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Apolipoprotein E ε4 Polymorphism as a Risk Factor for Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:1407183. [PMID: 35154509 PMCID: PMC8831053 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1407183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Rising studies indicate that the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene is related to the susceptibility of ischemic stroke (IS). However, certain consensus is limited by the lack of a large sample size of researches. This meta-analysis was performed to explore the potential association between the APOE gene and IS. Methods To identify relevant case control studies in English publications by October 2020, we searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with fixed- or random-effect models and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to analyze potential associations. Results A total of 55 researches from 32 countries containing 12207 IS cases and 27742 controls were included. The association between APOE gene ε4 mutation and IS was confirmed (ε4 vs. ε3 allele: pooled OR = 1.374, 95% CI, 1.214-1.556; ε2/ε4 vs. ε3/ε3: pooled OR = 1.233, 95% CI, 1.056-1.440; ε3/ε4 vs. ε3/ε3: pooled OR = 1.340, 95% CI, 1.165-1.542; ε4/ε4 vs. ε3/ε3: pooled OR = 1.833, 95% CI, 1.542-2.179; and APOE ε4 carriers vs. non-ε4 carriers: pooled OR = 1.377; 95% CI, 1.203-1.576). Interestingly, APOE ε4 mutation showed a dose-response correlation with IS risk (ε4/ε4 vs. ε2/ε4: pooled OR = 1.625; 95% CI, 1.281-2.060; ε4/ε4 vs. ε3/ε4: pooled OR = 1.301; 95% CI, 1.077-1.571). Similar conclusions were drawn in the small artery disease (SAD) subtype, but not in large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) or in cardioaortic embolism (CE), by subgroup analysis. Conclusions These observations reveal that specific APOE ε4 mutation was significantly associated with the risk of IS in a dose-dependent manner, while APOE ε4 mutation was related to SAD subtype onset without a cumulative effect.
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Kumar A, Kumar P, Prasad M, Misra S, Kishor Pandit A, Chakravarty K. Association between Apolipoprotein ε4 Gene Polymorphism and Risk of Ischemic Stroke: A Meta-Analysis. Ann Neurosci 2016; 23:113-21. [PMID: 27647962 DOI: 10.1159/000443568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies examining the association of apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene polymorphism with the risk of ischemic stroke (IS) have yielded conflicting results. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to investigate the association between APOE ε4 gene polymorphism and risk of IS. SUMMARY A literature search for genetic association studies published before May 30, 2015, was conducted in the PubMed, EMBASE and Google Scholar databases. The following search terms were used: (apolipoprotein E) or (APOE) and (ε4) and (polymorphism) or (polymorphisms) and ('ischemic stroke' or 'IS') and ('cerebral infarction' or 'CI') and ('genetic polymorphism' or 'single nucleotide polymorphisms' or 'SNP'). ORs and 95% CIs were used to calculate the strength of association. Begg's funnel plot was used to assess the potential for publication bias. In our meta-analysis, 26 case-control studies involving 6,397 IS cases and 19,053 controls were included. Overall significant association between carrier of ε4 allele and risk of IS was observed (OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.10-1.85, p = 0.007). In the subgroup analysis based on ethnicity, a significant association between Apo ε4 carrier and risk of IS was observed in Asian studies (OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.04-2.25, p = 0.031) whereas borderline significant association between APO ε4 carrier and risk of IS was observed in Caucasian studies (OR 1.36, 95% CI 0.95-1.93, p = 0.093). KEY MESSAGES Our meta-analysis suggests that APOE ε4 allele is associated with higher risk of IS in Asian population as compared to Caucasian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Manya Prasad
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shubham Misra
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Awadh Kishor Pandit
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Kamalesh Chakravarty
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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CIBEIRA GABRIELAHERRMANN, GIACOMAZZI JULIANA, AGUIAR ERNESTINA, SCHNEIDER SILVANA, ETTRICH BETINA, DE SOUZA CAROLINEISOPPO, CAMEY SUZI, CALEFFI MAIRA, WEBER BERNARDETE, ASHTON-PROLLA PATRICIA, MORIGUCHI EMILIOHIDEYUKI. Apolipoprotein E genetic polymorphism, serum lipoprotein levels and breast cancer risk: A case-control study. Mol Clin Oncol 2014; 2:1009-1015. [PMID: 25279190 PMCID: PMC4179805 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2014.369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between apolipoprotein E (APOE) allelic frequency, serum lipoproteins and breast cancer (BC). We conducted a nested case-control study within a cohort including 47 cases and 165 controls. