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Diógenes Coelho Junior
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Inflammation, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Laís Roquete Lopes
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Inflammation, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Health and Nutrition Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maira de Araújo Azevedo
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Inflammation, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula de Jesus Menezes
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Inflammation, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Wanderson Geraldo de Lima
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Inflammation, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Andre Talvani
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Inflammation, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Health and Nutrition Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Menezes TP, Machado BAA, Toledo DNM, Santos PVD, Ribeiro L, Talvani A. Insights into CX3CL1/Fractalkine during experimental Trypanosoma cruzi infection. Parasitol Int 2021; 87:102530. [PMID: 34929405 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2021.102530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi triggers a progressive myocarditis in mammalians through activation and recruitment of leukocytes and release of inflammatory mediators. The chemokine CX3CL1 has been highlighted for its potential role in the parasite controlling in end-pathological status of infected hosts. This study investigated the systemic and cardiac release of CX3CL1 in experimental T. cruzi infection and how this chemokine correlates with endothelin-1 and TNF. Male Fisher rats (n = 20) were infected, or not, by the Y strain of T. cruzi and parasitemia was daily evaluated and immunoassays performed in the cardiac tissue macerated supernatant and in serum to evaluate CX3CL1, endothelin, and TNF production on days 5 and 15 of infection. T. cruzi infection induced a higher serum and cardiac production of these mediators on days 5 and 15 of infection. In both periods of infection, respectively, CX3CL1 showed a positive correlation with TNF (r = 0.833, p < 0.001 and r = 0.723, p < 0.001) and endothelin-1 (r = 0.801, p < 0.05 and r = 0.857, p < 0.001), which reinforce its participation in the T. cruzi-induced myocarditis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Prata Menezes
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia da InflamaÇão/DECBI/ICEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Programa de PÓs-Graduação em Saúde e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Bianca Alves Almeida Machado
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia da InflamaÇão/DECBI/ICEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Escola de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Débora Nonato Miranda Toledo
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia da InflamaÇão/DECBI/ICEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Programa de PÓs-Graduação em Saúde e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Priscilla Vilela Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia da InflamaÇão/DECBI/ICEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Programa de PÓs-Graduação em Saúde e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Laís Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia da InflamaÇão/DECBI/ICEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Programa de PÓs-Graduação em Ciências da SaÚde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Andre Talvani
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia da InflamaÇão/DECBI/ICEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Programa de PÓs-Graduação em Saúde e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Programa de PÓs-Graduação em Ciências da SaÚde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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Sauvain JJ, Edmé JL, Wild P, Suarez G, Bezerra OMPA, Talvani A, Algranti E, Carneiro APS, Chérot-Kornobis N, Sobaszek A, Hulo S. Does exposure to inflammatory particles modify the pattern of anion in exhaled breath condensate? J Breath Res 2020; 14:026005. [PMID: 31783386 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/ab5d88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to environmental and occupational particulate matter (PM) induces health effects on the cardio-pulmonary system. In addition, associations between exposure to PM and metabolic syndromes like diabetes mellitus or obesity are now emerging in the literature. Collection of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) is an appealing non-invasive technique to sample pulmonary fluids. This hypothesis-generating study aims to (1) validate an ion chromatography method allowing the robust determination of different metabolism-related molecules (lactate, formate, acetate, propionate, butyrate, pyruvate, nitrite, nitrate) in EBC; (2) apply this method to EBC samples collected from workers exposed to quartz (a known inflammatory particle), to soapstone (a less inflammatory particle than quartz), as well as to controls. A multi-compound standard solution was used to determine the linearity range, detection limit, repeatability and bias from spiked EBC. The biological samples were injected without further treatment into an ion chromatograph with a conductivity detector. RTube® were used for field collection of EBC from 11 controls, 55 workers exposed to soapstone and 12 volunteers exposed to quartz dust. The analytical method used proved to be adequate for quantifying eight anions in EBC samples. Its sub-micromolar detection limits and repeatability, combined with a very simple sample preparation, allowed an easy and fast quantification of different glycolysis or nitrosative stress metabolites. Using multivariate discriminant analysis to maximize differences between groups, we observed a different pattern of anions with a higher formate/acetate ratio in the EBC samples for quartz exposed workers compared to the two other groups. We hypothesize that a modification of the metabolic signature could be induced by exposure to inflammatory particles like quartz and might be observed in the EBC via a change in the formate/acetate ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-J Sauvain
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
