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Kamali M, Ghaderi A, Tamimi P, Firooz A, Nasiri Kashani M, Ayatollahi A, Valizadeh F, Fattahi M, Fattahi M. Reactive oxygen species-inducing itraconazole and its anti-biofilm activity against resistant Candida parapsilosis sensu lato biofilm cells isolated from patients with recalcitrant onychomycosis. Arch Dermatol Res 2024; 316:642. [PMID: 39325271 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-024-03382-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2024] [Revised: 08/31/2024] [Accepted: 09/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Candida parapsilosis was introduced as the second most responsible for nail involvement. The colonization of biotic and abiotic surfaces by Candida spp. can result in the formation of biofilms, which possess a high level of resistance to typical antifungal agents. Since Candida spp. can produce biofilm mass on the surface of the nails, dermatologists should consider appropriate antifungals to eliminate both the planktonic and biofilm cells. The aim of this research was to determine the antifungal efficacy of itraconazole against C. parapsilosis sensu lato biofilm formations, in addition to its static effects. Ten C. parapsilosis sensu lato isolates were enrolled in this study. The use of itraconazole results in the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during treatment. In order to verify the correlation between ROS and itraconazole-induced cell death, the viability of cells was analyzed by administering the ROS scavenger Ascorbic acid. The apoptotic features of itraconazole were analyzed using the Annexin V-FITC method. Based on current data, it was found that the generation of intracellular stresses by itraconazole is not observed in cells upon ROS inhibition, emphasizing the importance of intracellular ROS in the apoptotic mechanism of itraconazole. Targeting the oxidative defense system is a powerful point to use ROS-inducing antifungals as a superior choice for more effective therapies in case of recalcitrant onychomycosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monireh Kamali
- Rajaei Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjani Hwy, No.1115119969, +982123921, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aliasghar Ghaderi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pegah Tamimi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Firooz
- Center for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Taleqani Ave. No.415, Tehran, 1416613675, Iran
| | - Mansour Nasiri Kashani
- Center for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Taleqani Ave. No.415, Tehran, 1416613675, Iran
| | - Azin Ayatollahi
- Center for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Taleqani Ave. No.415, Tehran, 1416613675, Iran
| | - Farnaz Valizadeh
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Kish International Campus, University of Tehran, Keshavarz Blvd No.15, Tehran, +982188962128, Iran
| | | | - Mahsa Fattahi
- Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Pediatric Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Brito SCP, Pinto MR, Alcântara LM, Reis NF, Durães TL, Bittar CTM, de Oliveira JC, da Rocha EMDS, Dantas Machado RL, Souza E Guimarães RJDP, Baptista ARDS. Spatio-temporal six-year retrospective study on dermatophytosis in Rio de Janeiro, Southeast Brazil: A tropical tourist locality tale. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0010865. [PMID: 37011092 PMCID: PMC10101643 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Trichophyton, Microsporum, Nannizzia and Epidermophyton genera cause dermatophytosis, the most common and highly contagious infectious skin disease. Rio de Janeiro is one of the most visited cities in the Southern Hemisphere, located in the most visited state of Brazil. This retrospective study investigated epidemiological and laboratorial aspects of dermatophytosis in Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil, by using spatiotemporal analysis. More than half of all individuals were infected by one or more dermatophytes. A variation between 18 and 106 years-old of the studied population was verified, and women more frequently affected. Patients were more frequently infected by Trichophyton spp., most of them T. rubrum, followed by T. mentagrophytes. M. canis and N. gypsea were more frequently isolated in the age group between 40 and 60 years old, while T. rubrum predominates among younger patients. All species presented homogeneous distribution while T. tonsurans appears to be restricted to the Rio de Janeiro capital while E. floccosum to the municipality of Macaé (190 Km apart from RJ). Rio de Janeiro state presented spatial clusters of dermatophytosis with high density in Guanabara Bay (E. floccosum, M. canis, N. gypsea, T. tonsurans) and Niterói (T. rubrum, T. mentagrophytes) but low density in Macaé (E. floccosum). Significant spatiotemporal clusters on dermatophytosis cases were detected in distinct municipalities (p-value ≤ 0.05). The Vulnerability Index (r = 0.293) and Demographic Density (r = 0.652) distributed according to neighborhoods in Niterói were direct related with dermatophytosis cases whereas Income (r = -0.306) was inversely correlated (p-value ≤ 0.05). The dermatophytosis spatiotemporal distinct distribution after two major international events in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, highlight the pressing need for specific measures of its prevention and controlling. This is particularly relevant in touristic tropical localities which must consider both socio-economical and traveler's medicine variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Cristina Pereira Brito
