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Souza AM, Maciel JC, Barroso GM, Silva RS, Garraffoni ARS, Neves CA, Soares MA, Santos JB. Ecotoxicological effects of commercial herbicides on the reproductive system of aquatic arthropod Limnocoris submontandoni (Hemiptera: Naucoridae). BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 84:e247487. [PMID: 34730696 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.247487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, conventional agriculture makes extensive use of pesticides. Although the effects of herbicides are relatively well known in terms of environmental impacts on non-target organisms, there is very little scientific evidence regarding the impacts of herbicide residues on aquatic arthropods from tropical conservation areas. This study evaluates for the first time the toxicity of the herbicides ametryn, atrazine, and clomazone on the aquatic insect Limnocoris submontandoni (Hemiptera: Naucoridae). The lethal concentration (LC50) of herbicides was evaluated for these insects, as well as the effect of the herbicides on the insects' tissues and testicles. The estimated LC50 was 1012.41, 192.42, and 46.09 mg/L for clomazone, atrazine, and ametryn, respectively. Spermatocyte and spermatid changes were observed under the effect of atrazine, and effects on spermatogenesis were observed for some concentrations of clomazone, with apparent recovery after a short time. Our results provide useful information on the effects of herbicide residues in aquatic systems. This information can help minimize the risk of long-term reproductive effects in non-target species that have been previously overlooked in ecotoxicology studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Souza
- Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei - UFSJ, Departamento de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brasil
| | - J C Maciel
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri - UFVJM, Departamento de Agronomia, Diamantina, MG, Brasil
| | - G M Barroso
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri - UFVJM, Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Diamantina, MG, Brasil
| | - R S Silva
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri - UFVJM, Departamento de Agronomia, Diamantina, MG, Brasil
| | - A R S Garraffoni
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - C A Neves
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa - UFV, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
| | - M A Soares
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri - UFVJM, Departamento de Agronomia, Diamantina, MG, Brasil
| | - J B Santos
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri - UFVJM, Departamento de Agronomia, Diamantina, MG, Brasil
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de Freitas JS, Neves CA, Del Carlo RJ, Belfort FG, Lavorato VN, Silame-Gomes LHL, Ramos RMS, Cunha DQND, Okano BS, Pereira VG, de Oliveira EM, Carneiro-Júnior MA, Natali AJ. Effects of exercise training and stem cell therapy on the left ventricle of infarcted rats. Rev Port Cardiol 2019; 38:649-656. [PMID: 31812373 DOI: 10.1016/j.repc.2019.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Stem cell therapy and aerobic exercise are non-pharmacological therapies following myocardial infarction. The aim of this study was to test whether aerobic exercise training enhances the benefits of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy on remodeling of the extracellular matrix and fetal gene expression in the left ventricle of infarcted rats. METHODS Myocardial infarction was surgically induced in six-week old male Wistar rats. Animals were divided into four groups: sedentary control (SC) and sedentary and stem cell treated (SCMSC); exercised (EX) and exercised and stem cell treated (EXMSC). Bone marrow-derived MSCs were immediately transplanted via the tail vein (concentration: 1×106 cells). Exercise training (five days/week, 60 min/day; 60% of maximal running speed) started 24 hours after myocardial infarction and lasted for 12 weeks. RESULTS Exercise capacity was higher in exercised than in sedentary groups. Animals in the SCMSC, EX and EXMSC groups exhibited better cardiac function than those in SC. Collagen content was lower in the SCMSC, EX and EXMSC groups than in SC and skeletal α-actin expression was lower in EX and EXMSC than in SC. The α/β-MHC ratio was higher in EX and EXMSC than in SC. The combination of therapies further reduced collagen content in the remote region of the infarct (∼24%) and skeletal α-actin expression (∼30%). CONCLUSION Aerobic exercise training appears to enhance the beneficial effects of stem cell therapy on remodeling of the extracellular matrix and fetal gene expression in the left ventricle of rats with moderate infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana S de Freitas
- General Biology Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brazil; Physical Education Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Clóvis A Neves
- General Biology Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Ricardo J Del Carlo
- Veterinary Medicine Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Felipe G Belfort
- Physical Education Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Victor N Lavorato
- Physical Education Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Luis H L Silame-Gomes
- Physical Education Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Regiane M S Ramos
- Physical Education Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Daise Q N da Cunha
