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Jeruszka-Bielak M, Hamulka J, Czarniecka-Skubina E, Hoffmann M, Kostyra E, Stasiewicz B, Jeszka J, Wadolowska L. Dietary-Physical Activity Patterns in the Health Context of Older Polish Adults: The 'ABC of Healthy Eating' Project. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183757. [PMID: 36145132 PMCID: PMC9506088 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to analyze the dietary–physical activity patterns (D-PAPs) in the health context of Polish people aged 60+ years. A total of 418 respondents across Poland were recruited; however, the final analysis included 361 women and men aged 60–89 years old. D-PAPs were derived using a principal component analysis (PCA); input variables were the frequency of consumption of 10 food groups and physical activity. Finally, three D-PAPs were identified: ‘Pro-healthy eating and more-active’, ‘Sweets, fried foods and sweetened beverages’, and ‘Juices, fish and sweetened beverages’. We developed the Functional Limitations Score (FLS) using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA®). A logistic regression was applied to verify the association between the D-PAPs and health-condition outcomes. Older adults were more likely to adhere to the upper tertile of the ‘Pro-healthy eating and more-active’ pattern, with good/better self-reported health status in comparison with their peers (OR = 1.86) or with good/very good self-assessed appetite (OR = 2.56), while this was less likely for older adults with malnutrition risk (OR = 0.37) or with a decrease in food intake (OR = 0.46). Subjects with a decrease in food intake (OR = 0.43), who declared a recent weight loss (OR = 0.49), or older adults in the upper tertile of the FLS (OR = 0.34) were less likely to adhere to the upper tertile of the ‘Sweets, fried foods and sweetened beverages’ pattern. The decrease in food intake due to a loss of appetite or chewing or swallowing difficulties was inversely associated with the ‘Pro-healthy eating and more-active’ pattern characterized by a relatively high frequency of consumption of vegetables, fruit, water, dairy, and grains and a high physical activity. In the interest of the good nutritional status and health of older adults, special attention should be paid to removing limitations in meal consumption, including improved appetite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Jeruszka-Bielak
- Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Hamulka
- Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Ewa Czarniecka-Skubina
- Department of Food Gastronomy and Food Hygiene, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS), 159C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Hoffmann
- Department of Functional and Organic Food, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Eliza Kostyra
- Department of Functional and Organic Food, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Beata Stasiewicz
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Sloneczna 45F, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jan Jeszka
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznan, Poland
| | - Lidia Wadolowska
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Sloneczna 45F, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
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Souza LBD, Martins KA, Bomfim RA. Inadequate distribution of dietary protein and muscle mass in older adults. GERIATRICS, GERONTOLOGY AND AGING 2022. [DOI: 10.53886/gga.e0220001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To assess protein intake, its distribution across main meals and the relationship between this distribution and muscle mass in older adults. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 47 older adults attending a community center in Campo Grande, MS, Brazil. A sociodemographic questionnaire was used to characterize the population. Dietary intake data were collected using two 24-hour dietary recalls on nonconsecutive days. Anthropometric measures and handgrip strength were collected. Skeletal muscle mass was calculated from the anthropometric measures. Descriptive statistics were used to derive means and standard deviations. Analysis of variance and Tukey tests were performed, with a significance level of 5% (p < 0.05). RESULTS: The older adults, mostly Caucasian, female, physically active, at risk of malnutrition, and with a low level of education, had an energy intake of 1305.28 kcal/day. Protein intake was 65.19 g/day, with a mean of 0.93 g/kg/day. Lunch was the meal with the highest protein intake (33.85 ± 2.47 g). The lowest protein intake was observed at breakfast (8.56 ± 0.82 g). All meals were below the recommendation of 40 g of protein/meal. Protein intake at breakfast was associated with calf circumference (p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: The older adults in this study consumed a low amount of total and per-meal protein. Breakfast showed the lowest protein intake, and this was associated with calf circumference in the study sample.