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses of the APOE polymorphism were performed. In general, participants with the genotype including alleles e2 and e3 tended to have lower serum triglycerides, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels compared to participants homozygous for the e3 allele and participants heterozygous for the e3 and e4 alleles, respectively. BC patients exhibited higher mean levels of total serum cholesterol (P=0.070), dietary fat intake (P=0.020) and dietary cholesterol intake (P=0.017) compared to control subjects. The allelic distribution between the two groups revealed that the presence of the e2 allele was positively associated with the absence of BC, whereas the e4 allele was positively associated with the BC case group (P=0.019). The distribution of the APOE genotypes was not significantly different between cases and controls (P=0.172). The concomitant presence of the e2 and e4 alleles was positively associated with the absence of BC and e4/e4 homozygosity was positively associated with BC (P=0.021). Our findings suggested that APOE polymorphism plays an important role in the development of BC, particularly when associated with higher serum triglyceride levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- GABRIELA HERRMANN CIBEIRA
- Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - JULIANA GIACOMAZZI
- Post-Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, HCPA/UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Laboratory of Genomic Medicine, Experimental Research Center/Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - ERNESTINA AGUIAR
- Laboratory of Genomic Medicine, Experimental Research Center/Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - SILVANA SCHNEIDER
- Laboratory of Genomic Medicine, Experimental Research Center/Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - BETINA ETTRICH
- Post-Graduate Program in Medicine: Medical Sciences, UFRGS/HCPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - SUZI CAMEY
- Post-Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Department of Statistics, Institute of Mathematics, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - MAIRA CALEFFI
- Coorte Núcleo Mama Porto Alegre, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - PATRICIA ASHTON-PROLLA
- Laboratory of Genomic Medicine, Experimental Research Center/Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Medicine: Medical Sciences, UFRGS/HCPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - EMILIO HIDEYUKI MORIGUCHI
- Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Coorte Núcleo Mama Porto Alegre, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Debette
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA 02118-2526, USA
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Djoussé L, Himali JJ, Beiser A, Kelly-Hayes M, Wolf PA. Apolipoprotein e, alcohol consumption, and risk of ischemic stroke: the Framingham Heart Study revisited. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2009; 18:384-8. [PMID: 19717024 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2009.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2008] [Revised: 01/13/2009] [Accepted: 01/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data on the association between alcohol consumption and ischemic stroke have been inconsistent. It is not known whether allele epsilon(4) of the apolipoprotein E (apoE) gene modifies the alcohol-stroke association. We sought to examine whether epsilon(4) allele of the apoE gene influences the association between alcohol consumption and ischemic stroke or high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. METHODS We examined a cohort of 7676 person-observations of the Framingham Heart Study. Incident stroke was ascertained by standardized methods. We used Cox proportional hazard model to estimate hazard ratios of ischemic stroke. RESULTS The average age at baseline was 63 years and 55% of the participants were women. During a mean follow-up of 7.4 years, 222 new cases of ischemic stroke occurred (56 embolic and 166 atherothrombotic events). Comparing current drinkers with nondrinkers, multivariable adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) for ischemic stroke was 0.50 (0.24-1.07) in the absence of epsilon(4) allele and 0.70 (0.24-2.05) in the presence of epsilon(4) allele (P for interaction = .64) for those younger than 65 years. Similarly, we did not observe a statistically significant interaction between epsilon(4) allele and alcohol consumption on the risk of stroke among people aged 65 years and older (P for interaction = .17). Alcohol consumption was positively associated with HDL cholesterol independent of epsilon(4) allele and age. CONCLUSIONS Our data do not provide evidence for an interaction between epsilon(4) allele and alcohol consumption on the risk of ischemic stroke in this population. Furthermore, apoE polymorphism did not influence the alcohol-HDL relation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luc Djoussé
- Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02120, USA.
