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Li J, Liu X, Cai C, Zhang L, An Z, Guo Y, Zhang Y, Li W, Sun G, Li G, Kang X, Han R. Plasma exosome-derived miR-455-5p targets RPS6KB1 to regulate cartilage homeostasis in valgus-varus deformity (Gallus gallus). Poult Sci 2024; 103:104169. [PMID: 39244785 PMCID: PMC11407033 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Valgus-varus deformity (VVD) is a common long bone deformity in broilers. Imbalance in cartilage homeostasis is the main feature of leg disease. Exosomes act as an important intercellular communication vector that regulates chondrogenesis by encapsulating specific nucleic acids and proteins. However, the exact mechanism of how plasma exosomal miRNAs regulate cartilage homeostasis in VVD broilers remains unclear. This study first demonstrated the structural disorder, growth retardation, and reduced proliferative capacity of VVD cartilage in vitro and in vivo. Subsequently, VVD and Normal broiler plasma exosomes were collected for miRNA sequencing. Cartilage-specific miR-455-5p was extraordinarily emphasized by performing bioinformatics analysis on differential miRNA target genes and further validated by tissue expression profiling. PKH67 fluorescently labeled plasma exosomes were shown to be taken up by chondrocytes, deliver miR-455-5p, inhibit chondrocyte proliferation, and disrupt their homeostasis, and these effects could be inhibited by the miR-inhibitors. Mechanistically, MiR-455-5p targets Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinase B1 (RPS6KB1) to inhibit RPS6 phosphorylation and reduce the synthesis of key proteins for cartilage proliferation, which in turn inhibits cartilage proliferation and disrupts its homeostasis. In conclusion, the present study identified abnormalities in VVD cartilage tissue and clarified the specific mechanism by which plasma exosome-derived miR-455-5p regulates cartilage homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzeng Li
- The Shennong Laboratory, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xinxin Liu
- The Shennong Laboratory, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Chunxia Cai
- The Shennong Laboratory, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Lujie Zhang
- The Shennong Laboratory, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Zhiyuan An
- The Shennong Laboratory, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yujie Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yanhua Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Wenting Li
- The Shennong Laboratory, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Guirong Sun
- The Shennong Laboratory, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Guoxi Li
- The Shennong Laboratory, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xiangtao Kang
- The Shennong Laboratory, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Ruili Han
- The Shennong Laboratory, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
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2
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Oke OE, Akosile OA, Uyanga VA, Oke FO, Oni AI, Tona K, Onagbesan OM. Climate change and broiler production. Vet Med Sci 2024; 10:e1416. [PMID: 38504607 PMCID: PMC10951626 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Climate change has emerged as a significant occurrence that adversely affects broiler production, especially in tropical climates. Broiler chickens, bred for rapid growth and high meat production, rely heavily on optimal environmental conditions to achieve their genetic potential. However, climate change disrupts these conditions and poses numerous challenges for broiler production. One of the primary impacts of climate change on broiler production is the decreased ability of birds to attain their genetic potential for faster growth. Broilers are bred to possess specific genetic traits that enable them to grow rapidly and efficiently convert feed into meat. However, in tropical climates affected by climate change, the consequent rise in daily temperatures, increased humidity and altered precipitation patterns create an unfavourable environment for broilers. These conditions impede their growth and development, preventing them from reaching their maximum genetic influence, which is crucial for achieving desirable production outcomes. Furthermore, climate change exacerbates the existing challenges faced by broiler production systems. Higher feed costs impact the industry's economic viability and limit the availability of quality nutrition for the birds, further hampering their growth potential. In addition to feed scarcity, climate change also predisposes broiler chickens to thermal stress. This review collates existing information on climate change and its impact on broiler production, including nutrition, immune function, health and disease susceptibility. It also summarizes the challenges of broiler production under hot and humid climate conditions with different approaches to ameliorating the effects of harsh climatic conditions in poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oyegunle Emmanuel Oke
- Department of Animal PhysiologyFederal University of AgricultureAbeokutaNigeria
- Centre of Excellence in Poultry SciencesUniversity of LomeLomeTogo
| | | | | | - Folasade Olukemi Oke
- Department of Agricultural Economics and Farm ManagementFederal University of AgricultureAbeokutaNigeria
| | | | - Kokou Tona
- Centre of Excellence in Poultry SciencesUniversity of LomeLomeTogo
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3