- Physical Education Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Bárbara S Okano
- Veterinary Medicine Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Vanessa G Pereira
- Veterinary Medicine Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Edilamar M de Oliveira
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Antônio J Natali
- Physical Education Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
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de Freitas JS, Neves CA, Del Carlo RJ, Belfort FG, Lavorato VN, Silame-Gomes LH, Ramos RM, Cunha DQD, Okano BS, Pereira VG, de Oliveira EM, Carneiro-Júnior MA, Natali AJ. Effects of exercise training and stem cell therapy on the left ventricle of infarcted rats. Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia (English Edition) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repce.2019.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Rosa DD, Grześkowiak ŁM, Ferreira CLLF, Fonseca ACM, Reis SA, Dias MM, Siqueira NP, Silva LL, Neves CA, Oliveira LL, Machado ABF, Peluzio MDCG. Kefir reduces insulin resistance and inflammatory cytokine expression in an animal model of metabolic syndrome. Food Funct 2016; 7:3390-401. [PMID: 27384318 DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00339g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
There is growing evidence that kefir can be a promising tool in decreasing the risk of many diseases, including metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of kefir supplementation in the diet of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR) in which MetS was induced with monosodium glutamate (MSG), and to determine its effect on metabolic parameters, inflammatory and oxidation marker expression and glycemic index control. Thirty animals were used in this experiment. For the induction of MetS, twenty two-day-old male SHR received five consecutive intradermal injections of MSG. For the Negative Control, ten newborn male SHR received intradermal injections of saline solution (0.9% saline solution). After weaning, animals received standard diet and water ad libitum until reaching 3 months old, for the development of MetS. They were then divided into three groups (n = 10): negative control (NC, 1 mL saline solution per day), positive control (PC, 1 mL saline solution per day) and the Kefir group (1 mL kefir per day). Feeding was carried out by gavage for 10 weeks and the animals received standard food and water ad libitum. Obesity, insulin resistance, pro- and anti-inflammatory markers, and the histology of pancreatic and adipose tissues were among the main variables evaluated. Compared to the PC group, kefir supplementation reduced plasma triglycerides, liver lipids, liver triglycerides, insulin resistance, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, thoracic circumference, abdominal circumference, products of lipid oxidation, pro-inflammatory cytokine expression (IL-1β) and increased anti-inflammatory cytokine expression (IL-10). The present findings indicate that kefir has the potential to benefit the management of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiana D Rosa
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil.
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Novaes RD, Gonçalves RV, Penitente AR, Bozi LHM, Neves CA, Maldonado IRSC, Natali AJ, Talvani A. Modulation of inflammatory and oxidative status by exercise attenuates cardiac morphofunctional remodeling in experimental Chagas cardiomyopathy. Life Sci 2016; 152:210-9. [PMID: 27040670 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The rational basis that explains the benefits of exercise therapy on Chagas cardiomyopathy (ChC) is poorly understood. This study investigated the impact of an exercise program on exercise performance, heart parasitism, immunoinflammatory response, fibrogenesis, oxidative damage, and cardiomyocytes contractility in experimental ChC. MAIN METHODS Wistar rats were subjected to a 9-week treadmill running training and challenged with Trypanosoma cruzi. Control animals remained sedentary. Physical and metabolic performance, cardiac morphology, cytokines, chemokines, nitric oxide, oxidative tissue damage, cardiomyocyte morphology and contractility were analyzed. KEY FINDINGS Exercise training was efficient to improve physical performance and anaerobic threshold in trained animals. By increasing cardiac and serum levels of cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-6), chemokines (MCP-1 and CX3CL1), the myocardial activity catalase and superoxide dismutase, and reducing lipid and protein oxidation in cardiac tissue, exercise training seem to be a beneficial strategy to mitigate the progression and severity of Chagas-associated cardiomyopathy. SIGNIFICANCE The protective adaptations to the host triggered by exercise training contributed to reduce cardiac parasitism, inflammation, fibrosis and cardiomyocytes atrophy. Although exercise training does not affect nitric oxide levels in cardiac tissue from infected animals, this strategy enhanced the efficiency of endogenous antioxidant mechanisms, restricting oxidative tissue damage with positive repercussions to cardiomyocytes biomechanics in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rômulo D Novaes
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Structural Biology, Federal University of Alfenas, 37130-000 MG, Brazil; Department of Biological Sciences and NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, 35400-000 MG, Brazil.
