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Li X, Zhao Z, Guo S, Yang C, Gao Y, Li L, Ning K, Zhang Q, Zhou N, Zhang H, Li Y. Effects of toothpaste containing inactivated Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Probio-01 on plaque-induced gingivitis and dental plaque microbiota. Microb Pathog 2024; 192:106701. [PMID: 38754566 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Plaque-induced gingivitis is an inflammatory response in gingival tissues resulting from bacterial plaque accumulation at the gingival margin. Postbiotics can promote the proliferation of beneficial bacteria and optimise the state of microbiota in the oral cavity. In this study, we investigated the effect of inactivated Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Probio-01 on plaque-induced gingivitis and the dental plaque microbiota. A total of 32 healthy gingival participants (Group N, using blank toothpaste for 3 months) and 60 patients with plaque-induced gingivitis (30 in Group F, using inactivated Probio-01 toothpaste for 3 months, and 30 in Group B, using blank toothpaste for 3 months, respectively) were recruited. Clinical indices, which included bleeding on probing (BOP), gingival index (GI), and plaque index (PI), were used to assess the severity of gingivitis. Furthermore, 16SrDNA amplicon sequencing was used to explore changes in the gingival state and dental plaque microbiota in patients with plaque-induced gingivitis. The results showed that inactivated Probio-01 significantly reduced clinical indices of gingivitis, including BOP, GI, and PI, in participants with plaque-induced gingivitis and effectively relieved gingival inflammation, compared with that observed in the control group (group B). Inactivated Probio-01 did not significantly influence the diversity of dental plaque microbiota, but increased the relative abundance of dental plaque core bacteria, such as Leptotrichia and Fusobacterium (P < 0.05). Strong correlations were observed between the indices and abundance of dental plaque microbiota. Overall, the inactivated Probio-01 significantly reduced the clinical indices of gingivitis and effectively improved gingival inflammation in patients with plaque-induced gingivitis. The activity of inactivated Probio-01 against plaque-induced gingivitis was possibly mediated by its ability to regulate the dental plaque microbiota, as indicated by the close correlation between the plaque microbiota and clinical indices of gingivitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Li
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, The Second Clinical Division, Kunming Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming, 650106, China
| | - Zhixin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Shuai Guo
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Chengcong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Health Products Technical Research & Development Center, Yunnanbaiyao Group Co. LTD, Kunming, China
| | - Lixian Li
- Department of Health Products Technical Research & Development Center, Yunnanbaiyao Group Co. LTD, Kunming, China
| | - Kegong Ning
- Department of Health Products Technical Research & Development Center, Yunnanbaiyao Group Co. LTD, Kunming, China
| | - Qiuxia Zhang
- Department of Health Products Technical Research & Development Center, Yunnanbaiyao Group Co. LTD, Kunming, China
| | - Ni Zhou
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, The Second Clinical Division, Kunming Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming, 650106, China
| | - Heping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, Inner Mongolia, China.
| | - Yanhong Li
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, The Second Clinical Division, Kunming Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming, 650106, China.