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Khan K, Kaya M, Fidan ED, Kilimci FS. Impact of litter on femur and tibial morphology, bone biomechanics, and leg health parameters in broiler chickens. Anim Biosci 2023; 36:1393-1402. [PMID: 36915925 PMCID: PMC10472162 DOI: 10.5713/ab.22.0335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study effects of three types of beddings on broiler leg health and bone biomechanics were evaluated. METHODS A total of 504 male chicks (Ross 308) were randomly placed on three beddings (4 replicates/group; 42 birds/pen), zeolite-added litter (ZL), plastic-grid flooring (PF), and wood shavings (WS). On day 42, chickens were weighed, slaughtered, and samples (bone, muscle, and drumstick) were collected. Bones were subjected to leg health tests, morphometric measurements, biomechanical testing, and ash analysis. RESULTS Broilers in PF and WS groups showed higher live weight than the ZL group (p<0.001), and the incidence of tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) and varus valgus deformity due to distal bending was significantly higher in PF (p<0.001). Multinomial logistic regression showed that bedding has a significant (p = 0.038) contribution toward the development of TD. Tibial strength (p = 0.040), drumstick width (p = 0.001), and total femur and epiphyseal ash contents (p = 0.044, 0.016) were higher in the ZL group. Chicken live weight was correlated with tibial length and weight (r = 0.762, 0.725). CONCLUSION Flooring and the type of bedding material directly affect broiler bone length, strength and leg health. Plastic bedding improves the slaughter weight of chickens on the expense of leg deformities, and zeolite litter improves leg health and bone strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Khan
- Department of Basic Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (sub-campus Jhang), Lahore 35200,
Pakistan
| | - Mehmet Kaya
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın 09016,
Turkey
| | - Evrim Dereli Fidan
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın 09016,
Turkey
| | - Figen Sevil Kilimci
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın 09016,
Turkey
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4
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Li J, Ma Y, Zhang L, Cai C, Guo Y, Zhang Z, Li D, Tian Y, Kang X, Han R, Jiang R. Valgus-varus deformity induced abnormal tissue metabolism, inflammatory damage and apoptosis in broilers. Br Poult Sci 2023; 64:26-35. [PMID: 36102935 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2022.2121640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
1. This study explored the tissue metabolic status and the relationship with inflammation in valgus-valgus deformity (VVD) broilers with increasing age.2. Tissue and blood from VVD and healthy broilers were collected at two, four and five weeks old. A fully automated biochemical analyser, real-time PCR, HE staining and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to detect tissue metabolic indexes, mRNA levels of inflammation and apoptosis cytokines in immune organs, histological changes and serum inflammation and immune-related protein contents in VVD broilers.3. The results showed that VVD increased the levels of total protein, albumin, alanine aminotransferase at five weeks of age, aspartate aminotransferase, urea and creatine kinase in blood at two weeks of age. It upregulated the gene expression of inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, NF-κB and TGF-β and apoptotic factors FAS, Bcl-2, caspase-3 and 9 in immune organs; increased levels of serum proteins TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 and decreased levels of serum immunoglobulins IgY and CD3+.4. In addition, with increasing age, IL-10 gene expression gradually increased in the BF and decreased in the spleen.5. In conclusion, VVD broilers have disorders of liver and kidney metabolism, inflammation and apoptosis of immune organs and increased levels of serum inflammatory factor proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Y Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - L Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - C Cai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Y Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Z Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - D Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Y Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - X Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - R Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - R Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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5
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Gut microbiome dysregulation drives bone damage in broiler tibial dyschondroplasia by disrupting glucose homeostasis. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2023; 9:1. [PMID: 36596826 PMCID: PMC9810666 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-022-00360-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) with multiple incentives is a metabolic skeletal disease that occurs in fast-growing broilers. Perturbations in the gut microbiota (GM) have been shown to affect bone homoeostasis, but the mechanisms by which GM modulates bone metabolism in TD broilers remain unknown. Here, using a broiler model of TD, we noted elevated blood glucose (GLU) levels in TD broilers, accompanied by alterations in the pancreatic structure and secretory function and damaged intestinal barrier function. Importantly, faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) of gut microbes from normal donors rehabilitated the GM and decreased the elevated GLU levels in TD broilers. A high GLU level is a predisposing factor to bone disease, suggesting that GM dysbiosis-mediated hyperglycaemia might be involved in bone regulation. 16S rRNA gene sequencing and short-chain fatty acid analysis revealed that the significantly increased level of the metabolite butyric acid derived from the genera Blautia and Coprococcus regulated GLU levels in TD broilers by binding to GPR109A in the pancreas. Tibial studies showed reduced expression of vascular regulatory factors (including PI3K, AKT and VEFGA) based on transcriptomics analysis and reduced vascular distribution, contributing to nonvascularization of cartilage in the proximal tibial growth plate of TD broilers with elevated GLU levels. Additionally, treatment with the total flavonoids from Rhizoma drynariae further validated the improvement in bone homoeostasis in TD broilers by regulating GLU levels through the regulation of GM to subsequently improve intestinal and pancreatic function. These findings clarify the critical role of GM-mediated changes in GLU levels via the gut-pancreas axis in bone homoeostasis in TD chickens.