| | - Reggiani V Gonçalves
- Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, 36570-000 MG, Brazil
| | - Arlete R Penitente
- Department of Biological Sciences and NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, 35400-000 MG, Brazil
| | - Luiz Henrique M Bozi
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, 05508-030 SP, Brazil
| | - Clóvis A Neves
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, 36570-000 MG, Brazil
| | | | - Antônio J Natali
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Viçosa, 36570-000 MG, Brazil
| | - André Talvani
- Department of Biological Sciences and NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, 35400-000 MG, Brazil
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Penitente AR, Leite ALJ, de Paula Costa G, Shrestha D, Horta AL, Natali AJ, Neves CA, Talvani A. Enalapril in Combination with Benznidazole Reduces Cardiac Inflammation and Creatine Kinases in Mice Chronically Infected with Trypanosoma cruzi. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2015; 93:976-82. [PMID: 26350447 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.15-0237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi triggers an inflammatory process in mammalian heart causing events such as fibrosis, changes in the architecture and functionality in this organ. Enalapril, an angiotensin II-converting enzyme inhibitor, is a drug prescribed to ameliorate this heart dysfunction, and appears to exert a potential role in immune system regulation. Our aim was to evaluate the chronic cardiac inflammatory parameters after therapeutic treatment with enalapril and benznidazole in C57BL/6 mice infected with the VL-10 strain of T. cruzi. After infection, animals were treated with oral doses of enalapril (25 mg/kg), benznidazole (100 mg/kg), or both during 30 days. Morphometric parameters and levels of chemokines (CCL2, CCL5), IL-10, creatine kinases (CKs), and C-reactive protein were evaluated in the heart and serum at the 120th day of infection. Enalapril alone or in combination with benznidazole did not change the number of circulating parasites, but reduced cardiac leukocyte recruitment and total collagen in the cardiac tissue. Interestingly, the combination therapy (enalapril/benznidazole) also reduced the levels of chemokines, CK and CK-MB, and C-reactive proteins in chronic phase. In conclusion, during the chronic experimental T. cruzi infection, the combination therapy using enalapril plus benznidazole potentiated their immunomodulatory effects, resulting in a low production of biomarkers of cardiac lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlete Rita Penitente
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Estrutural, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Luísa Junqueira Leite
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Estrutural, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Guilherme de Paula Costa
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Estrutural, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Deena Shrestha
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Estrutural, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Aline Luciano Horta
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Estrutural, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Antônio J Natali
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Estrutural, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Clóvis A Neves
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Estrutural, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Andre Talvani
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Estrutural, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Penitente AR, Novaes RD, Silva ME, Silva MF, Quintão-Júnior JF, Guatimosim S, Cruz JS, Chianca DA, Natali AJ, Neves CA. Basal and β-adrenergic cardiomyocytes contractility dysfunction induced by dietary protein restriction is associated with downregulation of SERCA2a expression and disturbance of endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ regulation in rats. Cell Physiol Biochem 2014; 34:443-54. [PMID: 25095801 DOI: 10.1159/000363013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanisms responsible for the cardiac dysfunction associated with dietary protein restriction (PR) are poorly understood. Thus, this study was designed to evaluate the effects of PR on calcium kinetics, basal and β-adrenergic contractility in murine ventricular cardiomyocytes. METHODS After breastfeeding male Fisher rats were distributed into a control group (CG, n = 20) and a protein-restricted group (PRG, n = 20), receiving isocaloric diets for 35 days containing 15% and 6% protein, respectively. Biometric and hemodynamic variables were measured. After euthanasia left ventricles (LV) were collected for histopathological evaluation, SERCA2a expression, cardiomyocytes contractility and Ca(2+)sparks analysis. RESULTS PRG animals showed reduced general growth, increased heart rate and arterial pressure. These animals presented extracellular matrix expansion and disorganization, cardiomyocytes hypotrophy, reduced amplitudes of shortening and maximum velocity of contraction and relaxation at baseline and after β-adrenergic stimulation. Reduced SERCA2a expression as well as higher frequency and lower amplitude of Ca(2+)sparks were observed in PRG cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSION The observations reveal that protein restriction induces marked myocardial morphofunctional damage. The pathological changes of cardiomyocyte mechanics suggest the potential involvement of the β-adrenergic system, which is possibly associated with changes in SERCA2a expression and disturbances in Ca(2+) intracellular kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlete R Penitente
