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Quantitative evaluation of callosal abnormalities in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis using diffusion tensor imaging: A systemic review and meta-analysis. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2021; 201:106442. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2020.106442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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2
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Forbes K. MRI brain white matter change: spectrum of change - how we can grade? J R Coll Physicians Edinb 2019; 48:257-263. [PMID: 29465106 DOI: 10.4997/jrcpe.2017.313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging has become a widely used clinical tool for the assessment of neurologic symptoms, as well as being increasingly used in neuroscience research. White matter hyperintensities are common findings on brain imaging and their discovery leads to questions about best management, especially when findings are incidental or not considered relevant to the patient's presentation. This review will discuss the varied causes of white matter hyperintensities, consider how best to distinguish between them radiologically, and when they might have potential clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Forbes
- K Forbes, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, 1345 Govan Road, Glasgow G51 4TF, UK.
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3
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Gratsias G, Kapsalaki E, Kogia S, Dardiotis E, Tsimourtou V, Lavdas E, Kousi E, Pelekanou A, Hadjigeorgiou GM, Fezoulidis I. A quantitative evaluation of damage in normal appearing white matter in patients with multiple sclerosis using diffusion tensor MR imaging at 3 T. Acta Neurol Belg 2015; 115:111-6. [PMID: 25073775 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-014-0338-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The white matter (WM) of the brain is damaged in multiple sclerosis (MS), even in areas that appear normal on standard MR imaging. The purpose of our study is to evaluate the damage of normal appearing white matter (NAWM) in patients with MS. In our study, 84 MS patients and 42 healthy adults underwent a routine brain MRI, including also diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). All studies were performed on a 3 T MRI scanner. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were obtained. The DTI parameters of NAWM were correlated with expanded disability status scales (EDSS) scores. Our results showed statistically significant differences in FA and ADC values between MS plaques and the symmetrical NAWM, as also between NAWM and the respective white matter in controls. The ADC values of the NAWM correlated with the EDSS scores. The present study demonstrated damage of the NAWM in MS patients, using DTI in 3.0 T. DTI may be used in the detection of subtle damage of the white matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Gratsias
- Department of Radiology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Thessaly, Greece,
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Diffusion tensor imaging for characterizing white matter changes in multiple sclerosis. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrnm.2014.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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5
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Diffusion-weighted imaging and demyelinating diseases: new aspects of an old advanced sequence. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2014; 202:W34-42. [PMID: 24370163 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.13.11400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this article is to discuss classic applications in diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in demyelinating disease and progression of DWI in the near future. CONCLUSION DWI is an advanced technique used in the follow-up of demyelinating disease patients, focusing on the diagnosis of a new lesion before contrast enhancement. With technical advances, diffusion-tensor imaging; new postprocessing techniques, such as tract-based spatial statistics; new ways of calculating diffusion, such as kurtosis; and new applications for DWI and its spectrum are about to arise.
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6
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Genova HM, DeLuca J, Chiaravalloti N, Wylie G. The relationship between executive functioning, processing speed, and white matter integrity in multiple sclerosis. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2013; 35:631-41. [PMID: 23777468 DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2013.806649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The primary purpose of the current study was to examine the relationship between performance on executive tasks and white matter integrity, assessed by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in multiple sclerosis (MS). A second aim was to examine how processing speed affects the relationship between executive functioning and fractional anisotropy (FA). This relationship was examined in two executive tasks that rely heavily on processing speed: the Color-Word Interference Test and the Trail Making Test (Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System). It was hypothesized that reduced FA is related to poor performance on executive tasks in MS, but that this relationship would be affected by the statistical correction of processing speed from the executive tasks. A total of 15 healthy controls and 25 persons with MS participated. Regression analyses were used to examine the relationship between executive functioning and FA, both before and after processing speed was removed from the executive scores. Before processing speed was removed from the executive scores, reduced FA was associated with poor performance on the Color-Word Interference Test and Trail Making Test in a diffuse network including corpus callosum and superior longitudinal fasciculus. However, once processing speed was removed, the relationship between executive functions and FA was no longer significant on the Trail Making Test, and significantly reduced and more localized on the Color-Word Interference Test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen M Genova
- Neuropsychology & Neuroscience Laboratory, Kessler Foundation Research Center, West Orange, NJ 07052, USA.