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Huang S, Zhang C, Xu T, Shaukat A, He Y, Chen P, Lin L, Yue K, Cao Q, Tong X. Integrated Fecal Microbiome and Metabolomics Reveals a Novel Potential Biomarker for Predicting Tibial Dyschondroplasia in Chickens. Front Physiol 2022; 13:887207. [PMID: 35634144 PMCID: PMC9133743 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.887207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) is a metabolic tibial-tarsal disorder occurring in fast-growing poultry, and its diagnosis is mainly based on an invasive method. Here, we profiled the fecal gut microbiome and metabolome of broilers with and without TD to identify potential non-invasive and non-stress biomarkers of TD. First, TD broilers with the most pronounced clinical signs during the experiment were screened and faecal samples were collected for integrated microbiome and metabolomics analysis. Moreover, the diagnostic potential of identified biomarkers was further validated throughout the experiment. It was noted that the microbial and metabolic signatures of TD broilers differed from those of normal broilers. TD broilers were characterized by enriched bacterial OTUs of the genus Klebsiella, and depleted genera [Ruminococcus], Dorea, Ruminococcus, Oscillospira, Ochrobactrum, and Sediminibacterium. In addition, a total of 189 fecal differential metabolites were identified, mainly enriched in the purine, vitamin and amino acid metabolism, which were closely associated with differential microbiota and tibia-related indicators. Furthermore, three fecal metabolites were screened, including 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, which distinguished TD from normal broilers with extremely high specificity and was superior to serum bone markers. These results indicated that gut microbiota equilibrium might influence the pathogenesis of TD by modulating host metabolism, and the identified fecal metabolite 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde might be a potential and non-invasive biomarker for predicting TD in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shucheng Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Shucheng Huang,
| | - Chaodong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tingting Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Aftab Shaukat
- National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (NCIRAGBR), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanfeng He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Pan Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Luxi Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ke Yue
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qinqin Cao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xishuai Tong
- Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development (Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China)/College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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7
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van den Brand H, Molenaar R, Klaasen M. Research note: Comparing methods to assess Valgus-Varus deformity in broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2022; 101:101907. [PMID: 35523033 PMCID: PMC9079703 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Valgus-varus deformity (VVD) is one of the leg disorders affecting health and welfare of broiler chickens. In research, several protocols are used to determine the prevalence and/or severity of VVD. This study aimed to investigate effects of five different protocols on the angulation of the tibiotarsal-tarsometatarsal joint. Angulation was determined (1) in living chickens with fixation at the femorotibiotarsal joint; (2) in dead chickens without fixation; (3) in dead chickens with fixation; (4) in dissected legs, including muscles, but without skin; (5) in dissected legs, without muscles, but with intact joints. Fixation of the leg at the femorotibiotarsal joint largely reduced the angulation of the tibiotarsal-tarsometatarsal joint. When fixation was used, no differences in angulation were found when broilers were live, dead or legs were dissected, but when no fixation was used, angulation was considerably higher, due to a large lateral deviation of the leg. It can be concluded that in intact chickens, fixation of the femorotibiotarsal joint is essential to determine VVD angulation in an appropriate way.
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8
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Probiotics Treatment of Leg Diseases in Broiler Chickens: a Review. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021; 14:415-425. [PMID: 34757604 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-021-09869-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Normal development and growth of bones are critical for poultry. With the rapid growth experienced by broiler chickens, higher incidences of leg weakness and lameness are common problems in adolescent meat-type poultry that present huge economic and welfare issues. Leg disorders such as angular bone deformities and tibial dyschondroplasia have become common in broilers and are associated with poor growth, high mortality rates, increased carcass condemnation, and downgrading at slaughter. Probiotics have shown promise for a variety of health purposes, including preventing diarrhea, elevating carcass quality, and promoting growth of the poultry. In addition, recent studies have indicated that probiotics can maintain the homeostasis of the gut microbiota and improve the health of the gastrointestinal tract, which confers a potentially beneficial effect on bone health. This review mainly describes the occurrence of broiler leg disease and the role of probiotics in bone health through regulating the gut microbiota and improving intestinal function, thus providing a relevant theoretical basis for probiotics to hinder the development of skeletal disorders in broiler chickens.
