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Harmalkar DS, Sivaraman A, Nada H, Lee J, Kang H, Choi Y, Lee K. Natural products as IL-6 inhibitors for inflammatory diseases: Synthetic and SAR perspective. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:1683-1726. [PMID: 38305581 DOI: 10.1002/med.22022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a pleiotropic cytokine, plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of various diseases including diabetes, atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, multiple myeloma, rheumatoid arthritis, and prostate cancer. The signaling pathways associated with IL-6 offer promising targets for therapeutic interventions in inflammatory diseases and IL-6-dependent tumors. Although certain anti-IL-6 monoclonal antibodies are currently employed clinically, their usage is hampered by drawbacks such as high cost and potential immunogenicity, limiting their application. Thus, the imperative arises to develop novel small non-peptide molecules acting as IL-6 inhibitors. Various natural products derived from diverse sources have been investigated for their potential to inhibit IL-6 activity. Nevertheless, these natural products remain inadequately explored in terms of their structure-activity relationships. In response, our review aims to provide syntheses and structure activity perspective of natural IL-6 inhibitors. The comprehensive amalgamation of information presented in this review holds the potential to serve as a foundation for forthcoming research endeavors by medicinal chemists, facilitating the design of innovative IL-6 inhibitors to address the complexities of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipesh S Harmalkar
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, South Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Government College of Arts, Science & Commerce, Sanquelim, Goa, India
| | - Aneesh Sivaraman
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, South Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hossam Nada
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Joohan Lee
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Hyeseul Kang
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Yongseok Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyeong Lee
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, South Korea
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Wang ZH, Liu X, Cui Y, Wang YH, Lv ZL, Cheng L, Liu B, Liu H, Liu XY, Deyholos MK, Han ZM, Yang LM, Xiong AS, Zhang J. Genomic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses provide insights into the evolution and development of a medicinal plant Saposhnikovia divaricata (Apiaceae). HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhae105. [PMID: 38883332 PMCID: PMC11179723 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhae105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Saposhnikovia divaricata, 2n = 2x = 16, as a perennial species, is widely distributed in China, Mongolia, Russia, etc. It is a traditional Chinese herb used to treat tetanus, rubella pruritus, rheumatic arthralgia, and other diseases. Here, we assembled a 2.07 Gb and N50 scaffold length of 227.67 Mb high-quality chromosome-level genome of S. divaricata based on the PacBio Sequel II sequencing platform. The total number of genes identified was 42 948, and 42 456 of them were functionally annotated. A total of 85.07% of the genome was composed of repeat sequences, comprised mainly of long terminal repeats (LTRs) which represented 73.7% of the genome sequence. The genome size may have been affected by a recent whole-genome duplication event. Transcriptional and metabolic analyses revealed bolting and non-bolting S. divaricata differed in flavonoids, plant hormones, and some pharmacologically active components. The analysis of its genome, transcriptome, and metabolome helped to provide insights into the evolution of bolting and non-bolting phenotypes in wild and cultivated S. divaricata and lays the basis for genetic improvement of the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Hui Wang
- Faculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yi Cui
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yun-He Wang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Ze-Liang Lv
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Lin Cheng
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Bao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Hui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xin-Yang Liu
- Faculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Michael K Deyholos
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia, Okanagan V1V1V7, Canada
| | - Zhong-Ming Han
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Li-Min Yang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Ai-Sheng Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Faculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia, Okanagan V1V1V7, Canada
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Przybył JL, Stefaniak J, Jaroszewicz A, Gawrońska A, Łapiński M, Bączek KB, Węglarz Z. Determining Antiradical Capacity of Medicinal Plant Extract Individual Constituents Using Post-Column Reaction Method. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5461. [PMID: 38791498 PMCID: PMC11122392 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The post-column reaction method enables the evaluation of the antiradical capacity of individual components in a mixture by separating the components using HPLC and measuring stable free radical (e.g., DPPH●) scavenging that occurs after the chromatography column. The equipment typically consists of two detectors. The first records signals of the analytes leaving the column. The second records radical scavenging by the analytes, which appears as a negative band. The recorded signals are found on two separate chromatograms, which must be combined to interpret the results. In this study, a single DAD detector was used behind the post-column reactor, enabling the simultaneous recording of the analyte bands and negative signals, indicating radical scavenging. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antiradical capacity of key compounds found in two herbal raw materials used in traditional Chinese medicine. Saposhnikovia divaricata roots contain phenolic acids, chromones, and furanocoumarins. Chlorogenic acid, rosmarinic acid, and imperatorin demonstrated strong radical scavenging, while prim-O-glucoslocimifugin showed a weaker response, both in standards and in root extracts. However, scavenging was not observed for cimifugin and 4'-O-β-D-glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol. Astragalus mongholicus roots contain astragalosides I-IV (triterpene saponins). None of these showed DPPH● scavenging. Furthermore, additional signals were observed, indicating the presence of unidentified radical scavenging compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarosław L. Przybył
- Department of Vegetable and Medicinal Plants, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warszawa, Poland (A.J.)
