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Nabil Sulyiman S, El-Rashidy AA, El Moshy S, Abbas MMS, Waly G. Nano eggshell-based slurry as a direct pulp-capping material: In vitro characterization and histopathological assessment in an experimental animal model. Int Endod J 2023; 56:1129-1146. [PMID: 37358385 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
AIM Pulp vitality is essential for tooth integrity. Following pulp exposure, choosing a suitable pulp-capping material is crucial to maintain pulp vitality. However, the reparative dentine bridge created by calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2 ) is generally porous and incomplete. The aim of the current study is to assess the in vitro and in vivo bioactivities of nano eggshell-based slurry (NES), using NES as a direct pulp-capping material, compared with Ca(OH)2 in rabbit animal model. METHODOLOGY Nano eggshell powder (NE) was characterized for particle morphology, chemical composition and ion release. In vitro bioactivity was tested by immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 7 days. For histopathological evaluation, 36 adult New Zealand rabbits (72 pulp exposures) were divided into nine groups (n = 8) according to the pulp-capping material (NES, Ca(OH)2 and no capping as negative control group) and the animals were sacrificed after 7, 14 or 28 days. The pulps of the two lower central incisors were exposed and then directly capped by Ca(OH)2 or NES or left untreated. The cavities were then sealed with glass ionomer cement. Teeth were collected for histopathological evaluation using an optical microscope. Pulp haemorrhage, inflammation, fibrosis and calcific bridge formation were assessed. Results were statistically analysed using anova and Tukey's tests. RESULTS Nano eggshell particles were spherical with a 20 nm diameter and were composed mainly of calcite. Statistical analysis showed that there was a significant increase in the release of all investigated ions between days 1 and 28, except for copper. NES group showed a significantly higher release of all elements as compared to Ca(OH)2 . Environmental scanning electron microscope micrographs of NES incubated for 7 days in SBF showed the formation of HAp with a Ca/P ratio (1.686). For histopathological evaluation, the difference between groups was statistically significant. At day 28, 75% of the pulps of the Ca(OH)2 group showed mild calcific bridge in comparison with 100% moderate calcific bridge in the NES group. The NES group showed significantly less inflammation at days 7 and 28, and higher fibrosis at day 7 compared with Ca(OH)2 . CONCLUSIONS Nano eggshell-based slurry represents a promising novel direct pulp-capping material with favourable pulp tissue response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aiah A El-Rashidy
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo university, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sara El Moshy
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo university, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa M S Abbas
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo university, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gihan Waly
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo university, Cairo, Egypt
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A Comparative Study of the Solubility and Sorption Properties of Resin Modified Glass Ionomer and a Bioactive Liner. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN DENTAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.52547/jrdms.7.3.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Chen X, Zhang H, Zhong J, Yan W, Lin B, Ding M, Xue S, Xia B. Comparison of indirect pulp treatment and iRoot BP Plus pulpotomy in primary teeth with extremely deep caries: a prospective randomized trial. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 25:3067-3076. [PMID: 33063220 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03627-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this randomized controlled trial was to compare the 24-month success rates of indirect pulp treatment (IPT) and iRoot BP Plus pulpotomy of primary molars with extremely deep caries. MATERIALS AND METHODS Generally healthy children aged 3-7 years requiring general anesthesia for treating primary molars with extremely deep caries or reversible pulpitis were recruited. Patients with systemic disease, mental health problems, or manifestations of irreversible pulpitis were excluded. In total, 175 molars were randomized and blinded for either IPT (n = 87) or iRoot BP Plus pulpotomy (n = 88). All teeth were restored with stainless steel crowns and evaluated after 6, 12, 18, and 24 months by two blinded calibrated investigators. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to compare the survival rates between the groups. The correlations between success rate and patient characteristics were explored with the Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS A total of 168 primary molars in 67 patients (average age: 3.83 years) were evaluated. The cumulative survival probability at 24 months was not significantly different between the IPT (93.8%) and pulpotomy (97.7%) groups (P = 0.238). IPT treatment success was significantly associated with age (odds ratio = 2.347; 95% CI: 1.068-5.156; P = 0.034) and preoperative sensitivity (odds ratio = 9.742; 95% CI: 1.079-87.970; P = 0.043). CONCLUSIONS The 24-month success rates of IPT and iRoot BP Plus pulpotomy performed in primary molars with extremely deep caries were not significantly different. Increasing age and preoperative sensitivity were found to be associated with the cumulative survival probability in IPT-treated primary molars with extremely deep caries. Primary teeth with extremely deep carious lesions without signs of irreversible pulpitis can be treated successfully by either indirect pulp capping or iRoot BP Plus pulpotomy. TRIAL REGISTRATION ChiCTR2000032462.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxian Chen
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, First Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jia No.37 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, First Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jia No.37 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Jie Zhong
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, First Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jia No.37 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Wenjuan Yan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, First Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jia No.37 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Bichen Lin
