Prevalência de lesões em atletas do futsal feminino brasileiro: um estudo retrospectivo

Research on women's futsal: a scoping review

The aim of this study was to conduct a comprehensive scoping literature review to provide an overview of the current state of research within women's futsal. We searched four electronic databases (SPORTDiscus, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) up to December 2023. Inclusion criteria comprised original research published in peer-reviewed journals, available in English, Spanish, or Portuguese. The focus was on studies investigating women in futsal, encompassing both players and those in leadership positions, regardless of their age or skill level. The analysis included the authorship (location), population characteristics (number of participants, level of play, and age), themes explored, and primary findings. A total of 692 records were found, but only 175 met the selection criteria. The results highlighted a recent attention in the scientific literature, with the first publications emerging in 2005 and a notable increase since 2016. Strength and Conditioning topics constituted the most frequently explored area, comprising 32% of the studies. Notably, no studies focusing on coaching or management aspects were identified. In terms of the participant population, most studies concentrated on high-level (33%) and senior (84%) players. Few studies have investigated practitioners with disabilities or women in other positions such as coaches or managers. Most of the studies were conducted by Brazilian researchers (60%), indicating the need for investigations in different socio-cultural contexts. The recent academic attention and the upcoming inaugural edition of the FIFA Futsal Women's World CupTM in 2025 reinforce the need for further studies on women's futsal. This review contributes by identifying the scientific gaps that can be explored by future investigations.

Epidemiology of Injuries in Elite Male Futsal Players

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to describe and characterize injuries sustained by elite male futsal players in Portugal.

DESIGN

Prospective cohort study.

SETTING

Top-tier Portuguese league in the 2019 to 2020 season.

PARTICIPANTS

One hundred sixty-seven players from 9 elite/international-level (tier 4) futsal teams.

INDEPENDENT VARIABLES

The location, type, body side, body part, mechanism of injury, severity, occurrence, days lost, training, and match exposure were collected.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES

Injury incidence, prevalence, and burden.

RESULTS

The study was conducted during an 8-month season. A total of 133 injuries were recorded, and 92 (67.6%) players sustained injuries. The overall time-loss injury incidence was 4.5 injuries per 1000 hours of exposure. Injury incidence during matches was higher than during training sessions (25.9 vs 3.0 per 1000 hours of exposure, respectively). Average time loss was 9 days, and moderate injuries were the most frequent (44%), followed by mild injuries (24%). Injury burden was 73.8 days lost per 1000 hours of total player exposure. Sprains/ligament (29%) and muscle rupture/tear/strains (32%) were the most common injuries. The groin (19%), thigh (17%), knee (19%), and ankle (15%) were the most affected body areas. Noncontact injuries were the most reported mechanism (65%), and 24% were overuse injuries.

CONCLUSIONS

This study showed that elite/international-level (tier 4) male futsal players are more prone to noncontact injuries, primarily affecting the lower limbs. The incidence during match play increased by 9-fold compared with training sessions.

Follicular phase of menstrual cycle is related to higher tendency to suffer from severe injuries among elite female futsal players

OBJECTIVE

To describe the injury incidence according to each phase of menstrual cycle (MC) in professional futsal players along two consecutive season and, secondly, to compare the injury incidence and frequency between different phases of the MC.

DESIGN

Prospective cohort study.

SETTINGS

Elite futsal players.

PARTICIPANTS

179 players.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE

Players were registered along two consecutive seasons.

RESULTS

191 injuries were reported throughout both seasons. The injury incidence was 30.63 days-off during the follicular phase, 23.6 during ovulatory phase and 17.59 days-off in luteal phase, showing higher incidence during the follicular phase. No statistical differences (p > 0.05) were reported for any variable comparing among the three phases of MC.

CONCLUSIONS

This study suggests the relevance to track the MC, but reduces its possible relationship or influence on the injury distribution during each phase of the MC. The knowledge of injury incidence, burden and etiology is a key factor to design injury prevention programs with the focus on the most common injuries, where MC could be included as a complementary factor.

The effect of a neuromuscular warm-up on the injury rates in New Zealand amateur futsal players

OBJECTIVES

To investigate the effectiveness of a futsal-specific warm-up to reduce injuries in amateur teams.

DESIGN

Quasi-experimental.

SETTING

Two futsal centres followed over one season using a specific report card.

PARTICIPANTS

878 teams (Intervention group, n = 458; Control group, n = 420) of both genders and three age groups (U13, U17, adults).

INTERVENTION

A futsal-specific warm-up consisting of cardiovascular exercises, dynamic stretches, and game-related skills.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES

The incidence rate and severity of all injuries, lower extremity (LE) injuries and contact injuries. A multivariate Poisson regression analysis was used to compare between-group rates.

