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Brenes-Alvarado A, Farias-da-Silva FF, Soto-Montero JR, Benine-Warlet J, Groppo FC, Steiner-Oliveira C. Reduction of microorganisms in carious dentin by photodynamic therapy mediated by potassium iodide added to methylene blue and red laser. Arch Oral Biol 2024; 164:105978. [PMID: 38718465 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.105978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of the association of potassium iodide to antimicrobial photodynamic therapy on human carious dentin produced with a microcosm biofilm model. METHODS A microcosm biofilm model was used to generate a caries lesion on human dentin. Pooled human saliva diluted with glycerol was used as an inoculum on specimens immersed on McBain artificial saliva enriched with 1 % sucrose (24 h at 37 °C in 5 % CO2). After refreshing culture media for 7 days, the dentin specimens were divided in 5 groups (3 specimens per group, in triplicate; n = 9): C (NaCl 0.9 %), CX (2 % chlorhexidine), PKI (0.01 % methylene blue photosensitizer+50 mM KI), L (laser at 15 J, 180 s, 22.7 J/cm2), and PKIL (methylene blue + KI + Laser). After the treatments, dentin was collected, and a 10-fold serial dilution was performed. The number of total microorganisms, total lactobacilli, total streptococci, and Streptococcus mutans was analyzed by microbial counts (CFU/mL). After normality and homoscedasticity analysis, the Welch's ANOVA and Dunnett's tests were used for CFU. All tests used a 5 % significance level. RESULTS CX and PKIL groups showed significant bacterial decontamination of dentin, compared to group C (p < 0.05) reaching reductions up to 3.8 log10 for CX for all microorganisms' groups and PKIL showed 0.93, 1.30, 1.45, and 1.22 log10 for total microorganisms, total lactobacilli, total streptococci, and S. mutans, respectively. CONCLUSION aPDT mediated by the association of KI and methylene blue with red laser reduced the viability of microorganisms from carious dentin and could be a promising option for cavity decontamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Brenes-Alvarado
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidad de Costa Rica, Montes de Oca, SJ, Costa Rica
| | - Felipe Fabrício Farias-da-Silva
- Department of Health Sciences and Pediatric Dentistry, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba (FOP), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Jorge Rodrigo Soto-Montero
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidad de Costa Rica, Montes de Oca, SJ, Costa Rica
| | - Juliana Benine-Warlet
- Department of Health Sciences and Pediatric Dentistry, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba (FOP), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Francisco Carlos Groppo
- Department of Biosciences, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba (FOP), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Carolina Steiner-Oliveira
- Department of Health Sciences and Pediatric Dentistry, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba (FOP), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
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Silva T, Lunardi AJL, Barros ACSM, Mandetta ARH, Grudzien E, San-Martín M, Horliana ACRT, Bussadori SK, Motta LJ. Application of Photodynamic Therapy in Pediatric Dentistry: Literature Review. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2335. [PMID: 37765303 PMCID: PMC10537059 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbiological control of dental pathologies presents a significant clinical challenge for dental surgeons, particularly considering drug-resistant microorganisms. To address this issue, Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) has emerged as an effective and complementary technique for microbial reduction. This therapy involves the application of a photosensitizer dye (PS) either topically or systemically, followed by exposure to low-power lasers with appropriate visible light wavelengths. PDT has found a valuable place in dentistry across various specialties, including surgery, periodontics, endodontics, dentistry, implantology, orthodontics, and pediatrics. In the realm of pediatric dentistry, managing microorganisms during dental treatments has become a major challenge. Considering its promising results and ease of application, Photodynamic Therapy presents an interesting alternative for clinical practice. However, it is important to note that specific protocols must be followed for each application, encompassing the type of photosensitizer, concentration, pre-irradiation time, light type, wavelength, energy, power, and mode of light delivery. Researchers have been steadily refining these protocols to facilitate PDT's integration into clinical practice. The objective of this review is to describe in which procedures and oral health problems in children PDT can be applied. In this sense, we list what the literature brings about the possibilities of applying PDT in a pediatric dentistry clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamiris Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to the Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University, São Paulo 01525-000, SP, Brazil (S.K.B.)
| | - Ana Júlia Lacerda Lunardi
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to the Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University, São Paulo 01525-000, SP, Brazil (S.K.B.)
| | | | - Amanda Rafaelly Honório Mandetta
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to the Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University, São Paulo 01525-000, SP, Brazil (S.K.B.)
| | - Elizabeth Grudzien
- Departamento de Bienestar y Salud, Universidad Católica del Uruguay, Av. 8 de Octubre 2738, Montevideo 11600, Uruguay
| | - Magdalena San-Martín
- Departamento de Bienestar y Salud, Universidad Católica del Uruguay, Av. 8 de Octubre 2738, Montevideo 11600, Uruguay
| | | | - Sandra Kalil Bussadori
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to the Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University, São Paulo 01525-000, SP, Brazil (S.K.B.)
| | - Lara Jansiski Motta
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to the Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University, São Paulo 01525-000, SP, Brazil (S.K.B.)
