Relationship between premenstrual syndrome and basic personality traits: a cross-sectional study

Prevalence of premenstrual syndrome and its associations with dietary and other lifestyle factors among university female students in Dubai: A cross-sectional study

BACKGROUND

Premenstrual syndrome is a relatively prevalent condition that affects a significant number of menstruating women worldwide. It can range from mild to severe and may interfere with daily activities.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to investigate the prevalence of premenstrual syndrome and its associated factors among female university students in Dubai.

DESIGN

This study was designed as a cross-sectional study.

METHODS

The analysis for this study involved 217 female university students (aged ⩾18 years old) who completed a self-reported online questionnaire. Participants were recruited through simple random sampling, and the study received ethical approval from the Zayed University Ethical Committee.

RESULTS

All participants reported that they experienced at least one premenstrual syndrome symptom with different levels of severity. The prevalence rate of psychological, physical, and behavioral symptoms was 83.0%, 79.4%, and 76.6%, respectively. The most frequently reported premenstrual psychological symptoms were loss of control (69.6%). Most reported physical premenstrual symptoms included lethargy/fatigue/decreased energy (56.7%); premenstrual syndrome symptoms interfered with participants' daily routines (45.2%). Normal body mass index, no smoking, milk consumption, cruciferous vegetables, fruits, animal foods, fish oil supplements, and no fast-food consumption were all significant factors associated with decreasing premenstrual syndrome.

CONCLUSIONS

Premenstrual syndrome is a common menstrual disorder among university students that interferes with their daily routines. Dietary habits and other lifestyle factors were highly related to premenstrual syndrome. Therefore, health promotion programs are highly recommended to encourage healthy diets and lifestyles for females as early as adolescence at the school level.

Development and validation of risk prediction model for premenstrual syndrome in nurses: results from the nurses-based the TARGET cohort study

Objective

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) stands as a significant concern within the realm gynecological disorders, profoundly impacting women of childbearing age in China. However, the elusive nature of its risk factors necessitates investigation. This study, therefore, is dedicated to unraveling the intricacies of PMS by focusing on nurses, a cohort with unique occupational stressors, to develop and validate a predictive model for assessing the risk of PMS.

Methods

This investigation employed a multi-center cross-sectional analysis drawing upon data from the TARGET Nurses' health cohort. Utilizing online survey versions of the Premenstrual Syndrome Scale (PMSS), a comprehensive dataset encompassing physiological, social, psychological, occupational, and behavioral variables was collected from 18,645 participants. A stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify independent risk factors for PMS. Furthermore, a refined variable selection process was executed, combining the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) method with 10-fold cross-validation. The visualization of the risk prediction model was achieved through a nomogram, and its performance was evaluated using the C index, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and the calibration curves.

Results

Among the diverse variables explored, this study identified several noteworthy predictors of PMS in nurses, including tea or coffee consumption, sleep quality, menstrual cycle regularity, intermenstrual bleeding episodes, dysmenorrhea severity, experiences of workplace bullying, trait coping style, anxiety, depression and perceived stress levels. The prediction model exhibited robust discriminatory power, with an area under the curve of 0.765 for the training set and 0.769 for the test set. Furthermore, the calibration curve underscored the model's high degree of alignment with observed outcomes.

Conclusion

The developed model showcases exceptional accuracy in identifying nurses at risk of PMS. This early alert system holds potential to significantly enhance nurses' well-being and underscore the importance of professional support.

Yabancı Uyruklu Öğrencilerin Kültürel Özellikleri, Kadın Sağlığı ve Sağlık Hizmeti Alımı İlişkisi