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9
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Lourenço da Silva MI, Almeida Paz ICDL, Chaves GHC, Almeida ICDL, dos Ouros CC, de Souza SRL, Milbradt EL, Caldara FR, Satin AJG, da Costa GA, Glavina ASG. Behaviour and animal welfare indicators of broiler chickens housed in an enriched environment. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256963. [PMID: 34570782 PMCID: PMC8476007 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to assess the influence of adding straw bales, step platforms, and laser projectors as environmental enrichment resources on the behaviour and welfare indicators of broiler chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus). A sample of 4,000 day-old male Cobb® 500 birds was used. The experimental treatments consisted of No Environmental Enrichment (NEE)-similar to a conventional environment; and Environmental Enrichment (EE)-environment enriched with straw bales, step platforms, and laser projectors, with four replicates per treatment of 500 animals. Behavioural characteristics (ethological observation through cameras, grab test, and modified touch test) and animal welfare indicators (pododermatitis and dorsal cranial myopathy) were assessed. The birds submitted to the EE treatment exhibited greater exploratory activity and expression of behaviours associated with comfort and welfare, whereas those in the NEE group were less active. Locomotion and play fighting behaviour decreased and behaviours associated with comfort increased as age advanced. The frequencies of interaction with laser spots and birds lying around straw bales were the highest in the 1st week (P<0.01). The behaviours of pecking at straw bales (P<0.0004), using the step platforms (P = 0.0001) and being on top of straw bales (P<0.0002) gradually increased. The chickens accessed the feeding troughs the most in the period of 0800 hours (P<0.0001) and expressed the highest frequencies of behaviours associated with comfort in the 1400 hours and 1700 hours periods. The birds in the EE group were calmer in face of human presence and touch and scored higher in animal welfare indicators. Adding straw bales, step platforms, and laser projectors increased locomotion, reduced expression of fear, and improved animal welfare indicators of broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marconi Italo Lourenço da Silva
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), São Paulo State University “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ibiara Correia de Lima Almeida Paz
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), São Paulo State University “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Henrique Coelho Chaves
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), São Paulo State University “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ianê Correia de Lima Almeida
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), São Paulo State University “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caio Cesar dos Ouros
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), São Paulo State University “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvia Regina Lucas de Souza
- Department of Rural Engineering, School of Agronomic Science (FCA), São Paulo State University “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elisane Lenita Milbradt
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), São Paulo State University “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Ribeiro Caldara
- Department of Animal Production, College of Agrarian Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ana Júlia Garcia Satin
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), São Paulo State University “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Augusto da Costa
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), São Paulo State University “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andreia Soares Gonçalves Glavina
- Department of Rural Engineering, School of Agronomic Science (FCA), São Paulo State University “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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10
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Diarra S, Lameta S, Amosa F, Anand S. Alternative Bedding Materials for Poultry: Availability, Efficacy, and Major Constraints. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:669504. [PMID: 34485425 PMCID: PMC8416037 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.669504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing demand of wood shavings (WS) and sawdust (SD) by other industries and growing concerns of potential chemical contaminants from wood products have amplified research interest in alternative bedding materials for commercial poultry. Several alternative materials-corn cob (CC), straws (ST) and hays (HA), sand (SA), shredded papers (SP), rice hulls (RH), peanut hulls (PH), and gypsum (CaSO4.2H2O2)-can replace conventional ones in poultry houses, depending on availability, cost, and ability to absorb and adsorb moisture and provide the birds enough room to exhibit their natural behaviors. Alternative materials hold a brighter future as bedding materials, but more studies about their physicochemical properties and litter management practices for optimum poultry welfare are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siaka Diarra
- School of Agriculture, Geography, Environment, Ocean and Natural Sciences, The University of the South Pacific, Apia, Samoa
| | - Sonny Lameta
- School of Agriculture, Geography, Environment, Ocean and Natural Sciences, The University of the South Pacific, Apia, Samoa
| | - Falaniko Amosa
- School of Agriculture, Geography, Environment, Ocean and Natural Sciences, The University of the South Pacific, Apia, Samoa
| | - Sanjay Anand
- School of Agriculture, Geography, Environment, Ocean and Natural Sciences, The University of the South Pacific, Apia, Samoa