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Gaspareto N, Previdelli ÁN, Laurentino GC, de Aquino RDC. Protein Consumption: Inadequacy in Amount, Food Sources, and Mealtime Distribution in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. AGEING INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12126-021-09465-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Machado-Lima A, Alonso AC, Gozzo D, Zanca GG, Brech GC, Montiel JM, Bastos MF, Longo PL, Mota-Ortiz SR. Corrigendum: Self-Perception of Changes in Routines in Adults and Older Adults Associated to Social Distancing Due to COVID-19-A Study in São Paulo, Brazil. Front Psychol 2021; 12:684729. [PMID: 34093376 PMCID: PMC8170680 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.684729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Machado-Lima
- Postgraduate Program in Aging Sciences, São Judas Tadeu University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Débora Gozzo
- Postgraduate Program in Aging Sciences, São Judas Tadeu University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gisele Garcia Zanca
- Postgraduate Program in Aging Sciences, São Judas Tadeu University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - José Maria Montiel
- Postgraduate Program in Aging Sciences, São Judas Tadeu University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marta Ferreira Bastos
- Postgraduate Program in Aging Sciences, São Judas Tadeu University, São Paulo, Brazil
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Arnold M, Rajagukguk YV, Gramza-Michałowska A. Functional Food for Elderly High in Antioxidant and Chicken Eggshell Calcium to Reduce the Risk of Osteoporosis-A Narrative Review. Foods 2021; 10:656. [PMID: 33808726 PMCID: PMC8003428 DOI: 10.3390/foods10030656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The elderly population is increasing globally and is predicted to reach 1.5 billion in 2050. The quality of life of the elderly must be concerned, for example, with developing functional food for the elderly. In this article, the development of functional food to reduce the risk of osteoporosis in the elderly is reviewed. Oxidative stress is one of the factors which accelerates osteoporosis. Various antioxidants, including vitamin C, vitamin E, polyphenols, or lycopene, have been proven by former studies to have antioxidant activity, therefore, could reduce the risk of osteoporosis. Additionally, the application of eggshell powder in various food products has been reported to improve calcium intake, and its usage is environmentally sustainable as this could contribute to reducing food waste. The application of both antioxidants and calcium could be a good combination, but the amount of some antioxidants must be concerned so it would not interfere with the bioavailability of calcium. Therefore, this review aims to explore the functional food for the elderly to reduce the risk of osteoporosis, particularly with antioxidants and calcium from chicken eggshells. The eating preference and dietary pattern of the elderly are also considered to determine the suitable form of functional food for the elderly. The results presented in the study may be the basis for the development of new calcium-enriched food products for the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anna Gramza-Michałowska
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60624 Poznań, Poland; (M.A.); (Y.V.R.)
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Machado-Lima A, Alonso AC, Gozzo D, Zanca GG, Brech GC, Montiel JM, Bastos MF, Longo PL, Mota-Ortiz SR. Self-Perception of Changes in Routines in Adults and Older Adults Associated to Social Distancing Due to COVID-19-A Study in São Paulo, Brazil. Front Psychol 2021; 12:607559. [PMID: 33708158 PMCID: PMC7940366 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.607559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is an acute respiratory illness with higher mortality in older adults. This condition is spread person-to-person through close contact, and among policies employed to decrease transmission are the improvement of hygiene habits and physical distancing. Although social distancing has been recognized as the best way to prevent the transmission, there are concerns that it may promote increased depression symptoms risk and anxiety, mainly in older adults. This cross-sectional study aimed to verify self-concept of social distancing in adults compared to older adults. All participants, over 18 years and residents of São Paulo state (Brazil), were invited to join this research study by a message application and answered an interdisciplinary questionnaire during the period from May 23 to June 23, 2020. The questions were divided into the following aspects: sociodemographic data, financial conditions, routine-related perception, perception of health, physical and emotional state, and eating habits. The younger adult group was composed of 139 participants, with a mean age of 43.15 years (±10.92), and the older adult group was composed of 437 participants with a mean age of 67.59 years (±6.13) of both sex. Changes in routine during the period of social distance were reported by 95% of adults and 96.8% of older adults, but adults indicated more significant alterations in routine. Although there was no difference between groups for several aspects, adults revealed greater alterations in sleep quality, evacuation frequency, and more difficulty to perform daily activities at home. Further studies are necessary to follow up the impacts of social distancing among adults and older adults in different socioeconomic contexts to better understand the long-term alterations and the necessity of interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Machado-Lima
- Postgraduate Program in Aging Sciences, São Judas Tadeu University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Débora Gozzo
- Postgraduate Program in Aging Sciences, São Judas Tadeu University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gisele Garcia Zanca
- Postgraduate Program in Aging Sciences, São Judas Tadeu University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - José Maria Montiel
- Postgraduate Program in Aging Sciences, São Judas Tadeu University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marta Ferreira Bastos
- Postgraduate Program in Aging Sciences, São Judas Tadeu University, São Paulo, Brazil
