1
|
Sehic A, Julardzija F, Bulja D, Jusufbegovic M, Konjo H, Sefo H, Zubovic S. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Evaluation of Biomechanical Effects of Axial Loading on the Lumbar Spine. Acta Inform Med 2022; 30:312-317. [PMID: 36467327 PMCID: PMC9665424 DOI: 10.5455/aim.2022.30.312-317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background MRI techniques of the lumbar spine have not provided data on the effect of gravity on the spine and on the relationship of anatomic structures during its action. Because conventional MRI examinations of the spine are usually performed in the supine position these are often exacerbated by standing upright and are not evident in the supine position the loading conditions differ from those known to cause symptoms in patients with lumbar instability. Axial loading imaging may improve diagnostics in the clinical management of LBP and lead to appropriate treatment decisions. Objective The aim of this study is to determine the significance of alMRI in detecting the morphologic changes of the lumbar spine caused by axial loading and to compare it with conventional MRI images of the lumbar spine without loading. Methods The study was conducted as a prospective, descriptive clinical trial. Imaging was performed with a MRI 1.5 T in the head-first supine position. Imaging was performed in two acts: without load and under load. Loading for alMRI was performed with the DynaWell L-Spine device. The onset of loading was 10 minutes before the start of alMRI. The loading continued throughout the imaging procedure. The height of the IV, AP and LL diameters of IV, IV disk surface area, DSCA and width of the IV foraminas before and under load was measured. Results After evaluating the changes in the height and size of the lumbar disks, the size of the DSCA, and the narrowing of the intervertebral foramina significant differences were found between the images before and after axial loading. Conclusion alMRI provides information on morphological changes of all segments of the lumbar spine. This data represents significant information that can lead to more accurate and effective treatment of LBP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Sehic
- Department of Radiology Technologies, Faculty of Health Studies, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Fuad Julardzija
- Department of Radiology Technologies, Faculty of Health Studies, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Deniz Bulja
- Department of Radiology Technologies, Faculty of Health Studies, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Neuroradiology department, Radiology clinic, Clinical center of Sarajevo University, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Merim Jusufbegovic
- Department of Radiology Technologies, Faculty of Health Studies, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Radiology clinic, Clinical center of Sarajevo University, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Hadzan Konjo
- Nursing department, Faculty of Health Studies, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Haso Sefo
- Nursing department, Faculty of Health Studies, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Clinic for Neurosurgery, Clinical Center of University in Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Sandra Zubovic
- Department of Radiology Technologies, Faculty of Health Studies, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Radiology clinic, Clinical center of Sarajevo University, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Meira KC, Magnago C, Mendonça AB, Duarte SFS, de Freitas PHO, dos Santos J, de Souza DLB, Simões TC. Inequalities in Temporal Effects on Cervical Cancer Mortality in States in Different Geographic Regions of Brazil: An Ecological Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:5591. [PMID: 35564986 PMCID: PMC9105639 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is a public health issue with high disease burden and mortality in Brazil. The objectives of the present study were, firstly, to analyze age, period, and cohort effects on cervical cancer mortality in women 20 years old or older from 1980 to 2019 in the North, South, and Southeast Regions of Brazil; and secondly, to evaluate whether the implementation of a national screening program and the expansion of access to public health services impacted the examined period and reduced the risk of death compared with previous years and among younger cohorts. The effects were estimated by applying Poisson regression models with estimable functions. The highest mortality rate per 100,000 women was found in Amazonas (24.13), and the lowest in São Paulo (10.56). A positive gradient was obtained for death rates as women's age increased. The states in the most developed regions (South and Southeast) showed a reduction in the risk of death in the period that followed the implementation of the screening program and in the cohort from the 1960s onwards. The North Region showed a decreased risk of death only in Amapá (2000-2004) and Tocantins (1995-2004; 2010-2019). The findings indicate that health inequities remain in Brazil and suggest that the health system has limitations in terms of decreasing mortality associated with this type of cancer in regions of lower socioeconomic development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karina Cardoso Meira
- Health School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Carinne Magnago
- School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil;
| | - Angelo Braga Mendonça
- Brazilian National Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro 20230-130, Brazil; (A.B.M.); (J.d.S.)
| | - Stephane Fernanda Soares Duarte
- Department of Demography and Actuarial Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil; (S.F.S.D.); (P.H.O.d.F.)
| | - Pedro Henrique Oliveira de Freitas
- Department of Demography and Actuarial Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil; (S.F.S.D.); (P.H.O.d.F.)
| | - Juliano dos Santos
- Brazilian National Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro 20230-130, Brazil; (A.B.M.); (J.d.S.)