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Martins JMS, Dos Santos Neto LD, Noleto-Mendonça RA, de Carvalho GB, Sgavioli S, Barros de Carvalho F, Leandro NSM, Café MB. Dietary supplementation with glycosaminoglycans reduces locomotor problems in broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2020; 99:6974-6982. [PMID: 33248613 PMCID: PMC7705027 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.09.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the influence of glycosaminoglycan (chondroitin and glucosamine sulfates) supplementation in the diet on the performance and incidence of locomotor problems in broiler chickens. A completely randomized design was carried out in a 3 × 3 factorial scheme (3 levels of chondroitin sulfate -0, 0.05, and 0.10%; and 3 levels of glucosamine sulfate -0, 0.15, and 0.30%). Each treatment was composed of 6 replications of 30 broilers each. The performance of broilers (average weight, weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion, and productive viability) was assessed at 7, 21, 35, and 42 d of age, whereas the gait score, valgus and varus deviations, femoral degeneration, and tibial dyschondroplasia were assessed at 21 and 42 d of age. Increasing levels of glucosamine sulfate inclusion linearly increased the weight gain from 1 to 35 and from 1 to 42 d of age of broilers (P = 0.047 and P = 0.039, respectively), frequency of broilers with no femoral degeneration in the right and left femurs, and the proliferating cartilage area of proximal epiphysis at 42 d of age (P = 0.014, P < 0.0001, and P = 0.028, respectively). The increasing inclusion of chondroitin and glucosamine sulfates led to an increase in the frequency of broilers on the gait score scale 0 (P = 0.007 and P = 0.0001, respectively) and frequency of broilers with no valgus and varus deviations (P = 0.014 and P = 0.0002, respectively) also at 42 d of age. Thus, chondroitin and glucosamine sulfates can be used in the diet of broiler chickens to reduce their locomotor problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julyana M S Martins
- Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary and Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Lindolfo D Dos Santos Neto
- Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary and Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Raiana A Noleto-Mendonça
- Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary and Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Genilson B de Carvalho
- Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary and Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Sarah Sgavioli
- Animal Husbandry Master Program, Brazil University, Descalvado, SP, Brazil.
| | - Fabyola Barros de Carvalho
- Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary and Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Nadja S M Leandro
- Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary and Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Marcos B Café
- Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary and Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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13
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Almeida Paz ICDL, Almeida ICDL, Milbradt EL, Caldara FR, Tse MLP. Effects of analgesic and noise stimulus in gait score assessment. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0208827. [PMID: 30605469 PMCID: PMC6317777 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This experiment was carried out aiming to assess walking manner and speed of broiler chickens with different gait scores (GS), with or without sound stimulus, and with or without administration of analgesic. To that end, 1,000 birds were evaluated by the GS test and 74 were selected for walking speed analyses. Weight at slaughter and breast yield values were obtained for comparisons. Walking speed analyses, both with and without analgesic and with and without stimulus were performed. Non-parametric statistics was applied to the GS data that did not meet the assumptions of the statistical model (normality and homogenicity) using Fisher’s exact test according to the data behavior (P<0.05). The analyses of data on speed, weight at slaughter, and breast yield were evaluated by ANOVA and compared by Tukey’s test (P<0.05). Walking speed differed after acoustic stimulus with or without administration of metamizole sodium. Body weight was also different in each GS. It is thus concluded that the birds may feel discomfort when their GS is higher than 0, but that such discomfort may be suppressed when they are stimulated to walk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibiara Correia de Lima Almeida Paz
- Department of Animal Production, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Ianê Correia de Lima Almeida
- Department of Animal Production, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elisane Lenita Milbradt
- Department of Animal Production, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Ribeiro Caldara
- School of Agrarian Science, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marcos Livio Panhoza Tse
- Department of Animal Production, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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14
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Garcia RG, Roriz BC, Nääs IA, Lima NDS, Sgavioli S, Caldara FR. Multi-Attribute Evaluation and Selection of Broiler House for the Low Prevalence of Footpad Lesion. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2017-0643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- RG Garcia
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Brazil
| | - BC Roriz
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Brazil
| | | | - NDS Lima
- State University of Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - FR Caldara
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Brazil
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15
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Kittelsen KE, David B, Moe RO, Poulsen HD, Young JF, Granquist EG. Associations among gait score, production data, abattoir registrations, and postmortem tibia measurements in broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2018; 96:1033-1040. [PMID: 27965410 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pew433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Lameness and impaired walking ability in rapidly growing meat-type broiler chickens are major welfare issues that cause economic losses. This study analyzed the prevalence of impaired walking and its associations with production data, abattoir registrations, and postmortem tibia measurements in Norwegian broiler chickens. Gait score (GS) was used to assess walking ability in 59 different commercial broiler flocks (Ross 308) close to the slaughter d, 5,900 broilers in total, in 3 different geographical regions. In each flock, 100 arbitrary broilers were gait scored and 10 random broilers were culled to harvest tibias. Abattoir registrations on flock level were collected after slaughter. A total of 24.6% of the broilers had moderate to severe gait impairment. The broilers were sampled in 2 stages, first slaughterhouse/region, and then owner/flock. The final models showed that impaired gait is associated with first-week mortality (P < 0.05), region (P < 0.001), height of tibias mid-shaft (P < 0.05), and calcium content in the tibia ash (P < 0.05), and negatively associated with DOA (P < 0.05). The prevalence of impaired gait indicates that this is a common problem in the broiler industry in Norway, although the mean slaughter age is only 31 d and the maximum allowed animal density is relatively low. Impaired walking ability could not be predicted by the welfare indicators footpad lesion score, total on-farm mortality, and decreasing DOA prevalence. Further studies are needed to explore the relationship between first-week mortality and gait score.
