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Magalhães AOD, Bezerra LM, Araújo DP, Lima BSGD, Assunção LDP, Menezes RC, Moura VMBDD. Avaliações histológica e imunoistoquímica da medula óssea do fêmur e do manúbrio esternal de cães reagentes para leishmaniose aos testes DPP® e ELISA. CIÊNCIA ANIMAL BRASILEIRA 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1809-6891v23e-73104p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo Como a medula óssea é um dos órgãos mais acometidos pela leishmaniose visceral canina (LVC), amostras desta são frequentemente colhidas para exames parasitológicos, sendo possível a ocorrência de alterações mielodisplásicas, com consequente anemia, leucopenia e trombocitopenia. Assim, este estudo teve como objetivo investigar alterações histológicas e imunoistoquímicas na medula óssea do fêmur e manúbrio esternal de cães reativos para leishmaniose aos testes DPP® e ELISA. Para isso, 13 caninos da rotina epidemiológica para LVC realizada pela Diretoria de Vigilância de Zoonoses de Goiânia (DVZ), GO, Brasil, foram submetidos ao exame anatomopatológico. 46,2% e 53,9% das amostras de medula óssea do fêmur e do manúbrio esternal apresentaram maior proporção da série vermelha, respectivamente. Além disso, havia variados graus de hiperplasia macrofágica, hemossiderose e emperipolese megacariocítica. Formas amastigotas de Leishmania spp. na medula óssea do fêmur e do manúbrio esternal às avaliações histopatológicas e imunoistoquímicas foram observadas, com boa concordância entre essas, mas sem diferença na intensidade parasitária entre a medula óssea desses sítios anatômicos. Conclui-se que a medula óssea do fêmur e do manúbrio esternal de cães reativos para leishmaniose aos testes DPP® e ELISA apresenta alterações histológicas decorrentes da doença, independente da presença ou intensidade do parasito, sendo hiperplasia de macrófagos, hemossiderose e emperipolese as principais alterações medulares nesses animais. Além disso, a medula óssea do fêmur e do manúbrio esternal compreendem sítios anatômicos úteis ao diagnóstico de LVC por métodos diretos.
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Oliveira MR, Neto MBO, Bezerra TL, da Silva WSI, da Paz WS, Dos Santos IG, Bezerra-Santos M, Lima VFS. Canine leishmaniasis in an endemic region, Northeastern Brazil: a comparative study with four groups of animals. Parasitol Res 2021; 120:3915-3923. [PMID: 34626235 PMCID: PMC8500819 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-021-07319-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Canine leishmaniasis (CanL) is a zoonosis caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania and remains an important public health concern in tropical areas. In Brazil, domestic dogs are considered the most relevant reservoir of the parasite and one of the main targets of the disease control actions. Considering this, we aimed herein to evaluate the CanL infection in different canine groups and distribution of cases in the state of Sergipe, an endemic region in Northeastern Brazil. The evaluated 467 animals were classified into four groups: hunting (n = 50), company (n = 64), guard (n = 140), and wandering (n = 213). Samples (blood, bone marrow, conjunctival swab, and lymph node aspirate) were collected from animals in nine municipalities of Sergipe. First, all animals were submitted to general and ophthalmic clinical examination. Next, they were tested serologically by TR-DPP®, and for the presence of Leishmania, amastigotes in samples of bone marrow, conjunctival swab, and lymph node aspirate were diagnosed by PCR and parasitological techniques. It was observed that 34.69% (162) of the evaluated dogs were seropositive. The highest rates of positivity were found in hunting 54% (27/50; OR = 3.52; p-value = 0.001) and guard dogs 42.14% (59/140; OR = 2.18; p-value = 0.01). Otherwise, the highest percentage of symptomatic dogs was observed in wandering animals (85%; OR = 9.63; p-value < 0.0001). The distribution of case analysis showed that the highest positivity rates occurred in inland municipalities situated in arid regions. Taken together, our data demonstrate that hunting and guard dogs are among the animals most exposed and affected by clinical manifestations of CanL, mainly in the inland municipalities of Sergipe State.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Resende Oliveira
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Sergipe, Rodovia Engenheiro Jorge Neto, Nossa Senhora da Glória, SE, Brazil
| | - Manuel Benicio Oliveira Neto
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Sergipe, Rodovia Engenheiro Jorge Neto, Nossa Senhora da Glória, SE, Brazil
| | - Taynar Lima Bezerra
- Department of Anatomy, Pathology and Clinics, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Weslania Souza Inacio da Silva