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Lopes A, Perucci L, Evangelista F, Godoi L, Sabino A, Talvani A, Dusse L, Alpoim P. P017: Are the polymorphisms in ACE and ESR1 genes associated with preeclampsia occurrence? Thromb Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0049-3848(19)30112-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Silva MC, Azevedo MA, Figueiredo VP, Moura Junior MR, Coelho Junior D, Martinelli PM, Machado RP, Alzamora AC, Talvani A. Renovascular hypertension increases serum TNF and CX3CL1 in experimental Trypanosoma cruzi infection. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 51:e6690. [PMID: 29590257 PMCID: PMC5886554 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20186690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi triggers a progressive inflammatory response affecting cardiovascular functions in humans and experimental models. Angiotensin II, a key effector of the renin-angiotensin system, plays roles in mediating hypertension, heart failure, and inflammatory responses. T. cruzi and AngII can induce inflammatory responses by releasing inflammatory mediators. The aim of this study was to evaluate systemic AngII, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and CX3CL1 mediators in a two-kidney one-clip (2K1C) renovascular hypertension model using Wistar rats infected with T. cruzi. Our data showed an increase in serum AngII in uninfected and T. cruzi-infected rats 1 week after 2K1C surgery compared to non-2K1C (Sham) animals. The baseline systolic blood pressure was higher in both uninfected and infected 2K1C rats. Despite no difference in circulating parasites in the acute phase of infection, elevated serum TNF and CX3CL1 were observed at 8 weeks post-infection in 2K1C rats in association with higher cardiac inflammatory infiltration. In summary, AngII-induced hypertension associated with T. cruzi infection may act synergistically to increase TNF and CX3CL1 in the 2K1C rat model, thereby intensifying cardiac inflammatory infiltration and worsening the underlying inflammation triggered by this protozoan.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Silva
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil
| | - M A Azevedo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil
| | - V P Figueiredo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil
| | - M R Moura Junior
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil
| | - D Coelho Junior
- Escola de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil
| | - P M Martinelli
- Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - R P Machado
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil
| | - A C Alzamora
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil
| | - A Talvani
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Biomas Tropicais, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil
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Ribeiro SMTL, Lopes LR, Paula Costa GD, Figueiredo VP, Shrestha D, Batista AP, Nicolato RLDC, Oliveira FLPD, Gomes JAS, Talvani A. CXCL-16, IL-17, and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) are associated with overweight and obesity conditions in middle-aged and elderly women. Immun Ageing 2017; 14:6. [PMID: 28293269 PMCID: PMC5346187 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-017-0089-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current concept of overweight/obesity is most likely related to a combination of increased caloric intake and decreased energy expenditure. Widespread inflammation, associated with both conditions, appears to contribute to the development of some obesity-related comorbidities. Interventions that directly or indirectly target individuals at high risk of developing obesity have been largely proposed because of the increasing number of overweight/obese cases worldwide. The aim of the present study was to assess CXCL16, IL-17, and BMP-2 plasma factors in middle-aged and elderly women and relate them to an overweight or obese status. In total, 117 women were selected and grouped as eutrophic, overweight, and obese, according to anthropometric parameters. Analyses of anthropometric and circulating biochemical parameters were followed by plasma immunoassays for CXCL-16, IL-17, and BMP-2. RESULTS Plasma mediators increased in all overweight and obese individuals, with the exception of BMP-2 in the elderly group, whereas CXCL16 levels were shown to differentiate overweight and obese individuals. Overweight and/or obese middle-aged and elderly individuals presented with high LDL, triglycerides, and glycemia levels. Anthropometric parameters indicating increased-cardiovascular risk were positively correlated with CXCL-16, BMP-2, and IL-17 levels in overweight and obese middle-aged and elderly individuals. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence that CXCL-16, IL-17, and BMP-2 are potential plasma indicators of inflammatory status in middle-aged and elderly women; therefore, further investigation of obesity-related comorbidities is recommended. CXCL16, in particular, could be a potential marker for middle-aged and elderly individuals transitioning from eutrophic to overweight body types, which represents an asymptomatic and dangerous condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Mara Turbino Luz Ribeiro
- Post-graduation Program in Biological Sciences/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais Brazil
- Laboratory of the Immunobiology of Inflammation, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Laís Roquete Lopes
- Post-graduation Program in Biological Sciences/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais Brazil
- Laboratory of the Immunobiology of Inflammation, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Guilherme de Paula Costa
- Post-graduation Program in Biological Sciences/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais Brazil
- Laboratory of the Immunobiology of Inflammation, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Vivian Paulino Figueiredo
- Post-graduation Program in Biological Sciences/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais Brazil
- Laboratory of the Immunobiology of Inflammation, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Deena Shrestha
- Post-graduation Program in Biological Sciences/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais Brazil
- Laboratory of the Immunobiology of Inflammation, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Aline Priscila Batista
- Post-graduation Program in Biological Sciences/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | | | - Fernando Luiz Pereira de Oliveira
- Post-graduation Program in Health and Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais Brazil
- Department of Statistics, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | | | - Andre Talvani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais Brazil
- Post-graduation Program in Biological Sciences/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais Brazil
- Post-graduation Program in Health and Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais Brazil
- Post-graduation in Ecology of Tropical Biomas, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais Brazil
- Laboratory of the Immunobiology of Inflammation, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais Brazil