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Piksa M, Lian C, Samuel IC, Pawlik KJ, Samuel IDW, Matczyszyn K. The role of the light source in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:1697-1722. [PMID: 36779328 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01051k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) is a promising approach to fight the growing problem of antimicrobial resistance that threatens health care, food security and agriculture. APDT uses light to excite a light-activated chemical (photosensitiser), leading to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Many APDT studies confirm its efficacy in vitro and in vivo against bacteria, fungi, viruses and parasites. However, the development of the field is focused on exploring potential targets and developing new photosensitisers. The role of light, a crucial element for ROS production, has been neglected. What are the main parameters essential for effective photosensitiser activation? Does an optimal light radiant exposure exist? And finally, which light source is best? Many reports have described the promising antibacterial effects of APDT in vitro, however, its application in vivo, especially in clinical settings remains very limited. The restricted availability may partially be due to a lack of standard conditions or protocols, arising from the diversity of selected photosensitising agents (PS), variable testing conditions including light sources used for PS activation and methods of measuring anti-bacterial activity and their effectiveness in treating bacterial infections. We thus sought to systematically review and examine the evidence from existing studies on APDT associated with the light source used. We show how the reduction of pathogens depends on the light source applied, radiant exposure and irradiance of light used, and type of pathogen, and so critically appraise the current state of development of APDT and areas to be addressed in future studies. We anticipate that further standardisation of the experimental conditions will help the field advance, and suggest key optical and biological parameters that should be reported in all APDT studies. More in vivo and clinical studies are needed and are expected to be facilitated by advances in light sources, leading to APDT becoming a sustainable, alternative therapeutic option for bacterial and other microbial infections in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Piksa
- Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Science, Weigla 12, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Cheng Lian
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9SS, UK.
| | - Imogen C Samuel
- School of Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Krzysztof J Pawlik
- Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Science, Weigla 12, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Ifor D W Samuel
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9SS, UK.
| | - Katarzyna Matczyszyn
- Institute of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wyb. Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland.
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Gholami L, Shahabi S, Jazaeri M, Hadilou M, Fekrazad R. Clinical applications of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in dentistry. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1020995. [PMID: 36687594 PMCID: PMC9850114 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1020995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the emergence of resistant bacterial strains and novel microorganisms that globally threaten human life, moving toward new treatment modalities for microbial infections has become a priority more than ever. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has been introduced as a promising and non-invasive local and adjuvant treatment in several oral infectious diseases. Its efficacy for elimination of bacterial, fungal, and viral infections and key pathogens such as Streptococcus mutans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Candida albicans, and Enterococcus faecalis have been investigated by many invitro and clinical studies. Researchers have also investigated methods of increasing the efficacy of such treatment modalities by amazing developments in the production of natural, nano based, and targeted photosensitizers. As clinical studies have an important role in paving the way towards evidence-based applications in oral infection treatment by this method, the current review aimed to provide an overall view of potential clinical applications in this field and summarize the data of available randomized controlled clinical studies conducted on the applications of aPDT in dentistry and investigate its future horizons in the dental practice. Four databases including PubMed (Medline), Web of Science, Scopus and Embase were searched up to September 2022 to retrieve related clinical studies. There are several clinical studies reporting aPDT as an effective adjunctive treatment modality capable of reducing pathogenic bacterial loads in periodontal and peri-implant, and persistent endodontic infections. Clinical evidence also reveals a therapeutic potential for aPDT in prevention and reduction of cariogenic organisms and treatment of infections with fungal or viral origins, however, the number of randomized clinical studies in these groups are much less. Altogether, various photosensitizers have been used and it is still not possible to recommend specific irradiation parameters due to heterogenicity among studies. Reaching effective clinical protocols and parameters of this treatment is difficult and requires further high quality randomized controlled trials focusing on specific PS and irradiation parameters that have shown to have clinical efficacy and are able to reduce pathogenic bacterial loads with sufficient follow-up periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Gholami
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Shiva Shahabi
- Dental Implants Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Marzieh Jazaeri
- Dental Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mahdi Hadilou
- Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Fekrazad