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Sergipe, Rodovia Engenheiro Jorge Neto, Nossa Senhora da Glória, SE, Brazil
| | | | - Igo Gonçalves Dos Santos
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Sergipe, Rodovia Engenheiro Jorge Neto, Nossa Senhora da Glória, SE, Brazil
| | - Márcio Bezerra-Santos
- Parasitic Biology Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
- Health Science Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, SE, Brazil
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Victor Fernando Santana Lima
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Sergipe, Rodovia Engenheiro Jorge Neto, Nossa Senhora da Glória, SE, Brazil.
- Parasitic Biology Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil.
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Magalhães FB, Castro Neto AL, Nascimento MB, Santos WJT, Medeiros ZM, Lima Neto AS, Costa DL, Costa CHN, dos Santos WLC, Pontes de Carvalho LC, Oliveira GGS, de Melo Neto OP. Evaluation of a new set of recombinant antigens for the serological diagnosis of human and canine visceral leishmaniasis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184867. [PMID: 28957332 PMCID: PMC5619722 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Current strategies for the control of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (VL) rely on its efficient diagnosis in both human and canine hosts. The most promising and cost effective approach is based on serologic assays with recombinant proteins. However, no single antigen has been found so far which can be effectively used to detect the disease in both dogs and humans. In previous works, we identified Leishmania infantum antigens with potential for the serodiagnosis of VL. Here, we aimed to expand the panel of the available antigens for VL diagnosis through another screening of a genomic expression library. Seven different protein-coding gene fragments were identified, five of which encoding proteins which have not been previously studied in Leishmania and rich in repetitive motifs. Poly-histidine tagged polypeptides were generated from six genes and evaluated for their potential for diagnosis of VL by ELISA (Enzyme Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay) with sera from infected humans and dogs. None of those was valid for the detection of human VL (26–52% sensitivity) although their performance was increased in the canine sera (48–91% sensitivity), with one polypeptide useful for the diagnosis of canine leishmaniasis. Next, we assayed a mixture of three antigens, found to be best for human or canine VL, among 13 identified through different screenings. This “Mix” resulted in similar levels of sensitivity for both human (84%) and canine (88%) sera. With improvements, this validates the use of multiple proteins, including antigens identified here, as components of a single system for the diagnosis of both forms of leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Artur L. Castro Neto
- Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz-Pernambuco), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Marilia B. Nascimento
- Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz-Pernambuco), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Wagner J. T. Santos
- Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz-Pernambuco), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Zulma M. Medeiros
- Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz-Pernambuco), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Dorcas L. Costa
- Instituto de Doenças Tropicais Natan Portella (IDTNP), Teresina, Piaui, Brazil
| | - Carlos H. N. Costa
- Instituto de Doenças Tropicais Natan Portella (IDTNP), Teresina, Piaui, Brazil
| | | | | | - Geraldo G. S. Oliveira
- Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz-Bahia), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Osvaldo P. de Melo Neto
- Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz-Pernambuco), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Martínez Abad LP, Almeida CS, Mattos AMM, Mendonça ACP, Alves MJM, Pinheiro AC, Porrozzi R, Abass E, Steinhoff U, Teixeira HC. Diagnostic accuracy of rKLO8 versus rK26 ELISAs for screening of canine visceral leishmaniasis. Acta Trop 2017; 166:133-138. [PMID: 27876645 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2016.