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Modiri S, Heidari M, Shahmohammadi R, Jabbareh L, Maboudi A, Moosazadeh M, Vali H, Noghabi KA. A tangible prospect for the treatment of gingivitis using a potentially probiotic strain Lactobacillus plantarum MK06 isolated from traditional dairy products: a triple blind randomized clinical trial. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:870. [PMID: 37974136 PMCID: PMC10655419 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03494-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frequent bacterial plaque buildup at the gingival margin and crevice can provoke an inflammatory reaction in gingival tissues which manifests as gingivitis. Probiotics could serve as a beneficial complementary therapy for treating gingival inflammation. The main aim of this research was to investigate the effect of the Lactobacillus plantarum MK06 probiotic strain on the treatment of gingivitis. METHODS Patients with gingivitis, who were referred to a private clinic and were systematically healthy, were included in this randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial. They were instructed to use either placebo or Lactobacillus plantarum suspensions for one minute two times a day after tooth-brushing for four weeks. Then, the clinical parameters of gingivitis, including plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), and oral hygiene index (OHI-s), were measured in the first, second, and fourth weeks. A total of forty-two patients were randomly assigned to the experimental (n = 21) and control (n = 21) groups. The mean age of the experimental and control groups was 29.10 and 28.48, respectively. RESULTS The mean scores of BOP, GI, PI, and OHI-s reduced over time in both the control and test groups. However, according to the Mann-Whitney test, the difference between the two groups was not significant at the same time intervals (P ≥ 0.05) and only GI showed a significant difference in the fourth week (GI-3, P = 0.006). Nevertheless, the experimental group experienced a higher overall reduction rate than the control group. The BOP, GI, PI, and OHI-s scores decreased by 0.081, 0.204, 0.186, and 0.172 times in the second week, respectively, resulting from the interaction of time and the intervention, which considerably diminished these indices. CONCLUSION This study shows the potential of the probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum MK06 suspension as a promoting therapeutic adjuvant in the treatment of gingivitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Modiri
- National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), P. O. Box 14155-6343, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Heidari
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Implant Research Center, Dental Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rojin Shahmohammadi
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Jabbareh
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Dental Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Avideh Maboudi
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Dental Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mahmood Moosazadeh
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Hojatollah Vali
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, McGill University, 3640 Street, Montreal, QC, H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Kambiz Akbari Noghabi
- National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), P. O. Box 14155-6343, Tehran, Iran.
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Lundtorp Olsen C, Massarenti L, Vendius VFD, Gürsoy UK, Van Splunter A, Bikker FJ, Gürsoy M, Damgaard C, Markvart M, Belstrøm D. Probiotics Support Resilience of the Oral Microbiota during Resolution after Experimental Gingivitis-A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2023; 15:4805. [PMID: 38004199 PMCID: PMC10675299 DOI: 10.3390/nu15224805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to test whether probiotics protect against experimental gingivitis incited by 14 days of oral hygiene neglect and/or subsequently support the restoration of oral homeostasis. Eighty systemically and orally healthy participants refrained from oral hygiene procedures for 14 days, followed by 14 days with regular oral hygiene procedures. Additionally, participants consumed either probiotics (n = 40) or placebo (n = 40) throughout the trial. At baseline, day 14, and day 28, supragingival plaque score and bleeding-on-probing percentage (BOP %) were registered, and supragingival plaque and saliva samples were collected. The supragingival microbiota was characterized using 16S sequencing, and saliva samples were analyzed for levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and proteases. At day 28, the relative abundance of Lautropia (p = 0.014), Prevotella (p = 0.046), Fusobacterium (p = 0.033), and Selenomonas (p = 0.0078) genera were significantly higher in the placebo group compared to the probiotics group, while the relative abundance of Rothia (p = 0.047) species was associated with the probiotics group. Streptococcus sanguinis was associated with the probiotics group, while Campylobacter gracilis was associated with the placebo group. No difference was observed in salivary cytokines, albumin, or any enzyme activity. The present study suggests that probiotics support the resilience of the oral microbiota in the resolution period after gingivitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Lundtorp Olsen
- Section for Clinical Oral Microbiology, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; (V.F.D.V.); (M.M.); (D.B.)
- AMD Denmark A/S, 3390 Hundested, Denmark
| | - Laura Massarenti
- Section for Oral Biology and Immunopathology, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; (L.M.); (C.D.)
| | - Vincent Frederik Dahl Vendius
- Section for Clinical Oral Microbiology, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; (V.F.D.V.); (M.M.); (D.B.)
| | - Ulvi Kahraman Gürsoy
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland; (U.K.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Annina Van Splunter
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (A.V.S.); (F.J.B.)
| | - Floris J. Bikker
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (A.V.S.); (F.J.B.)
| | - Mervi Gürsoy
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland; (U.K.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Christian Damgaard
- Section for Oral Biology and Immunopathology, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; (L.M.); (C.D.)
| | - Merete Markvart
- Section for Clinical Oral Microbiology, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; (V.F.D.V.); (M.M.); (D.B.)
| | - Daniel Belstrøm
- Section for Clinical Oral Microbiology, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; (V.F.D.V.); (M.M.); (D.B.)
