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Zhang J, Yu Q, Liu Y, Liu H, Sun M, Tian Q, Tu S. [Propofol combined with hypoxia induces cognitive dysfunction in immature rats via p38 pathway]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2018; 38:1294-1299. [PMID: 30514675 PMCID: PMC6744114 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2018.11.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of propofol combined with hypoxia on cognitive function of immature rats and the possible role of p38 pathway and tau protein in mediating such effects. METHODS Ninety 7-day-old (P7) SD rats were randomized for daily intraperitoneal injection of propofol (50 mg/kg) or lipid emulsion (5.0 mL/kg) for 7 consecutive days. After each injection, the rats were placed in a warm box (38 ℃) with an oxygen concentration of 18% (hypoxia), 21% (normal air), or 50% (oxygen) until full recovery of the righting reflex. Another 90 P7 rats were similarly grouped and received intraperitoneal injections of p-p38 blocker (15 mg/kg) 30 min before the same treaments. The phosphorylated tau protein, total tau protein and p-p38 content in the hippocampus were detected using Western blotting. The spatial learning and memory abilities of the rats were evaluated with Morris water maze test. RESULTS Compared with lipid emulsion, propofol injection resulted in significantly increased levels of p-p38, phosphorylated tau and total tau proteins in rats with subsequent hypoxic or normal air treatment (P < 0.05), but propofol with oxygen and injections of the blocker before propofol did not cause significant changes in the proteins. Without subsequent oxygenation, the rats receiving injections of propofol, with and without prior blocker injection, all showed significantly prolonged latency time and reduced platform-crossing times and third quadrant residence time compared with the corresponding lipid emulsion groups (P < 0.05). With oxygen treatment, the rats in propofoland blocker-treated groups showed no significant difference in the performance in Morris water maze test from the corresponding lipid emulsion group. The results of Morris water maze test differed significantly between blocker-propofol group and propofol groups irrespective of exposures to different oxygen levels (P < 0.05), but not between the lipid emulsion and blocker group pairs with exposures to different oxygen levels. CONCLUSIONS Propofol combined with hypoxia can affect the expression of tau protein through p38 pathway to impair the cognitive function of immature rats, in which oxygen plays a protective role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Qing Yu
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Mang Sun
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Qin Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Shengfen Tu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
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Sun Y, Wen Y, Shen C, Zhu Y, You W, Meng Y, Chen L, Feng Y, Yang X, Chen ZB. Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in Liver Diseases. Int J Med Sci 2018; 15:782-787. [PMID: 30008587 PMCID: PMC6036079 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.24755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is an efficient therapeutic option to improve progress of lots of diseases especially hypoxia-related injuries, and has been clinically established as a wide-used therapy for patients with carbon monoxide poisoning, decompression sickness, arterial gas embolism, problematic wound, and so on. In the liver, most studies positively evaluated HBOT as a potential therapeutic option for liver transplantation, acute liver injury, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, fibrosis and cancer, especially for hepatic artery thrombosis. This might mainly attribute to the anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation of HBOT. However, some controversies are existed, possibly due to hyperbaric oxygen toxicity. This review summarizes the current understandings of the role of HBOT in liver diseases and hepatic regeneration. Future understanding of HBOT in clinical trials and its in-depth mechanisms may contribute to the development of this novel adjuvant strategy for clinical therapy of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Sun
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yankai Wen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chanjuan Shen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuanrun Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wendong You
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Meng
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiping Feng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zuo-Bing Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Hu C, Li L. Pre-conditions for eliminating mitochondrial dysfunction and maintaining liver function after hepatic ischaemia reperfusion. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 21:1719-1731. [PMID: 28301072 PMCID: PMC5571537 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver, the largest organ with multiple synthesis and secretion functions in mammals, consists of hepatocytes and Kupffer, stem, endothelial, stellate and other parenchymal cells. Because of early and extensive contact with the external environment, hepatic ischaemia reperfusion (IR) may result in mitochondrial dysfunction, autophagy and apoptosis of cells and tissues under various pathological conditions. Because the liver requires a high oxygen supply to maintain normal detoxification and synthesis functions, it is extremely susceptible to ischaemia and subsequent reperfusion with blood. Consequently, hepatic IR leads to acute or chronic liver failure and significantly increases the total rate of morbidity and mortality through multiple regulatory mechanisms. An increasing number of studies indicate that mitochondrial structure and function are impaired after hepatic IR, but that the health of liver tissues or liver grafts can be effectively rescued by attenuation of mitochondrial dysfunction. In this review, we mainly focus on the subsequent therapeutic interventions related to the conservation of mitochondrial function involved in mitigating hepatic IR injury and the potential mechanisms of protection. Because mitochondria are abundant in liver tissue, clarification of the regulatory mechanisms between mitochondrial dysfunction and hepatic IR should shed light on clinical therapies for alleviating hepatic IR‐induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxia Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Chaves J, Neto F, Ikejiri A, Bertoletto P, Teruya R, Santos Simões R, Tikazawa E, Liu J, Carrara F, Taha M, Fagundes D. Period of Hyperbaric Oxygen Delivery Leads to Different Degrees of Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats. Transplant Proc 2016; 48:516-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2015.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Protection strategies during cardiopulmonary bypass: ventilation, anesthetics and oxygen. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 2015; 28:73-80. [PMID: 25486490 DOI: 10.1097/aco.0000000000000143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To provide an update of research findings regarding the protection strategies utilized for patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), including perioperative ventilatory strategies, different anesthetic regimens, and inspiratory oxygen fraction. The article will review and comment on some of the most important findings in this field to provide a global view of strategies that may improve patient outcomes by reducing inflammation. RECENT FINDINGS Postoperative complications are directly related to ischemia and inflammation. The application of lung-protective ventilation with lower tidal volumes and higher positive end-expiratory pressure reduces inflammation, thereby reducing postoperative pulmonary complications. Although inhalation anesthesia has clear cardioprotective effects compared with intravenous anesthesia, several factors can interfere to reduce cardioprotection. Hyperoxia up to 0.8 FiO(2) may confer benefits without increasing oxidative stress or postoperative pulmonary complications. During the early postoperative period, inhalation anesthesia prior to extubation and the application of preventive noninvasive ventilation may reduce cardiac and pulmonary complications, improving patients' outcomes. SUMMARY Lung-protective mechanical ventilation, inhalation anesthesia, and high FiO(2) have the potential to reduce postoperative complications in patients undergoing CPB; however, larger, well powered, randomized control trials are still needed.
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