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Silva NNE, Lacerda RHW, Silva AWC, Ramos TB. Assessment of upper airways measurements in patients with mandibular skeletal Class II malocclusion. Dental Press J Orthod 2017; 20:86-93. [PMID: 26560826 PMCID: PMC4644924 DOI: 10.1590/2177-6709.20.5.086-093.oar] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Mandibular Class II malocclusions seem to interfere in upper airways
measurements. The aim of this study was to assess the upper airways measurements
of patients with skeletal Class II malocclusion in order to investigate the
association between these measurements and the position and length of the mandible
as well as mandibular growth trend, comparing the Class II group with a Class I
one. Methods: A total of 80 lateral cephalograms from 80 individuals aged between 10 and 17
years old were assessed. Forty radiographs of Class I malocclusion individuals
were matched by age with forty radiographs of individuals with mandibular Class II
malocclusion. McNamara Jr., Ricketts, Downs and Jarabak's measurements were used
for cephalometric evaluation. Data were submitted to descriptive and inferential
statistical analysis by means of SPSS 20.0 statistical package. Student's t-test,
Pearson correlation and intraclass correlation coefficient were used. A 95%
confidence interval and 5% significance level were adopted to interpret the
results. Results: There were differences between groups. Oropharynx and nasopharynx sizes as well as
mandibular position and length were found to be reduced in Class II individuals.
There was a statistically significant positive correlation between the size of the
oropharynx and Xi-Pm, Co-Gn and SNB measurements. In addition, the size of the
nasopharynx was found to be correlated with Xi-Pm, Co-Gn, facial depth, SNB,
facial axis and FMA. Conclusion: Individuals with mandibular Class II malocclusion were shown to have upper
airways measurements diminished. There was a correlation between mandibular length
and position and the size of oropharynx and nasopharynx.
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Wanzeler AMV, Renda MDO, de Oliveira Pereira ME, Alves-Junior SM, Tuji FM. Anatomical relation between nasal septum deviation and oropharynx volume in different facial patterns evaluated through cone beam computed tomography. Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017; 21:341-346. [PMID: 28735346 DOI: 10.1007/s10006-017-0641-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The objective of this study was to establish the anatomical relation between nasal septum deviation (NSD) and oropharynx volume in different facial patterns using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). METHODS Ninety CBCT examinations were analyzed. InVivoDental software was used to evaluate cephalometric image reconstructions in terms of facial type, determined from cephalometric measurements indicative of growth direction; the presence of NSD was also evaluated. ITK-SNAP software was employed for delimitation of the oropharynx. Intra-examiner error methods were recorded. The results were subjected to parametric and non-parametric tests using Bioestat 5.0. RESULTS A comparison of facial types revealed a significantly lower prevalence of NSD in the dolichofacial group compared with the brachyfacial and mesofacial groups (P = 0.0101 and 0.0149, respectively). In the total sample, there was a very strong positive relation between the presence of NSD and oropharynx space volume (P = 0.0162). The oropharynx volume was larger in all facial patterns in the presence of NSD. CONCLUSION The presence of NSD was not associated with facial type, although the oropharynx volume in patients with NSD increased. Therefore, deviation of the septum influences oropharynx volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Márcia Viana Wanzeler
- Department of Oral Radiology, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil.
- Federal University of Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa, 1, Belém, Pará, 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Maria Daniela Oliveira Renda
- Department of Oral Radiology, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
- Federal University of Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa, 1, Belém, Pará, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Maria Eduarda de Oliveira Pereira
- Department of Oral Radiology, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
- Federal University of Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa, 1, Belém, Pará, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Melo Alves-Junior
- Department of Oral Radiology, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
- Federal University of Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa, 1, Belém, Pará, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Fabricio Mesquita Tuji
- Department of Oral Radiology, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
- Federal University of Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa, 1, Belém, Pará, 66075-110, Brazil
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Brasil DM, Kurita LM, Groppo FC, Haiter-Neto F. Relationship of craniofacial morphology in 3-dimensional analysis of the pharynx. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2016; 149:683-691.e1. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2015.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2015] [Revised: 11/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Berwig LC, Ritzel RA, Silva AMTD, Mezzomo CL, Côrrea ECR, Serpa EO. Posição habitual da língua e dos lábios nos padrões de crescimento anteroposterior e vertical. REVISTA CEFAC 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/1982-0216201517s112112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJETIVO: estudar a posição habitual da língua e dos lábios nos padrões de crescimento anteroposterior e vertical de crianças em fase de dentição mista. MÉTODOS: a amostra foi constituída por 54 crianças, na faixa etária entre sete e 11 anos. As crianças selecionadas foram encaminhadas para avaliação radiográfica e análise cefalométrica, que possibilitou a obtenção de ângulos SNA, SNB e ANB (padrão de crescimento anteroposterior) e da classificação do tipo facial entre braquifacial, mesofacial e dolicofacial (padrão de crescimento vertical). A posição da língua e dos lábios foi determinada a partir da observação das radiografias cefalométricas por duas fonoaudiólogas com experiência na área de motricidade orofacial. A posição habitual da língua foi classificada como na papila palatina, com dorso elevado ou no assoalho oral, e a posição habitual dos lábios, como fechados ou entreabertos/abertos. Para verificar a relação entre a posição habitual da língua e dos lábios com os padrões de crescimento anteroposterior e vertical foram utilizados os testes estatísticos Análise de Variância, t de Student, U de Mann-Whitney e Qui-Quadrado, ao nível de significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: verificou-se relação estatisticamente significante entre a posição da língua e o ângulo SNB, sendo que as crianças com posição de língua no assoalho oral apresentaram ângulo SNB significantemente menor do que as crianças com posição habitual de língua na papila palatina. Verificou-se ângulo SNB significantemente menor nas crianças com posição de lábios entreabetos ou abertos quando comparadas às crianças com posição de lábios fechados. Não houve diferença entre a posição habitual da língua e dos lábios nos demais padrões de crescimento anteroposterior e de crescimento vertical. CONCLUSÃO: a posição habitual de lábios e de língua apresentou relação com o padrão de crescimento mandibular, não tendo sido influenciada pelo tipo facial.