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Jiang Y, Zhong S, Tan H, Fu Y, Lai J, Liu L, Weng J, Chen H, He S. Study on the mechanism of action of Saposhnikovia divaricata and its key phytochemical on rheumatoid arthritis based on network pharmacology and bioinformatics. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 322:117586. [PMID: 38104871 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk (SD; called "fangfeng" in China) has been widely used in the clinical treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and has shown well therapeutic effects, but the specific mechanisms of action of its bioactive phytochemicals remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the molecular biological mechanism of SD in treating RA through a pharmacology-based strategy. The SD-specific core ingredient Prangenidin was screened for further in-depth study. MATERIALS AND METHODS The bioactive phytochemicals of SD and potential targets for the treatment of RA were screened by network pharmacology, and phytochemicals-related parameters such as pharmacology, and toxicology were evaluated. The protein interaction network was established to screen the core targets, and the correlation between the core targets and RA was further validated by bioinformatics strategy. Finally, molecular docking of core components and corresponding targets was performed. The in vitro experiments were performed to elucidate the regulation of Prangenidin on MH7A cells and on the PI3K/AKT pathway, and the in vivo therapeutic effect of Prangenidin was validated in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice. RESULTS A total of 18 bioactive phytochemicals and 66 potential target genes intersecting with the screened RA disease target genes were identified from SD. Finally, core ingredients such as wogonin, beta-sitosterol, 5-O-Methylvisamminol, and prangenidin and core targets such as PTGS2, RELA, and AKT1 were obtained. The underlying mechanism of SD in treating RA might be achieved by regulating pathways such as PI3K/AKT, IL-17 pathway, apoptosis, and multiple biological processes to exert anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. Molecular docking confirmed that all core ingredients and key targets had great docking activity. Prangenidin inhibited viability, migration, and invasion, and induced apoptosis in MH7A cells. Prangenidin also reduced the production of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, MMP-1, and MMP-3. Molecular analysis showed that Prangenidin exerts its regulatory effect on MH7A cells by inhibiting PI3K/AKT pathway. Treatment with Prangenidin ameliorated synovial inflammation in the joints of mice with CIA. CONCLUSION Our findings provide insights into the therapeutic effects of SD on RA, successfully predicting the effective ingredients and potential targets, which could suggest a novel theoretical basis for further exploration of its molecular mechanisms. It also revealed that Prangenidin inhibited viability, migration, invasion, cytokine, and MMPs expression, and induced apoptosis in RA FLSs via the PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Jiang
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China; Department of Spine Surgery, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Shuxin Zhong
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Huangsheng Tan
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China; Department of Spine Surgery, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Yuanfei Fu
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China; Department of Spine Surgery, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Juyi Lai
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China; Department of Spine Surgery, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Lijin Liu
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Juanling Weng
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Hanwei Chen
- Department of Radiology, Panyu Health Management Center (Panyu Rehabilitation Hospital), Guangzhou, 511495, China.
| | - Shenghua He
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China; Department of Spine Surgery, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, China.