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Spence C, Youssef J. Aging and the (Chemical) Senses: Implications for Food Behaviour Amongst Elderly Consumers. Foods 2021; 10:foods10010168. [PMID: 33467624 PMCID: PMC7830801 DOI: 10.3390/foods10010168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The growing aging population are increasingly suffering from the negative health consequences of the age-related decline in their senses, especially their chemical senses. Unfortunately, however, unlike for the higher senses of vision and hearing, there is currently nothing that can be done to bring back the chemical senses once they are lost (or have started their inevitable decline). The evidence suggests that such chemosensory changes can result in a range of maladaptive food behaviours, including the addition of more salt and sugar to food and drink in order to experience the same taste intensity while, at the same time, reducing their overall consumption because food has lost its savour. Here, though, it is also important to stress the importance of the more social aspects of eating and drinking, given the evidence suggesting that a growing number of older individuals are consuming more of their meals alone than ever before. Various solutions have been put forward in order to try to enhance the food experience amongst the elderly, including everything from optimising the product-intrinsic food inputs provided to the remaining functional senses through to a variety of digital interventions. Ultimately, however, the aim has to be to encourage healthier patterns of food consumption amongst this rapidly-growing section of the population by optimising the sensory, nutritional, social, and emotional aspects of eating and drinking. An experimental dinner with the residents of one such home where nostalgic-flavoured healthy ice-creams were served is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Spence
- Crossmodal Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Anna Watts Building, Oxford OX2 6GG, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - Jozef Youssef
- Kitchen Theory, Unit 9A Alston Works, London EN5 4EL, UK;
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Use of structural equation models to evaluate the relationship between eating patterns and obesity for elderly people. NUTR HOSP 2020; 37:715-722. [PMID: 32720505 DOI: 10.20960/nh.02730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Introduction: in the Brazilian population it is noted that obesity is increasing in all ages, particularly in the elderly, due to changes in habits and the consumption of foods with high energy density. The objective of this study was to reanalyze the data from a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) in order to obtain new food patterns from the elderly population. Methods: sociodemographic data, morbidities, and Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) results were collected from a representative sample of 355 elderly in the city of Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil, and stratified by Basic Health Unit in the municipality. The data from the FFQ were transformed into daily consumption, and only foods with an intake of at least 40 % were included in the analysis. Eating patterns were obtained by means of an exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis using the principal component method, associating them with obesity and demographic variables obtained via structural equation models (SEMs). Results: with the data from the FFQ, four eating patterns were obtained using the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis: healthy, traditional, snacks and weekend meals, and mild diet. Using SEMs and considering general obesity as measured by the body mass index (BMI), being female, younger, hypertensive, diabetic, and having lower adherence to the traditional pattern increases BMI. Additionally, using SEMs and considering central obesity as measured by waist circumference (WC), being hypertensive or diabetic, and having a lower adherence to the traditional pattern increases WC. Conclusion: removing excess zeroes from FFQ data it was possible to obtain well-defined eating patterns using the exploratory and confirmatory analysis, and to associate them with obesity through SEMs.
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Spence C, Navarra J, Youssef J. Using ice-cream as an effective vehicle for energy/nutrient delivery in the elderly. Int J Gastron Food Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijgfs.2019.100140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Silveira BKS, de Novaes JF, Reis NDA, Lourenço LP, Capobiango AHM, Vieira SA, Hermsdorff HHM. "Traditional" and "Healthy" Dietary Patterns Are Associated with Low Cardiometabolic Risk in Brazilian Subjects. Cardiol Res Pract 2018; 2018:4585412. [PMID: 30581607 PMCID: PMC6276399 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4585412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed at determining the dietary patterns and investigating their association with cardiometabolic risk markers in a brazilian population at risk. This transversal study was carried out with data of 265 patients (n = 123 M/172 W, age 42 ± 16 years) of the Cardiovascular Health Care Program-PROCARDIO-UFV, Brazil-who had their first appointment between 2012 and 2017. A 24-hour recall was applied. The dietary patterns were determined by Principal Component Analysis. Anthropometric, clinical-metabolic, sociodemographic, and lifestyle data were collected through medical record analysis. Five patterns were identified: "Traditional", "Caloric", "Unhealthy", "Healthy," and "Healthy Snacks". In bivariate analysis, the "Healthy" pattern was negatively associated with WC (waist circunference), BMI (body mass index), WHR (waist-to-hip ratio), SBP (systolic blood pressure), fasting glucose, TG/HDL, LDL/HDL, and TG/HDL values and positively to HDL. The "Traditional" pattern was positively associated with adiposity indicators (WC, BMI, and WHR) and negatively associated with body fat, TyG (triglyceride-glucose index), HDL, and LDL (P < 0.05). However, in adjusted models of Poisson regression, individuals with positive factor score (higher adherence) in the "Traditional" and "Healthy" patterns had less occurrence of abdominal obesity (PR 0.85; 95% CI 0.74-0.99/PR 0.88; 95% CI 0.02-0.76), as well as dyslipidemia (PR 0.06; 95% CI 0.02-0.51/PR 0.03; 95% CI 0.01-0.27), diabetes (PR 0.05; 95% CI 0.01-0.45/PR 0.02; 95% CI 0.01-021), and hypertension (PR 0.06; 95% CI 0.02-0.50/PR 0.02; 95% CI 0.01-0.21). A greater adherence to the "Healthy" pattern was associated with lower values to cardiometabolic risk markers and less occurrence of chronic diseases, while the "Traditional" pattern presented contradictory results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juliana Farias de Novaes
- PhD, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Nínive de Almeida Reis
- MSc, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Larissa Pereira Lourenço
- Undergraduate Student, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Helena Moretto Capobiango
- Undergraduate Student, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sarah Aparecida Vieira
- PhD, Department of Integrated Education in Health, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Espírito Santo, Brazil
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