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de Castro Santos Paim R, Ferreira de Paula LG, Soares DM, Gonçalves Rocha TF, Ribeiro AL, Barros N, Carrião Dos Santos F, Ferreira HD, Gomes-Klein VL, Soto-Blanco B, Paes de Oliveira-Filho J, Jorge da Cunha PH, Riet-Correa F, Pfister J, Cook D, Soares Fioravanti MC, Machado Botelho AF. Toxic plants from the perspective of a "Quilombola" community in the Cerrado region of Brazil. Toxicon 2023; 224:107028. [PMID: 36681279 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2023.107028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A multi-disciplinary team surveyed ranchers at the Kalunga Historical and Cultural Heritage Site, in the Cerrado region of west central Brazil, to determine impacts promoted by toxic plants on cattle. The expedition to the Kalunga region was carried out by Brazilian and American researchers. Previously selected cattle ranch properties from "Vão das Almas", "Engenho II" and "Vão do Moleque" were visited. Twenty-four interviews were carried out with cattle ranchers and a questionnaire was applied to obtain information about outbreaks of native plant poisoning and their effects on livestock, and the use of local plants in phytotherapy. We classified problematic plants into three distinct categories. First, the toxic plants most cited by residents causing cattle losses were the flowers of Caryocar brasiliense Cambess ("pequi"), the fruits of Terminalia corrugata (Ducke) Gere & Boatwr. (Buchenavia tomentosa Eichler - "mirindiba" or "pau-pilão"), Eugenia dysenterica (Mart.) DC ("cagaita"), and Palicourea marcgravii A. St. Hil ("erva-café" or "cafezinho"). Secondly, other plants considered toxic, but causing less severe losses were Emmotum nitens (Benth.) Miers ("casco d'anta"), Indigofera lespedezioides (Kunth) ("timbozinho"), Ricinus communis L. ("mamona"), Pteridium esculentum (G. Forst.) Cockayne ("samambaia"), Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart.) Coville ("barbatimão"), and Actinocladum verticillatum (Nees) McClure ex Soderstr. ("cambaúba"). The most important finding was the identification of the C. brasiliense flower as potentially toxic to cattle, which must be subject for future research. Further, we confirmed the toxicity and importance of P. marcgravii, E. dysenterica, and Terminalia corrugata. The survey highlighted phytotherapy plants used by the community, and greatly increased awareness by local livestock producers of poisonous plants for management purposes. We conclude that ethnobotanical knowledge, especially from the traditional community, is essential to understand livestock losses to toxic plants, and should be valued not only for reducing livestock losses, but also for cultural importance to the Kalunga communities in the Cerrado.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo de Castro Santos Paim
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Avenida Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, Goiás, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Luiza Gabriella Ferreira de Paula
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Avenida Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, Goiás, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Débora Moreira Soares
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Avenida Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, Goiás, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Tarik Fernandes Gonçalves Rocha
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Avenida Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, Goiás, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Amanda Lopes Ribeiro
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Avenida Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, Goiás, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Natália Barros
- Image Processing and GIS Laboratory (LAPIG), Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, 74001-970, GO, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Carrião Dos Santos
- Department of Animal Production, Instituto Federal Goiano, Campus Urutaí, Rod. Geraldo Silva Nascimento, Km-2,5 - Zona Rural, Urutaí, Goiás, 75790-000, Brazil
| | - Heleno Dias Ferreira
- Department of Botany, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Campus II, Goiânia, Goiás, 74001-970, Brazil
| | - Vera Lúcia Gomes-Klein
- Department of Botany, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Campus II, Goiânia, Goiás, 74001-970, Brazil
| | - Benito Soto-Blanco
- Department of Veterinary Clinics and Surgery, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - José Paes de Oliveira-Filho
- Veterinary Clinic Department, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Campus de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual de São Paulo, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique Jorge da Cunha
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Avenida Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, Goiás, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Franklin Riet-Correa
- Postgraduate Program on Animal Science in the Tropics, Federal University of Bahia, Av. Adhemar de Barros 500, Ondina, Salvador, BA, 40170-110, Brazil
| | - James Pfister
- Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1150 E. 1400 N., Logan, UT, 84341, United States
| | - Daniel Cook
- Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1150 E. 1400 N., Logan, UT, 84341, United States
| | - Maria Clorinda Soares Fioravanti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Avenida Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, Goiás, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Flávia Machado Botelho
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Avenida Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, Goiás, 74690-900, Brazil.
