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Reconciling scientific and local ecological knowledge to identify priority mammals for conservation in a dry forest area in northeast Brazil. J Nat Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2022.126301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Sousa DCP, Ferreira Júnior WS, Albuquerque UP. Short-term temporal analysis and children's knowledge of the composition of important medicinal plants: the structural core hypothesis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2022; 18:51. [PMID: 35810291 PMCID: PMC9270830 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-022-00548-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Measures of the importance of medicinal plants have long been used in ethnobotany and ethnobiology to understand the influence of social-ecological system factors in the formation of individuals' differential knowledge and use. However, there is still a gap in empirical studies that seek to understand the temporal aspects of this process. METHODS To overcome this issue, we used the concept of the structural core of medicinal plants, a theoretical-evolutionary model, which argues that the importance of medicinal plant resources is related to the increase in individual and population fitness. It represents the set of the most effective and available resources that would treat the most common diseases in an environment. This composition of knowledge would be conservative over space and time. To test these questions, we hypothesized that the composition of the structural core remains constant during temporal changes in a social-ecological context, and that the composition of the infantile structural core (new generation) is similar to that of the adults (older generation). For 2 years, we tracked the structure of important medicinal plants among the same 49 residents of a community located in Vale do Catimbau in Pernambuco, Brazil. We also compared the importance of the medicinal plants among two different generations, children/adolescents and adults, in the same space/time context. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Our results refuted both hypotheses. Regarding the composition of important medicinal plants through temporal variations and for children's learning, our results were not predicted by the model. This suggests that the structural core should not be regarded as a conservative phenomenon, but rather a congenital, dynamic, and plastic occurrence that has adapted to configure itself as a short-term population response to the treatment of local diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Carvalho Pires Sousa
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Evolução de Sistemas Socioecológicos, Departamento de Botânica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | | | - Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Evolução de Sistemas Socioecológicos, Departamento de Botânica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil.
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Rodrigues TF, Mantellatto AMB, Superina M, Chiarello AG. Ecosystem services provided by armadillos. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2020; 95:1-21. [PMID: 31448491 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Awareness of the natural ecological processes provided by organisms that benefit human well-being has significantly progressed towards the goal of making conservation a mainstream value. Identifying different services and the species that provide them is a vital first step for the management and maintenance of these so-called ecosystem services. Herein, we specifically address the armadillos, which play key functional roles in terrestrial ecosystems, including as ecosystem engineers, predators, and vectors of invertebrates and nutrients, although these roles have often been overlooked. Armadillos can control pests, disperse seeds, and be effective sentinels of potential disease outbreaks or bioindicators of environmental contaminants. They also supply important material (meat, medicines) and non-material (learning, inspiration) contributions all over the Americas. We identify key gaps in the understanding of ecosystem services provided by armadillos and areas for future research required to clarify their functional role in terrestrial ecosystems and the services they supply. Such information will produce powerful arguments for armadillo conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago F Rodrigues
- Applied Ecology Program, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, 13418-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Aline M B Mantellatto
- Universidade Federal do Sul da Bahia, Campus Sosígenes Costa, Porto Seguro, 45810-000, BA, Brazil
| | - Mariella Superina
- Laboratorio de Medicina y Endocrinología de la Fauna Silvestre, IMBECU - CCT CONICET Mendoza, Mendoza, 5500, Argentina
| | - Adriano G Chiarello
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 14040-901, SP, Brazil
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Freitas CT, Lopes PFM, Campos‐Silva JV, Noble MM, Dyball R, Peres CA. Co‐management of culturally important species: A tool to promote biodiversity conservation and human well‐being. PEOPLE AND NATURE 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pan3.10064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Tavares Freitas
- Departamento de Ecologia Centro de Biociências Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte Natal Brazil
| | - Priscila F. M. Lopes
- Departamento de Ecologia Centro de Biociências Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte Natal Brazil
| | | | - Mae M. Noble
- Fenner School of Environment and Society Australian National University Acton ACT Australia
| | - Robert Dyball
- Fenner School of Environment and Society Australian National University Acton ACT Australia
| | - Carlos A. Peres
- School of Environmental Sciences University of East Anglia Norwich UK
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da Silva Santos S, de Lucena RFP, de Lucena Soares HK, dos Santos Soares VM, Sales NS, Mendonça LET. Use of mammals in a semi-arid region of Brazil: an approach to the use value and data analysis for conservation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2019; 15:33. [PMID: 31288847 PMCID: PMC6617831 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-019-0313-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to survey the knowledge and use of mammals by the residents of the rural community of Capivara in the municipality of Solânea (Paraíba State, Northeast Brazil) and to propose a new method of using the use value as a tool for data analysis in ethnozoological surveys. METHODS The uses attributed to mammals were recorded through semi-structured interviews conducted with the breadwinners (men and women) living in the community. The species were identified through guided tours, by descriptions made by the interviewees, and using specimens donated by them, as well as by comparison with the pertinent scientific literature (morphological and ecological). Through the use value differentiated analysis, it was possible to distinguish the current use value of the species (effective use) from their potential use value (knowledge, but no effective use) to determine their real importance related to the uses cited by the studied group. RESULTS Nineteen species were cited; however, only 17 of them were identified and then distributed in 13 families. The other species were identified at the genus level Leopardus sp. and order Rodentia. The species were classified into 6 categories of use: food, captive breeding, zootherapeutic, artisanal, magic/religious, and veterinary purposes. CONCLUSIONS This article discusses possible conservation solutions, given the irregular exploitation of some species, warning about the biodiversity, and traditional knowledge conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suellen da Silva Santos