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Testaverde L, Caporali L, Venditti E, Grillea G, Colonnese C. Diffusion tensor imaging applications in multiple sclerosis patients using 3T magnetic resonance: a preliminary study. Eur Radiol 2011; 22:990-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s00330-011-2342-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2011] [Accepted: 11/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Rueda-Lopes FC, Doring TM, Gasparetto EL. Advanced magnetic resonance imaging techniques in the evaluation of pediatric white matter diseases. Top Magn Reson Imaging 2011; 22:251-8. [PMID: 24562094 DOI: 10.1097/rmr.0b013e3182972aa1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This article aimed to describe the technical principles and clinical application of advanced magnetic resonance imaging techniques for the assessment of white matter diseases. The following techniques are going to be discussed: magnetization transfer, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, diffusion-weighted imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, as well as perfusion and postprocessing techniques such as tract-based spatial statistics. These techniques allow a better understanding of the physiopathology of the white matter diseases as well as have a significant impact on the definition of the differential diagnosis and treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Cristina Rueda-Lopes
- From the Department of Radiology (Neuroradiology), University Federal of Rio de Janeiro and CDPI-Clínica de Diagnóstico por Imagem/DASA, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Maia ACM, Guedes BVS, Lucas A, da Rocha AJ. Diffusion MR imaging for monitoring treatment response. Neuroimaging Clin N Am 2011; 21:153-78, viii-ix. [PMID: 21477756 DOI: 10.1016/j.nic.2011.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this article was to emphasize the use of diffusion-weighted imaging in the diagnosis and follow-up of several major disease contexts, as established in recent literature. In some of these diseases the diffusion changes are correlated with the clinical deficit and are potentially useful for early diagnosis and longitudinal evaluation, as well as in the context of pharmacologic trials. Diffusion magnetic resonance is a major advance in the continuing evolution of MR imaging. It provides contrasts and characterization between tissues at a cellular level that may imply differences in function as well as framework and have contributed to a better understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of several diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Carlos Martins Maia
- Section of Neuroradiology, Centro de Medicina Diagnostica Fleury and Santa Casa de Misericordia de São Paulo, R. Cincinato Braga 282, Paraíso, São Paulo, SP, CEP 01333-910, Brazil.
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He D, Wu Q, Chen X, Zhao D, Gong Q, Zhou H. Cognitive impairment and whole brain diffusion in patients with neuromyelitis optica after acute relapse. Brain Cogn 2011; 77:80-8. [PMID: 21723024 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2011.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2010] [Revised: 05/23/2011] [Accepted: 05/27/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study investigated cognitive impairments and their correlations with fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) in patients with neuromyelitis optica (NMO) without visible lesions on conventional brain MRI during acute relapse. Twenty one patients with NMO and 21 normal control subjects received several cognitive tests to assess cognitive function. Head diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of all patients with NMO were collected with a 3-T MR system. Correlations of cognitive test scores and whole brain FA and MD were examined by voxel-based analysis. Region-of-interest analysis was applied to the significantly correlated regions which the most frequently appeared. We found that NMO patients without visible brain lesions had significantly impaired learning and memory, decreased information processing speed, and damaged attention compared with normal control subjects. These impaired cognitive domains were significantly correlated with FA and MD in local regions of corpus callosum, anterior cingulate and medial frontal cortex. In corpus callosum of NMO patients, mean FA was significantly lower and mean MD higher than normal control subjects. Our findings suggest that cognitive impairments in learning and memory, information processing speed and attention occur in NMO patients without visible brain lesions during acute relapse. The impairments in immediate and short-term memory in NMO patients may be due to information encoding deficits in the process of information acquisition. The corpus callosum of such patients may have local microscopic damages that play a role in cognitive impairments during acute relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian He
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
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Hygino da Cruz LC, Batista RR, Domingues RC, Barkhof F. Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Multiple Sclerosis. Neuroimaging Clin N Am 2011; 21:71-88, vii-viii. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nic.2011.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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12