RESULTS

The rate of all injuries was lower in the intervention group (rate ratio (RR) = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.59 to 1.06), yet not significant. There was a significantly lower rate of contact injuries in the intervention group (RR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.51 to 0.98). Subgroup analysis, based on the warm-up adherence of intervention teams (low, intermediate, high), showed a lower rate of all injuries (RR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.29 to 0.97), and LE injuries (RR = 0.32, 95% CI = 0.14 to 0.81) in the high compared to low adherence group.

CONCLUSION

A futsal-specific warm-up can reduce the rate of contact injuries in amateur players. With high adherence the rate of all injuries and LE injuries may also reduce.

Perceptions of the technical staff of professional teams regarding injury prevention in Spanish national futsal leagues: a cross-sectional study

Futsal is a sport with increasing popularity and level of performance, both in male and female categories. Also, there are several injuries along a season, so it is needed to know how to reduce this burden. The purpose of this study was to describe the perceptions of technical staff on injury risk factors, risk testing and preventive measures, and the strategies used by them within professional male and female futsal teams. A cross-sectional study was designed during the 2017–2018 season. A total of 32 futsal teams involved in male and female Spanish national futsal leagues completed, through an online survey platform, a questionnaire about injury risk factors, risk testing and preventive measures. Findings showed that: (a) most teams reported enough human resources, but insufficient material and time resources, (b) the main risk factors detected were previous injuries, strength deficits and dehydration, (c) functional movement patterns, flexibility tests and self-report questionnaires were the most applied tests for detecting injury risks in their players and (d) most of the main preventive measures used by technical staff matched with the best valued by them. Technical staff defined properly the main risk factors in futsal performance, as well as they applied preventive strategies with scientific support. The information provided in this research could be of interest for sport scientists and technical staff when designing more accurate and efficient injury prevention programs in futsal.

Análise do equilíbrio postural e força muscular isocinética de joelho em atletas de futsal feminino

RESUMO O futebol de salão (futsal) representa, atualmente, o esporte com maior número de praticantes, fator que implica grande surgimento de lesões. Assim, é relevante identificar variáveis que podem predispor o atleta ao desenvolvimento de lesões, como o equilíbrio e a força muscular. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar o equilíbrio postural e a força muscular isocinética do joelho em atletas amadoras de futsal feminino - foram avaliadas 12 atletas (22,07±3,61 anos) -, e verificar se existe associação entre essas variáveis. Mediu-se a força muscular com um dinamômetro isocinético, e o equilíbrio, por meio da posturografia dinâmica computadorizada, com testes de organização sensorial (TOS), de controle motor e unilateral. As atletas mostraram maior dependência visual para manter o equilíbrio, percebida nas condições do teste unilateral com restrição visual. Possivelmente, essa situação indica que o sistema somatossensorial e/ou vestibular das atletas foi afetado por fatores associados ao treinamento físico e à participação em competições. Quanto às variáveis de força muscular isocinética, não houve indicação de desequilíbrio muscular pela relação agonista-antagonista no membro inferior dominante (53,8±8,4%), nem no não dominante (55,1±10,9%). Houve associação entre equilíbrio e variáveis de força isocinética, indicando que quanto maior a potência muscular, melhor o nível proprioceptivo (condição 4 do TOS) e, quanto maior o trabalho total, melhor o estado dos sistemas proprioceptivo e vestibular (condição 5 do TOS).

Index of fatigue quadriceps in soccer athletes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

OBJECTIVE

The present study aimed to evaluate the muscle fatigue of the quadriceps muscle in high-performance soccer players undergoing (anterior cruciate ligament) ACL reconstruction.

METHODS

We evaluated 17 high-performance soccer players from three professional soccer teams of a state in Brazil from August 2011 to July 2012. All subjects were evaluated between 5.5 and 7 months after ACL reconstruction with a Biodex® isokinetic dynamometer (System 4 Pro) with test protocol CON/CON at 60°/s and 300°/s with 5 and 15 repetitions, respectively. In the calculation of local muscle fatigue, the fatigue index was used, which is calculated by dividing the labor done in the first one-third of the repetitions by that done at the final one-third of the repetitions, and multiplying by 100 to express a unit in percentage (i.e., as a discrete quantitative variable).

RESULTS

All subjects were male, with a mean age of 21.3 ± 4.4 years and mean BMI 23.4 ± 1.53 cm; left dominance was observed in 47% (n = 8) of athletes, and right dominance, in 53% (n = 9) of athletes; and the limb involved in the lesion was the dominant in 29% (n = 5) and the non-dominant in 71% (n = 12). Fatigue rates were 19.6% in the involved limb and 29.0% in the non-involved limb.

CONCLUSION

The results allow us to conclude that there was no significant difference between the limbs involved and not in ACL injuries regarding local muscle fatigue. No association was observed between the dominant side and the limb involved in the ACL injury.