- Department of Basic Sciences, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Vale, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
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Penitente AR, Novaes RD, Chianca DA, da Silva MF, Silva ME, Souza AMA, Guatimosim S, Almeida PWM, Alves MNM, Felix LB, Neves CA, Natali AJ. Protein restriction after weaning modifies the calcium kinetics and induces cardiomyocyte contractile dysfunction in rats. Cells Tissues Organs 2013; 198:311-7. [PMID: 24247000 DOI: 10.1159/000355943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein restriction (PR) is associated with cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects on single ventricular cardiomyocyte contractile function of a short-term PR after weaning. Male Fischer rats that were 28 days old were randomly divided into a control group (CG, n = 16) and a protein-restricted group (PRG, n = 16). After weaning, CG and PRG animals received isocaloric diets containing 15 and 6% protein, respectively, for 35 days. Biometric parameters were then measured, and the hearts were removed for the analysis of contractile function and calcium transient in isolated cardiomyocytes of the left ventricule (LV), and the quantification of calcium and collagen fibers in LV myocardium. PRG animals had lower body weight (BW) and LV weight (LVW), an increased LVW to BW ratio and a higher proportion of collagen fibers than CG animals. PRG animals exhibited reduced tissue levels of calcium, reduced the length, width and volume of cardiomyocytes and their sarcomere length compared to CG animals. Cardiomyocytes from PRG animals had a lower amplitude of shortening, a slower time to the peak of shortening and a longer time to half-relaxation than those from the CG. Cardiomyocytes from PRG animals also presented a lower peak of calcium transient and a longer calcium transient decay time than CG animals. Taken together, the results indicate that short-term PR after weaning induces a marked structural remodeling of the myocardium parenchyma and stroma that coexists with contractile dysfunctions in single LV cardiomyocytes of rats, which is probably associated with pathological changes of the intracellular calcium kinetics, rather than inadequate available amounts of this mineral in cardiac tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlete R Penitente
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
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Novaes RD, Penitente AR, Gonçalves RV, Talvani A, Peluzio MCG, Neves CA, Natali AJ, Maldonado IRSC. Trypanosoma cruzi infection induces morphological reorganization of the myocardium parenchyma and stroma, and modifies the mechanical properties of atrial and ventricular cardiomyocytes in rats. Cardiovasc Pathol 2013; 22:270-9. [PMID: 23541389 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2012.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Revised: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigates morphofunctional adaptations of the heart stroma and parenchyma in rats that are chronically infected with Trypanosoma cruzi. METHODS Four-month-old male Wistar rats were randomized into control (n=14) and infected (n=14) groups. Infected animals were inoculated with T. cruzi Y strain. After 9 weeks, the animals were euthanized, and the right atrium (RA) and left ventricle (LV) were removed for biochemical, stereological, and cardiomyocyte mechanical analyses. RESULTS Infected animals presented cardiomyocyte atrophy and myocardial fibrosis. For these animals, the total volume, length, surface area, and cross-sectional area of cardiomyocytes were significantly reduced, and the total interstitial and collagen volumes were significantly increased in the RA and LV compared to the controls. The total volume and length of blood vessels were significantly increased in the LV, and the total blood vessel surface area was significantly higher in the RA of infected animals. RA and LV cardiomyocytes from infected animals exhibited a significant reduction in cell shortening (43.02% and 24.98%, respectively), prolongation of the time to the peak of contraction (17.09%) and the time to half relaxation (23.68%) compared to non-infected animals. Lipid hydroperoxides, but not mineral concentrations, were significantly increased in the RA and LV from infected animals, showing an inverse correlation with cell shortening. CONCLUSIONS T. cruzi infection induces global structural remodeling of the RA and LV in rats. This remodeling coexists with cardiomyocyte contractility dysfunction, which is possibly related to the abnormal organization of the myocardial stroma and increased cellular lipid peroxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rômulo D Novaes
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, MG, 36570-000, Brazil