| | | | - Taynãna César Simões
- René Rachou Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Belo Horizonte 30190-002, Brazil;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Macêdo PRDS, Fernandes SGG, Azevedo IG, Costa JV, Guedes DT, Câmara SMAD. Relationship between physical activity level and balance in middle-aged and older women. FISIOTERAPIA EM MOVIMENTO 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fm.2022.35126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Introduction: Physical exercise may improve motor skills, such as static standing balance. However, the association between physical activity level based on activities of daily living and static balance is unknown. Objective: To assess the association between the physical activity level and static balance in middle-aged and older women. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 589 community-dwelling women. Static balance was assessed using the single-leg stance test (SLST) with eyes open and closed. Physical activity level was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form and classified as high, moderate, or low. Kruskal-Wallis test compared balance performance between participants with different physical activity levels. Multiple quantile regression analyses assessed the association between variables adjusted for age, family income, educational level, body mass index, comorbidities, and parity. Results: Participants with low physical activity level showed worse SLST performance with eyes open and closed than participants with high physical activity level in the bivariate analysis. However, physical activity level and SLST performance were not associated in the analysis adjusted for covariates. Conclusion: Our results suggested that only being active in daily living activities is not associated with better standing balance in middle-aged and older women. Specific physical exercise programs should be implemented to improve balance in this population.
Collapse
|
4
|
Moreira MA, Vafaei A, da Câmara SMA, Nascimento RAD, de Morais MDSM, Almeida MDG, Maciel ÁCC. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and associated factors in middle-aged women: a cross-sectional study in Northeast Brazil. Women Health 2019; 60:601-617. [PMID: 31726939 DOI: 10.1080/03630242.2019.1688445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
We determined the prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and associated factors in 419 women (aged 40 to 65 years) in Northeast Brazil in a cross-sectional study conducted from April to November 2013. We defined MetS using the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) criteria. Socio-demographic variables, reproductive factors, lifestyle factors, anthropometrics, body composition, quality of life, and physical performance were assessed for their associations. We constructed multivariate Poisson regression models to estimate prevalence rate ratios (PRR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). We identified 275 (65.6%) cases of MetS. The three most prevalent indicators were obesity (73.5%), reduced high-density lipoprotein level (63.0%), and elevated blood pressure (60.9%). In the final adjusted model, black race (PR 1.30, 95% CI: 1.07-1.57), lower grip strength/body mass index (PR 1.31, 95% CI: 1.15-1.50), and low estradiol levels (PR 1.17, 95% CI: 1.00-1.35) were associated with MetS. MetS is a long-term threat to the health of middle-aged women and a potential public health burden. These results may help in developing health promotion strategies to prevent morbidity and mortality associated with MetS in this vulnerable population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mayle Andrade Moreira
- Department of Physiotherapy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte , Natal, Brazil
| | - Afshin Vafaei
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Carruthers Hall, Queen's University , Kingston, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
Frailty is a geriatric syndrome associated with adverse outcomes such as falls, disability, and mortality. Frailty is common and contributes to rising health care costs. Early screening and timely tailored intervention may effectively prevent or delay the adverse outcomes in older adults. Studies on frailty and its specific measurement tools are increasing in number, but the debate on the screening instruments remains. Currently, self-reported screening tools can identify frailty and predict the risk of adverse outcomes in older adults. Because they are easy to use and quickly provide information, self-reported frailty screening tools have significant implication in primary care settings and clinics. We reviewed the frailty screening instruments in older adults and proposed a two-step pathway for frailty identification, and to manage declines in intrinsic capacity as well as boost resilience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Ma
- Dr. Lina Ma, Department of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Szwarcwald CL, Damacena GN, de Souza Júnior PRB, de Almeida WDS, de Lima LTM, Malta DC, Stopa SR, Vieira MLFP, Pereira CA. Determinants of self-rated health and the influence of healthy behaviors: results from the National Health Survey, 2013. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE EPIDEMIOLOGIA 2017; 18 Suppl 2:33-44. [PMID: 27008601 DOI: 10.1590/1980-5497201500060004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the determinants of self-rated health in Brazil and the influence of healthy lifestyles. METHODS We used data from the National Health Survey (PNS), 2013. The self-rated health was categorized as very good/good, fair, and poor/very poor. Differences in the distribution of self-rated health according to the age group and sex were tested. Logistic regression models were used to test the effects of educational level, race/skin color, and the presence of at least one noncommunicable chronic disease on poor/very poor health perception. In addition, the influence of healthy behaviors was tested controlling for the effects of sociodemographic factors and the presence of at least one chronic disease. RESULTS We analyzed 60,202 individuals; about 66.1% rated their health as very good/good