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Babina K, Salikhova D, Doroshina V, Makeeva I, Zaytsev A, Uvarichev M, Polyakova M, Novozhilova N. Antigingivitis and Antiplaque Effects of Oral Probiotic Containing the Streptococcus salivarius M18 Strain: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Nutrients 2023; 15:3882. [PMID: 37764667 PMCID: PMC10535351 DOI: 10.3390/nu15183882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to assess the effect of oral probiotic containing the Streptococcus salivarius M18 strain on gingival inflammation, bleeding on probing, and oral biofilm. Sixty-one consenting participants aged between 18 and 25 with gingivitis were recruited in this double-blind, parallel-group study and randomly divided into the probiotic group (n = 31) and the placebo group (n = 30). Fifty-seven participants completed the entire study protocol, 27 in the probiotic group and 30 in the placebo group. The outcomes were assessed after 4 weeks of intervention and 4 weeks of follow-up. There was a significant decrease in the Gingival Index, with the effect size of 0.58 [95%CI 0.05-1.10], and Turesky modification of the Quigley and Hein Plaque Index, with the effect size of 0.55 [95%CI: 0.02-1.07], in the probiotic group after the intervention. However, after a 4-week follow-up, the only significant treatment outcome was improved gingival condition according to the Gingival Index. The Gingival Bleeding Index also decreased significantly in the probiotic group after the intervention period; after the follow-up, this parameter did not differ significantly in both groups from the baseline values. In the placebo group, there were no significant improvements in the assessed parameters throughout this study. No serious side effects were registered. Within the limitations of this study, we conclude that the use of oral probiotic containing the Streptococcus salivarius M18 strain resulted in a significant improvement in gingival condition and oral hygiene level in young adults with gingivitis. Trial registration NCT05727436. Funding: none.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ksenia Babina
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.); (V.D.); (I.M.); (M.U.); (M.P.); (N.N.)
| | - Dilara Salikhova
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.); (V.D.); (I.M.); (M.U.); (M.P.); (N.N.)
| | - Vladlena Doroshina
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.); (V.D.); (I.M.); (M.U.); (M.P.); (N.N.)
| | - Irina Makeeva
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.); (V.D.); (I.M.); (M.U.); (M.P.); (N.N.)
| | - Alexandr Zaytsev
- Institute of Linguistics and Intercultural Communication, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Matvey Uvarichev
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.); (V.D.); (I.M.); (M.U.); (M.P.); (N.N.)
| | - Maria Polyakova
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.); (V.D.); (I.M.); (M.U.); (M.P.); (N.N.)
| | - Nina Novozhilova
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.); (V.D.); (I.M.); (M.U.); (M.P.); (N.N.)
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Outside the limits of bacterial viability: postbiotics in the management of periodontitis. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 201:115072. [PMID: 35513043 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a major cause of tooth loss in adults worldwide and is caused by an unbalanced oral microbiota in a susceptible host, ultimately leading to tissue breakdown and bone loss. Traditionally, the treatment for periodontitis is scaling and root planing; however, some cases require adjuvant therapy, such as antibiotics administration or surgery. Various factors are involved in the pathogenesis and interact in an unpredictable way, increasing the complexity of the disease and making it difficult to manage. In this context, the administration of probiotics aimed at resolving bacterial dysbiosis and the associated dysregulation of the immune system has been employed in clinical trials with encouraging results. However, the use of viable microorganisms is not risk-free, and immunocompromised patients may develop adverse effects. Therefore, the use of inactivated microbial cells, cell fractions, or soluble products and metabolites of probiotics, known as postbiotics, has gained increasing attention. In this commentary, we present the current literature assessing the impact of postbiotics on the growth and metabolism of periodontal pathogens, as well as on the progression of periodontitis in rodents and humans. We also discuss the limitations of the available data and what the scientific community should consider in order to transfer this innovative therapeutic modality from the bench to the bedside.