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Novaes RD, Maldonado IRSC, Natali AJ, Neves CA, Talvani A. Elemental mapping of cardiac tissue by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy: proof of principle in Chaga's disease myocarditis model. Can J Cardiol 2013; 29:639.e3-4. [PMID: 23523108 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2013.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2012] [Revised: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rômulo D Novaes
- Department of Biological Sciences and Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Paiva AD, Fernandes KM, Dias RS, Rocha AS, de Oliveira LL, Neves CA, de Paula SO, Mantovani HC. Effects of the oral administration of viable and heat-killed Streptococcus bovis HC5 cells to pre-sensitized BALB/c mice. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48313. [PMID: 23144752 PMCID: PMC3483269 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Accepted: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides have been suggested as an alternative to classical antibiotics in livestock production and bacteriocin-producing bacteria could be added to animal feeds to deliver bacteriocins in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of ruminant and monogastric animals. In this study, viable (V) and heat-killed (HK) Streptococcus bovis HC5 cells were orally administered to pre-sensitized mice in order to assess the effects of a bacteriocin-producing bacteria on histological parameters and the immune response of the GI tract of monogastric animals. The administration of V and HK S. bovis HC5 cells during 58 days to BALB/c mice did not affect weight gain, but an increase in gut permeability was detected in animals receiving the HK cells. Viable and heat killed cells caused similar morphological alterations in the GI tract of the animals, but the most prominent effects were detected in the small intestine. The oral administration of S. bovis HC5 also influenced cytokine production in the small intestine, and the immune-mediated activity differed between V and HK cells. The relative expression of IL-12 and INF-γ was significantly higher in the small intestine of mice treated with V cells, while an increase in IL-5, IL-13 and TNF-α expression was only detected in mice treated with HK cells. Considering that even under a condition of severe challenge (pre-sensitization followed by daily exposure to the same bacterial immunogen) the general health of the animals was maintained, it appears that oral administration of S. bovis HC5 cells could be a useful route to deliver bacteriocin in the GI tract of livestock animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline D. Paiva
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Kenner M. Fernandes
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Roberto S. Dias
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Alípio S. Rocha
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Leandro L. de Oliveira
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Clóvis A. Neves
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sérgio O. de Paula
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Hilário C. Mantovani
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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12
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Fernandes KM, Martins GF, Serrão JE, Neves CA. Digestive and regenerative cells in the midgut of haploid and diploid males of the stingless bee Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Zoologia (Curitiba) 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-46702012000500015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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13
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Freitas-Ribeiro GM, Fonseca CC, Sartori SS, Loures-Ribeiro A, Neves CA. Endocrine cells and nerve ganglia of the small intestine of the Opossum Didelphis aurita Wied-Neuwied, 1826 (Mammalia: Didelphidae). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 84:747-58. [DOI: 10.1590/s0001-37652012005000045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2010] [Accepted: 03/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The nervous and endocrine systems jointly control intestinal movements, secretions of their glands and also participate of the processes of nutrient digestion and absorption. Therefore, the central objective of this study was to verify the existence of a possible relationship between the number of nervous cells and ganglia of the submucosal and myenteric plexuses and the number of endocrine cells in the small intestine of adult D. aurita. The utilized staining techniques were Grimelius, modified Masson-Fontana, direct immunoperoxidase and H-E. Argyrophillic, argentaffin and insulin immunoreactive endocrine cells do not numerically vary between the initial, mid and final regions of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum (P>0.05), except for argyrophillic cells in the jejunum (P>0.05). No numerical relationship has yet been verified between the number of nerve ganglia and endocrine cells, and also between nervous and endocrine cells. We recommended the use of new immunohistochemical techniques to confirm the numerical correlation between the nervous and endocrine systems in the small intestine. The morphology and distribution of endocrine cells and the nerve ganglia studied were similar to those encountered in eutherian mammals.