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Nascimento M, Albuquerque T, Nascimento A, Caldas I, Do-Valle-Matta M, Souto J, Talvani A, Bahia M, Galvão L, Câmara A, Guedes P. Impairment of Interleukin-17A Expression in Canine Visceral Leishmaniosis is Correlated with Reduced Interferon-γ and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression. J Comp Pathol 2015; 153:197-205. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2015.10.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Penitente AR, Leite ALJ, de Paula Costa G, Shrestha D, Horta AL, Natali AJ, Neves CA, Talvani A. Enalapril in Combination with Benznidazole Reduces Cardiac Inflammation and Creatine Kinases in Mice Chronically Infected with Trypanosoma cruzi. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2015; 93:976-82. [PMID: 26350447 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.15-0237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi triggers an inflammatory process in mammalian heart causing events such as fibrosis, changes in the architecture and functionality in this organ. Enalapril, an angiotensin II-converting enzyme inhibitor, is a drug prescribed to ameliorate this heart dysfunction, and appears to exert a potential role in immune system regulation. Our aim was to evaluate the chronic cardiac inflammatory parameters after therapeutic treatment with enalapril and benznidazole in C57BL/6 mice infected with the VL-10 strain of T. cruzi. After infection, animals were treated with oral doses of enalapril (25 mg/kg), benznidazole (100 mg/kg), or both during 30 days. Morphometric parameters and levels of chemokines (CCL2, CCL5), IL-10, creatine kinases (CKs), and C-reactive protein were evaluated in the heart and serum at the 120th day of infection. Enalapril alone or in combination with benznidazole did not change the number of circulating parasites, but reduced cardiac leukocyte recruitment and total collagen in the cardiac tissue. Interestingly, the combination therapy (enalapril/benznidazole) also reduced the levels of chemokines, CK and CK-MB, and C-reactive proteins in chronic phase. In conclusion, during the chronic experimental T. cruzi infection, the combination therapy using enalapril plus benznidazole potentiated their immunomodulatory effects, resulting in a low production of biomarkers of cardiac lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlete Rita Penitente
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Estrutural, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Luísa Junqueira Leite
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Estrutural, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Guilherme de Paula Costa
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Estrutural, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Deena Shrestha
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Estrutural, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Aline Luciano Horta
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Estrutural, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Antônio J Natali
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Estrutural, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Clóvis A Neves
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Estrutural, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Andre Talvani
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Estrutural, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Guedes-da-Silva FH, Shrestha D, Salles BC, Figueiredo VP, Lopes LR, Dias L, Barcelos LDS, Moura S, de Andrade SP, Talvani A. Trypanosoma cruzi antigens induce inflammatory angiogenesis in a mouse subcutaneous sponge model. Microvasc Res 2014; 97:130-6. [PMID: 25446369 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2014.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Revised: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Acute inflammation and angiogenesis are persistent features of several pathological conditions induced by biological agents leading to the resolution of local and systemic events. Glycoproteins derived from the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi are suggested to mediate angiogenesis induced by inflammatory cells with still undescribed mechanisms. In this study, we investigated the effects of total antigen from trypomastigote forms of T. cruzi (Y strain), inoculated in sponges 24h after implantation in mice, on angiogenesis, inflammatory cell pattern and endogenous production of inflammatory and angiogenic mediators on days 1, 4, 7 and 14 post-implant. There was an increase in hemoglobin content and in the number of blood vessels associated with T. cruzi antigen stimuli on the 14th day, assessed by the hemoglobin of the implants and by morphometric analysis. However, these antigens were not able to increase type I collagen content on the 14th day. Parasite antigens also induced high production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and inflammatory mediators TNF-alpha, CCL2 and CCL5 on the 7th day in sponges when compared to the unstimulated group. Neutrophils and macrophages were determined by measuring myeloperoxidase (MPO) and N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase (NAG) enzyme activities, respectively. Only NAG was increased after stimulation with antigens, starting from day 4 and peaking at day 7. Together, these data showed that antigens from the Y strain of T. cruzi are able to promote inflammatory neovascularization probably induced by macrophage-induced angiogenic mediators in T. cruzi antigen-stimulated sponges in Swiss mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deena Shrestha
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Cristina Salles
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Vivian Paulino Figueiredo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Laís Roquete Lopes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Luiza Dias
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Sandra Moura
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Silvia Passos de Andrade
- Departamento de Fisiologia, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Andre Talvani
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil.
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Brito SMO, Coutinho HDM, Talvani A, Coronel C, Barbosa AGR, Vega C, Figueredo FG, Tintino SR, Lima LF, Boligon AA, Athayde ML, Menezes IRA. Analysis of bioactivities and chemical composition of Ziziphus joazeiro Mart. using HPLC-DAD. Food Chem 2014; 186:185-91. [PMID: 25976809 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the chemical profile and antioxidant, antimicrobial and antiparasitic activities of the hydroalcoholic extract of the leaves of Ziziphus joazeiro Mart. (HELZJ). The antioxidant DPPH and FRAP assays and chemical profile were determined by colorimetric methods and HPLC/DAD. The antiparasitic, antibiotic and antibiotic-modifying activity were evaluated by microdilution assays. The HPLC-DAD assay showed the presence of mostly tannins and flavonoids, such as caffeic acid and quercetin. The levels of polyphenols and flavonoids were 183.136 mg/g extract and 7.37 mg/g extract, respectively. DPPH and FRAP showed low antioxidant activity for the extract. The antibacterial and antifungal activities were not of clinical relevance, showing MIC>1024 μg/mL. However, synergism was observed between HELZJ and the antibiotics amikacin and gentamicin, which resulted in decreased bacterial drug resistance. EHFZJ showed low toxicity in fibroblasts in vitro, while antiparasitic results against Trypnosoma cruzi, Leishmania braziliensis and Leishmania infantum were not clinically relevant. Thus, our results indicate that Z. joazeiro Mart. (HELZJ) could be a source of plant-derived natural products that could lead to the development of promising new antibiotic compounds for infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharlene M O Brito
- Pharmacology and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemical Biology, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, Ceara, Brazil
| | - Henrique D M Coutinho
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, Brazil.