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de Carvalho Rangel C, Hygino Cruz LC, Takayassu TC, Gasparetto EL, Domingues RC. Diffusion MR Imaging in Central Nervous System. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2011; 19:23-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mric.2010.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Kleffner I, Deppe M, Mohammadi S, Schwindt W, Sommer J, Young P, Ringelstein E. Neuroimaging in Susac's syndrome: Focus on DTI. J Neurol Sci 2010; 299:92-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2010.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2010] [Revised: 08/23/2010] [Accepted: 08/23/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Sigal T, Shmuel M, Mark D, Gil H, Anat A. Diffusion Tensor Imaging of Corpus Callosum Integrity in Multiple Sclerosis: Correlation with Disease Variables. J Neuroimaging 2010; 22:33-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1552-6569.2010.00556.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Lin F, Yu C, Liu Y, Li K, Lei H. Diffusion tensor group tractography of the corpus callosum in clinically isolated syndrome. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2010; 32:92-8. [PMID: 20966062 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a2273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Many studies have observed atrophy and abnormal diffusion within the CC in MS. However, few studies have addressed whether such abnormalities appear at the earliest stage of MS, especially in CIS. In this study, we aimed to investigate the CC integrity and patterns of CC abnormalities in CIS with diffusion tensor group tractography. MATERIALS AND METHODS First, probability maps of the entire CC and its subregions (genu, body, and splenium) were created from 19 healthy subjects. Then these probability maps were used to evaluate diffusion within the entire CC and its segments in 19 patients with CIS. Five indices, including the midsagittal CC area, FA, MD, λ(1), and λ(23), were used to characterize CC integrity. RESULTS Significant differences were found between patients with CIS and healthy controls in the entire CC and its segments. For the entire CC, patients with CIS had a significantly lower midsagittal CC area and FA, higher MD and λ(23), with a trend toward higher λ(1). These 4 diffusion measures were correlated with T2 lesion volume. Moreover, abnormal white matter integrity was present in subregions of the CC; there was a robust significant increase in λ(23) in the body and splenium and no difference in λ(1) in the genu. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that atrophy and abnormal diffusion inside the CC appear at the stage of CIS and the severity of damage in the genu is milder than that in the body and splenium.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
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Ridwan R, Kiptoo P, Kobayashi N, Weir S, Hughes M, Williams T, Soegianto R, Siahaan TJ. Antigen-specific suppression of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by a novel bifunctional peptide inhibitor: structure optimization and pharmacokinetics. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2009; 332:1136-45. [PMID: 20026673 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.109.161109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to optimize the in vivo activity of proteolipid protein (PLP)-bifunctional peptide inhibitor (BPI) molecule to suppress experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in SJL/J mice and evaluate pharmacokinetic profiles of PLP-BPI. PLP-BPI is constructed via conjugation of myelin PLP(139-151) with CD11a(237-246)-derived peptide (LABL) via a spacer. The hypothesis is that PLP-BPI binds simultaneously to major histocompatibility complex-II and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 on the antigen-presenting cell (APC) and inhibits the formation of the immunological synapse during T-cell and APC interactions. In this study, the structure of BPI was modified by varying the spacer and was evaluated in the EAE model. Intravenous injections of BPI derivatives inhibited the onset, severity, and incidence of EAE more effectively and induced a lower incidence of anaphylaxis than that produced by unmodified PLP-BPI. As anticipated, production of interleukin-17, a proinflammatory cytokine commonly found in elevated levels among multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, was significantly lower in Ac-PLP-BPI-PEG6- or Ac-PLP-BPI-NH(2)-2-treated mice than in phosphate-buffered saline-treated mice. These results suggest that BPI-type molecules can be modified to achieve more efficient and better tolerated BPI-based derivatives for the treatment of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahmawati Ridwan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Simons Research Laboratories, 2095 Constant Avenue, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
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Vishwas MS, Chitnis T, Pienaar R, Healy BC, Grant PE. Tract-based analysis of callosal, projection, and association pathways in pediatric patients with multiple sclerosis: a preliminary study. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2009; 31:121-8. [PMID: 19850763 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a1776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Region-of-interest (ROI) and tract-based diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) analyses have detected increased apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) and decreased fractional anisotropy (FA) in callosal and projection systems of adult patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). We explored whether similar changes occur in pediatric patients with MS, assessing 3 major white matter pathways (interhemispheric, projection, and intrahemispheric) in both visibly involved and normal-appearing white matter (NAWM). MATERIALS AND METHODS DTI datasets from 10 patients with established pediatric MS and 10 age- sex-, and imaging technique-matched controls were analyzed. Tracts were reconstructed by using a fiber assignment by continuous tracking algorithm with a diffusion-weighted imaging mask and a 35 degrees angular threshold. Tracts were selected by using standard ROI placements on color FA maps cross-referenced to b = 0 T2-weighted images for studying white matter pathways. Ten identical ROIs were placed in NAWM on b = 0 T2-weighted images to ensure that both ROIs and resulting tracts passed through NAWM. RESULTS In pediatric MS, all tracts had higher mean ADC values (P = .002 to P < .04) and lower mean FA (P = .009 to P < .02) than those in healthy controls. Even when the tracts were confined to NAWM, the mean ADC was higher (P < .004 to P < .05) and the mean FA was lower (P = .002 to P < .02). T2 lesion burden correlated with tract-based mean ADC. ROI mean ADC increased, and both tract and ROI mean FA decreased with increasing T2 lesion burden, however with a statistically nonsignificant correlation. CONCLUSIONS Increased mean ADC and decreased mean FA occur in all 3 major white matter pathways, both in visibly involved white matter and NAWM in pediatric MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Vishwas
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, USA
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