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Lu Y, He Z, Wang Q, Lei T, Ning N, Chen X, Wu X, Wang S, Wan L, Cao J. An advanced strategy for quality evaluation of Xinyi Biyan Pill by UPLC-DAD fingerprinting combined with multi-components UPLC-MS/MS analysis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 239:115858. [PMID: 38042092 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Xinyi Biyan Pill (XBP) is a classical Chinese patent medicine and widely used to treat acute and chronic or allergic rhinitis in clinical practice. This study aimed to establish and validate a comprehensive strategy combining ultra-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector (UPLC-DAD) fingerprinting and multi-component quantification for quality evaluation of XBP. In the fingerprint analysis, 32 peaks were selected as common peaks and used to evaluate the similarity of 12 batches of XBP. In addition, 141 compounds of XBP were identified or preliminarily characterized in both positive and negative ion modes by coupling with an advanced hybrid linear ion trap (LTQ)-Orbitrap mass spectrometer. Moreover, a rapid quantitative method based on UPLC tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) has been optimized and validated for simultaneous determination of 10 chemical markers within 15 min, and applied to analyzing 12 batches of XBP. The proposed comprehensive strategy combining UPLC-DAD fingerprinting and multi-component UPLC-MS/MS quantification exhibited satisfactory results with high efficiency, accuracy and reliability, which can be used as a reference for overall quality consistency evaluation of Chinese herbal formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China; College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zixin He
- Guangzhou Baiyunshan Zhongyi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ting Lei
- Guangzhou Baiyunshan Zhongyi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Na Ning
- Guangzhou Baiyunshan Zhongyi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyang Chen
- Guangzhou Baiyunshan Zhongyi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Shengpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Li Wan
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Jiliang Cao
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China.
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Chen Y, Zhang T, Chen C, Xu Z, Liu C. Transcriptomics explores the potential of flavonoid in non-medicinal parts of Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1067920. [PMID: 36923128 PMCID: PMC10010146 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1067920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Saposhnikovia divaricata is a traditional Chinese medicine in China, which is widely used in clinic. The root of S. divaricata is often used as medicine, but little research has been done on its other tissues. METHODS In this study, the contents of root and leaf of S. divaricata were determined by HPLC, the differentially expressed genes were screened by transcriptome sequencing at molecular level, and then verified by network pharmacology. RESULTS The results showed that the content of 4'-O-β-D-glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol in the leaves was significantly higher than that in the roots, which was about 3 times higher than that in the roots. In addition, 10 differentially expressed key enzyme genes were screened in plant hormone signal transduction, phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthetic pathways. C4H and CYP98A were up-regulated in root, while F3H was down-regulated in root. They can be used as important candidate genes for the mechanism of quality difference of S. divaricata. Finally, network pharmacological validation showed that 5-O-methylvesamitol plays an important role in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. DISCUSSION These findings not only provide insight into flavonoid biosynthesis in S. divaricata associated molecular regulation, but also provide a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of S. divaricata.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tao Zhang
- *Correspondence: Tao Zhang, ; Changbao Chen,
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Liu HM, Cheng MY, Xun MH, Zhao ZW, Zhang Y, Tang W, Cheng J, Ni J, Wang W. Possible Mechanisms of Oxidative Stress-Induced Skin Cellular Senescence, Inflammation, and Cancer and the Therapeutic Potential of Plant Polyphenols. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043755. [PMID: 36835162 PMCID: PMC9962998 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