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) represents an important public health issue. Despite numerous diagnostic tests available, CVL diagnosis still needs to be improved to achieve a more accurate detection rate. Recently, rKLO8, a new antigenic protein of Sudanese Leishmania donovani, was studied for the first time in diagnosis of human visceral leishmaniasis (HVL) and showed good performance. The present study aimed to evaluate serum reactivity to rKL08 and the reference antigen rK26, and to compare both diagnostic proteins with the combined DPP® CVL rapid test and ELISA (EIE-Bio-Manguinhos) confirmatory test, which are both recommended for the diagnosis of CVL in Brazil. Serum samples of dogs were grouped into: (I) DPP®/EIE negative (n=100) and (II) DPP®/EIE positive sera (n=100). Enhanced levels of IgG, mainly IgG2, to both rKLO8 and rK26 were found in group II. Sensitivity was 68% and 77% and specificity was 92% and 91%, for rKLO8 and rK26 antigens, respectively. Moreover, the combination of rKLO8 and rK26 antigens (rKLO8+rK26) exhibited higher sensitivity (85%) and specificity (93%). Thus, our results show that apart from the improved diagnostic power of rKLO8 in HVL, this new antigen is also suitable for the diagnosis of CVL. Further, the combination of rKLO8 and rK26 antigens increases the diagnostic accuracy of CVL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily P Martínez Abad
- Department of Parasitology, Microbiology and Immunology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Caroline S Almeida
- Department of Parasitology, Microbiology and Immunology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Márcia M Mattos
- Department of Parasitology, Microbiology and Immunology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina P Mendonça
- Department of Parasitology, Microbiology and Immunology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Márcio J M Alves
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Aimara C Pinheiro
- Zoonosis Control Center, Municipal Health Secretariat, Governador Valadares, MG, Brazil
| | - Renato Porrozzi
- Leishmaniasis Research Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elfadil Abass
- Department of Microbiology, Sudan International University, Khartoum and Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Ahfad University for Women, Omdurman, Sudan
| | - Ulrich Steinhoff
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Philipps University of Marburg, Germany
| | - Henrique C Teixeira
- Department of Parasitology, Microbiology and Immunology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
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Nunes JB, Laurenti MD, Kanamura HY, Pereira AAC, Colombo FA, Marques MJ. Leishmania infantum INFECTION IN DOGS FROM THE SOUTHERN REGION OF MINAS GERAIS STATE, BRAZIL. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2016; 58:75. [PMID: 27828616 PMCID: PMC5096629 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946201658075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Visceral leishmaniasis is a systemic and chronic disease and dogs are the main reservoir of the etiologic agent, Leishmania infantum (syn L. chagasi). A serological and molecular investigation of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) was performed in the municipality of Alfenas, located in the southern region of Minas Gerais, where the disease is not endemic. Samples from 87 dogs were submitted to serological tests including the Dual Path Platform (DPP(r) ) CVL Bio-Manguinhos rapid test, an in-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and an immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT), as well as molecular techniques such as a conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with the RV1/RV2 primers and a quantitative PCR (qPCR) with the LinJ31, Ldon and DNApol primers. Of the 87 serum samples, eight (9.2%) were positive for Leishmania using the DPP rapid test, but only four (4.6%) were confirmed by ELISA and two (2.3%) by IFAT. In these two serologically confirmed cases, spleen and liver samples were positive by all the employed molecular and parasitological procedures performed on spleen samples. When whole blood samples were used in the molecular assays, two samples (2.3%) were positive only by qPCR. DNA extracted and amplified from the spleens of seropositive dogs was sequenced, showing 100% of similarity with the Leishmania infantum (syn L. chagasi) sequence. Thus, the first cases of CVL have been confirmed in the Alfenas region, suggesting the importance of canine surveys in non-endemic municipalities for CVL to monitor disease progression and to prevent outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Barbosa Nunes
- Federal University of Alfenas, Institute of Biomedical Sciences. Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Fabio Antonio Colombo
- Federal University of Alfenas, Institute of Biomedical Sciences. Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Marcos José Marques
- Federal University of Alfenas, Institute of Biomedical Sciences. Alfenas, MG, Brazil