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Affiliation(s)
- K E Kittelsen
- Animalia, Norwegian Meat and Poultry Research Centre, NO-0513 Oslo, Norway
| | - B David
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Veterinary Public Health Section, NO-0454 Oslo, Norway
| | - R O Moe
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, NO-0033 Oslo, Norway
| | - H D Poulsen
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Aarhus, Blichers Allé 20, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - J F Young
- Department of Food Science, University of Aarhus, Blichers Allé 20, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - E G Granquist
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, NO-0033 Oslo, Norway
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Sgavioli S, Santos ET, Borges LL, Andrade-Garcia GM, Castiblanco DMC, Almeida VR, Garcia RG, Shimano AC, Nääs IA, Baraldi-Artoni SM. Effect of the addition of glycosaminoglycans on bone and cartilaginous development of broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2018; 96:4017-4025. [PMID: 29050433 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Locomotion issues in broiler production may decrease performance (carcass yield and traits) and lead to high financial losses. This study evaluates the addition of glucosaminoglycans in broiler diets to minimize the lack of proper bone development and joint weakening. The experiment was conducted using 2,160 broilers randomly distributed in a factorial pattern (3 × 3) using 3 levels of glucosamine sulfate (0, 0.12, and 0.24%) and 3 levels of chondroitin sulfate addition (0, 0.08, and 0.16%). Eight repetitions were used for each treatment, distributed in 72 pens with 30 broilers each. There was a quadratic effect on feed conversion for broilers from 1 to 42 d old (P = 0.0123) for the addition of chondroitin, and better feed conversion was obtained by adding 0.08% of chondroitin. The relative tibia weight, the width of the proximal epiphysis and diaphysis presented a linear increased effect in broilers at 42 d old. An interaction was found between the amount of chondroitin × glucosamine and the number of chondrocytes in the proximal cartilage of the tibia (P = 0.0072). There was a quadratic effect of glucosamine levels (P = 0.0107) in the birds that had received the 0.16% addition of chondroitin, and the presence of 0.18% glucosamine increased the number chondrocytes in the cartilage of broilers. These results provide the first evidence that broilers may benefit from increased dietary chondroitin sulfate. These results indicate that the addition of glucosamine and chondroitin sulfates in broiler feed rations might alleviate leg conditions and decrease financial losses in the broiler industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elaine T Santos
- Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Liliana L Borges
- Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Diana M C Castiblanco
- Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Vitor R Almeida
- Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo G Garcia
- College of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Antônio C Shimano
- Department of Bioengineering, São Paulo State University, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Irenilza A Nääs
- College of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Silvana M Baraldi-Artoni
- Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
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17
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Yildirim M, Taskin A. The effects of Environmental Enrichment on Some Physiological and Behavioral Parameters of Broiler Chicks. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2016-0402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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18
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Mendes AS, Paixão SJ, Sikorski RR, Bonamigo DV, Morello MG, Ponzoni RAR. Photogrammetry: a Non-Invasive and Objective Method for Detecting Locomotion Problems in Broiler Chickens. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2015-0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- AS Mendes
- Technological Federal University of Paraná, Brazil
| | - SJ Paixão
- Federal University of Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - RR Sikorski
- Technological Federal University of Paraná, Brazil
| | | | | | - RAR Ponzoni
- Technological Federal University of Paraná, Brazil
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Alves MCF, Almeida Paz ICL, Nääs IA, Garcia RG, Caldara FR, Baldo GAA, Nascimento GR, Amadori MS, Felix GA, Garcia EA, Molino AR. Equilibrium Condition during Locomotion and Gait in Broiler Chickens. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2015-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- MCF Alves
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Brazil
| | | | - IA Nääs
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Brazil
| | - RG Garcia
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Brazil
| | - FR Caldara
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Brazil
| | - GAA Baldo
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Brazil
| | | | - MS Amadori
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Brazil
| | - GA Felix
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Brazil
| | - EA Garcia
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Brazil
| | - AR Molino
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Brazil
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20
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Paz ICLA, Garcia RG, Bernardi R, Seno LDO, Nääs IDA, Caldara FR. Locomotor Problems in Broilers Reared on New and Re-Used Litter. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2013.e45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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21