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Agossa K, Dubar M, Lemaire G, Blaizot A, Catteau C, Bocquet E, Nawrocki L, Boyer E, Meuric V, Siepmann F. Effect of Lactobacillus reuteri on Gingival Inflammation and Composition of the Oral Microbiota in Patients Undergoing Treatment with Fixed Orthodontic Appliances: Study Protocol of a Randomized Control Trial. Pathogens 2022; 11:112. [PMID: 35215057 PMCID: PMC8878988 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11020112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of probiotics in improving or maintaining oral health in orthodontic patients is understudied. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of probiotic administration in addition to tooth brushing on clinical gingival inflammation, plaque formation, subgingival microbiota composition, and salivary biomarkers of inflammation in adolescents with fixed orthodontic appliances. The present study is a 6-month, double-blind, two-arm, placebo-controlled, single-center trial, in which 116 adolescent volunteers aged 12-16 years will be recruited from the patients of the orthodontics clinic of the University Hospital of Lille, France. Subjects who meet the eligibility criteria will be allocated to one of the following groups: (i) control: two placebo lozenges per day for 90 days together with regular oral hygiene, (ii) test: two probiotic lozenges per day for 90 days together with regular oral hygiene. Clinical assessment and biological sample collection will be performed at baseline, 3 and 6 months. In addition, compliance outcomes and adverse events will be monitored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevimy Agossa
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1008—Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, F-59000 Lille, France;
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of Lille, Place de Verdun, F-59000 Lille, France; (M.D.); (G.L.)
| | - Marie Dubar
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of Lille, Place de Verdun, F-59000 Lille, France; (M.D.); (G.L.)
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Grégoire Lemaire
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of Lille, Place de Verdun, F-59000 Lille, France; (M.D.); (G.L.)
| | - Alessandra Blaizot
- Department of Dental Public Health, School of Dentistry, CHU Lille, Univ. Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (A.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Céline Catteau
- Department of Dental Public Health, School of Dentistry, CHU Lille, Univ. Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (A.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Emmanuël Bocquet
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, CHU Lille, Univ. Lille, F-59037 Lille, France;
| | - Laurent Nawrocki
- Department of Oral Surgery, School of Dentistry, CHU Lille, Univ. Lille, F-59037 Lille, France;
| | - Emile Boyer
- INSERM, INRAE, Université de Rennes 1, CHU de Rennes, Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer, F-35000 Rennes, France; (E.B.); (V.M.)
- Teaching Hospital Pontchaillou, 2 rue Henri le Guilloux, F-35033 Rennes, France
| | - Vincent Meuric
- INSERM, INRAE, Université de Rennes 1, CHU de Rennes, Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer, F-35000 Rennes, France; (E.B.); (V.M.)
- Teaching Hospital Pontchaillou, 2 rue Henri le Guilloux, F-35033 Rennes, France
| | - Florence Siepmann
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1008—Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, F-59000 Lille, France;
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Schlagenhauf U, Jockel-Schneider Y. Probiotics in the Management of Gingivitis and Periodontitis. A Review. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2021.708666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In the management of intestinal health problems, the targeted use of probiotic microorganisms is a common therapeutic measure with a long-standing tradition. In clinical dentistry however, probiotics-based therapy is still a rather new and developing field, whose usefulness for the control of gingivitis and periodontitis has been questioned by recent meta-analyses and systematic reviews. The purpose of the subsequent descriptive review is to provide an introduction to the concept of probiotic microorganisms and their multifaceted health-promoting interactions with the human host and microbial competitors, followed by a detailed comparison of the results of available controlled clinical trials assessing the use of probiotics in the control of gingival and periodontal inflammations. It aims at contributing to a deeper understanding of the unique capabilities of probiotics to resolve chronic plaque-induced inflammation even in the absence of mechanical plaque control and will discuss how possible misconceptions about the rationale for using probiotics may have led to the present controversies about their usefulness as a therapeutic option.