- Radiation Sciences Research Center, Laser Research Center in Medical Sciences, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,International Network for Photo Medicine and Photo Dynamic Therapy (INPMPDT), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran,*Correspondence: Reza Fekrazad,
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Besegato JF, de Melo PBG, Tamae PE, Alves APAR, Rondón LF, Leanse LG, Dos Anjos C, Casarin HH, Chinelatti MA, Faria G, Dai T, Bagnato VS, Rastelli ANDS. How can biophotonics help dentistry to avoid or minimize cross infection by SARS-CoV-2? Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 37:102682. [PMID: 34910994 PMCID: PMC8666148 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Biophotonics is defined as the combination of biology and photonics (the physical science of the light). It is a general term for all techniques that deal with the interaction between biological tissues/cells and photons (light). Biophotonics offers a great variety of techniques that can facilitate the early detection of diseases and promote innovative theragnostic approaches. As the COVID-19 infection can be transmitted due to the face-to-face communication, droplets and aerosol inhalation and the exposure to saliva, blood, and other body fluids, as well as the handling of sharp instruments, dental practices are at increased risk of infection. In this paper, a literature review was performed to explore the application of Biophotonics approaches in Dentistry focusing on the COVID-19 pandemic and how they can contribute to avoid or minimize the risks of infection in a dental setting. For this, search-related papers were retrieved from PubMED, Scielo, Google Schoolar, and American Dental Association and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention databases. The body of evidence currently available showed that Biophotonics approaches can reduce microorganism load, decontaminate surfaces, air, tissues, and minimize the generation of aerosol and virus spreading by minimally invasive, time-saving, and alternative techniques in general. However, each clinical situation must be individually evaluated regarding the benefits and drawbacks of these approaches, but always pursuing less-invasive and less aerosol-generating procedures, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Felipe Besegato
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo State University - UNESP, 1680 Humaitá Street - 3rd floor, Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Priscila Borges Gobbo de Melo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo State University - UNESP, 1680 Humaitá Street - 3rd floor, Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Eriko Tamae
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo State University - UNESP, 1680 Humaitá Street - 3rd floor, Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Aparecida Raimundo Alves
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo State University - UNESP, 1680 Humaitá Street - 3rd floor, Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Luis Felipe Rondón
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo State University - UNESP, 1680 Humaitá Street - 3rd floor, Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Leon G Leanse
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, University of Harvard, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | - Carolina Dos Anjos
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, University of Harvard, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | - Heitor Hussni Casarin
- Dentistry School, Central Paulista University Center - UNICEP, São Carlos 13563-470, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Gisele Faria
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo State University - UNESP, 1680 Humaitá Street - 3rd floor, Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil.
| | - Tianhong Dai
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, University of Harvard, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | | | - Alessandra Nara de Souza Rastelli
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo State University - UNESP, 1680 Humaitá Street - 3rd floor, Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil.
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Kattan HF. Efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in reducing cariogenic bacteria in primary deciduous dentine. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 36:102600. [PMID: 34699983 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim is to systematically review the efficacy of aPDT in minimizing cariogenic bacteria in primary dentine when compared to tooth preparation and endodontic debridement. MATERIALS AND METHODS The focused question was: Is aPDT (intervention) effective in minimizing the cariogenic bacteria (outcome) in deciduous dentine (participants) after caries removal when compared to before aPDT or mechanical caries removal alone (controls). The keywords that were used were: 'antimicrobial photodynamic therapy', 'dentine', 'primary teeth' and 'deciduous teeth' in different combinations. Following the exclusion of the irrelevant studies, eight (seven clinical studies and one in vitro study) studies were included in the review. The data from each study was extracted and the quality of each article was assessed. RESULTS In four out of the eight studies, aPDT with methylene blue or toluidine blue had improved the efficacy of microbial reduction in deciduous dentine when compared to conventional root canal treatment or caries removal. In four studies, no significant improvement in microbial reduction was observed following aPDT compared to caries removal or endodontic debridement without aPDT. Four studies received an overall quality grading of 'medium', three studies were assessed as having a 'low' quality and only one study received an overall grading of 'high' quality. CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this review, aPDT may improve the anti-bacterial efficacy of restorative and endodontic procedures in deciduous teeth. However, due to lack of long-term clinical trials and robust study designs, the efficacy of aPDT in minimizing cariogenic bacteria in deciduous dentine is debatable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiba F Kattan