Giriş: Yabancı uyruklu öğrencilerin farklı dil ve kültürel özelliklere sahip olması, sağlık hizmeti alımı ve kadın sağlığı açısından önemlidir. Amaç: Çalışmada yabancı uyruklu kadın öğrencilerin kültürel özelliklerinin kadın sağlığı ve sağlık bakım hizmeti alma durumları arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Kesitsel ve tanımlatıcı nitelikte olan araştırmanın örneklemini 2019-2020 güz yarıyılında ULUTÖMER’de öğrenim gören, 27 ülkeden oluşan, 62 kadın öğrenci oluşturdu. Verileri toplama aracı olarak “Hemşirelik Bakımında Kültürel Özellikleri Tanılama Rehberi” kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Yaş ortalaması 20.66±2.52 olan kadın öğrencilerin %93.5’i bekârdır. Bu öğrencilerin menstruasyon ağrısı için geleneksel ya da tıbbi tedavi uygulamalarının ülkeler arasında anlamlı düzeyde farklı olduğu belirlenmiştir (p < .005). Çalışmada öğrencilerin sağlık bakım sistemi ilişkin bilgi engelli ve kadın sağlığına ilişkin kültürel uygulamaları arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur (r = .253, p = .047). Öğrencilerin sağlık hizmeti alımında iletişim engeli ile inancı gereği sağlık bakım hizmeti alamaya engel olan durumlar arasında orta düzeyde negatif yönlü (r = -.317, p = .012), sağlık bakım hizmetine ulaşım engeli arasında da pozitif yönlü güçlü ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiştir (r = .480, p = .000). Sonuç: Yabancı uyruklu kadın öğrencilerin kadın sağlığına ilişkin kültürel uygulamaları ile sağlık bakım hizmetinde yaşadıkları engeller arasında pozitif yönde ilişki belirlenmiştir. Öğrencilerin sağlık hizmeti alımında iletişim engeli arttıkça, sağlık bakım hizmeti alama engelini de artırdığını göstermiştir.

Association of fish intake with menstrual pain: A cross-sectional study of the Japan Environment and Children’s Study

The relationship between fish eating habits and menstrual pain is unknown. Elucidating this relationship can inform dietary guidance for reproductive age women with menstrual pain. The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship between fish intake frequency/preference and menstrual pain. This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Miyagi Regional Center as an adjunct study of the Japan Environment and Children’s Study, and 2060 eligible women (mean age, 31.9 years) participated. Fish intake frequency (“< 1 time/week,” “1 time/week,” “2–3 times/week,” or “≥ 4 times/week”), preference (“like,” “neutral,” or “dislike”), and menstrual pain (no/mild or moderate-to-severe) were assessed at 1.5 years after the last delivery through self-administered questionnaires. The association between fish intake frequency/preference and prevalence of moderate-to-severe menstrual pain was evaluated through logistic regression analyses. Our results show that, compared with the “< 1 time/week” (38.0%) group, the “1 time/week” (26.9%), “2–3 times/week” (27.8%), and “≥ 4 times/week” (23.9%) groups showed a lower prevalence of moderate-to-severe menstrual pain (p < 0.01). The prevalence of moderate-to-severe menstrual pain was 27.7%, 27.6%, and 34.4% in the “like,” “neutral,” and “dislike” groups, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression showed that frequent fish intake was associated with a lower prevalence of moderate-to-severe menstrual pain (“1 time/week”: odds ratio [OR] = 0.59; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.41–0.86, “2–3 times/week”: OR = 0.64; 95% CI, 0.45–0.90 and “≥ 4 times/week”: OR = 0.52; 95% CI, 0.34–0.80; trend p = 0.004). Multivariate logistic regression showed no association between fish preference and moderate-to-severe menstrual pain (“dislike” vs “like”: OR = 1.16; 95% CI, 0.78–1.73). There was a significant negative association between fish intake frequency and menstrual pain. It is suggested that fish intake can reduce or prevent menstrual pain.

Association between Neuroticism and Premenstrual Affective/Psychological Symptomatology

Neuroticism and premenstrual conditions share pleiotropic loci and are strongly associated. It is presently not known which DSM-5 symptoms of premenstrual syndrome/premenstrual mood disorder are associated with neuroticism. We enrolled 45 study participants to provide prospective daily ratings of affective ("depression", "anxiety, "anger", "mood swings") and psychological ("low interest", "feeling overwhelmed", and "difficulty concentrating") symptoms across two-three menstrual cycles (128 total cycles). Generalized additive modeling (gam function in R) was implemented to model the relationships between neuroticism and the premenstrual increase in symptomatology. Significance level was adjusted using the False Discovery Rate method and models were adjusted for current age and age of menarche. Results of the association analysis revealed that "low interest" (p ≤ 0.05) and "difficulty concentrating" (p ≤ 0.001) were significantly associated with neuroticism. None of the remaining symptoms reached statistical significance. The late luteal phase of the menstrual cycle is characterized by complex symptomatology, reflecting a physiological milieu of numerous biological processes. By identifying co-expression between neuroticism and specific premenstrual symptomatology, the present study improves our understanding of the premenstrual conditions and provides a platform for individualized treatment developments.

