Crianças com fissura isolada de palato: desempenho nos testes de processamento auditivo

Adolescents' Self-Perception about Auditory Behavior: Agreement with Parents and Central Auditory Processing Evaluation

Introduction  Central auditory processing disorder (CAPD) has been diagnosed through behavioral tests. Moreover, screening tools as validated questionnaires may contribute to identify individuals at risk for this disorder, including adolescents. Objective  (1) to characterize and compare adolescents' self-perception regarding their auditory behavior with their parents' perception; (2) to verify their agreement with behavioral evaluation of central auditory processing (CAP). Methods  Cross-sectional, prospective, and descriptive study, in which 40 adolescents and 40 parents of both genders participated. All participants answered the scale of auditory behaviors questionnaire, and the behavioral evaluation of CAP was conducted with the adolescents. Findings were analyzed descriptively and inferentially, with a significance level of 5% ( p ≤ 0.05) and application of the following tests: Test for equality of two proportions, Chi-squared, and Kappa concordance index. Results  Most adolescents rated their auditory behavior as "low risk" for CAPD while their parents rated it as "typical." When comparing adolescents' self-perception and parents' perception about the auditory behavior with the behavioral evaluation outcome, a statistically significant difference was observed only in adolescents' self-perception. The results of the behavioral evaluation indicated that 42.5% of the adolescents showed alterations. The concordance index between adolescents' self-perception and parents' perception of auditory behavior showed a significant (minimal) difference. Conclusion  Most adolescents were able to perceive difficulties regarding their auditory behavior and characterized it as "low risk" for CAPD, but the same did not occur regarding their parents. There was agreement only between the adolescents' self-perception and their performance in the behavioral evaluation of CAP.

Auditory and language skills in children with cleft lip and palate

OBJECTIVES

to investigate auditory and language skills in children with repaired cleft lip and palate.

METHODS

The sample was composed of 22 children registered at the hospital where the study was conducted, seven to nine years old, 50% being female, with repaired unilateral cleft lip and palate (right or left), without associated malformations. Auditory skills were assessed using four central auditory processing tests: Random Gap Detection Test, Dichotic Digit Test, Dichotic Non-Verbal Test, Sustained Auditory Attention Ability Test. Language performance was evaluated by four standardized instruments: Illinois Psycholinguistic Skills Test, Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, Token Test and Phonological Skills Profile. The association between auditory and language skills was evaluated by the Fisher exact test at a significance level of 5% (p<.05).

RESULTS

The central auditory processing tests evidenced that only one child presented adequate performance in all skills analysed, five children presented impaired performance in all skills, and 16 exhibited deteriorations in one to three auditory skills, highlighting that temporal resolution was the most impaired skill (81%). Concerning language, three children presented adequate performance in all tests applied, and Visual Association and Auditory Association were the most impaired skills (40%). No association was observed between deteriorations in auditory and language skills.

CONCLUSION

There was high occurrence of impairment of auditory skills, which compose the central auditory processing, as well as of language skills, with greatest impairment of receptive language.

Aspectos temporais auditivos: produção de conhecimento em quatro periódicos nacionais

TEMA: o presente artigo foi produzido com base na revisão de artigos publicados desde o ano 2005 em quatro periódicos nacionais importantes na área da Fonoaudiologia (Pró-Fono Revista de Atualização Científica, Revista Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia, Revista CEFAC e Revista Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia) a respeito dos aspectos temporais auditivos. Este estudo aponta para três temas abordados: Aspectos temporais, Ordenação temporal e Resolução temporal. OBJETIVO: delinear o perfil da produção de conhecimento na área de aspectos temporais auditivos tendo como referência quatro periódicos nacionais. CONCLUSÃO: o levantamento realizado nesta pesquisa permitiu verificar que existe um número reduzido de estudos nacionais relacionados ao tema sobre aspectos temporais auditivos. Considerando-se somente os quatro periódicos nacionais, menos de 9% das produções científicas abordaram essa temática.