- Preventive Dental Science Department, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Al-Qahtani YM. Impact of graphene oxide and silver diamine fluoride in comparison to photodynamic therapy on bond integrity and microleakage scores of resin modified glass ionomer cement to demineralized dentin. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 33:102163. [PMID: 33383206 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.102163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the impact of graphene oxide (GO) and silver diammine fluoride (SDF) in comparison to photodynamic therapy (PDT) on adhesive bond integrity and microleakage scores of resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) to demineralized dentin. METHODS 80 non-carious and atraumatic third molars were mounted inside the segments of polyvinyl pipes. Exposure, homogenization, and polishing of dentinal tubules was performed. 20 specimens were left unconditioned and classified a group 4. Exposure of acetic acid was done to 60 specimens and randomly allocated into 3 groups. Group 1 specimens were treated with 0.25 % GO; group 2 specimens were treated with 3.8 % SDF; and group 3 specimens were exposed to PDT. The bonding of all samples to RMGIC was performed by light curing and universal testing machine was utilized for testing shear bond strength (SBS). For failure modes, an optical microscope at 40x magnification was used to observe the debonded interfaces. For microleakage, all the specimens were submerged in 2% methylene blue for 1 day and observed under a digital microscope. The post hoc Tukey and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to examine SBS. A p-value of ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Group 2 showed the highest bond strength (3.8 % SDF + RMGIC + DD - 15.27 ± 2.19 MPa). Groups 1 (0.25 % GO + RMGIC + DD - 14.11 ± 3.82) and 2 showed comparable results of SBS, which was significantly higher when compared with other research groups (p < 0.05). According to the post hoc Tukey test, the SBS scores of treatment groups exhibited statistically significant values as compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Group 2 samples showed the least microleakage mean score (0.8 ± 0.42), followed by group 1 specimens (1.02 ± 0.88). The comparable microleakage mean scores were demonstrated by the samples in group 1 and 2 (p < 0.01). According to one-way ANOVA, a significant difference was observed in microleakage scores among experimental groups (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Improved bond strength and marginal microleakage scores were demonstrated by the demineralized dentin treated with 0.25 % graphene oxide and 3.8 % silver diamine fluoride when bonded to resin-modified glass ionomer cement. The application of methylene blue photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy undermined the adhesive bond strength applied on demineralized dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser M Al-Qahtani
- Consultant in Restorative Dentistry Department, Ministry of Health, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
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Pourhajibagher M, Ranjbar Omrani L, Noroozian M, Ghorbanzadeh Z, Bahador A. In vitro antibacterial activity and durability of a nano-curcumin-containing pulp capping agent combined with antimicrobial photodynamic therapy. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 33:102150. [PMID: 33346058 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.102150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Considering the antibacterial properties of nano-curcumin (nCur) reinforced with antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), this study aimed to assess the antibacterial activity and durability of Activa BioActive Base/Liner (ABBL) containing nCur (nCur-ABBL) as a pulp capping agent against Streptococcus mutans, the most common cause of secondary caries. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this in vitro experimental study, ABBL discs containing 0.5 %, 1%, 2%, and 5% (w/w) concentrations of nCur were fabricated. After aPDT using light emitting diode (LED) at 435 ± 20 nm wavelength for 5 min, the discs were undergone aging in artificial saliva for 90 days. The antibacterial activity of the discs against S. mutans was evaluated by the disc agar diffusion test, and the number of bacterial colonies present in the biofilm formed on the disc surfaces was counted after 0, 15, 30, and 60 days of aging. RESULTS The maximum growth inhibition zone was noted around the 5% nCur-ABBL discs. Increasing the concentration of nCur from 0.5 % to 5% combined with aPDT significantly decreased the number of S. mutans colonies in the biofilm over time (P < 0.05). nCur-ABBL discs containing 2% and 5% nCur had no difference in antibacterial activity at any time point up to 60 days (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION According to our data, 5% nCur-ABBL revealed the largest growth inhibition zone in S. mutans culture. Moreover, 5% nCur can serve as an excellent ABBL additive in aPDT producer against S. mutans biofilms up to 60 days of aging period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Pourhajibagher
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ladan Ranjbar Omrani
- Restorative Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Noroozian
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran; Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Zahra Ghorbanzadeh
- School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Bahador
- Oral Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Fellowship in Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Effect of photodynamic therapy on microleakage of class V composite restorations in primary teeth. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 32:101964. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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10