and 5.9% as poor/very poor; about 47.1% reported the diagnosis of at least one noncommunicable chronic disease; and only 9.3% reported a "healthy lifestyle" (do not use tobacco products, consume fruits and vegetables properly, and do physical activity during leisure time). Among the sociodemographic factors, age, sex, educational level, and race were significantly associated with self-rated health and the presence of at least one chronic disease. The effects of all healthy behaviors were statistically significant even after controlling for the other determinants. CONCLUSION Although the adoption of healthy lifestyles in Brazil is still insufficient, the association of healthy practices with self-perception of health found in this study is an indication that the Brazilian population is beginning to relate healthy behaviors to their well-being and better health evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Celia Landmann Szwarcwald
- Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Giseli Nogueira Damacena
- Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Wanessa da Silva de Almeida
- Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Deborah Carvalho Malta
- Departamento de Vigilância de Doenças e Agravos não Transmissíveis e Promoção da Saúde, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Sheila Rizzato Stopa
- Departamento de Vigilância de Doenças e Agravos não Transmissíveis e Promoção da Saúde, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lee JY, Ock M, Kim SH, Go DS, Kim HJ, Jo MW. Health-Adjusted Life Expectancy (HALE) in Korea: 2005-2011. J Korean Med Sci 2016; 31 Suppl 2:S139-S145. [PMID: 27775251 PMCID: PMC5081295 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2016.31.s2.s139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Health-Adjusted Life Expectancy (HALE) is a summary measurement that estimates the average number of years that a person at a given age can expect to live an equivalent of full health. HALE has not been previously reported at national or regional levels in Korea. This study aimed to measure HALE from 2005 to 2011 in Korea at both the national and regional levels as part of the Korean National Burden Study of 2012. To measure life expectancy (LE) and HALE, we used the life table method and an approach proposed by Sullivan. We used three main data sets to estimate HALE: probability of death, prevalence of disease, and disability weights. Overall, LE and HALE have increased from 2005 to 2011. For example, in 2011, LE and HALE at birth in males were 77.6 and 65.8 years, respectively, and 84.4 and 68.9 in females. It might be assumed that the overall health status of Korean population has been increasing. However, we confirmed that a gap between LE and HALE still exists. Additionally, we found out that there was a significant difference between LE and HALE among various sub-regions. This study is the first to measure HALE using our own database, including disability weight that reflected Korean preferences. Finally, the Korean government and society should make an effort to reduce the gap between LE and HALE and to reduce regional differences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Yong Lee
- Public Health Medical Service, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Health Policy and Management, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minsu Ock
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Hoon Kim
- Department of Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dun Sol Go
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Joo Kim
- Department of Nursing Science, Shinsung University, Dangjin, Korea
| | - Min Woo Jo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Xenouli G, Xenoulis K, Sarafis P, Niakas D, Alexopoulos EC. Validation of the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHO-DAS II) in Greek and its added value to the Short Form 36 (SF-36) in a sample of people with or without disabilities. Disabil Health J 2016; 9:518-23. [PMID: 26996759 DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2016.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is controversy and ongoing interest on the measurement of functionality in the personal and social level. OBJECTIVES (1) to validate the Greek version of the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHO DAS II) and (2) to determine its added value to the physical and psychological health subscales of the Short Form 36 (SF-36). METHODS In a cross-sectional design, data were collected between December 2014 and March 2015 by using three questionnaires (WHO DAS II, SF-36, PSS-14) in a sample of people with disabilities (n = 101) and without disabilities (n = 109) in Athens, Greece. WHO DAS II internal consistency, construct and criterion-related validity were assessed by Cronbach alpha, exploratory factor analysis and correlations; its added value by multivariable linear regression. RESULTS Cronbach Alpha's were satisfactory for the WHO DAS II, PSS-14 and SF-36 (0.85, 0.88 and 0.96 respectively). Exploratory factor analysis confirmed the existence of one or two factors in people with or without disabilities, respectively. WHO DAS II score showed significant negative correlation with the physical and mental health scale of SF-36 score, especially strong for physical health while was positively related to PSS-14 score. In multivariate analysis mental health appraisal was related to perceived stress in both groups. CONCLUSIONS This study support the validity of the Greek version of WHO DAS II and warranted its use in assessment and follow up of people with disabilities, contributing to the development of suitable policies to cover their needs and providing comparable data with other surveys using the same instrument.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Xenouli
- Hellenic Open University, Parodos Aristotelous 18, GR-26 335 Patra, Greece.
| | - Kostis Xenoulis
- Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Ilissia, GR- 15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Pavlos Sarafis
- Hellenic Open University, Parodos Aristotelous 18, GR-26 335 Patra, Greece
| | - Dimitris Niakas
- Hellenic Open University, Parodos Aristotelous 18, GR-26 335 Patra, Greece
| | | |
Collapse
|