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Colet S, Garcia RG, Almeida Paz ICL, Caldara FR, Borille R, Royer AFB, Nääs IA, Sgavioli S. BONE CHARACTERISTICS OF BROILERS SUPPLEMENTED WITH VITAMIN D. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/1516-635x1703325-332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Colet
- Federal University of Grande Dourados, Brazil
| | - RG Garcia
- Federal University of Grande Dourados, Brazil
| | | | - FR Caldara
- Federal University of Grande Dourados, Brazil
| | - R Borille
- Federal University of Grande Dourados, Brazil
| | - AFB Royer
- Federal University of Grande Dourados, Brazil
| | - IA Nääs
- Federal University of Grande Dourados, Brazil
| | - S Sgavioli
- Federal University of Grande Dourados, Brazil
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22
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Felix GA, Almeida Paz ICL, Piovezan U, Garcia RG, Lima KAO, Nääs IA, Salgado DD, Pilecco M, Belloni M. Feeding behavior and crop damage caused by capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) in an agricultural landscape. BRAZ J BIOL 2014; 74:779-86. [PMID: 25627586 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.02113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the yield loss caused by capybaras in rural areas of Dourados-MS, their feeding periods, crop preferences and the landscape characteristics of farms that may affect the occurrence of capybara's herds. Semi-structured interviews in 24 different farms were done during a period between April 2010 and August 2011. Field observations were held at different times of the day, and also during the night in order to record peaks of the feeding behavior in six farms. Direct counting of capybaras along with the group of animals reported as seen by the farmers during the interviews was used to estimate the size of herds. Data was analyzed using the Principal Components Analyses and the Analytic Hierarchy Process. The average number of capybaras found in a regular herd was 18.8 ± 7.90 animals. The average number of capybara herd by farms was of 1.38 ± 0.92 while the average number of capybaras by farms was 32.33 ± 27.87. Capybaras selected rice (Oryza sativa) when it was available (14.5% of devastation in 1.18% of total planted area); however, the most eaten crop was corn (Zea mays) with 38.55% of loss rate in 16.17% of the total planted area. Capybaras ate mostly in the evening and during the night. The availability of water resources in the rural area predisposed the occurrence of capybara's herds.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Felix
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechny, Federal University of Goiás - UFG, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - I C L Almeida Paz
- College of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados - UFGD, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | | | - R G Garcia
- College of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados - UFGD, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - K A O Lima
- College of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados - UFGD, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - I A Nääs
- College of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados - UFGD, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - D D Salgado
- Catholic University of Campinas - PUCCAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - M Pilecco
- College of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados - UFGD, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - M Belloni
- College of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados - UFGD, Dourados, MS, Brazil
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23
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Vanderhasselt RF, Goethals K, Buijs S, Federici JF, Sans ECO, Molento CFM, Duchateau L, Tuyttens FAM. Performance of an animal-based test of thirst in commercial broiler chicken farms. Poult Sci 2014; 93:1327-36. [PMID: 24879682 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2013-03720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal-based measures of thirst are currently absent from animal welfare monitoring schemes due to the lack of a well-validated indicator applicable for on-farm use. In the present study, an on-farm test based on voluntary water consumption from an unfamiliar open drinker was validated in a (semi-)commercial setting. To investigate the effect of thirst on water consumption, we subjected 4 flocks of 1,500 broilers to either 0 or 12 h of water deprivation and subsequently measured the amount of water that small subgroups consumed after the deprivation period (first experiment). Broilers that were water deprived before the test drank more than control broilers (P < 0.001). In a second experiment, a similar test was performed using 20 commercial broiler flocks in Belgium and Brazil. After a pretreatment water consumption test, the birds were subjected to 0 or 6 h of water deprivation, and a posttreatment water consumption test was conducted. Only in Brazil, deprived birds drank significantly more than controls in the posttreatment water consumption test (P < 0.001). A tendency for a difference was found in Belgium (P = 0.083). Pre- and posttreatment water consumption was higher in Brazil than in Belgium (P < 0.001). Stocking density and temperature influenced, respectively, the pretreatment and the control's posttreatment water consumption in Brazil, but not in Belgium. These results indicate that the water consumption test is sufficiently sensitive to discriminate between control and 12 h deprived flocks, and in Brazil even between control and 6 h deprived birds. The location of the test within the house did not affect the amount of water consumed in either experiment, suggesting that this variable does not have to be standardized. However, the amount of water consumed by broilers able to drink freely for a long period depended on indoor climatic variables (in Brazil only) and possibly genotype. This suggests that these variables need to be considered when interpreting the test outcome in terms of the thirst level experienced by the broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- R F Vanderhasselt
