Escolarização e seus efeitos no letramento de idosos acima de 65 anos

Translation, transcultural adaptation into Brazilian Portuguese and concurrent validity of the rheumatoid arthritis assessment scale (RAKAS-13/Brazil)

BACKGROUND

Knowledge of patients about Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a necessary aspect to better approach self-management support in a patient-centered manner. The research instrument known as the Rheumatoid Arthritis Knowledge Assessment Scale (RAKAS), consisting of 13 items, is simple, reliable and reproducible, and can be applied in both clinical practice and research protocols.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to translate and culturally adapt the RAKAS vocabulary into Brazilian Portuguese and to evaluate its concurrent validity.

METHODS

The RAKAS was translated into Brazilian Portuguese and administered to 52 elderly women with RA recruited between May 2021 and May 2022. Concurrent validity was assessed using the Spearman's correlation coefficient between RAKAS and Patient Knowledge Questionnaire (PKQ).

RESULTS

The participants considered RAKAS-13/BRAZIL easy to understand and did not report any doubts in answering the final version. Concurrent validity of the RAKAS-13/BRAZIL was low compared to the PKQ (ρ = 0.283, p = 0.038).

CONCLUSION

The Brazilian Portuguese version of the RAKAS (RAKAS-13/BRASIL) proved to be a questionnaire that was easy and quick to administer to assess patient knowledge about Rheumatoid Arthritis, despite its low correlation with the PKQ in the present study.

Autonomy and participatory aging: a dialogical practice

ABSTRACT Purpose: to understand the effects that dialogical practices can have on the social participation and autonomy of people over 60 years old, as well as the way they face their own aging. Methods: this qualitative study was based on the dialogical discourse analysis, which considers language as the practice that organizes and signifies human actions. Thus, after dialogical practices developed during weekly meetings of 90 minutes, focused on oral, reading and writing activities related to elderly people´s life stories, the aged participants responded to a semi-structured interview. Results: the results allowed verifying that dialogical activities had positive effects on elderly people´s social participation and autonomy, so, they could have: a) more confidence and freedom to use the language; b) strength and reassurance to make decisions; c) more possibility to cope with aging; d) enhancement of their self-esteem and self-worth. Conclusion: it can be concluded that activities based on dialogical practices can promote an active, participatory aging, with a better quality of life.

Active aging: an intervention-research report

ABSTRACT Purpose: this study aimed to analyze significant effects of language activities on elderly people´s autonomy and social participation. Methods: it is an intervention research report, based on a dialogical discourse perspective, developed in two stages. In the first, a speech-language intervention involving written and oral practices about life stories was carried out with six elderly participants. In the second, a semi-structured interview was applied with these participants based on questions that addressed the aims of the study. Results: the participants were all females, aged between 61 and 90 years old. Their statements indicated that, through dialogical practices, they were able to increase their social participation, autonomy and self-esteem; they were also able to deconstruct stigmatizing social standards imposed to elderly people. Final Considerations: dialogical practices among the elderly can help promote active aging and overcome negative conceptions about elderly people, as proposed by the World Health Organization and the National Health Care Policy for the Elderly, which confirm that elderly people contribute to social development.

Analise das práticas de letramento de ingressantes e concluintes de uma instituição de ensino superior: estudo de caso

RESUMO O presente estudo visa caracterizar e analisar a qualidade das práticas e o nível de letramento, bem como as possibilidades de leitura e compreensão de textos, presentes no cotidiano acadêmico e extra-acadêmico de estudantes ingressantes e concluintes de uma universidade brasileira. A amostra foi constituída por 392 participantes: 218 ingressantes e 174 concluintes provenientes de cursos de Bacharelado e de Licenciatura de uma universidade brasileira. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de um questionário com questões abertas e objetivas, no qual continham perguntas referentes a informações pessoais e da vida escolar de cada estudante; dados sobre as práticas de leitura e escrita no cotidiano dos universitários e um teste prático de leitura, elaborado e adaptado a partir do Indicador Nacional de Alfabetismo Funcional. Para a análise, adotou-se a abordagem quali-quantitativa. Foi possível observar que, embora os textos apresentados pertencessem a gêneros primários, os estudantes apresentaram respostas incorretas e não condizentes ao nível de escolaridade no qual se encontram matriculados. Conclui-se que dos sujeitos avaliados, a maioria tanto de ingressantes quanto de concluintes apresenta o nível 2 de alfabetismo, o que demonstra que as defasagens com relação as práticas de letramento oriundas da educação básica ainda prevalecem na educação superior.

Impacto de atividades dialógicas intergeracionais na percepção de crianças, adolescentes e idosos

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar o impacto que atividades dialógicas intergeracionais pode ter na percepção que crianças e adolescentes têm sobre pessoas idosas e vice-versa. Métodos: integraram a amostra da pesquisa 12 idosos e 21 crianças e adolescentes interessados em desenvolver atividades dialógicas intergeracionais. Durante oito meses, eles participaram de atividades conjuntas organizadas semanalmente em torno de atividades dialógicas orais, de leitura e de escrita, envolvendo a intergeracionalidade. Ao final deste período, foram aplicadas entrevistas semiestruturadas junto aos sujeitos da pesquisa para verificar o impacto dessas atividades sobre eles. Resultados: as respostas foram organizadas e interpretadas de acordo com a proposição metodológica da Análise de Conteúdo, resultando na formulação de sete categorias. Estas evidenciaram uma visão menos preconceituosa dos participantes frente à geração oposta. Conclusão: no tangente aos idosos, os mesmos afirmaram que as atividades os levou a relembrar o passado e ressignificar o presente, ampliando a percepção que tinham de si próprios e fortalecendo o vínculo intergeracional. Crianças e adolescentes, por sua vez, reconheceram a necessidade de ultrapassarem estereótipos negativos em torno da velhice e perceberam as possibilidades de aprendizagem que podem surgir mediante o convívio com os idosos.