| | - Andre Talvani
- Laboratory of Chagas Disease, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Cathia Coronel
- Phytochemical Research Laboratory, Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Andreza G R Barbosa
- Pharmacology and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemical Biology, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, Ceara, Brazil
| | - Celeste Vega
- Phytochemical Research Laboratory, Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Fernando G Figueredo
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, Brazil
| | - Saulo R Tintino
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, Brazil
| | - Luciene F Lima
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, Brazil
| | - Aline A Boligon
- Centro para el Desarrollo de la Investigación Científica (CEDIC), Fundación Moisés Bertoni/Laboratorios Díaz Gill, Asunción, Paraguay
| | - Margareth L Athayde
- Centro para el Desarrollo de la Investigación Científica (CEDIC), Fundación Moisés Bertoni/Laboratorios Díaz Gill, Asunción, Paraguay
| | - Irwin R A Menezes
- Pharmacology and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemical Biology, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, Ceara, Brazil.
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Martins RF, Martinelli PM, Guedes PMM, da Cruz Pádua B, dos Santos FM, Silva ME, Bahia MT, Talvani A. Protein deficiency alters CX3CL1 and endothelin-1 in experimentalTrypanosoma cruzi-induced cardiomyopathy. Trop Med Int Health 2013; 18:466-76. [DOI: 10.1111/tmi.12071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Régia F. Martins
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas; Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto; Ouro Preto; Brazil
| | - Patrícia M. Martinelli
- Departamento de Morfologia; ICB; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte; Brazil
| | - Paulo M. M. Guedes
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; Natal; Brazil
| | - Bruno da Cruz Pádua
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas; Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto; Ouro Preto; Brazil
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Silva RR, Shrestha-Bajracharya D, Almeida-Leite CM, Leite R, Bahia MT, Talvani A. Short-term therapy with simvastatin reduces inflammatory mediators and heart inflammation during the acute phase of experimental Chagas disease. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2012; 107:513-21. [DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762012000400012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Accepted: 02/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Andre Talvani
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto; Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Brasil
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Santos FM, Lima WG, Gravel AS, Martins TAF, Talvani A, Torres RM, Bahia MT. Cardiomyopathy prognosis after benznidazole treatment in chronic canine Chagas' disease. J Antimicrob Chemother 2012; 67:1987-95. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dks135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Talvani A, Rocha MOC, Ribeiro AL, Borda E, Sterin-Borda L, Teixeira MM. Levels of anti-M2 and anti-beta1 autoantibodies do not correlate with the degree of heart dysfunction in Chagas' heart disease. Microbes Infect 2006; 8:2459-64. [PMID: 16963301 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2006.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2006] [Revised: 05/25/2006] [Accepted: 06/02/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy (CCC) is characterized mainly by a dilated cardiomyopathy complicated by frequent and complex ventricular arrhythmias and/or conduction defects. The aim of the present study was to evaluate functional implications of neurotransmitter receptor autoantibodies in vivo. Sera from chagasic patients were used to measure the level of autoantibodies to peptide fragments from the M2 cholinergic and beta1 adrenergic receptors. Optical density values and the frequency of anti-M2 and anti-beta1 antibodies were significantly higher in the indeterminate form and in CCC patients than in normal individuals. There was no correlation between levels of autoantibodies and clinical parameters of ventricular dysfunction, as assessed by echocardiography. Patients presenting with chronotropic insufficiency in exercise test had higher levels of anti-M2 but not anti-beta1 autoantibodies. Although anti-M2 and anti-beta1 antibodies do not appear to play a role in the pathophysiology of the heart failure that accompanies severe CCC, anti-M2 cholinergic autoantibodies may contribute to the pathogenesis of Chagas' disease dysautonomia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre Talvani