- Center for Microorganisms' Investigation, Biomedical Institute, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Márcia Ribeiro Pinto
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology of Mycoses, Biomedical Institute, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lucas Martins Alcântara
- Center for Microorganisms' Investigation, Biomedical Institute, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nathália Faria Reis
- Center for Microorganisms' Investigation, Biomedical Institute, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Elisabeth Martins da Silva da Rocha
- Center for Microorganisms' Investigation, Biomedical Institute, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Luiz Dantas Machado
- Center for Microorganisms' Investigation, Biomedical Institute, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Andréa Regina de Souza Baptista
- Center for Microorganisms' Investigation, Biomedical Institute, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Rede Micologia RJ -Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Ngo TMC, Nu PAT, Cao LC, Ha TNT, Do TBT, Thi GT. A case of onychomycosis caused by a terbinafine-susceptible Fusarium solani in Vietnam. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY 2022; 14:932-936. [PMID: 36721449 PMCID: PMC9867615 DOI: 10.18502/ijm.v14i6.11269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fusarium spp. are the common onychomycosis pathogens in non-dermatophyte molds, and are considered resistant to many antifungal agents. We reported onychomycosis of the fingernail caused by Fusarium solani in Vietnam. The minimum inhibitory concentration of terbinafine against the tested isolate was 1μg/ml, which was the lowest of all antimycotic agents. The patient was successfully treated with a daily dose of 250mg terbinafine for two months, and no recurrence occurred after a one-year follow-up. Antifungal susceptibility testing is recommended in Fusarium onychomycosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Minh Chau Ngo
- Corresponding author: Thi Minh Chau Ngo, MD, Ph.D, Department of Parasitology, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue, Viet Nam. Tel: +84983863426
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Comparison of Fungal Fluorescent Staining and ITS rDNA PCR-based Sequencing with Conventional Methods for Diagnosis of Onychomycosis. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.16.2.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurate identification of fungal causes for onychomycosis is essential for proper treatment. Presently available laboratory methods show unreliable sensitivity; so there is a requirement for innovative detection techniques. The aim for this work was to assess the efficiencies of fluorescent staining and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) ribosomal DNA (rDNA) polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based sequencing in comparison to conventional techniques for diagnosis of onychomycosis. Nail specimens obtained from 100 patients with clinically- diagnosed onychomycosis were analyzed. Nail scrapings or clippings were subjected to direct microscopic examination by KOH mount, culture by using Sabouraud’s dextrose agar and histopathological examination with periodic-acid Schiff (PAS). Collected specimens were subsequently examined by fluorescent staining and PCR-based sequencing (30 specimens only) to compare the feasibility, sensitivity and diagnostic accuracy for these two methods. The most frequently isolated fungi were yeasts (39/76: 51.3%), dermatophytes (24/76; 31.6%) and non-dermatophyte molds (NDMs) (13/76; 17.1%). Mixed mycotic infections were recovered from 6% of the collected nail specimens. The positive detection rates were significantly different between KOH examinations (52%), nail plate histology (55%), fungal culture (70%) and fluorescent staining (80%). Considering fungal culture as the gold standard, the most sensitive technique was PCR (100%) followed by fluorescent staining (89%), PAS staining (69%) while the least sensitive technique was KOH mount (53%). Fluorescence staining can be used as a rapid and high-yield technique for identification of fungi in the specimens. PCR-based sequencing was highly sensitive and faster compared to culture. Whenever possible, it enables species identification with higher adequacy.