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Amaral TS, Carvalho TF, Silva MC, Goulart LS, Barros MS, Picanço MC, Neves CA, Freitas MB. Metabolic and Histopathological Alterations in the Fruit-Eating BatArtibeus lituratusInduced by the Organophosphorous Pesticide Fenthion. Acta Chiropterologica 2012. [DOI: 10.3161/150811012x654420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Amaral TS, Carvalho TF, Silva MC, Barros MS, Picanço MC, Neves CA, Freitas MB. Short-term effects of a spinosyn's family insecticide on energy metabolism and liver morphology in frugivorous bats Artibeus lituratus (Olfers, 1818). BRAZ J BIOL 2012; 72:299-304. [DOI: 10.1590/s1519-69842012000200010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2011] [Accepted: 06/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A new class of insecticide derived from fermentation of Sacharopolyspora spinosa - spinosad, has been indicated as being of low toxicity and a natural alternative to classical pesticides. In order to elucidate several aspects related to the morphophysiological changes induced by spinosad in Artibeus lituratus, the effects of a seven-day administration on plasma glucose, glycogen, protein and lipid concentrations were evaluated, and possible changes in liver cells were examined by histological analysis. Animals were fed with spinosyn-contaminated fruit through immersion in a solution. Data reporting on metabolism revealed a decrease in hind limb muscle lipid concentration in the treated group. Morphological analysis indicated a significant increase in liver cell diameter in treated animals compared to the control group. This study indicates that spinosyn, used at its recommended dose, does not affect general energy metabolism in A. lituratus but may affect some ultrastructural characteristics of liver cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- TS Amaral
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Brazil
| | | | - MC Silva
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Brazil
| | - MS Barros
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Brazil
| | | | - CA Neves
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Brazil
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16
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Novaes RD, Gonçalves RV, Cupertino MC, Marques DCS, Rosa DD, Peluzio MDCG, Neves CA, Leite JPV. Bark extract of Bathysa cuspidata attenuates extra-pulmonary acute lung injury induced by paraquat and reduces mortality in rats. Int J Exp Pathol 2012; 93:225-33. [PMID: 22429505 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2613.2012.00808.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of the bark extract of Bathysa cuspidata on paraquat (PQ)-induced extra-pulmonary acute lung injury (ALI) and mortality in rats. ALI was induced with a single dose of PQ (30 mg/kg, i.p.), and animals were treated with B. cuspidata extract (200 and 400 mg/kg). Analyses were conducted of survival, cell migration, lung oedema, malondialdehyde, proteins carbonyls, catalase, superoxide dismutase, histopathology and the stereology of lung tissue. Rats exposed to PQ and treated with 200 and 400 mg of the extract presented lower mortality (20% and 30%), compared with PQ alone group (50%). Furthermore, lung oedema, septal thickening, alveolar collapse, haemorrhage, cell migration, malondialdehyde and proteins carbonyl levels decreased, and catalase and superoxide dismutase activity were maintained. These results show that the bark extract of B. cuspidata reduced PQ-induced extra-pulmonary ALI and mortality in rats and suggest that these effects may be associated with the inhibition of oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rômulo D Novaes
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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17
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Cruz LC, Araújo VA, Dolder H, Araújo APA, Serrão JE, Neves CA. Morphometry of the midgut of Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides (Lepeletier) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) during metamorphosis. Neotrop Entomol 2011; 40:677-681. [PMID: 23939274 DOI: 10.1590/s1519-566x2011000600007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2010] [Accepted: 03/30/2011] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In Hymenoptera, midgut changes begin in the last instar. At this stage, the larval epithelial digestive cells degenerate, leaving only the basal membrane and the regenerative cells which will develop into a new epithelium during the pupal stage and in the adult. Epithelium renewal is followed by changes in volume and shape of the midgut. Morphometric analysis of digestive cells and total midgut volume of Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides (Lepeletier) were conducted to verify whether cell volume increase are sufficient to account for the total midgut volume increase that occurs during metamorphosis. An increase in midgut volume was verified in spite of the scarcity of cell proliferation found during metamorphosis. At the end of metamorphosis, the increase in cell volume was not sufficient to explain the increase in volume of the midgut, indicating that an increase in the number of digestive cells is apparently necessary. Nevertheless, the mechanism by which regenerative cells reconstitute the epithelium during metamorphosis remains unknown.