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, UFMG, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Ribeiro ALP, Teixeira MM, Reis AM, Talvani A, Perez AA, Barros MVL, Rocha MOC. Brain natriuretic peptide based strategy to detect left ventricular dysfunction in Chagas disease: A comparison with the conventional approach. Int J Cardiol 2006; 109:34-40. [PMID: 16023747 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2005.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2004] [Revised: 04/05/2005] [Accepted: 05/21/2005] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Left ventricular dysfunction (LVd) is the main predictor of mortality in Chagas disease (ChD). AIMS To compare the diagnostic performance of the conventional approach (ECG and chest X-ray) in the recognition of LVd in ChD, with a new strategy, in which BNP is measured in patients with an abnormal ECG. METHODS Consecutive ChD patients recruited at an Outpatient Reference Center in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, without other systemic diseases, in 1998-99 (sample 1, n = 165) and in 2001-02 (sample 2, n = 62) underwent ECG, chest X-ray, BNP measurement and echocardiography. RESULTS The prevalence of LVd (ejection fraction <or=0.40) was 9.1% in the sample 1. The conventional strategy recognized all patients with LVd (sensitivity: 100%, 95% CI: 79.6-100% and negative predictive value -PV 100%, 92.1-100%), but with low specificity (30%, 95% CI: 23.2-37.8) and +PV (12.5%, 95% IC: I7.7-19.6). The BNP/ECG strategy showed significantly better specificity (96.0%, 95% CI: 91.5-98.2, p < 0.001) and +PV (66.7%, 95% CI: 43.7-83.7, p < 0.001), and non-significantly lower sensitivity (80.0%, 95% CI: 54.8-93.0, p = 0.25) and -PV (98.0%,95% CI: 94.2-99.3, p = 0.08). Overall accuracy was improved with the new strategy. (94.5%,95% CI: 90.0-97.1 x 36.4%, 95% CI: 29.4-43.9, p < 0.001). Similar results were obtained for the sample 2. CONCLUSIONS The BNP-based strategy was more accurate than the conventional approach in the detection of LVd in ChD patients and should be considered as a valid option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Luiz P Ribeiro
- Postgraduate Course of Tropical Medicine, Internal Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Alfredo Balena, 190-Campus Saúde, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
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Daldegan MB, Teixeira MM, Talvani A. Concentration of CCL11, CXCL8 and TNF-alpha in sputum and plasma of patients undergoing asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation. Braz J Med Biol Res 2005; 38:1359-65. [PMID: 16138219 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2005000900010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are common respiratory illnesses characterized by chronic inflammation of the airways. The characterization of induced or spontaneously produced sputum is a useful technique to assess airway inflammation. In the present study, we compared the concentrations of CCL2, CCL11, CXCL8, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in plasma and induced sputum of patients with severe asthma or COPD and correlated the levels of these mediators with inflammatory cells in sputum. Asthmatic patients had elevated levels of eosinophils (40.1 +/- 6.24%) in sputum whereas neutrophils (63.3 +/- 4.66%) predominated in COPD patients. The levels of the chemokine CCL11 were markedly increased in sputum (708.7 +/- 330.7 pg/ml) and plasma (716.6 +/- 162.2 pg/ml) of asthmatic patients and correlated with the percentage of eosinophils in induced sputum. The concentrations of CXCL8 (817.0 +/- 105.2 pg/ml) and TNF-alpha (308.8 +/- 96.1 pg/ml) were higher in sputum of COPD patients and correlated with the percentage of neutrophils in induced sputum. There was also an increase in the concentrations of CXCL8 (43.2 +/- 6.8 pg/ml) in sputum of asthmatic patients. These results validate that sputum is a suitable method to assess chemokines and cytokines associated with asthma and COPD. Moreover, the mechanisms involved in the synthesis of CCL11 and CXCL8/TNF-alpha would be helpful to better understand the inflammatory profile associated with asthma and COPD, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Daldegan
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Barcelos LS, Talvani A, Teixeira AS, Vieira LQ, Cassali GD, Andrade SP, Teixeira MM. Impaired inflammatory angiogenesis, but not leukocyte influx, in mice lacking TNFR1. J Leukoc Biol 2005; 78:352-8. [PMID: 15894588 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.1104682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of biological responses classically attributed to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) is mediated by p55 receptor (TNFR1). Here, we aimed to clarify the biological role of TNFR1-mediated signals in an in vivo inflammatory angiogenesis model. Polyester-polyurethane sponges, used as a framework for tissue growth, were implanted in C57Bl/6 mice. These implants were collected at days 1, 7, and 14 post-implant for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or at days 7 and 14 for hemoglobin, myeloperoxidase, and N-acetylglucosaminidase measurements, used as indexes for angiogenesis, neutrophil, and macrophage accumulation, respectively. In TNFR1-deficient C57Bl/6 mice, there was a significant decrease in sponge vascularization but not in late inflammatory cell influx. It is interesting that levels of vascular endothelial growth factor were significantly lower in TNFR1-deficient than in wild-type mice at days 1 and 7. Levels of angiogenic chemokines, CC chemokine ligand 2/murine homologue of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and CXC chemokine ligand 1-3/keratinocyte-derived chemokine, were significantly lower in TNFR1-deficient mice at days 1 and 7 after implantation, respectively. These observations suggest that TNFR1-mediated signals have a critical role in sponge-induced angiogenesis, possibly by influencing the effector state of inflammatory cells and hence, modulating the angiogenic molecular network.