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
- UEPB, Campina Grande, Brazil
- PRODEMA, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Reinaldo Farias Paiva de Lucena
- Campus I, Center of Exact and Natural Sciences, Department of Systematics and Ecology, Laboratory of Ethnobiology and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Lívia Emanuelle Tavares Mendonça
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
- UEPB, Campina Grande, Brazil
- Biology Department, State University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
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Souto WMS, Barboza RRD, Fernandes-Ferreira H, Júnior AJCM, Monteiro JM, Abi-chacra ÉDA, Alves RRN. Zootherapeutic uses of wildmeat and associated products in the semiarid region of Brazil: general aspects and challenges for conservation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2018; 14:60. [PMID: 30223856 PMCID: PMC6142313 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-018-0259-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hunting wildlife for medicinal purposes is a widespread practice throughout Brazil; however, studies about the animals used for zootherapeutic practices have been performed almost exclusively with traders (herbalists) and end consumers, and not hunters. This makes it difficult to completely understand the market chain, trade strategies, and drivers of this practice. The present study investigated the species hunted or trapped for traditional medicinal uses by collecting data about the use and trade of the zootheurapeutic species. METHODS We collected data through semi-structured questionnaires complemented by free interviews and informal conversations with hunters in five municipalities of semiarid region of the NE Brazil. We calculated the Use-Value (UV) index to determine the relative importance of each species reported by interviewees. The Multiple Linear Regression model was used to assess the influence of socioeconomic factors (age, schooling, residence zone, trade of zootherapeutic species) on species richness exploited by hunters. RESULTS Hunters reported a significant richness of species (n = 39) intentionally or opportunistically captured for use as remedies for treatment of 92 diseases or conditions in humans or livestock. Respondents also reported trade strategies that were well-organized and quickly directed the selling of wild animals or byproducts via modern technology. We found a weak positive relationship only between species richness and hunters' age via MLR model. CONCLUSIONS The hunting and use of wild species for medicinal purposes are culturally disseminated activities among hunters. Our results demonstrate the importance of studying hunters in order to understanding the dynamics of bushmeat exploitation and to develop more efficient strategies for wildlife use and conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wedson Medeiros Silva Souto
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Zoology, Wildlife Use and Conservation (ZUCON), Federal University of Piaui (UFPI), Campus Ministro Petrônio Portella, Teresina, Piaui Zip code/CEP 64049-550 Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia), Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Paraiba CEP 58059-970 Brazil
| | - Raynner Rilke Duarte Barboza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia), Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Paraiba CEP 58059-970 Brazil
- Department of Biology, State University of Paraiba (UEPB), Av. Baraúnas n. 351, Campina Grande, Paraiba CEP 58109-753 Brazil
| | - Hugo Fernandes-Ferreira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia), Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Paraiba CEP 58059-970 Brazil
- State University of Ceara (UECE), Faculdade de Educação, Ciências e Letras do Sertão Central, Quixadá, Ceará CEP 63900-000 Brazil
| | | | - Julio Marcelino Monteiro
- Biological Sciences Course, UFPI, Campus Amílcar Ferreira Sobral (CAFS), Floriano, Piaui CEP 64800-000 Brazil
| | - Érika de Araújo Abi-chacra
- Department of Parasitology and Microbiology (DPM), Federal University of Piaui (UFPI), Campus Ministro Petrônio Portella, Teresina, Piaui Zip code/CEP 64049-550 Brazil
| | - Rômulo Romeu Nóbrega Alves
- Department of Biology, State University of Paraiba (UEPB), Av. Baraúnas n. 351, Campina Grande, Paraiba CEP 58109-753 Brazil
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Bonifácio KM, Schiavetti A, Freire EMX. Fauna used by rural communities surrounding the protected area of Chapada do Araripe, Brazil. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2016; 12:41. [PMID: 27642747 PMCID: PMC5029039 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-016-0115-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies on the inter-relations between people and animals have been considered essential to better understand the dynamics of socio-ecological systems. This study aimed to register the animal species known by the communities adjacent to National Forest of Araripe, their uses and if the close relationship affects the knowledge of useful species. METHODS Data collection was conducted through a semi-structured inquiry form, free listings and guided tour. The study included 246 people from two community groups: group 1 (n = 113; <2 km from FLONA) and group 2 (n = 133; ≥ 2 km). RESULTS According to the free listing, group 1 communities know more animal species (11.50 ± 5.81) than group 2 (9.41 ± 3.70), with a significant difference in knowledge between the groups. Men and women showed no significant difference in knowledge about animal species. The men from group 1 know, significantly, more species than men from group 2; but this difference was not observed in women from both groups. In the analysis of the Use Value (UV), Mazama gouazoubira showed a higher UV, both in group 1 (1.15) and group 2 (1.49). The guided tour identified the presence of 11 species, common in the vegetation of Forested Savannah (Cerradão) and in the transition Rainforest/Savannah (Cerrado). CONCLUSION The results indicate M. gouazoubira as the most known and used species in this Protected Area, showing that species of interest to the local communities are worthy of conservation attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kallyne Machado Bonifácio
- Centro de Biociências, Curso de Doutorado em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente, Laboratório de Herpetologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte/UFRN, Natal, RN CEP59078-900 Brasil
| | - Alexandre Schiavetti
- Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz/UESC, Km 16 Rodovia Ilhéus-Itabuna, Ilhéus, BA CEP45662-000 Brasil
| | - Eliza Maria Xavier Freire
- Centro de Biociências, Departamento de Botânica e Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte/UFRN, Natal, RN CEP59078-900 Brasil
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