- Animal Sciences Unit, Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO), Scheldeweg 68, B-9090 Melle, Belgium
| | - K Goethals
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - S Buijs
- Animal Sciences Unit, Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO), Scheldeweg 68, B-9090 Melle, Belgium
| | - J F Federici
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraná, R. dos Funcionários, 1540 CEP 80035-050, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - E C O Sans
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraná, R. dos Funcionários, 1540 CEP 80035-050, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - C F M Molento
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraná, R. dos Funcionários, 1540 CEP 80035-050, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - L Duchateau
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - F A M Tuyttens
- Animal Sciences Unit, Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO), Scheldeweg 68, B-9090 Melle, Belgium Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
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Villagrá A, Olivas I, Althaus RL, Gómez EA, Lainez M, Torres AG. Behavior of broiler chickens in four different substrates: a choice test. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2014. [DOI: 10.1590/s1516-635x2014000100010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - AG Torres
- Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain
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25
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ALVES M, ALMEIDA PAZ I, CALDARA F, NÄÄS I, GARCIA R, SENO L, BALDO G, AMADORI M. EQUILÍBRIO E PROBLEMAS LOCOMOTORES EM FRANGOS DE CORTE. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE ENGENHARIA DE BIOSSISTEMAS 2013. [DOI: 10.18011/bioeng2013v7n1p35-44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
O crescimento de uma ave depende particularmente do desenvolvimento muscular e do tecido ósseo. Atualmente em frangos de corte o crescimento muscular é extremamente elevado enquanto seu suporte esquelético ainda se encontra muito imaturo, tendo como consequências o aparecimento de afecções locomotoras entre outras. Com os avanços no melhoramento genético avícola, verifica-se que a forma de caminhar e a condição de equilíbrio foram influenciadas negativamente, causando dificuldades de locomoção nesses animais. A presente revisão apresenta as principais desordens locomotoras que acometem as aves de produção e alguns dos fatores que as influenciam, assim como o impacto que elas causam na avicultura de corte.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.C.F. ALVES
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias – FCA, Universidade Estadual de Maringá – UEM, Maringá – PR, Brasil
| | - I.C.L. ALMEIDA PAZ
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia – FMVZ, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” – UNESP, Botucatu - SP, Brasil
| | - F.R. CALDARA
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias – FCA, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados – MS, Brasil
| | - I.A. NÄÄS
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias – FCA, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados – MS, Brasil
| | - R.G. GARCIA
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias – FCA, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados – MS, Brasil
| | - L.O. SENO
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias – FCA, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados – MS, Brasil
| | - G.A.A. BALDO
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia – FMVZ, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” – UNESP, Botucatu - SP, Brasil
| | - M.S. AMADORI
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias – FCA, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados – MS, Brasil
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Garcês A, Afonso S, Chilundo A, Jairoce C. Evaluation of different litter materials for broiler production in a hot and humid environment: 1. Litter characteristics and quality. J APPL POULTRY RES 2013. [DOI: 10.3382/japr.2012-00547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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27
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Pilecco M, Almeida Paz ICDL, Tabaldi LA, Nääs IA, Garcia RG, Caldara FR, Andrela GO. Multi-criteria analysis of the influence of rearing, equipment, and catching management practices on the Incidence of back scratches in broilers. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s1516-635x2012000400007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Pilecco
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Brazil
| | | | - LA Tabaldi
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Brazil
| | - IA Nääs
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Brazil
| | - RG Garcia
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Brazil
| | - FR Caldara
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Brazil
| | - GO Andrela
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Brazil
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28
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Garcia RG, Almeida Paz ICL, Caldara FR, Nääs IA, Pereira DF, Ferreira VMOS. Selecting the most adequate bedding material for broiler production in Brazil. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s1516-635x2012000200006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- RG Garcia
- Federal University of Grande Dourados, Brazil
| | | | - FR Caldara
- Federal University of Grande Dourados, Brazil
| | - IA Nääs
- Federal University of Grande Dourados, Brazil
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Zuowei S, Yan L, Yuan L, Jiao H, Song Z, Guo Y, Lin H. Stocking density affects the growth performance of broilers in a sex-dependent fashion. Poult Sci 2011; 90:1406-15. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2010-01230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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