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18
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Novaes RD, Penitente AR, Gonçalves RV, Talvani A, Neves CA, Maldonado IRSC, Natali AJ. Effects of Trypanosoma cruzi infection on myocardial morphology, single cardiomyocyte contractile function and exercise tolerance in rats. Int J Exp Pathol 2011; 92:299-307. [PMID: 21736646 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2613.2011.00781.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi) infection on myocardial morphology, single cardiomyocyte contractile function and exercise tolerance in rats. Adult Wistar rats were randomized into control (n = 14) and infected (n = 14) groups. Infected animals were inoculated with T. cruzi Y strain (300,000 trypomastigotes/50 g body weight). After 9 weeks, the animals were subjected to a treadmill running protocol. Then, the right atrium (RA) and left ventricle (LV) were removed for morphological and cell contractile evaluation. The infected animals exhibited a significant reduction in distance travelled, total time to fatigue and workload. In addition, these animals had hypertrophy, increased myocardial cellularity, and an increase in the proportion of collagen and blood vessels. RA and LV myocytes from infected animals showed marked contractile dysfunction under basal conditions and a reduced contractile response to β-adrenergic stimulation. The workload of infected animals was correlated closely with the amplitude of cell shortening of RA and LV myocytes. T. cruzi infection influenced the myocardial morphology and the mechanical properties of RA and LV single myocytes negatively and reduced exercise tolerance. Single cardiomyocyte contractile dysfunction could constitute an additional mechanism of cardiac impairment and reduced exercise tolerance in this infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rômulo D Novaes
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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19
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Araújo VA, Freitas FV, Moreira J, Neves CA, Lino-Neto J. Morphology of male reproductive system of two solitary bee species (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Neotrop Entomol 2010; 39:595-600. [PMID: 20877997 DOI: 10.1590/s1519-566x2010000400020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2009] [Accepted: 11/23/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Bees can form all levels of social organization, from solitary to advanced eusocial societies. Although 80% of the species exist as solitary species, most researches emphasize social species. This study focuses on the description of the male reproductive system of the solitary beesThygater analis (Lepeletier) and Melitoma segmentaria (Fabricius) and searches for traits that support behavioral and phylogenetic studies. The reproductive system of males were dissected, fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde in 0.1 M sodium cacodylate buffer pH 7.2 and post-fixed with 1% osmium tetroxide. The tissue was dissected and included for light microscopy. The species presented similar anatomical traits, including paired testicles, seminal vesicles, deferent ducts, accessory glands and an ejaculatory duct. Each testicle was composed of four follicles. In both species, a testicle and a seminal vesicle were surrounded by a joint capsule, forming a seminal vesicle-testicle complex. The two species presented accessory glands with very distinct morphological traits. The anatomic pattern and the histological traits of the reproductive system of the species studied were similar to those described for other bees. In addition, these traits can be used to differentiate species and allow inferences concerning their reproductive biology.
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Abstract
In this study we describe the ultrastructure of the endocrine cells observed in the midgut of M. quadrifasciata anthidioides. This bee has two types of endocrine cells, which are numerous on the posterior midgut region. Cells of the closed type are smaller and have irregular secretory granules with lower electrondensity than those of the open cell type. The open cell type has elongated mitochondria mainly on the basal area, where most of the secretory granules are also found. Besides the secretion granules and mitochondria, endocrine cells in this species have well-developed autophagic vacuoles and Golgi complex elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Neves
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Neves CA, Bhering LL, Serrão JE, Gitirana LB. FMRFamide-like midgut endocrine cells during the metamorphosis in Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides (Hymenoptera, Apidae). Micron 2002; 33:453-60. [PMID: 11976033 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-4328(01)00043-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The FMRFamide, gastrin and cholecystokinin (CCK) occurrence in endocrine cells of insects has been described by several authors, although their functions are still not well defined for this group of animals. In the present study, the occurrence of endocrine cells producing FMRFamide, gastrin 1 and CCK-8 in the midgut (ventriculus) of Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides (Hymenoptera, Apidae), before, during and after the metamorphosis, were investigated by means of pre-embedding immunofluorescence techniques. FMRFamide reactivity was found in the endocrine cells as well as in the nervous fibers and neurons of the intestine of these bees. 'Open' and 'closed' types of FMRFamide-like cells were observed in last instar larvae. In the black eyed pupae the producing cells of FMRFamide seemed to be immature, and, in the workers, where the FMRFamide producing cells were more abundant, the production of this substance seemed to occur only in the open cells. Reactivity of the nervous fibers and neurons were observed, during the prepupae, white eyed pupae, and pink eyed pupae. The same did not occur with the midgut endocrine cells. There were no immunoreactivity observations for gastrin 1 and for CCK-8. The FMRFamide-like cells were present in the midgut of these insects during or close to the period that they were eating, which indicates that the FMRFamide may be involved in the control of the digestive process.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Neves
