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Haq IU, Mehmood Z, Tahir M, Ahmad Zakki S, Siddiq K, Xu J, Wang S. Risk Factors of Wasting-Based Malnutrition in the Flood-Affected Areas of Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study. Ecol Food Nutr 2024; 63:343-354. [PMID: 38833628 DOI: 10.1080/03670244.2024.2361250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
The current study aimed to find the risk factors of wasting in flood-affected areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Sociodemographic and anthropometric data was collected. Children living in large family are 2.59 times more likely to be wasted (AOR = 2.59, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10, 6.10; p value = .029) and children living in medium size family are 2.23 times more likely to be wasted (AOR = 2.23, 95% CI: 1.03, 4.80; p value = .04) as compared to children in small family size. The study underscores the need for targeted interventions to address the identified risk factors and mitigate the impact of flooding on child nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ijaz Ul Haq
- Department of Nursing, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Public Health and Nutrition, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Zafar Mehmood
- Department of Math's, Stats & Computer Science, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Majid Tahir
- Department of Public Health and Nutrition, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Shahbaz Ahmad Zakki
- Department of Public Health and Nutrition, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Kalsoom Siddiq
- Department of Human Nutrition & Dietetics, Women University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Jielian Xu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shengru Wang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Saleem J, Zakar R, Butt MS, Aadil RM, Ali Z, Bukhari GMJ, Ishaq M, Fischer F. Application of the Boruta algorithm to assess the multidimensional determinants of malnutrition among children under five years living in southern Punjab, Pakistan. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:167. [PMID: 38216908 PMCID: PMC10787446 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17701-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malnutrition causes nutrient deficiencies that have both physical and clinical consequences in severe acute malnutrition children. Globally, there were 47 million wasted children under the age of five in 2019. One in four were located in sub-Saharan Africa, with half being in South Asia. This study aims to apply the Boruta algorithm to identify the determinants of undernutrition among children under five living in Dera Ghazi Khan, one of the marginalized districts of densely populated Punjab Province in Pakistan. METHODS A multicenter cross-sectional study design was used to collect data from 185 children with severe acute malnutrition aged under five years visiting the OTPs centers located in Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. A purposive sampling technique was used to collect data using a pretested structured questionnaire from parents/caregivers regarding family sociodemographic characteristics, child nutrition, and biological and healthcare characteristics. Anthropometric measurements, including height, weight, and mid-upper arm circumference, were collected. The Boruta models were used to incorporate the children's anthropometric, nutritional, and household factors to determine the important predictive variables for undernutrition using the Boruta package in R studio. RESULTS This study included 185 children, with a mean age of 15.36 ± 10.23 months and an MUAC of 10.19 ± 0.96 cm. The Boruta analysis identifies age, mid-upper arm circumference, weaning practices, and immunization status as important predictors of undernutrition. Income per month, exclusive breastfeeding, and immunization status were found to be key factors of undernutrition in children under the age of five. CONCLUSION This study highlights age, mid-upper arm circumference, weaning practices, and immunization status as key determinants of weight-for-height and weight-for-age in children under five years. It also suggests that economic context may influence undernutrition. The findings can guide targeted strategies for combating undernutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javeria Saleem
- Department of Public Health, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rubeena Zakar
- Department of Public Health, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Rana Muhammad Aadil
- National Institute of Food Sciences and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Zulfiqar Ali
- College of Statistical Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Ishaq
- Department of Sociology, Institute of Social and Cultural Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Florian Fischer
- Institute of Public Health, Charité- Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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Adeoya AA, Egawa S, Adeoya AS, Nagatomi R. Improving child nutrition in disasters by developing a modeled disaster preparedness nutrition education curriculum. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1293875. [PMID: 38131021 PMCID: PMC10733539 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1293875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In contemporary global society, largely because of climate change and other natural and human-induced hazards, disasters are an almost daily occurrence. The nutritional impact of disasters on children results in long-term physical and mental health problems. As children are one of the most vulnerable demographic groups, they must be empowered with disaster preparedness nutrition knowledge, and the skills and motivation to survive, prevent/reduce malnutrition, and maintain good health during disasters. A disaster preparedness nutrition education program (DPNEP) was developed in this study to improve children's nutrition in daily life and during disasters through student-centered education. A consultative approach was used to synthesize the knowledge of a diverse group of four experts in disaster medicine and management, public health, education, and food and nutrition sciences to reach a consensus through discussion. A model DPNEP was developed by targeting grade 4 and 5 students and using interactive teaching methods. This can lead to the implementation of continuous nutrition education to empower children to make healthy food choices in daily life and reduce the risk of disaster-nutrition-related morbidity and mortality. Furthermore, once children acquire the necessary information, they are likely to share this knowledge with their families and communities, thereby enhancing society's resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akindele Abimibayo Adeoya
- Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise Laboratory, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Division for Interdisciplinary Advanced Research and Education, Tohoku University Advanced Graduate School, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Shinichi Egawa
- International Cooperation for Disaster Medicine Laboratory, International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS), Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Adebayo Sunday Adeoya
- Research and Development Division, Kerry Ingredients Nigeria Limited, Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria
| | - Ryoichi Nagatomi
- Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise Laboratory, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering for Health Maintenance and Promotion, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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Ito Y, Tsuboyama-Kasaoka N, Nakatani H. Children's Diet and Nutrition in the Aftermath of the Torrential Rain Disaster in Western Japan: An Evaluation of Support Activities by Dietitians to Alleviate Mothers' Anxieties. Disaster Med Public Health Prep 2023; 17:e500. [PMID: 37642174 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2023.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to clarify whether the support activities of dietitians during disasters were able to address the problems faced by mothers about their children's diet and nutrition. METHODS Dietitians (7 in total) and mothers (8) were selected by the snowball sampling method. Semi-structured interviews were used to conduct focus group interviews about children's diet and nutrition. Verbatim data were generated, and an inductively qualitative descriptive analysis was conducted. RESULTS Six categories were generated for each group. Dietitians responded to problems that mothers had regarding their children's diet and nutrition via 2 activities: [dealing with allergy food shortages] and [school lunch support]. CONCLUSION It is important for dietitians to recommend stockpiling allergy-friendly foods to accommodate children with allergies and achieve early resumption of school lunches to meet children's nutritional needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukako Ito
- Hiroshima City Hall, Naka-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
- Japan Dietetic Association, Disaster Assistance Team, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Nobuyo Tsuboyama-Kasaoka
- Section of Global Disaster Nutrition, International Center for Nutrition and Information, National Institute Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Settsu, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hisae Nakatani
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
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Dietary Diversity, Household Food Insecurity and Stunting among Children Aged 12 to 59 Months in N'Djamena-Chad. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030573. [PMID: 36771280 PMCID: PMC9920356 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Household food insecurity is increasingly recognized as a global health problem, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to contextualize the associations between household food insecurity, dietary diversity and stunting in N'Djamena. METHODS This study is a community-based cross-sectional study, and the SMART (Standardized Monitoring and Assessment of Relief and Transitions) methodology was used to calculate the sample size. A total of 881 households were selected for the survey. A 24-h recall evaluated the dietary diversity score (DDS), the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) made it possible to assess household food insecurity (HFI), and stunting among children aged 12 to 59 months was assessed by anthropometric measurements. Logistic regression was constructed to determine the association between household food insecurity, dietary diversity, and stunting. The study was conducted from January to March 2022. RESULTS The prevalence of severe food insecurity was 16.6%, and that of stunting was 25.3%. The mean DDS was 6.5 ± 1.6. Severe food insecurity (OR 2.505, CI: 1.670-3.756) was significantly associated with stunting. The association between DDS and stunting was not significant. CONCLUSIONS This study's prevalence of household food insecurity and stunting was very high. Household food insecurity and household size were significantly associated with stunting.
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Zhao Q, Yu P, Mahendran R, Huang W, Gao Y, Yang Z, Ye T, Wen B, Wu Y, Li S, Guo Y. Global climate change and human health: Pathways and possible solutions. ECO-ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH (ONLINE) 2022; 1:53-62. [PMID: 38075529 PMCID: PMC10702927 DOI: 10.1016/j.eehl.2022.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2023]
Abstract
Global warming has been changing the planet's climate pattern, leading to increasing frequency, intensity and duration of extreme weather events and natural disasters. These climate-changing events affect various health outcomes adversely through complicated pathways. This paper reviews the main signs of climate change so far, e.g., suboptimal ambient temperature, sea-level rise and other conditions, and depicts the interactive pathways between different climate-changing events such as suboptimal temperature, wildfires, and floods with a broad range of health outcomes. Meanwhile, the modifying effect of socioeconomic, demographic and environmental factors on the pathways is summarised, such that the youth, elderly, females, poor and those living in coastal regions are particularly susceptible to climate change. Although Earth as a whole is expected to suffer from climate change, this review article discusses some potential benefits for certain regions, e.g., a more liveable environment and sufficient food supply. Finally, we summarise certain mitigation and adaptation strategies against climate change and how these strategies may benefit human health in other ways. This review article provides a comprehensive and concise introduction of the pathways between climate change and human health and possible solutions, which may map directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, 3004, Australia
| | - Pei Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, 3004, Australia
| | - Rahini Mahendran
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, 3004, Australia
| | - Wenzhong Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, 3004, Australia
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, 3004, Australia
| | - Zhengyu Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, 3004, Australia
| | - Tingting Ye
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, 3004, Australia
| | - Bo Wen
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, 3004, Australia
| | - Yao Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, 3004, Australia
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, 3004, Australia
| | - Yuming Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, 3004, Australia
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