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Bitew A, Osman F, Yassin S. Non-Dermatophyte Mold Dominated Onychomycosis in Patients Attending a Rank Higher Specialized Dermatology Clinic in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2022; 15:507-518. [PMID: 35356385 PMCID: PMC8958195 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s357738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Background Onychomycosis is a common refractory fungal infection associated with significant morbidity. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of onychomycosis, and the diversity and species composition of fungal etiological agents. Materials and Methods A clinic-based, prospective, non-randomized cross-sectional study was carried out between October 2018 and June 2019 at Rank Higher Specialized Dermatology Clinic, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Nail scrapings were collected aseptically from 200 patients clinically identified with nail disorders of fungal origin by dermatologists. Fungal etiological agents were identified microscopically and by culture method following standard procedures. Results Among 200 nail scrapings, 161 (80.5%) samples were found out to be culture positive. Of these, 135 (83.9%) samples yielded single colonies while 26 (16.1%) mixed colonies gave a total of 190 isolates. Among the isolates, 25.8% were dermatophytes while 61.1% were non- dermatophytes molds, and 13.1% were yeasts. Females were more likely to present dystrophic nails than men. Patients in the middle age group were more affected. Trichophyton interdigitale, Aspergillus spp, and Candida albicans were the dominant species. Conclusion The prevalence rate of onychomycosis in the present study was high. The isolation rate of non-dermatophyte molds was higher than dermatophytes and yeasts. Trichophyton interdigitale, Aspergillus spp, and Candida albicans were the dominant etiological agents. Females and patients in the middle age group were more affected. An increase in the prevalence of non-dermatophyte molds in nail infections dictates further investigation demonstrating how this group of fungi causes onychomycosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adane Bitew
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Feruza Osman
- Saint Peter's Specialized Tuberculosis Referral Hospital, Addis Ababa, Addis Ababa Administrative Region, Ethiopia
| | - Seid Yassin
- International Care and Treatment for HIV/AIDS Program, Emergency Operation Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Pereira PP, Nunes Filho M, Moreira TDA, Duarte Silva Malvino L, de Araújo LB, Dos Santos Pedroso R, Ângela Ribeiro M. Hand-foot syndrome and nail disorders secondary to treatment with paclitaxel: Is there a relationship with the presence of fungi? J Oncol Pharm Pract 2021; 28:1798-1806. [PMID: 34590523 DOI: 10.1177/10781552211043752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of nail disorders and the presence of fungi on the nails of the hands and feet of patients with hand-foot syndrome secondary to treatment with paclitaxel. METHODS Prospective study, carried out from October 2018 to December 2019, which included 81 patients undergoing treatment for breast cancer using paclitaxel and had signs and or symptoms of hand-foot syndrome with or without nail disorders. The data were collected through interviews guided by a structured questionnaire, information from medical records and reports of mycological exams. RESULTS The average age of women was 54.7 ± 7.4 years. Nail disorders occurred in 69 patients (85.2%), and of these, 43 (62.3%) were positive for fungi. The fungi were yeasts (n = 38; 69%), dermatophytes (n = 15; 27.2%) and non-dermatophyte filamentous fungi (n = 8; 14.5%). CONCLUSIONS Nail disorders were the most frequent manifestations in patients with hand-foot syndrome treated with paclitaxel and occurred in 85.2% of them. It was evidenced that fungi are present on the nails of these patients and can occur in up to 65.28%. The most prevalent fungi were Candida and Trichophyton. The nail lesion was associated with the type of treatment protocol used by the patient. The results of the study point to the need to select safe management alternatives for patients, so they can prevent nail lesions and prevent the proliferation of fungi, consequently reducing negative life impact during treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Patente Pereira
- Post-graduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Brazil
| | - Mário Nunes Filho
- Multiprofessional Residency Program, Faculty of Medicine, UFU, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Reginaldo Dos Santos Pedroso
- Post-graduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Brazil.,Technical School of Health, UFU, Brazil
| | - Maria Ângela Ribeiro
- Multiprofessional Residency Program, Faculty of Medicine, UFU, Brazil.,Clinical Pharmacy, Hospital das Clínicas, UFU, Brazil
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Sanguino TC, Jarros IC, Negri M. Occurrence of dermatophytoses in patients from the Sistema Único de Saúde. An Bras Dermatol 2019; 94:293-297. [PMID: 31365657 PMCID: PMC6668950 DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20197491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dermatophytosis is a cutaneous disease caused by filamentous keratinophilic fungi belonging to the genera Trichophyton, Microsporum and Epidermophyton, which present a high prevalence in the general population, being among the most common mycoses affecting about 20% of the world's population. OBJECTIVE To carry out the epidemiological survey of cases of dermatophytosis in patients from the Sistema Único de Saúde in a regional Laboratory in the period of 5 years (2009 to 2013). METHODS A retrospective study (January 2009 to December 2013) was carried out with a qualitative and quantitative design, through the registry book of the laboratory, Mycology Sector, where cases of patients with suspected