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Sang-Ngoen T, Czumbel LM, Sadaeng W, Mikó A, Németh DI, Mátrai P, Hegyi P, Tóth B, Csupor D, Kiss I, Szabó A, Gerber G, Varga G, Kerémi B. Orally Administered Probiotics Decrease Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans but Not Other Periodontal Pathogenic Bacteria Counts in the Oral Cavity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:682656. [PMID: 34447307 PMCID: PMC8383782 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.682656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: At the initial part of the gastrointestinal tract, multiple tissues serve the normal function of food delivery. Periodontal structures are integral elements of these. When they deteriorate, it is extremely challenging to regenerate and reconstruct them. The conventional intervention for periodontal disease is scaling and root planning with the aim of reducing pathogenic bacteria. However, periodontal pathogens can rapidly recolonize treated areas. Probiotics have been proposed as novel tools for managing oral health by suppressing pathogenic bacteria through their anti-inflammatory effect, but the available data are controversial. Aim: Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to study the effect of probiotics on periodontal pathogenic bacteria. Methods: The study was registered in PROSPERO under registration number CRD42018094903. A comprehensive literature search from four electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, Embase, and Web of Science) yielded nine eligible records for statistical analysis. Studies measuring bacterial counts in saliva and supra- and subgingival plaque were included. Bacterial counts were analyzed using standard mean difference (SMD) and by a random effects model with the DerSimonian-Laird estimation. Results: The results showed a significant decrease in the overall count of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in the probiotic-treated group compared to the control at 4 weeks (SMD: -0.28; 95% CI: -0.56--0.01; p = 0.045) but not later. Analyzing the bacterial counts in subgroups, namely, in saliva and supra- and subgingival plaque, separately, yielded no significant difference. Probiotics had no significant effect on the overall count of Porphyromonas gingivalis at 4 weeks (SMD: -0.02; 95% CI: -0.35-0.31; p = 0.914) or later. Subgroup analysis also revealed no significant difference between treatment and control groups nor did probiotics significantly decrease the overall and subgroup bacterial counts of Prevotella intermedia, Tannerella forsythia, and Fusobacterium nucleatum. Conclusion: Our data support the beneficial effect of probiotics in reducing A. actinomycetemcomitans counts, but not of other key periodontal pathogenic bacteria in periodontal disease patients. However, due to the complex mechanism associated with periodontal disease and the limitations of the available studies, there is a further need for well-designed randomized clinical trials to assess the efficacy of probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wuttapon Sadaeng
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Alexandra Mikó
- Szentágothai Research Centre, Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Dávid István Németh
- Szentágothai Research Centre, Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Péter Mátrai
- Szentágothai Research Centre, Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Péter Hegyi
- Szentágothai Research Centre, Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Division of Pancreatic Diseases, Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Barbara Tóth
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dezső Csupor
- Szentágothai Research Centre, Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - István Kiss
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Andrea Szabó
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Gerber
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Varga
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Beáta Kerémi
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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9
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Mucoadhesive wafers for buccal delivery of probiotic bacteria: Mechanical properties and enumeration. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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10
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NĘdzi-GÓra M, WrÓblewska M, GÓrska R. The Effect of Lactobacillus salivarius SGL03 on Clinical and Microbiological Parameters in Periodontal Patients. Pol J Microbiol 2020; 69:441-451. [PMID: 33574872 PMCID: PMC7812367 DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2020-047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The destruction of periodontal tissues during periodontitis is the result of the immune-inflammatory reactions to the bacteria of dental biofilm. Probiotics may reduce dysbiosis by the modification of the dental microbiome, which can influence the immune-inflammatory mechanisms. The aim of this study was to estimate the clinical and microbiological parameters, before and after 30 days of application of the dietary supplement containing Lactobacillus salivarius SGL03 or placebo. The study was conducted in 51 patients with stage I or II periodontitis during the maintenance phase of treatment. The clinical parameters and the number of colony forming units (CFU) of bacteria in supragingival plaque were assessed before and after 30 days of the oral once daily administration of the dietary supplement in the form of suspension containing L. salivarius SGL03 or placebo. There were no changes in the PI scores between and within the groups. The value of BOP decreased in both groups. In the study group the significant reduction of the mean pocket depth was revealed (from 2.5 to 2.42, p = 0,027) but without the difference between the groups. There were no significant changes in the number of bacteria within the groups. In the control, but not the study group, positive correlations were observed between the clinical parameters (variables) and the number of bacteria. The use of the dietary supplement containing L. salivarius SGL03 may reduce pocket depth despite the lack of changes in other clinical parameters and the number of bacteria in supragingival plaque.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marta WrÓblewska
- Department of Dental Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Department of Microbiology, Central Clinical Hospital, University Clinical Centre, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Renata GÓrska
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Mucosa Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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