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Affiliation(s)
- L S Barcelos
- Department of Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627-Pampulha, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Talvani A, Rocha MOC, Cogan J, Maewal P, de Lemos J, Ribeiro ALP, Teixeira MM. Brain natriuretic peptide measurement in Chagas heart disease: marker of ventricular dysfunction and arrhythmia. Int J Cardiol 2005; 100:503-4. [PMID: 15837098 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2004.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2004] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Barcelos LS, Talvani A, Teixeira AS, Cassali GD, Andrade SP, Teixeira MM. Production and in vivo effects of chemokines CXCL1-3/KC and CCL2/JE in a model of inflammatory angiogenesis in mice. Inflamm Res 2005; 53:576-84. [PMID: 15597153 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-004-1299-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Using the murine sponge model, we investigated the temporal relationship between angiogenesis, leukocyte accumulation and endogenous generation of the pro-inflammatory chemokines CXCL1-3/KC and CCL2/JE. Furthermore, the effects of exogenous administration of these chemokines were studied. METHODS Angiogenesis in the implants was assessed by measuring the hemoglobin content (vascular index) and leukocyte accumulation quantified by evaluating MPO and NAG enzyme activities. RESULTS A progressive increase in hemoglobin content and in enzymatic activities was observed during the whole period. The levels of CXCL1-3/KC and CCL2/JE in the implants peaked at days 7 and 1, respectively. Exogenous administration of CXCL1-3/KC (100 ng/day intra-implant) applied at days 1-3 resulted in increased neovascularization and macrophage accumulation. Intra-implant injections of CCL2/JE (100 ng/day) also resulted in increased angiogenesis and macrophage accumulation. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrated that the chemokines, CXCL1-3/KC and CCL2/JE, are generated within the sponge compartment and that neovascularization and inflammatory cells influx can be modulated by exogenous administration of the chemokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- L S Barcelos
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627-Pampulha, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte MG, Brasil
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Talvani A, Rocha MOC, Cogan J, Maewal P, de Lemos J, Ribeiro ALP, Teixeira MM. Brain natriuretic peptide and left ventricular dysfunction in chagasic cardiomyopathy. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2004; 99:645-9. [PMID: 15558179 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762004000600020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Global left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction is the strongest predictor of morbidity and mortality in Chagas disease. Echocardiography is considered the gold standard for the detection of LV dysfunction, but not always available in endemic areas where chagasic cardiomyopathy is most common. Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a neurohormone that has been recently described as a simple and inexpensive diagnostic and prognostic marker for patients with congestive heart failure. Chagasic patients (n = 63) and non-infected healthy individuals (n = 18) were recruited prospectively and underwent complete clinical examination, echocardiography and 24-h Holter monitoring. BNP was measured from thawed plasma samples using the Triage BNP test. We observed high levels of BNP in association with depression of LV ejection fraction, with increase of LV end-diastolic diameter and with LV premature complexes. An elevated concentration of BNP, defined as a concentration of 60 pg/ml or more, had a sensitivity of 91.7%, specificity of 82.8%, positive predictive value of 52.4%, and negative predictive value of 98% for detecting LV dysfunction (LV ejection fraction < 40%).BNP measurement using a simple, relatively inexpensive and rapid test has a promising role in identifying LV dysfunction associated with chagasic cardiomyopathy. Equally important, patients with Trypanosoma cruzi infection who have low levels of BNP level in plasma have a very low likelihood of severe cardiac involvement, and echocardiography is probably not necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre Talvani
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Talvani A, Rocha MOC, Ribeiro AL, Correa-Oliveira R, Teixeira MM. Chemokine receptor expression on the surface of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in Chagas disease. J Infect Dis 2004; 189:214-20. [PMID: 14722885 DOI: 10.1086/380803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2003] [Accepted: 08/04/2003] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the expression of chemokine receptors (CCR1, CCR2, CCR5, and CXCR4) on the surface of peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from patients with chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy (CCC) and noninfected individuals. Only CCR5 and CXCR4 expression was different on the surface of the subsets (CD4, CD8, and CD14) evaluated. Patients with mild CCC had elevated leukocyte expression of CCR5, compared with noninfected individuals or those with severe disease. CXCR4 expression was lower on leukocytes from patients with severe CCC. The differential expression of both receptors on leukocytes of patients with CCC was consistent and clearly correlated with the degree of heart function such that the lower the heart function, the lower the expression of either CCR5 or CXCR4. These results highlight the possible participation of the chemokine system in early forms of chagasic cardiomyopathy and the relevance of heart failure-induced remodeling in modifying immune parameters in infected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre Talvani
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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25