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Management of caries affected dentin (CAD) with resin modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) in the presence of different caries disinfectants and photosensitizers. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 32:101978. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Pereira LM, Estevam LR, da Silva MF, Pinheiro SL. Polyacrylic Acid with Methylene Blue Dye as a Sensitizing Agent for Photodynamic Therapy to Reduce Streptococcus mutans in Dentinal Caries. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2020; 38:687-693. [PMID: 32758049 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2019.4736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate 11.5% polyacrylic acid (PA) containing 0.3% methylene blue (MB) dye as a photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy (PDT) of carious dentin. Methods: One hundred twenty molars were selected and the dentin was exposed for cariogenic challenge, where the molars were placed in brain heart infusion medium containing a standard strain of Streptococcus mutans (ATCC). Samples were randomly divided into eight groups (n = 15): S: saline, PA, MB: MB 0.3%, PA+MB: PA containing 0.3% MB + LLL: irradiation with low-level laser, PDT (MB): MB 0.3% + laser, PDT (PA): PA + laser, and PDT (PA+MB): PA containing 0.3% MB + laser. Carious dentin was collected before and after exposure to S. mutans. All samples of carious dentin were homogenized, diluted, and seeded in mitis salivarius bacitracin medium, and the cultures were incubated at 37°C for 15 days in anaerobic jars. The Wilcoxon test was used for analysis. Results: The percent microbial reduction achieved with each treatment was as follows: PDT (MB), 53.62%; PDT (PA+MB), 50.47%; PDT (PA), 46.73%; PA, 38.51%; MB, 19.75%; PA+MB, 17.18%; LLL, 12.83%; S, 5.99%. The greatest reductions in S. mutans growth occurred with PDT (MB), PDT (PA+MB), and PDT (PA) when compared to the S group (p = 0.0002, 0.0023, and 0.0232, respectively). Conclusions: PA containing 0.3% MB can be used as a photosensitizer for PDT to reduce S. mutans burden in carious dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Martins Pereira
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Center for Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas (PUC Campinas), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Lorena Rodriguez Estevam
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Center for Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas (PUC Campinas), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Mariana Franco da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Center for Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas (PUC Campinas), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Luiz Pinheiro
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Center for Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas (PUC Campinas), Campinas, Brazil
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TIȘLER CE, BADEA ME, BUDURU S, KUI A, FLORIA M, POPESCU Ș, MITARIU M, NEGUCIOIU M. Biofilm Inactivation using Photodynamic Therapy in Dentistry: a review of literature. BALNEO RESEARCH JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.12680/balneo.2020.353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a therapy involving light and a photosensitising chemical substance, used in conjunction with molecular oxygen in order to elicit cell death (photo-toxicity) and thus ability to kill microbial cells, including bacteria, fungi and viruses. Photodynamic therapy is an alternative method of biofilm disruption and it is considered a new way of microorganism inactivation. It is also an additional procedure to reduce the infection rate in patients, caused by the increasing antimicrobials resistance of bacteria. The aim of this literature review was to evaluate the specific effects and the antibacterial effectiveness of photodynamic therapy using different types of photosensitizers (Erythrosine, Rose Bengal, Toluidine blue, Methylene blue, Ozone, Riboflavin, Curcumin, Chlorhexidine, SAPYR) and a visible light of a specific wavelength for each photosensitizer and to reveal the applications of PDT in periodontics, endodontics, prosthodontics and dental caries. Methods: A research of literature was performed in an attempt to find all the articles published on this topic in the last 10 years. The articles was searched by using a certain combination of different keywords (photodynamic therapy ) and (diode laser ) and (teeth) in PubMed database. Results: A total number of 83 articles were found. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 35 articles were taken into consideration for our study and among them 4 were a manuscript, 3 was a review of literature, 1 was an in vivo evaluation and 27 were in vitro studies. Conclusion: Considering that none of the disinfection methods can completely remove the biofilm, PDT is a therapeutic tool complementary to conventional disinfection, with great applicability in dentistry. PDT showed significantly efficacy in reduction of biofilms. Exposure to light in the presence of a photosensitizing chemical substance helps in the reduction of microbes and the protocols could be recommended for clinical usage, but only together with ‘classic ‘ disinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina-Elena TIȘLER
- 1. Prosthodontic Department, "Iuliu Haţieganu“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mîndra-Eugenia BADEA
- 2. Prevention in Dentistry Department, "Iuliu Haţieganu“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Smaranda BUDURU
- 1. Prosthodontic Department, "Iuliu Haţieganu“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andreea KUI
- 1. Prosthodontic Department, "Iuliu Haţieganu“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihaela FLORIA
- 1. Prosthodontic Department, "Iuliu Haţieganu“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ștefan POPESCU
- 1. Prosthodontic Department, "Iuliu Haţieganu“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihai MITARIU
- 1. Prosthodontic Department, "Iuliu Haţieganu“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Marius NEGUCIOIU