dermatomycosis were analyzed. RESULTS In a 5-year period, a total of 4467 cases were suspected of having a fungal infection. Of these, 68.74% (3071) cases were of dermatomycosis. In relation to cultures with fungal growth, 12.54% (385 cases) were dermatophyte fungi and 7.97% (245 cases) non-dermatophyte fungi were isolated. Among the species identified, there was a higher prevalence of T. rubrum complex (75%), T. mentagrophytes complex (11.68%) and M. canis (7.01%). Regarding the sites analyzed, nail involvement was the most frequent in 75% of the cases. STUDY LIMITATIONS This work is representative in the studied region. CONCLUSIONS Dermatomycosis samples are the most frequent among all samples of fungal infections from these patients, with the nail being the most affected area and the fungi T. rubrum complex and T. mentagrophytes complex the most frequent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talita Carla Sanguino
- Department of Clinical Analyses and Biomedicine, Universidade
Estadual de Maringá, Maringá (PR), Brazil
| | - Isabele Carrilho Jarros
- Department of Clinical Analyses and Biomedicine, Universidade
Estadual de Maringá, Maringá (PR), Brazil
| | - Melyssa Negri
- Department of Clinical Analyses and Biomedicine, Laboratory of
Medical Mycology, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá (PR),
Brazil
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Bitew A, Wolde S. Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Spectrum of Fungi in Patients with Onychomycosis in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Prospective Study. J Trop Med 2019; 2019:3652634. [PMID: 31275400 PMCID: PMC6582801 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3652634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Onychomycosis is a common refractory infection deleteriously affecting quality of life via social stigma and upsetting day-to-day activities. OBJECTIVE To study the prevalence of onychomycosis, spectrum of fungal etiological agents, and associated risk factors. METHODS A prospective nonrandomized study on the prevalence of onychomycosis was carried out from September 2017 to April 2018 at a dermatology center in Addis Ababa. Nail scrapings were collected from 303 patients clinically identified with nail disorders of fungal origin by dermatologists. Fungal etiological agents were identified microscopically and by culture method following standard procedures. RESULTS The prevalence of onychomycosis was 60.4%. Fungi neither were detected nor showed visible fungal growth in 39.6% of the cases. Females were more likely to present dystrophic nails than men. Patients in the middle age group were more affected. The isolation rates of dermatophytes, yeasts, and nondermatophyte molds were 44.7%, 33.3%, and 32.3%, respectively. Trichophyton rubrum, Scytalidium dimidiatum, and Candida albicans were the dominant species of dermatophytes, nondermatophyte molds, and yeasts, respectively. There was no statistically significant association between onychomycosis and risk factors. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence rate of onychomycosis in the present study was high. The isolation rate of nondermatophyte molds was comparable with that of dermatophytes. Further studies on the prevalence of onychomycosis, fungal etiological agents, and changes in species distribution of the etiological agents of nail infection in Ethiopia are important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adane Bitew
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Sinknesh Wolde
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Fay VDS, Gregianini TS, Veiga ABGD, Gonçalves SMB, Rodrigues DM, Bonamigo RR. A 12-year study of fungal infections in Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil. Rev Iberoam Micol 2019; 36:55-60. [PMID: 31014946 DOI: 10.1016/j.riam.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of fungal infections has increased in recent years in Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil. Epidemiological studies are important for proper control of infections. AIMS To evaluate the etiology of fungal infections in patients in RS, from 2003 to 2015. METHODS This is a retrospective and longitudinal study carried out at Mycology Department of Central Laboratory of RS; 13,707 samples were evaluated. The variables sex, age, site of infection, and etiologic agent were analyzed. Susceptibility of Candida to fluconazole was tested in isolates from samples collected in 2015 from 51 outpatients. RESULTS Of the 13,707 samples, 840 cases (6.12%) of fungal infections were found and included in the analyses; female gender accounted for the 55.9% of the cases. The main fungus was Candida albicans (450 cases, 53.38%; p<0.001). Onychomycosis was the most frequent infection in superficial mycoses. Systemic mycoses accounted for 54.05% of the cases, from which 68.8% occurred in males, mainly HIV-positive (33.11%), and the main etiologic agent in these cases was Cryptococcus neoformans (73.13%). Among 51 samples tested for susceptibility to fluconazole, 78.43% of Candida isolates were susceptible; 5.88% were susceptible in a dose-dependent manner, and 15.69% were resistant. CONCLUSIONS C. albicans is a common cause of fungal infections in RS, accounting for half of the cases; resistance to antifungals was found in non-hospitalized patients. In addition, women seem to be more susceptible to fungal infections than men, however men show more systemic mycoses than women. The nails are the most common site of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa da Silva Fay
- LACEN/SES-RS (Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública da Secretaria de Saúde do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Schäffer Gregianini
- LACEN/SES-RS (Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública da Secretaria de Saúde do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Beatriz Gorini da Veiga