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Talvani A, Machado FS, Santana GC, Klein A, Barcelos L, Silva JS, Teixeira MM. Leukotriene B(4) induces nitric oxide synthesis in Trypanosoma cruzi-infected murine macrophages and mediates resistance to infection. Infect Immun 2002; 70:4247-53. [PMID: 12117933 PMCID: PMC128190 DOI: 10.1128/iai.70.8.4247-4253.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of nitric oxide (NO) by gamma interferon (IFN-gamma)-activated macrophages is a major effector mechanism during experimental Trypanosoma cruzi infection. In addition to IFN-gamma, chemoattractant molecules, such as platelet-activating factor (PAF) and CC chemokines, may also activate macrophages to induce NO and mediate the killing of T. cruzi in an NO-dependent manner. Here we investigated the ability of leukotriene B(4) (LTB(4)) to induce the production of NO by macrophages infected with T. cruzi in vitro and whether NO mediated LTB(4)-induced parasite killing. The activation of T. cruzi-infected but not naive murine peritoneal macrophages with LTB(4) induced the time- and concentration-dependent production of NO. In addition, low concentrations of LTB(4) acted in synergy with IFN-gamma to induce NO production. The NO produced mediated LTB(4)-induced microbicidal activity in macrophages, as demonstrated by the inhibitory effects of an inducible NO synthase inhibitor. LTB(4)-induced NO production and parasite killing were LTB(4) receptor dependent and were partially blocked by a PAF receptor antagonist. LTB(4) also induced significant tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) production, and blockade of TNF-alpha suppressed LTB(4)-induced NO release and parasite killing. A blockade of LTB(4) or PAF receptors partially inhibited IFN-gamma-induced NO and TNF-alpha production but not parasite killing. Finally, daily treatment of infected mice with CP-105,696 was accompanied by a significantly higher level of blood parasitemia, but not lethality, than that seen in vehicle-treated animals. In conclusion, our results suggest a role for LTB(4) during experimental T. cruzi infection. Chemoattractant molecules such as LTB(4) not only may play a major role in leukocyte migration into sites of inflammation in vivo but also, in the event of an infection, may play a relevant role in the activation of recruited leukocytes to kill the invading microorganism in an NO-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Talvani
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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26
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Klein A, Talvani A, Silva PM, Martins MA, Wells TN, Proudfoot A, Luckacs NW, Teixeira MM. Stem cell factor-induced leukotriene B4 production cooperates with eotaxin to mediate the recruitment of eosinophils during allergic pleurisy in mice. J Immunol 2001; 167:524-31. [PMID: 11418691 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.167.1.524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The understanding of the mechanisms underlying eosinophil recruitment in vivo may aid in the development of novel strategies for the treatment of allergic disorders. In this study, we investigated the role of chemokines in the cascade of events leading to eosinophil recruitment in a stem cell factor (SCF)- and leukotriene B(4) (LTB(4))-dependent allergic pleurisy model in mice. The intrapleural administration of the eosinophil-active chemokines eotaxin, RANTES, and macrophage-inflammatory protein 1alpha (MIP-1alpha) induced a time- and dose-dependent eosinophil recruitment. Pretreatment with anti-eotaxin, but not anti-RANTES or anti-MIP-1alpha, blocked the recruitment of eosinophils following Ag challenge of sensitized animals, and significant eotaxin immunoreactivity was detected in the pleural cavity of these animals. Similarly, only the anti-eotaxin inhibited the eosinophil recruitment induced by injection of SCF in naive animals. However, blockade of SCF did not inhibit the release of eotaxin after Ag challenge of sensitized mice. Akin to its effects on SCF and in the allergic reaction, eotaxin-induced eosinophil recruitment was blocked by the LTB(4) receptor antagonist CP105696. Nevertheless, SCF, but not eotaxin, appeared to regulate the endogenous release of LTB(4) after Ag challenge. Finally, we show that low doses of eotaxin synergized with LTB(4) to induce eosinophil recruitment in the pleural cavity. Overall, the present results show that eotaxin and SCF-induced LTB(4) cooperate to induce eosinophil recruitment into sites of allergic inflammation. Cooperation between inflammatory mediators must be an important phenomenon in vivo, explaining both the ability of lower concentrations of mediators to induce a full-blown functional response and the effectiveness of different strategies at inhibiting these responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Klein
- Immunopharmacology, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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27
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Abstract
In the most severe cases of human poisoning by Tityus serrulatus, pulmonary edema is a frequent finding and can be the cause of death. Mast cells can release a range of mediators known to be involved in the development of lung edema following T. serrulatus venom injection. The present work was designed to investigate whether mast cells participated in the acute lung injury induced by T. serrulatus scorpion venom and could, thus, be an intermediate between neuropeptide release and activation of the inflammatory cascade. To this end, mast cells were depleted using compound 48/80. Pulmonary edema, as assessed by the levels of extravasation of Evans blue dye in the bronchoalveolar lavage and in the left lung, was completely inhibited in compound 48/80-treated animals. Moreover, the number of animals surviving 60min after injection of venom rose from 20 to 60%. Our results demonstrate an important role for mast cells in the development of lung injury and lethality following the intravenous administration of T. serrulatus venom.
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Affiliation(s)
- I M De-Matos
- Department of Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627 Pampulha, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Teixeira MM, Talvani A, Tafuri WL, Lukacs NW, Hellewell PG. Eosinophil recruitment into sites of delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions in mice. J Leukoc Biol 2001; 69:353-60. [PMID: 11261781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The selective accumulation of eosinophils in tissue is a characteristic feature of allergic diseases where there is a predominance of lymphocytes expressing a Th2 phenotype. In an attempt to define factors determining specific eosinophil accumulation in vivo, we have used a radiolabeled technique to assess the occurrence and the mechanisms underlying (111)In-eosinophil recruitment into Th1- and Th2-predominant, delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions. Eosinophils were purified from the blood of IL-5 transgenic mice, labeled with (111)In and injected into nontransgenic CBA/Ca mice. Th1- and Th2-predominant, DTH reactions were induced in mice by immunization with methylated bovine serum albumin (MBSA) in Freund's complete adjuvant or with Schistosoma mansoni eggs, respectively. In these animals, (111)In-eosinophils were recruited in skin sites in an antigen-, time-, and concentration-dependent manner. Depletion of CD4+ lymphocytes abrogated (111)In-eosinophil recruitment in both reactions. Pretreatment of animals with anti-IFN-gamma mAb abrogated (111)In-eosinophil recruitment in MBSA-immunized and -challenged animals, whereas anti-IL-4 inhibited (111)In-eosinophil recruitment in both models. Local pretreatment with an anti-eotaxin polyclonal antibody inhibited the MBSA and SEA reactions by 51% and 39%, respectively. These results demonstrate that, although eosinophilia is not a feature of Th1-predominant, DTH reactions, these reactions produce the necessary chemoattractants and express the necessary cell adhesion molecules for eosinophil migration. The control of the circulating levels of eosinophils appears to be a most important strategy in determining tissue eosinophilia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Teixeira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