- 1. Prosthodontic Department, "Iuliu Haţieganu“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Treatment of caries affected dentin with different photosensitizers and its effect on adhesive bond integrity to resin composite. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 31:101865. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Al Deeb L, Bin-Shuwaish MS, Abrar E, Naseem M, Al-Hamdan RS, Maawadh AM, Al Deeb M, Almohareb T, Al Ahdal K, Vohra F, Abduljabbar T. Efficacy of chlorhexidine, Er Cr YSGG laser and photodynamic therapy on the adhesive bond integrity of caries affected dentin. An in-vitro study. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 31:101875. [PMID: 32534249 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the adhesive bond integrity (shear bond strength-SBS) of composite resin bonded to carious dentin using chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX), Er,Cr:YSGG laser (ECYL) and photodynamic therapy (PDT). MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty carious and ten non-carious mandibular teeth were collected through non-traumatic extraction. All samples were embedded in polyvinyl cross-sections to the cemento-enamel junction. The preparation of caries-affected dentin was performed by grinding the specimens using silicon carbide discs. All specimens were randomly allocated in to four groups (n = 10). Group 1, non-affected dentin with no disinfection; Group 2, caries affected dentin treated with 2% CHX; Group 3, affected dentin disinfected with PDT [100 mg/L methylene blue solution (MBS) and Diode laser]; Group 4, affected dentin treated with ECYL. Self-etch adhesive was smeared on all specimens for 10 s and photopolymerized for 10 s. All specimens were placed in an incubator with humid environment for 24 h at 37 °C followed by positioning in universal testing machine for SBS testing. Failure mode examination of debonded samples was performed by a stereomicroscope. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for inter group comparison through mean and standard deviation of each group. For multiple group comparison Tukey HSD was employed. Level of significance was established at p < 0.05. RESULTS The highest SBS value was observed in group 1 (24.98 ± 1.59 MPa). Whereas, the lowest bond strength was displayed by group 3 (14.22 ± 1.40 MPa) specimens. Lased dentin in group 4 (15.89 ± 3.22 MPa) exhibited SBS values comparable to group 3 (14.22 ± 1.40 MPa). Group 2 (CHX-18.25 ± 1.29 MPa) exhibited statistically significant difference compared to all experimental groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Adhesive bond strength of disinfected carious dentin was higher with CHX treatment as compared to Photodynamic therapy and Er,Cr: YSGG laser treatment. Carious dentin showed lower bond strength to composite resin as compared to non-carious dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila Al Deeb
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University P. O. Box 60169, Riyadh 11545 Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammed S Bin-Shuwaish
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University P. O. Box 60169, Riyadh 11545 Saudi Arabia.
| | - Eisha Abrar
- Department of Community and Preventive Dental Sciences, Dow International Dental College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Mustafa Naseem
- Department of Community and Preventive Dental Sciences, Dow International Dental College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Rana S Al-Hamdan
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University P. O. Box 60169, Riyadh 11545 Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahmed M Maawadh
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University P. O. Box 60169, Riyadh 11545 Saudi Arabia.
| | - Modhi Al Deeb
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P. O. Box 60169, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Thamer Almohareb
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University P. O. Box 60169, Riyadh 11545 Saudi Arabia.
| | - Khold Al Ahdal
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University P. O. Box 60169, Riyadh 11545 Saudi Arabia.
| | - Fahim Vohra
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P. O. Box 60169, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Tariq Abduljabbar
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P. O. Box 60169, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia.
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Cytotoxic effect and apoptosis pathways activated by methylene blue-mediated photodynamic therapy in fibroblasts. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 29:101654. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Addition of hydrogen peroxide to methylene blue conjugated to β-cyclodextrin in photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy in S. mutans biofilm. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019; 28:226-233. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Nezhadi J, Eslami H, Fakhrzadeh V, Moaddab SR, Zeinalzadeh E, Kafil HS. Photodynamic therapy of infection in burn patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1097/mrm.0000000000000188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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18
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Akyuz S, Chousein (Ntemir) OM, Sacan O, Yanardag R, Kalaycı S, Yarat A, Sahin F. Antibacterial and photodynamic effects of some plant extracts for cavity disinfection. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019; 26:48-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Alves LVGL, Curylofo-Zotti FA, Borsatto MC, Salvador SLDS, Valério RA, Souza-Gabriel AE, Corona SAM. Influence of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in carious lesion. Randomized split-mouth clinical trial in primary molars. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019; 26:124-130. [PMID: 30807834 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The literature presents many studies regarding photodynamic antimicrobial therapy (aPDT). However, the great variety of protocols to be used can directly influence its effectiveness in reducing microorganisms. The aim of this randomized split-mouth clinical study was to evaluate the effect of aPDT in the reduction of Streptococcus mutans and their effect on restorations performed. METHODS Twenty children between 6 and 8 years old with active caries and dentin cavitation, located on the occlusal surface of homologous primary molars were included. The selective removal of carious tissue was performed in both molars, than one was subsequently restored and the other received aPDT treatment on the affected dentin with low intensity laser (InGaAlP) associated to 0.005% methylene blue photosensitizer before restoration. Dentin collections were performed only in the tooth