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia da Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Stela Maris Bottin Gonçalves
- LACEN/SES-RS (Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública da Secretaria de Saúde do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Diana Mara Rodrigues
- LACEN/SES-RS (Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública da Secretaria de Saúde do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Renan Rangel Bonamigo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia da Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Serviço de Dermatologia da Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Ambulatório de Dermatologia Sanitária da Secretaria de Saúde do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Alvarado Z, Pereira C. Fungal diseases in children and adolescents in a referral centre in Bogota, Colombia. Mycoses 2018; 61:543-548. [DOI: 10.1111/myc.12774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zulma Alvarado
- Mycology Unit; Centro Dermatológico Federico Lleras Acosta, E.S.E.; Bogotá Colombia
| | - Claudia Pereira
- Dermatology Resident; Fundación Universitaria Sanitas; Centro Dermatológico Federico Lleras Acosta, E.S.E.; Bogotá Colombia
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Epidemiology of fungal infections in China. Front Med 2018; 12:58-75. [DOI: 10.1007/s11684-017-0601-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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12
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Ekhtiari M, Farahyar S, Falahati M, Razmjou E, Ashrafi-Khozani M, Ghasemi Z, Abbasi-Nejat Z. The first report of onychomycosis caused by Cryptococcus friedmannii ( Naganishia friedmannii) a basidiomycetous yeast. Med Mycol Case Rep 2017; 15:25-27. [PMID: 28217436 PMCID: PMC5302186 DOI: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 01/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Yeasts are common etiologic agents of onychomycosis. This study reported a case of onychomycosis due to Cryptococcus friedmannii (Naganishia friedmannii). This yeast was isolated of the right great toenail of 57-year-old man. Microscopic examination of nail scrapings showed budding cells with thin capsule. Sequence analyzes of the internal transcribed spacer regions was closely related to Cryptococcus friedmannii. The results of susceptibility testing showed the Cryptococcus friedmannii to be sensitive to fluconazole, itraconazole and amphotericin B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoome Ekhtiari
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Farahyar
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehraban Falahati
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Razmjou
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahtab Ashrafi-Khozani
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Ghasemi
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ziba Abbasi-Nejat
- International Campus, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Deputy of Research and Technology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
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Gupta AK, Daigle D, Carviel JL. The role of biofilms in onychomycosis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2016; 74:1241-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2016.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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14
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Gupta AK, Gupta G, Jain HC, Lynde CW, Foley KA, Daigle D, Cooper EA, Summerbell RC. The prevalence of unsuspected onychomycosis and its causative organisms in a multicentre Canadian sample of 30 000 patients visiting physicians' offices. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2016; 30:1567-72. [PMID: 27168494 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.13677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Onychomycosis is difficult to treat and a concern for many patients. Prevalence estimates of onychomycosis in North American clinic samples have been higher than what has been reported for general populations. OBJECTIVE A large, multicentre study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of toenail onychomycosis in the Canadian population. METHODS Patients were recruited from the offices of three dermatologists and one family physician in Ontario, Canada. Nail samples for mycological testing were obtained from normal and abnormal-looking nails. This sample of 32 193 patients includes our previous published study of 15 000 patients. RESULTS Abnormal nails were observed in 4350 patients. Of these, the prevalence of culture-confirmed toenail onychomycosis was estimated to be 6.7% (95% CI, 6.41-6.96%). Following sex and age adjustments for the general population, the estimated prevalence of toenail onychomycosis in Canada was 6.4% (95% CI, 6.12%-6.65%). The distribution of fungal organisms in culture-confirmed onychomycosis was 71.9% dermatophytes, 20.4% non-dermatophyte moulds and 7.6% yeasts. Toenail onychomycosis was four times more prevalent in those over the age of 60 years than below the age of 60 years. CONCLUSION The present data highlights that onychomycosis may be a growing medical concern among ageing patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Gupta
- University of Toronto Department of Medicine, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Mediprobe Research Inc., London, ON, Canada
| | - G Gupta
- Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - H C Jain
- Private Dermatology Practice, Cambridge, ON, Canada
| | - C W Lynde
- University of Toronto Department of Medicine, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Lynde Institute for Dermatology, Markham, ON, Canada
| | - K A Foley
- Mediprobe Research Inc., London, ON, Canada
| | - D Daigle
- Mediprobe Research Inc., London, ON, Canada
| | - E A Cooper
- Mediprobe Research Inc., London, ON, Canada
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