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Ferreira CN, Carvalho MG, Fernandes APSM, Lima LM, Loures-Valle AA, Dantas J, Janka Z, Palotás A, Sousa MO. Comparative study of apolipoprotein-E polymorphism and plasma lipid levels in dyslipidemic and asymptomatic subjects, and their implication in cardio/cerebro-vascular disorders. Neurochem Int 2009; 56:177-82. [PMID: 19819279 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2009.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2009] [Revised: 09/29/2009] [Accepted: 09/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Polymorphisms in the apolipoprotein-E (apoE) gene may modulate lipoprotein metabolism at different steps and influence total and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (LDLc) levels, as well as other lipid features. Population studies have documented significant differences in the frequency of apoE alleles which are related to the prevalence of various cardio-vascular and neuro-psychiatric diseases. In this study, the apoE genotypes and allele frequencies were analyzed in 216 individuals (109 dyslipidemic and 107 normo-lipidic subjects), and the relative contribution of apoE polymorphism on plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels, as well as risk factors was evaluated. In normo-lipidic volunteers, the frequencies of epsilon2, epsilon3 and epsilon4 alleles were 0.042, 0.832 and 0.126, while in dyslipidemic subjects 0.046, 0.835 and 0.119, respectively. No significant difference was observed among epsilon2, epsilon3 or epsilon4 and plasma lipid-lipoprotein levels in the dyslipidemic group. In normo-lipidemics, however, total cholesterol, LDLc and non-HDLc plasma levels were significantly lower in epsilon2 subjects when compared to epsilon3 and epsilon4 individuals. The allelic frequencies of apoE epsilon2, epsilon3 and epsilon4 were similar in dyslipidemic and normo-lipemic subjects, suggesting that apoE polymorphisms have no effect on plasma lipid-lipoprotein levels in dyslipidemic subjects. In contrast, in normo-lipemic subjects the epsilon2 allele showed to be associated with lower total cholesterol and LDLc levels, the mark of a better lipid profile. Depending on other co-existing factors, the epsilon2 allele, therefore, may play either a protective or pathogenic role. This elementary knowledge is a fundamental prerequisite for a possible diagnostic application of these lipoproteins as biomarkers to predict adverse cardio-vascular and/or neuro-psychiatric maladies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia N Ferreira
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Bersano A, Ballabio E, Bresolin N, Candelise L. Genetic polymorphisms for the study of multifactorial stroke. Hum Mutat 2008; 29:776-95. [PMID: 18421701 DOI: 10.1002/humu.20666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Single-gene disorders explain only a minority of stroke cases. Stroke represents a complex trait, which is usually assumed to be polygenic. On this topic, the role of a wide number of candidate genes has been investigated in stroke through association studies, with controversial results. Therefore, it is difficult for the clinician to establish the validity and the level of clinical applicability of the previously reported associations between genetic factors and stroke. This review is an update and an extensive analysis of the more recent association studies conducted in stroke. We evaluated a number of studies on several candidate genes (including F5, F2, FGA/FGB/FGG, F7, F13A1, vWF, F12, SERPINE1, ITGB3/PLA1/PLA2/ITGA2B, ITGA2, GP1BA, ACE, AGT, NOS3, APOE, LPL, PON1, PDE4D, ALOX5AP, MTHFR, MTR, and CBS), providing a final panel of genes and molecular variants. We categorized this panel in relation to the degree of association with stroke, supported by the results of meta-analyses and case-control studies. Our findings could represent a useful tool to address further molecular investigations and to realize more detailed meta-analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bersano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Neurologiche, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Mangiagalli e Regina Elena, Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
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Saidi S, Slamia LB, Ammou SB, Mahjoub T, Almawi WY. Association of apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism with ischemic stroke involving large-vessel disease and its relation to serum lipid levels. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2007; 16:160-6. [PMID: 17689412 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2007.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2007] [Revised: 03/14/2007] [Accepted: 03/14/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A relationship between apolipoprotein E (Apo E) genotype and stroke was previously suggested, but with inconsistent results. We investigated the relationships among serum lipid levels, Apo E alleles and genotypes, and stroke risk factors in 216 stroke patients and 282 age- and sex-matched controls. Fasting blood samples were collected for total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglyceride level determination and for genomic DNA extraction. Apo was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (Cfo I) analysis. Increasing levels of total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, and triglycerides were associated with elevated stroke risk and was more pronounced in Apo E4-carrying subjects than in E3- and/or E2-carrying subjects. Apo 3 was significantly lower (0.546 vs 0.736; P < .001), whereas Apo 4 was higher in the stroke patients (0.370 vs 0.181; P < .001); Apo 2 was present at low but comparable frequencies. The prevalence of E3/E3 was lower and that of E4-containing phenotypes (E3/E4 and homozygous E4/E4) was higher in the stroke patients. The prevalence of the E4-containing phenotypes were significantly higher in ischemic versus hemorrhagic (P < .001) and in small-vessel versus large-vessel stroke cases (P < .001), and was associated with increased need for statin drugs (P = .040). Logistic regression models, after adjusting for potentially confounding variables including lipid profile, age, and sex, showed an significant association of apo 4 genotype with risk of stroke (P = .033). Our findings indicate that Apo 4 is an independent risk factor associated with an altered lipid profile in this study population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarra Saidi