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Bolzan GDP, Souza JA, Boton LDM, Silva AMTD, Corrêa ECR. Facial type and head posture of nasal and mouth-breathing children. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 23:315-20. [PMID: 22231051 DOI: 10.1590/s2179-64912011000400005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2010] [Accepted: 01/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To verify the facial type and the head posture of nasal and mouth-breathing children from habitual and obstructive etiologies, as well as to correlate the morphological facial index to the head angulation position in the sagittal plane. METHODS Participants were 59 children with ages between 8 years and 11 years and 10 months. All subjects were undergone to speech-language pathology screening, otorhinolaryngologic evaluation, and nasopharyngoscopy, allowing the constitution of three groups: nasal breathers--15 children; mouth breathers from obstructive etiology--22 children; and habitual mouth breathers--22 children. In order to determine facial type and morphological facial index, the height and the width of the face were measured using a digital caliper. The head posture was assessed through physical examination and computerized photogrammetry. RESULTS It was verified the predominance of short face in nasal breathers, and long face in mouth breathers. There was an association among facial type and breathing mode/mouth breathing etiology: the brachyfacial type was more frequent among nasal breathers, and less frequent in subjects with obstructive nasal breathing. Head posture was similar in all three groups. No correlation was found between morphological facial index and head posture. CONCLUSION The brachyfacial type favors the nasal-breathing mode and the head posture is not influenced by breathing mode and by the etiology of mouth breathing, as well as it is not related to facial type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geovana de Paula Bolzan
- Graduate Program in Human Communication Disorders, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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Berwig LC, Silva AMTD, Côrrea ECR, Moraes ABD, Montenegro MM, Ritzel RA. Análise quantitativa do palato duro em diferentes tipologias faciais de respiradores nasais e orais. REVISTA CEFAC 2011. [DOI: 10.1590/s1516-18462011005000134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJETIVO: comparar as dimensões do palato duro em diferentes tipologias faciais de crianças respiradoras nasais e orais. MÉTODO: a amostra foi constituída por 54 crianças, na faixa etária entre sete e 11 anos, distribuídas em grupos conforme o tipo facial e o modo respiratório. O tipo facial foi obtido por meio da análise cefalométrica de Ricketts, e o modo respiratório foi determinado a partir da avaliação fonoaudiológica e do diagnóstico otorrinolaringológico. Para realização de medidas transversais, verticais e do comprimento anteroposterior do palato duro, foram obtidos modelos em gesso do arco dental maxilar. Para comparação das dimensões do palato duro entre os grupos, foram utilizados testes paramétricos e não paramétricos, ao nível de significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: não foi verificada diferença estatisticamente significante nas medidas do palato duro entre as crianças braquifaciais, mesofaciais e dolicofaciais. Verificou-se diferença estatisticamente significante na distância entre os segundos pré-molares nos diferentes tipos faciais das crianças respiradoras nasais e orais, sendo que esta diferença não foi detectada nas comparações múltiplas. CONCLUSÃO: as dimensões do palato duro não diferiram quando analisadas em diferentes tipos faciais independente do modo respiratório. Porém, evidenciou-se diferença na distância entre os segundos pré-molares quando o tipo facial foi analisado nos respiradores nasais e orais.
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Souza LAD, Elmadjian TR, Brito e Dias R, Coto NP. Prevalence of malocclusions in the 13-20-year-old categories of football athletes. Braz Oral Res 2011; 25:19-22. [PMID: 21359447 DOI: 10.1590/s1806-83242011000100004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2010] [Accepted: 09/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The dentist can offer athletes improvement in their physical performance through the maintenance of oral health, preventing and treating any and all changes in the stomatognathic system, such as dental malocclusions, that compromise the athletes' performance. The objective of this study is to research the presence of dental malocclusions in athletes of the category between 13 and 20 years of age, from the São Paulo Football Club. 84 athletes participated in this study, dealing with the following topics: molar relation (Angle's classification); presence of overbite; underbite; overcrowding; abnormal spacing; open bite; and anterior, posterior, bilateral and unilateral crossbite; midline deviation and facial type (mesofacial, brachyfacial and dolichofacial). Only one table was made, showing percentages. In regard to Angle's molar relation, 89% are in Class I, 8% in Class II, 3% Class III, 9% of the athletes had overbite, 4% had underbite, 13% had overcrowding and 21% had abnormal spacing. In regard to the bite, 11% presented anterior open bite. In regard to crossbite, 7% presented unilateral crossbite on the right side and 2% on the left side; 5% presented posterior crossbite and 4% anterior crossbite. In regard to midline deviations, 4% presented deviation in the maxilla and 33% in the mandible. In regard to facial type: 39% are dolichofacial, 4% brachyfacial and 57% mesofacial. Based on the results shown, proposals for the implementation of dental, phoniatric, and Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) practices are already being discussed with the multidisciplinary team of the club involved.
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