As the greatest defense organ of the body, the skin is exposed to endogenous and external stressors that produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). When the antioxidant system of the body fails to eliminate ROS, oxidative stress is initiated, which results in skin cellular senescence, inflammation, and cancer. Two main possible mechanisms underlie oxidative stress-induced skin cellular senescence, inflammation, and cancer. One mechanism is that ROS directly degrade biological macromolecules, including proteins, DNA, and lipids, that are essential for cell metabolism, survival, and genetics. Another one is that ROS mediate signaling pathways, such as MAPK, JAK/STAT, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, NF-κB, Nrf2, and SIRT1/FOXO, affecting cytokine release and enzyme expression. As natural antioxidants, plant polyphenols are safe and exhibit a therapeutic potential. We here discuss in detail the therapeutic potential of selected polyphenolic compounds and outline relevant molecular targets. Polyphenols selected here for study according to their structural classification include curcumin, catechins, resveratrol, quercetin, ellagic acid, and procyanidins. Finally, the latest delivery of plant polyphenols to the skin (taking curcumin as an example) and the current status of clinical research are summarized, providing a theoretical foundation for future clinical research and the generation of new pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Min Liu
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
- Engineering Research Center of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Ming-Yan Cheng
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Meng-Han Xun
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Zhao
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Wei Tang
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Jun Cheng
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Jia Ni
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
- Engineering Research Center of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201418, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-18918830550
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Vega J, Catalá TS, García-Márquez J, Speidel LG, Arijo S, Cornelius Kunz N, Geisler C, Figueroa FL. Molecular Diversity and Biochemical Content in Two Invasive Alien Species: Looking for Chemical Similarities and Bioactivities. Mar Drugs 2022; 21:5. [PMID: 36662178 PMCID: PMC9861339 DOI: 10.3390/md21010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The biochemical composition, molecular diversity, and two different bioactivities of Asparagopsis armata and Rugulopteryx okamurae (two alien species with different invasive patterns in the southern Iberian Peninsula) were analyzed through spectrophotometric methods and Fourier transform ion cyclotron mass spectroscopy (FT-ICR-MS). A total of 3042 molecular formulas were identified from the different extracts. The dH2O extracts were the most molecularly different. A. armata presented the highest content of nitrogenous compounds (proteins, CHON) and sulphur content, whereas R. okamurae was rich in carbonated compounds (total carbon, lipids, CHO, and CHOP). Antioxidant capacity and phenolic content were higher in R. okamurae than in A. armata. Antimicrobial activity was detected from both species. A. armata showed capacity to inhibit human and fish pathogens (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus or Vibrio anguillarum), whereas R. okamurae only showed inhibition against human bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Cutibacterium acnes). In R. okamurae, molecules with a great number of pharmaceutical activities (e.g., anti-inflammatory or antitumoral), antibacterial, biomaterial, and other utilities were found. The main molecules of A. armata had also pharmaceutical applications (e.g., antimalarian, antithrombotic, anti-inflammatory, or antiarthritis). The valorization of these species can help to counteract the environmental effects of the bioinvasions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Vega
- Andalusian Institute of Blue Biotechnology and Development (IBYDA), Ecology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Malaga University, Campus Universitario de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Malaga, Spain
| | - Teresa S. Catalá
- Research Group for Marine Geochemistry, Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl von Ossietzky University, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
- Organization for Science, Education and Global Society, 70563 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jorge García-Márquez
- Andalusian Institute of Blue Biotechnology and Development (IBYDA), Microbiology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Malaga University, Campus Universitario de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Malaga, Spain
| | - Linn G. Speidel
- Biogeoscience Group, Geological Institute, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstr. 5, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Salvador Arijo
- Andalusian Institute of Blue Biotechnology and Development (IBYDA), Microbiology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Malaga University, Campus Universitario de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Malaga, Spain
| | - Niklas Cornelius Kunz
- Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Biotechnology, ValueData GmbH, 51429 Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
| | - Christoph Geisler
- Organization for Science, Education and Global Society, 70563 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Félix L. Figueroa