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Talvani A, Ribeiro CS, Aliberti JC, Michailowsky V, Santos PV, Murta SM, Romanha AJ, Almeida IC, Farber J, Lannes-Vieira J, Silva JS, Gazzinelli RT. Kinetics of cytokine gene expression in experimental chagasic cardiomyopathy: tissue parasitism and endogenous IFN-gamma as important determinants of chemokine mRNA expression during infection with Trypanosoma cruzi. Microbes Infect 2000; 2:851-66. [PMID: 10962268 DOI: 10.1016/s1286-4579(00)00388-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the kinetics of parasite replication, leukocyte migration, and cytokine/chemokine mRNA expression in the heart tissue from animals infected with the Colombiana strain of Trypanosoma cruzi. Cardiac tissue parasitism was noticeable at 15 days, peaked around 30 days and was dramatically reduced at 120 days postinfection (p.i.). Kinetic studies showed that the inflammatory infiltrate was dominated by the presence of alphabetaT CD3(+ )CD4(+ )CD8(-), alphabetaT CD3(+ )CD4(-)CD8(+ )lymphocytes and macrophages. The mRNA expression of the monokines IL-1beta and IL-12(p40) was elevated at 15 days p.i. and controlled at later time points. In contrast, TNF-alpha mRNA was expressed throughout the infection. Interestingly, we found that at 15 and 30 days p.i. cytokine expression was dominated by the presence of IFN-gamma mRNA, whereas at 60 days or later time points the balance of type 1 and type 2 cytokines was switched in favor of IL-4 and IL-10 mRNAs. The chemokine mRNAs encoding JE, MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta, KC, and MIP-2 were all mainly expressed at 15 and/or 30 days p.i. and diminished thereafter. In contrast, the expression of RANTES, MIG and IP-10 mRNAs was augmented at 15 days p.i. and persisted at high levels up to 120 days p.i. Taken together, our results indicate that regulation of IFN-gamma and chemokine expression, associated with decreased tissue parasitism, may be largely responsible for the control of inflammation and immunopathology observed in the cardiac tissue of animals infected with T. cruzi.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Talvani
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, ICB, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Klein A, Talvani A, Cara DC, Gomes KL, Lukacs NW, Teixeira MM. Stem cell factor plays a major role in the recruitment of eosinophils in allergic pleurisy in mice via the production of leukotriene B4. J Immunol 2000; 164:4271-6. [PMID: 10754325 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.164.8.4271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The understanding of the mechanisms underlying eosinophil migration into tissue is an essential step in the development of novel therapies aimed at treating allergic diseases where eosinophil recruitment and activation are thought to play an essential role. In this study, we have examined the effects of the in vivo administration of stem cell factor (SCF) on eosinophil recruitment and tested whether endogenous SCF was involved in mediating eosinophil recruitment in response to Ag challenge in sensitized mice. The intrapleural injection of SCF induced a time- and concentration-dependent recruitment of eosinophils in mice. In allergic mice, SCF message was expressed early after Ag challenge and returned to baseline levels after 8 h. In agreement with the ability of SCF to induce eosinophil recruitment and its expression in the allergic reaction, an anti-SCF polyclonal Ab abrogated eosinophil recruitment when given before Ag challenge. SCF increased the levels of leukotriene B4 (LTB4) in the pleural cavity of mice and an LTB4 receptor antagonist, CP105,696, abrogated the effects of SCF on eosinophil recruitment. Similarly, recruitment of eosinophils in the allergic reaction was virtually abolished by CP105,696. Together, our data favor the hypothesis that the local release of SCF following Ag challenge may activate and/or prime mast cells for IgE-mediated release of inflammatory mediators, especially LTB4. The mediators released in turn drive the recruitment of eosinophils. Inhibition of the function of SCF in vivo may reduce the migration of eosinophils to sites of allergic inflammation and may, thus, be a relevant principle in the treatment of allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Klein
- Immunopharmacology Laboratory, Departamento de Farmacologia and Departmento de Patologia, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Gazzinelli RT, Talvani A, Camargo MM, Santiago HC, Oliveira MA, Vieira LQ, Martins GA, Aliberti JC, Silva JS. Induction of cell-mediated immunity during early stages of infection with intracellular protozoa. Braz J Med Biol Res 1998; 31:89-104. [PMID: 9686184 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x1998000100012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii and Trypanosoma cruzi are intracellular parasites which, as part of their life cycle, induce a potent cell-mediated immunity (CMI) maintained by Th1 lymphocytes and IFN-gamma. In both cases, induction of a strong CMI is thought to protect the host against rapid parasite multiplication and consequent pathology and lethality during the acute phase of infection. However, the parasitic infection is not eliminated by the immune system and the vertebrate host serve as a parasite reservoir. In contrast, Leishmania sp, which is a slow growing parasite, appears to evade induction of CMI during early stages of infection as a strategy for surviving in a hostile environment (i.e., inside the macrophages which are their obligatory niche in the vertebrate host). Recent reports show that the initiation of IL-12 synthesis by macrophages during these parasitic infections is a key event in regulating CMI and disease outcome. The studies reviewed here indicate that activation/inhibition of distinct signaling pathways and certain macrophage functions by intracellular protozoa are important events in inducing/modulating the immune response of their vertebrate hosts, allowing parasite and host survival and therefore maintaining parasite life cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- R T Gazzinelli
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil.
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