Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing bacteria isolated from hematologic patients in Manaus, State of Amazonas, Brazil

First case of New Delhi metallo β-lactamase-1 (NDM-1)-producing Burkholderia cepacia complex in Iran

The Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) is a gram-negative bacillus, which is intrinsically resistant to several used antibiotics, and is now recognized as a group of opportunistic pathogens in Cystic Fibrosis patients. Here, for the first time, we report the case of a patient with New Delhi metallo β-lactamase (NDM)-positive Bcc lower respiratory tract infection in Iran. The patient was a 57-year-old male admitted to our hospital due to breathlessness, with a history of pulmonary thromboembolism and hypertension. On day 14, the patient underwent bronchoscopy and a bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) specimen was taken. BAL culture grew Bcc. The drug resistance analysis showed positive NDM resistance, with susceptibility to only quinolones, therefore, levofloxacin was prescribed to the patient. He was discharged from the hospital on the 20th day, 4 days after the initiation of levofloxacin therapy, and died at home on the fifth day after discharge. This is the first report of a lung infection caused by an extensively drug-resistant NDM-positive Bcc strain in Iran.

Evaluation of being overweight/obese and related sociodemographic factors in 0-5 year age group in Turkey: Turkey Demographic Health Survey 2013 advanced analysis

Background/aim

To determine risk factors of overweightness/obesity in children aged 0-5 years in the Turkish population.

Materials and methods

We made advanced analysis using the Turkey Demographic Health Survey (TDHS) 2013 female database, in which data from children aged under five years and their mothers are included. Analyses were performed using weight for height index data. The children were divided into two groups by age as 0–23 months and 24–59 months.

Results

The analysis comprised 2196 children aged under 5 years. Several factors were associated with an increase in overweightness/obesity of children aged under 5 years. Overweight/obesity in children aged 0-23 months was associated with several factors such as age (12–23 months) (OR: 2.89 CI: 1.62-5.13), high birth weight (OR: 2.36 CI: 1.26-4.44), maternal obesity (OR: 2.09 CI: 1.33-3.27), and maternal smoking (OR: 2.07, CI: 1.28-3.33). Overweightness/obesity in children aged 24–59 months was associated with several factors such as education level of the mother (OR: 2.27, CI: 1.08-4.75), consanguineous marriage (OR: 2.86, CI: 1.83-4.47), and which region of Turkey the family lives in (OR: 2.79, CI: 1.53-5.08).

Conclusion

Our results from the TDHS 2013 showed several risk factors of children overweight/obesity. Determining obesity risk factors, monitoring obese children/adults, and providing a multidisciplinary approach to the treatment and prevention of obesity will be useful for the future.