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36571-000, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
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Neves CA, Peixoto EB, Serrão JE. Histochemistry of the cuticle from proventriculus in stingless bee, Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides (Hymenoptera, Apidae). Folia Histochem Cytobiol 2001; 38:193-6. [PMID: 11185726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Histochemical study of the proventriculus from stingless bee Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides revealed for the first time the presence of cysteine-rich proteins in the cuticle that covers the bulb of the proventriculus and its associated hair-like process. The presence of tyrosine-rich proteins was observed in the same structure, but not in hair-like projections. The cuticle of the crop and a small portion of the proventriculus contained no acid carbohydrates or fats and small amounts of neutral carbohydrates. These results are discussed in relation to different composition of insect cuticle depending on its different functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Neves
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Brazil
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Neves CA, Santos EA, Bainy AC. Reduced superoxide dismutase activity in Palaemonetes argentinus (Decapoda, Palemonidae) infected by Probopyrus ringueleti (Isopoda, Bopyridae). Dis Aquat Organ 2000; 39:155-158. [PMID: 10715822 DOI: 10.3354/dao039155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Cellular oxidative stress may promote damage or death in biological systems and may be caused by production of pro-oxidant molecules known as reactive oxygen species (ROS). The aim of this work was to analyze the activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase [CAT], superoxide dismutase [SOD] and glutathione peroxidase [GPx]) in the shrimp Palaemonetes argentinus Nobili, 1901 infected by Probopyrus ringueleti (Verdi & Schuldt, 1987), a gill chamber parasite known for its capacity to cause host metabolic changes, including changes in oxygen consumption rates. Infested and non-infested shrimp were collected in the Patos Lagoon estuary (southern Brasil), where the prevalence of the parasite may be as high as 70%. No significant differences were observed for either CAT or GPx activities. However, SOD activity was significantly reduced in infected shrimp, suggesting that bopyrid isopod respiratory impairment resulted in reduced SOD enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Neves
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Fundação Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil.
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Wolosker N, Guadêncio A, Kuzniec S, Rosoky RA, Kalume C, Neves CA, Aun R, Langer B. Surgical treatment of noniatrogenic trauma of the femoral arteries. SAO PAULO MED J 1996; 114:1079-82. [PMID: 8984583 DOI: 10.1590/s1516-31801996000100004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Trauma to the femoral arteries corresponds to 30 percent of all arterial traumas. The authors reviewed 74 patients with noniatrogenic trauma of the femoral arteries treated from January 1991 to December 1993. Ages ranged from 11 to 50 years, with a mean of 24. Seventy-one patients were male and three female. Fifty-two patients (70.2 percent) were white, 20 (27 percent) were black and two (2.8 percent) were Asian. Trauma due to firearms had the highest incidence, with 61 cases (82.4 percent). Absence of pulse was the most frequent clinical symptom (62.5 percent). Severe ischemia, with risk of loss of limb, was found in 66.2 percent of the cases. The superficial femoral artery was impaired in 77 percent of the cases. A preoperative arteriography was performed on only five patients, victims of multiple penetrating trauma or an asymptomatic penetrating wound along a vessel passage. In six cases, arterial and venous ligature was the chosen procedure. In three cases, a primary arterial anantomosis was performed. Simple arterriorraphy was feasible in one patient. In 64 of the patients, a venous graft was undertaken using a segment of the inverted great saphenous vein withdrawn from the other lower limb. Fasciotomoy was used in 32 patients (43.2 percent), all of whom exhibited pasting of the lower limb muscles at admission. One patient died during the immediate postoperative period as the result of multiple organ failure caused by polytraumatism. Preservation of the limb was attained in 72 patients (97.3 percent) Severe, previously-incurred ischemia was responsible for the only two amputations, aggravated by an exceedingly long delay between the time of injury and surgery. One of these patients, in addition to severe ischemia, had extensive injuries to the soft tissues. We conclude that trauma of the femoral arteries, attended while the limb still maintains its vitality, has a positive clinical outcome with a high rate of limb preservation. Mortality usually results from injury to other organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Wolosker
- Department of Surgery, University of São Paulo, Brazil
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