Prevalence, phenomenology and personality characteristics of premenstrual dysphoric disorder among female students at Zagazig University, Egypt

BACKGROUND

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a female psychiatric disorder affecting the behaviour, cognitive abilities, mental health status and academic performance of female students. It includes: mood symptoms, behaviour symptoms and physical symptoms.

AIM

To assess phenomenology, measure the prevalence of PMDD among university students and assess the relationship between PMDD and socio-demographic and personality characteristics.

SETTING

This study was conducted at Zagazig University, Sharqia Governorate, Egypt.

METHODS

A cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2020 to December 2020. It included 755 university students. They filled several questionnaires covering Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Disorders (DSM-5) criteria to diagnose PMDD, socio-demographic, menstrual factors, physical activity and personality traits.

RESULTS

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder was found in 159 out of 755 students (21.1%). Overall, the most frequently reported premenstrual symptoms were overeating/food cravings (84.2%), fatigue/lack of energy (83.6%), depressed mood/hopelessness (82.0%) and hypersomnia (78.9%). Binary logistic regression model revealed that significantly related PMDD risk factors include: being a medical student, having a duration of menstrual bleeding ≥ 7 days, the average length of one cycle ˂ 28 days, high menstrual blood loss, presence of dysmenorrhea and positive family history of premenstrual syndrome (sister/mother). Regarding personality traits, low extroversion and agreeableness, and high neuroticism were also significant PMDD risk factors.

CONCLUSION

Prevalence of PMDD was high among university students, especially medical students, and it can have a detrimental effect on both academic life and educational accomplishments, quality of life and daily living activities.

Beneficial Role of Calcium in Premenstrual Syndrome: A Systematic Review of Current Literature

Since premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is one of the most common and debilitating disorders in women, risk factor modification is an urgent health priority. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to summarize and discuss the outcomes of observational and interventional studies in humans regarding the relationship between Calcium and PMS. PubMed, Scopus, ISI web of sciences and Google scholar were searched up to January 2019 to identify relevant studies. The Newcastle-Ottawa and Jadad scales were used for quality assessment. A total of 14 studies (8 interventional and 6 observational) met our inclusion criteria. Majority of the studies showed that not only serum calcium levels are lower in PMS subjects, but also calcium supplementation could significantly improve the incidence of PMS and its related symptoms. This systematic review suggests a beneficial role for calcium in PMS subjects. However, in order to draw a firm link between calcium and PMS, further dose-response clinical trials with larger sample size and better methodological design are warranted.

Are premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea related to the personality structure of women? A descriptive relation-seeker type study

PURPOSE

This study was conducted to define the relationship of experiencing premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and dysmenorrhea with the personality structure of women.

DESIGN AND METHODS

The sample of this descriptive relation-seeker-type study comprised 353 women. Data were collected using the PMS Scale, Quick Big Five Personality Test, and The Questionnaire Form between 1 April and 31 August 2019 in a city in the Mediterranean region in Turkey.

FINDINGS

There was a weak negative-biased correlation between PMS and extraversion, a very weak negative-biased correlation between PMS and conscientiousness, a moderate negative-biased correlation between PMS and neuroticism, and a very weak positive-biased significant correlation between PMS and openness (P < .05).

PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS

These data suggest that women who are introverted, have weak self-confidence, tend to have negative feelings such as anxiety, depression, and anger, and have weak coping skills are at risk for experiencing PMS.

Do university students' personality traits affect their attitudes towards gender roles?

PURPOSE

Attitudes of individuals towards gender roles may be affected by their experiences such as personality traits. This study is to identify the relationship between university students' personality traits and their attitudes towards gender roles.

DESIGN AND METHODS

This cross-sectional was conducted with 301 university students between November 2018 and January 2019.

FINDINGS

The students who had introverted personality traits had traditional attitudes according to the egalitarian gender role subscale (P < 0.05). Students who had neurotic personality trait had more traditional attitudes according to the female, marriage, traditional, and male gender role subscales (P < 0.05).

PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS

It may be advisable to enable students with an introverted and neurotic personality to develop an egalitarian attitude towards gender roles through women health nursing and psychiatric nursing studies.