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Boechat VC, Mendes Junior AAV, Madeira MDF, Ferreira LC, Figueiredo FB, Rodrigues FDCDC, Oliveira VDC, de Oliveira RDVC, Menezes RC. Occurrence of Leishmania infantum and associated histological alterations in the genital tract and mammary glands of naturally infected dogs. Parasitol Res 2016; 115:2371-9. [PMID: 26979730 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-016-4987-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the occurrence of Leishmania infantum in the male and female genital tract and female mammary glands of dogs and the parasite burden and to identify histological alterations associated with this protozoan. Twenty male and 20 female Leishmania-seropositive dogs with isolation of L. infantum were examined. Tissue samples of the prepuce, glans, epididymis, testes, prostate, vulva, vagina, uterus, uterine tubes, and mammary glands were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and histopathology. For parasitological culture and in situ hybridization, samples were collected from the testis, epididymis, and uterus. Additionally, seminal fluid was aspirated from the epididymis for parasitological culture. In the genital tract, 34 (85 %) dogs, including 18 males and 16 females, were positive for Leishmania. Of these, 27 (79 %) animals were symptomatic. Leishmania was detected in the mammary glands of 13 (65 %) females. L. infantum was isolated for the first time from the seminal fluid and uterus of naturally infected dogs. The parasite burden and intensity of the inflammatory reaction were greater in the prepuce and glans of males and in the vulva and mammary glands of females. In addition to inflammation, testicular degeneration, atrophy, absence of spermatogenesis, and necrosis were observed. Detection of amastigote forms in the mammary gland lumen indicates possible elimination of this parasite in milk. The frequent parasitism observed in the genital tract of infected males and females and the viability of L. infantum in seminal fluid and uterus suggest the possibility of bidirectional venereal and vertical transmission.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cross-Sectional Studies
- Dog Diseases/diagnosis
- Dog Diseases/parasitology
- Dog Diseases/pathology
- Dogs
- Female
- Genitalia, Female/parasitology
- Genitalia, Female/pathology
- Genitalia, Male/parasitology
- Genitalia, Male/pathology
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry/veterinary
- Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical/veterinary
- Leishmania infantum/isolation & purification
- Leishmania infantum/physiology
- Leishmaniasis, Visceral/diagnosis
- Leishmaniasis, Visceral/parasitology
- Leishmaniasis, Visceral/pathology
- Leishmaniasis, Visceral/veterinary
- Male
- Mammary Glands, Animal/parasitology
- Mammary Glands, Animal/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Cardoso Boechat
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Dermatozoonoses em Animais Domésticos, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4365, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Artur Augusto Velho Mendes Junior
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Dermatozoonoses em Animais Domésticos, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4365, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Maria de Fátima Madeira
- Laboratório de Vigilância em Leishmanioses, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4365, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Luiz Claudio Ferreira
- Serviço de Anatomia Patológica, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4365, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Fabiano Borges Figueiredo
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Dermatozoonoses em Animais Domésticos, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4365, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brazil
| | | | - Valéria da Costa Oliveira
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Dermatozoonoses em Animais Domésticos, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4365, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brazil
| | | | - Rodrigo Caldas Menezes
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Dermatozoonoses em Animais Domésticos, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4365, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brazil.
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Grinnage-Pulley T, Scott B, Petersen CA. A Mother's Gift: Congenital Transmission of Trypanosoma and Leishmania Species. PLoS Pathog 2016; 12:e1005302. [PMID: 26821216 PMCID: PMC4731145 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tara Grinnage-Pulley
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Benjamin Scott
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Christine A. Petersen
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
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