submitted to aPDT in three moments: before and after selective caries removal and after application of aPDT. The restorations were analyzed after polishing and after 6 months using United States Public Health Service (USPHS) method. Data were analyzed using ANOVA with repeated measures and Bonferroni post-hoc test with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS There was a significant reduction on the amount of microorganisms after selective caries removal (p = 0.04) and also after the application of aPDT (p = 0.01). The reduction of S. mutans CFU was of 76.4% after caries removal, but associated with aPDT was 92.6%. After 6 months of clinical evaluation, no difference between groups was found for retention, marginal adaptation, color, marginal discoloration, and secondary caries. CONCLUSIONS aPDT can be used as an additional treatment against cariogenic microorganisms after selective caries removal without compromising composite resin restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maria Cristina Borsatto
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Sérgio Luiz de Souza Salvador
- Department of Clinical Toxicology and Bromatology of the School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo Alexandre Valério
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
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Cusicanqui Méndez DA, Gutierres E, José Dionisio E, Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf M, Cardoso Oliveira R, Andrade Moreira Machado MA, Cruvinel T. Curcumin-mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy reduces the viability and vitality of infected dentin caries microcosms. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2018; 24:102-108. [PMID: 30240927 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To our knowledge, there is a lack of evidence on the effect of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT) by the application of curcumin against complex biofilms of dental caries lesions. This study aimed to evaluate the viability, vitality, and acid metabolism of infected dentin caries microcosms treated with curcumin-mediated aPDT. METHODS After microcosm biofilms growing anaerobically on bovine dentin disks immersed in McBain medium with 1% sucrose at 37 °C for 5 days, the biofilms were treated by the association of DMSO water solution or 600 μmol L-1 curcumin with 0, 37.5 or 75 J cm-2 blue LED (455 nm). Then, the colony-forming units (CFU) counts of total microorganisms, total streptococci, mutans streptococci, and total lactobacilli were determined by plating. The lactic acid concentration was analyzed by enzymatic spectrophotometry method, while the vitality of intact biofilms was evaluated by confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). Statistical analysis was performed by Kruskal Wallis and post-hoc Dunn's tests (P < 0.05). RESULTS Curcumin alone did not affect the viability of microorganisms and the vitality of intact biofilms. However, 75 J cm-2 LED alone decreased the total microorganisms and total lactobacilli counts. The combination of curcumin and LED reduced significantly the counts of all microorganism groups and the vitality of intact biofilms. Differences were not observed between the lactic acid concentrations of distinct groups. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, curcumin-mediated aPDT was effective in reducing the viability and the vitality of infected dentin caries microcosms, without interfering in their acidogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eliézer Gutierres
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Evandro José Dionisio
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Thiago Cruvinel
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
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Ahrari F, Shahabi M, Fekrazad R, Eslami N, Mazhari F, Ghazvini K, Emrani N. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy of Lactobacillus acidophilus by indocyanine green and 810-nm diode laser. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2018; 24:145-149. [PMID: 30153475 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2018.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) using EmunDo as a photosensitizer against Lactobacillus acidophilus. A gallium aluminum arsenide diode laser was used in this experiment (810 nm, CW). Standard suspensions of Lactobacillus acidophilus were divided into six groups by treatment: 1) EmunDo, 2) diode laser (100 mW, 90 s), 3) diode laser (300 mW, 30 s); 4) EmunDo + diode laser (100 mW, 90 s), 5) EmunDo + diode laser (300 mW, 30 s), 6) control (no treatment). Bacterial suspensions from each group were subcultured onto the surface of MRS agar plates immediately and 24 h after treatment, and the viable microorganisms of Lactobacillus acidophilus were counted. The data were analyzed by ANOVA and student's t-test at p < 0.05. There was a significant between-group difference in the number of Lactobacillus acidophilus colonies in cell cultures obtained at 24 h after treatment (p < 0.001). The viable counts were significantly lower in EmunDo and both PDT groups, as compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). In the control and laser-irradiated groups, the number of colonies increased significantly at 24 h compared to the immediately after treatment (p < 0.05), whereas in both PDT groups, the number of colonies showed a significant reduction after 24 h of therapy (p < 0.05). Under the conditions used in this study, L. acidophilus colonies were susceptible to PDT after sensitization with EmunDo and exposure to diode laser. These findings imply that PDT is capable to reduce cariogenic bacteria, potentially leading to more conservative cavity preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Ahrari
- Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mostafa Shahabi
- Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Reza Fekrazad
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Faculty - Laser Research Center in Medical Science, AJA University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran and International Network for Photo Medicine and Photo Dynamic Therapy (INPMPDT), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Eslami
- Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mazhari