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Riet-Correa F, Machado M, Micheloud JF. Plants causing poisoning outbreaks of livestock in South America: A review. Toxicon X 2023; 17:100150. [PMID: 36747993 PMCID: PMC9898795 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxcx.2023.100150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper reviews toxic plants for livestock in South America. We included 219 plants in this review, considering only the plants that caused at least one demonstrated outbreak of poisoning. Plants reported as toxic in other regions and present in South America, but with no confirmed outbreaks of poisoning in this region, are not included. We report the main aspects of the epidemiology, clinical signs, pathology and economical importance of the poisonings. Initially, the toxic plants are described based on their toxic compounds, but because the toxic compound is unknown in 92 (42%) of the plants we also classify them according to the affected system. This review highlights the great diversity of toxic plants capable of affecting livestock in South America, and for this reason studies in this regard should be intensified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franklin Riet-Correa
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science in the Tropics, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Corresponding author.
| | - Mizael Machado
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, Plataforma de Salud Animal, Estación Experimental del Norte, Tacuarembó, Uruguay
| | - Juan F. Micheloud
- Área de Salud Animal-Instituto de Investigación Animal Chaco Semiárido (Sede Salta), Centro de Investigaciones Pecuarias/ Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Veterinarias, Universidad Católica de Salta, Salta, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
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Palicourea marcgravii (Rubiaceae) poisoning in cattle grazing in Brazil. Trop Anim Health Prod 2020; 52:3527-3535. [PMID: 32960398 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-020-02388-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Palicourea marcgravii is the most important poisonous plant of cattle in Brazil. It contains monofluoroacetic acid and causes sudden death associated with exercise. Herein, we describe the temporal and spatial distribution of the toxic disease. The survey was based on the epidemiological, clinical, and pathological data of the Setor de Anatomia Patológica (SAP) of the Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRuralRJ) to report outbreaks of poisoning by P. marcgravii, from 1953 to 2018. Clinical signs were peracute and included labored breathing, loss of balance, muscle tremors, lateral recumbency, and limb paddling. Gross lesions such as congestion of large vessels and edema and pulmonary congestion were observed. Multifocal areas of vacuolar hydropic degeneration of distal contorted tubule cells with nuclear pyknosis were observed in the kidneys. The plant is found in forests, and the poisoning occurs mainly after clearing forests for pasture, in areas of natural forest recovery called "capoeira," which provide a favorable environment for maintaining P. marcgravii growth. Outbreaks of P. marcgravii poisoning coincided with periods of creation of large deforested pastures in the Southeast and Midwest regions of Brazil, and the poisoning should be considered an additional risk after deforestation. The most effective prophylaxis is fencing off the forest areas that contain these plants.
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Serodio JJ, Silva Castro LT, Morais TL, Cunha RDDS, Ferreira de Sant'Ana FJ, Juliano RS, Junqueira Borges JR, Soares Fioravanti MC, Jorge da Cunha PH. Evaluation of the resistance of Nellore, Curraleiro Pe-duro and Pantaneiro cattle breeds by experimental intoxication of Palicourea marcgravii. Toxicon 2019; 168:126-130. [PMID: 31325459 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2019.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Palicourea marcgravii is the most important toxic plant in Brazil due to its acute toxicity (sudden death), palatability, cumulative effect and broad geographical distribution. The study aimed to evaluate the resistance between cattle of different breeds by experimental intoxication of Palicourea marcgravii. Eighteen males were randomly divided into three groups (Nellore, Curraleiro Pe-Duro and Pantaneiro), six animals in each group. All animals were experimentally intoxicated with P. marcgravii at 0.5 mg/kg of equivalent sodium monofluoracetate acid, receiving one single oral dose. All cattle presented symptoms and the toxic plant caused death in all cattle of the Nellore and Pantaneiro breeds and only three Curraleiro cattle. No changes were observed in the leukogram, fibrinogen, albumin, total protein and bilirubins. Hyperglycemia and increased of aspartate transaminase, creatinine kinase, urea and creatinine were detected in all breeds. Changes in the values of the gamma glutamyl transferase were individualized and did not follow a standard response. Fourteen cattle presented the histopathological findings of renal hydropic degeneration. The lower death rate of Curraleiro cattle indicates a higher resistance than cattle of the Nellore and Pantaneiro breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana J Serodio
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Rodovia Goiânia - Nova Veneza, Km 8 Campus Samambaia, CEP, 74001-970, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Luma T Silva Castro
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Rodovia Goiânia - Nova Veneza, Km 8 Campus Samambaia, CEP, 74001-970, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Tábata L Morais
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Rodovia Goiânia - Nova Veneza, Km 8 Campus Samambaia, CEP, 74001-970, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Roberta Dias da Silva Cunha
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Rodovia Goiânia - Nova Veneza, Km 8 Campus Samambaia, CEP, 74001-970, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | | | | | - José Renato Junqueira Borges
- Hospital Veterinário, Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Via L4 Norte, Cx. Postal 4508, Brasília, DF, 70910-970, Brazil
| | - Maria C Soares Fioravanti
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Rodovia Goiânia - Nova Veneza, Km 8 Campus Samambaia, CEP, 74001-970, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Paulo H Jorge da Cunha
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Rodovia Goiânia - Nova Veneza, Km 8 Campus Samambaia, CEP, 74001-970, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
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