- Research Unit of Hematologic and Autoimmune Diseases, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
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Guerzoni AR, Pavarino-Bertelli ÉC, de Godoy MF, Graça CR, Biselli PM, Souza DRS, Bertollo EMG. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphism and its association with coronary artery disease. SAO PAULO MED J 2007; 125:4-8. [PMID: 17505678 PMCID: PMC11014703 DOI: 10.1590/s1516-31802007000100002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2006] [Revised: 02/12/2005] [Accepted: 12/15/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE Obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) is characterized by the deposition of atherosclerotic plaque on the coronary artery wall. Its manifestations depend on interactions between environmental and genetic risk factors. The aim of this work was to analyze the frequency of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism in patients with CAD and its association with plasma homocysteine levels. Risk factors for CAD were also evaluated. DESIGN AND SETTING Retrospective with blind quantitative analysis, at Hospital de Base, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto. METHODS One hundred and twenty-seven individuals were studied. All completed a questionnaire to analyze risk factors for CAD. MTHFR polymorphism was investigated by restriction fragment length analysis and correlated with the number of affected arteries and degree of arterial obstruction determined by coronary cineangiography, and with plasma homocysteine levels measured by liquid chromatography/sequential mass spectrometry. RESULTS Smoking (p = 0.02) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p = 0.01) were associated with CAD. The C allele was the most prevalent in patients (0.61) and controls (0.66). There was no correlation between MTHFR/C677T polymorphism and plasma homocysteine levels. However, in patients with the TT genotype there was a correlation with the prevalence of coronary obstruction greater than 95% (p = 0.02) and the presence of two affected arteries (p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS The TT genotype is associated with coronary artery obstruction greater than 95% and the presence of two affected arteries. This confirms the relationship between genetic variants in specific patient subgroups and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Eny Maria Goloni Bertollo
- Eny Maria Goloni Bertollo Av. Brigadeiro Faria Lima, 5.416 — São Pedro São José do Rio Preto (SP) — Brasil CEP 15090-000 Tel. (+55 17) 3201-5720 E-mail:
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Kang SY, Lee WI. Apolipoprotein E Polymorphism in Ischemic Stroke Patients with Different Pathogenetic Origins. Ann Lab Med 2006; 26:210-6. [DOI: 10.3343/kjlm.2006.26.3.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- So-Young Kang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo-In Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Gromadzka G, Barańska-Gieruszczak M, Ciesielska A, Sarzyńska-Dlugosz I, Członkowska A. APOE genotype and serum cholesterol in predicting risk for early death from ischemic stroke in men and women. Cerebrovasc Dis 2005; 20:291-8. [PMID: 16131797 DOI: 10.1159/000087927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2004] [Accepted: 06/07/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We recently discovered that APOE epsilon3/epsilon4 genotype in men and APOE epsilon2/epsilon3 genotype in women are associated with increased risk of death from ischemic stroke (IS). One of the main physiological roles of apolipoprotein E is participation in cholesterol metabolism. A significant association of low serum cholesterol level with increased risk of death from stroke was documented. So, we aimed to establish if an association exists between APOE genotype, serum cholesterol and 1-month mortality in IS. METHODS We studied 666 patients (330 men, 336 women) with a diagnosis of IS. Total serum cholesterol (TC) was measured with the method of Abbott Spectrum (USA). APOE genotyping was performed by PCR-RFLP method. RESULTS The highest frequency of low serum TC was associated with APOE epsilon2/epsilon3 genotype (both in men and in women). Low serum TC was associated with increased mortality rate only in women; this effect was evident only in females not possessing APOE epsilon2/epsilon3. Female patients with APOE epsilon2/epsilon3 genotype had high 1-month mortality rate independently from serum TC. In multiple regression analyses APOE epsilon3/epsilon4 genotype in men and APOE epsilon2/epsilon3 genotype in women predicted risk of death independently from serum TC and also from other potential pre- and post-stroke prognostic factors. CONCLUSION APOE epsilon3/epsilon4 genotype in men and APOE epsilon2/epsilon3 in women are associated with increased 30-day mortality in stroke. This effect seems be independent from serum cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazyna Gromadzka
- Second Department of Neurology, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland.
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Apolipoprotein e gene polymorphism as a risk factor for ischemic cerebrovascular disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.2298/jmh0403255s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The possible association of apolipoprotein E (apoE) DNA polymorphism with ischemic cerebrovascular disease was evaluated in 65 patients who had suffered completed stroke or transient ischemic attack and 330 healthy controls. ApoE genotypes were determined by restriction isotyping/MADGE analysis. Significant difference in apoE genotype frequencies between case and control group was observed (p<0.01). Patients affected by ischemic stroke had higher frequency of E4 allele and lower E2 allele than age-matched control subjects. Compared with persons without E4 allele, carriers of an E4 allele had 2.1 times higher risk of incident stroke. Our results indicate that the apoE gene polymorphism may be a risk factor for the development of ischemic cerebrovascular disease in Serbian population..
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