- Andalusian Institute of Blue Biotechnology and Development (IBYDA), Ecology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Malaga University, Campus Universitario de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Malaga, Spain
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Chemical composition-based characterization of the anti-allergic effect of Guominkang Formula on IgE-mediated mast cells activation and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. Chin J Nat Med 2022; 20:925-936. [PMID: 36549806 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(22)60225-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Guominkang (GMK), a Chinese medicine formula, has been used to treat allergic diseases in clinical settings for many years. To evaluate the antiallergic effect and molecular mechanism of action of GMK extract, RBL-2H3 cell models and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) mouse models were established. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) analyses were performed to characterize the chemical composition of GMK. A total of 94 compounds were identified or tentatively identified from GMK. Three of them, emodin, ursolic acid, and hamaudol, were identified for the first time as potential active compounds in GMK, since they inhibited the degranulation of mast cells. The anti-allergic effect of hamaudol was the first to be discovered. GMK could markedly mitigate the shade of Evans Blue extravasation and ear incrassation in PCA mouse models. Additionally, GMK significantly inhibited the degranulation of mast cells, suppressed mast cell degranulation by reducing Ca2+ influx and the levels of TNF-α, IL-4, and histamine, and markedly inhibited the phosphorylation of Lyn, Syk, PLCγ1, IκBα, and NF-κB p65. Molecular docking results indicated that hamaudol and emodin had strong interaction with FcɛRI and NF-κB related proteins, while ursolic acid only interacted with NF-κB associated proteins. These results suggest GMK suppresses the activation of MCs both in vivo and in vitro. The underlying mechanism of its anti-allergic activity is associated with the inhibition of FcɛRI and NF-κB activation.
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Shen HF, Liu Y, Qu PP, Tang Y, Li BB, Cheng GL. MiR-361-5p/ abca1 and MiR-196-5p/ arhgef12 Axis Involved in γ-Sitosterol Inducing Dual Anti-Proliferative Effects on Bronchial Epithelial Cells of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2021; 16:2741-2753. [PMID: 34675500 PMCID: PMC8502110 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s326015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a progressive and irreversible respiratory disease, becomes the third leading cause of death and results in enormous economic burden on healthcare costs and productivity loss worldwide by 2020. Thus, it is urgent to develop effective anti-COPD drugs. Materials and Methods In the present study, two published GEO profiles were used to re-analyze and ascertain the relationships between circulating miRNAs and bronchial epithelial cells (BECs) mRNAs in COPD. The microRNA levels of miR-361-5p and miR-196-5p in plasma of COPD patients and healthy volunteers were detected by qRT-PCR. Next, the effects of γ-sitosterol (GS) on the expression of miR-361-5p and miR-196-5p and cell proliferation were investigated in BEC and H292 cell lines. Finally, whether specific miRNA-mRNA pathways involved in the effect of GS on BECs was assayed using Western Blot, real-time PCR and immunofluorescence. Results miR-196-5p and miR-361-5p were, respectively, up- and down-regulated in COPD patients compared with healthy controls. Luciferase assays demonstrated that miR-361-5p and miR-196-5p were, respectively, targeting abca1 and arhgef12 3ʹUTR in BEAS-2B cells. GS significantly suppressed miR-196-5p and promoted miR-361-5p levels in BEAS-2B cells and inhibited BECs proliferation in vitro. GS promoted miR-361-5p expression, which inhibited BCAT1 mRNA and protein levels and weaken mTOR-pS6K pathway, resulted in anti-proliferation in BEAS-2B cells. In addition, RhoA was activated by ARHGEF12 due to the inhibitory effect of miR-196-5p on arhgef12-3ʹUTR which was partially abolished by GS suppressing miR-196-5p expression. Activated RhoA further activated ROCK1-PTEN pathway and finally inhibited mTOR pathway, resulting in induced BECs proliferation. The anti-proliferation effect of GS was not observed in H292 cells. Conclusion These findings indicate that miR-361-5p/abca1 and miR-196-5p/arhgef12 axis mediated GS inducing dual anti-proliferation effects on BECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Fen Shen
- Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Liu
- Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping-Ping Qu
- Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Tang
- Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264000, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing-Bing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd., Linyi, 276006, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Liang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd., Linyi, 276006, People's Republic of China
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