- Dental Material Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Kiarash Ghazvini
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Niloofar Emrani
- Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy as an Adjunct for Clinical Partial Removal of Deciduous Carious Tissue: A Minimally Invasive Approach. Photochem Photobiol 2018; 94:1240-1248. [DOI: 10.1111/php.12966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Saafan A, Zaazou MH, Sallam MK, Mosallam O, El Danaf HA. Assessment of Photodynamic Therapy and Nanoparticles Effects on Caries Models. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2018; 6:1289-1295. [PMID: 30087739 PMCID: PMC6062280 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2018.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Revised: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM: To assess the antibacterial competence of 650 nm diode laser, Methylene Blue (MB) and Silver Nano-Particles (Ag NPs) on Streptococcus mutans in biofilm-induced caries models. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred eighty specimens were prepared and equally divided into 6 groups. One group was untreated (control), and the others were subjected to either MB, laser, Ag NPs, the combination of MB and Laser or MB, laser and Ag NPs. RESULTS: Comparison of the log10 mean Colony Forming Units per millilitre (CFU/ml) values of each of the treated 5 groups and the control group was found statistically significant (P-value < 0.05). The combination of MB, laser and Ag NPs recorded the greatest reduction (95.28%). MB alone represented the least capable (74.09%). The efficiency differences among the Ag NPs treated group; the Laser treated group and the combined MB/Laser treated group were found statistically insignificant. CONCLUSION: The combination of MB, 650 nm diode laser and Ag NPs may be among the highly effective modern antimicrobial therapeutics in dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Saafan
- Dental Laser Applications Department, National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences (NILES), Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H Zaazou
- Restorative and Dental Materials Department, Oral and Dental Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa K Sallam
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Kasr El Aini Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Osama Mosallam
- Restorative and Dental Materials Department, Oral and Dental Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Heba A El Danaf
- Restorative and Dental Materials Department, Oral and Dental Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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Azizi A, Mousavian S, Taheri S, Lawaf S, Gonoudi E, Rahimi A. Comparison of the antimicrobial efficacy of photodynamic therapy with two mediators against Lactobacillus acidophilus in vitro. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2018; 21:357-362. [PMID: 29409897 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2018.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Lactobacillus is a cariogenic microorganism. Different therapeutic approaches including photodynamic therapy (PDT) have been suggested for treatment of bacterial infection. The purpose of the current study was to compare the effects of PDT with Indocyanine green (ICG) and Methylene blue (MB) photosensitizers (PSs) on Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus). MATERIALS AND METHODS In this in-vitro experimental study, 84 samples of L. acidophilus (1 McFarland standard) were compared in 14 experimental groups including: MB, ICG, 660-nm laser, 808-nm laser (pulsed, 74s/continuous-wave, 37s), different combinations of lasers and PSs, Chlorhexidine (CHX) 0.2%, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) 2.5%, penicillin 6.3.3 and control groups. The samples were cultured in microplates containing blood agar culture medium. After incubation at 37 °C for 48 h, the colony forming units (CFUs) of L. acidophilus were counted and compared before and after therapeutic interventions. Data were analyzed using SPSS19 software program according to one-way ANOVA test. RESULTS This study showed that the separate use of ICG, 660- and 808-nm lasers (pulsed, 74s/continuous-wave, 37s), and the combined use of 808-nm laser (pulsed, 74s/continuous-wave, 37s) and ICG have no significant inhibitory effect on L. acidophilus colonies (P > 0.05), whereas the separate use of MB and the combined use of 660-nm laser (continuous-wave, 37s/pulsed, 74s) and MB significantly inhibited the growth of L. acidophilus in comparison with the control group (p < 0.05). Likewise, CHX 0.2%, NaOCl 2.5% and penicillin 6.3.3 significantly inhibited the bacterial growth (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The results showed that separate use of MB and combined use of 660-nm laser and MB have a significant inhibitory effect on L. acidophilus growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Azizi
- Oral Medicine Department, Islamic Azad University, Dental Branch, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shiva Mousavian
- Oral Medicine Department, Islamic Azad University, Dental Branch, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Soudabeh Taheri
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shirin Lawaf
- Prosthodontics Department, Islamic Azad University, Dental Branch, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Elnaz Gonoudi
- Oral Medicine Department, Islamic Azad University, Dental Branch, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Arash Rahimi
- Biophysics Department, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran.
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Effect of methylene blue-mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy on dentin caries microcosms. Lasers Med Sci 2017; 33:479-487. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-017-2379-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Cieplik F, Buchalla W, Hellwig E, Al-Ahmad A, Hiller KA, Maisch T, Karygianni L. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy as an adjunct for treatment of deep carious lesions—A systematic review. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2017; 18:54-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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