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, First Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jia No.37 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Meili Ding
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, First Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jia No.37 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Shihua Xue
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, First Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jia No.37 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Bin Xia
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Zhongguancun South Avenue 22, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Roelianto M, Wahjuningrum DA, Pamungkas YB, Zubaidah N, Permatasari RI, Dianti E. In vivo Study of Sealing Capability of Raw Propolis Extract and Calcium Hydroxide on Dentin Surface. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2020; 12:335-341. [PMID: 32884357 PMCID: PMC7442967 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s243714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim This research aimed to investigate the differences in the sealing capability of propolis extracts and Ca(OH)2 on dentin surfaces. Materials and Methods Eighteen mandible incisors of Wistar rats were prepared at a depth of 0.5 mm after which they were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=6) including control (C), pulp-capped with Ca(OH)2 group (P1), and indirect pulp-capped with propolis extract group (P2). All the cavities were sealed with glass ionomer restorative cement. Moreover, the sections of the teeth were obtained after six Wistar Rats from each group were sacrificed on the second day after treatment. The rats’ incisors were cleaved transversally to the area where Ca(OH)2 and propolis extract bonded with dentin for the SEM (scanning electron microscope) analysis and examined using microphotographs test with 5000x magnification. All the samples were measured and examined with spectrophotometry test to determine the bonding distance between Ca(OH)2 and dentin, as well as propolis extract and dentin. The result from the two tests was analyzed with SPSS using an independent t-test at p <0.05. Results There were significant differences between the calcium hydroxide and propolis extract groups (p<0.05) based on the results obtained in the form of spectrums chemical functional groups of spectrophotometry examination. No new chemical bonding or compound was also observed to have been formed between propolis extract with dentin as well as calcium hydroxide with dentin. Conclusion The adaptation or sealing capability of propolis extract was found to be better than calcium hydroxide to the dentin surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhamad Roelianto
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Jawa Timur 60132, Indonesia
| | - Dian Agustin Wahjuningrum
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Jawa Timur 60132, Indonesia
| | - Yusuf Bagus Pamungkas
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Jawa Timur 60132, Indonesia
| | - Nanik Zubaidah
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Jawa Timur 60132, Indonesia
| | - Ryza Indah Permatasari
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Jawa Timur 60132, Indonesia
| | - Eska Dianti
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Jawa Timur 60132, Indonesia
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Araújo IDT, Soares RB, Lopes CP, Ferreira IÁ, Borges BCD. Influence of exposure to phosphoric and polyacrylic acids on selected microscopic and physical/chemical properties of calcium hydroxide cements. Eur Oral Res 2020; 54:69-76. [PMID: 33474550 PMCID: PMC7787514 DOI: 10.26650/eor.20200057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate if the contact of calcium hydroxide cements with
polyacrylic and phosphoric acids would alter selected microscopic and physical
and chemical properties. Materials and methods: Chemically activated (Hydro C and Dycal Advanced Formula II) and resin-modified
photoactivated (Ultra-blend Plus) calcium hydroxide cements were examined after
exposure to the following different strategies: contact with no substance (control
group); rinsing with water and drying; contact with polyacrylic acid, rinsing with
water, and drying; and contact with phosphoric acid, rinsing with water, and drying.
Surface morphology, determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), water
sorption and solubility, and the release of hydroxyl ions were evaluated. Results: SEM showed a greater impact of the conditioning acids on the surface of the
chemically activated cements. Ultra-blend Plus obtained the highest value of
sorption (516.8 μg/mm3) and solubility (381.1 μg/mm3) and Hydro C had the lowest
values 251.9 μg/mm3 and 206.3 μg/mm3 respectively. Considering the release of
hydroxyl ions in comparison with time, Hydro C and Ultra-blend Plus presented
significant statistical difference for polyacrylic and phosphoric acid subgroups. Conclusion: Hydro C and Dycal presented intensification of surface irregularities after contact
with conditioning acids. The chemically activated materials suffered a decrease
in sorption and solubility. The action of the conditioning acids promotes greater
increase of the release of hydroxyl ions for Hydro C and Dycal.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Renato Barbosa Soares
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN,Brazil
| | - Camila Pessoa Lopes
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN,Brazil
| | - Isana Álvares Ferreira
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN,Brazil
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Silva LLCE, Cosme-Silva L, Sakai VT, Lopes CS, Silveira APPD, Moretti Neto RT, Gomes-Filho JE, Oliveira TM, Moretti ABDS. Comparison between calcium hydroxide mixtures and mineral trioxide aggregate in primary teeth pulpotomy: a randomized controlled trial. J Appl Oral Sci 2019; 27:e20180030. [PMID: 31116277 PMCID: PMC6534371 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2018-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of calcium hydroxide (CH) associated with two different vehicles as a capping material for pulp tissue in primary molars, compared with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). METHODOLOGY Forty-five primary mandibular molars with dental caries were treated by conventional pulpotomy using one of the following materials: MTA only (MTA group), CH with saline (CH+saline group) and CH with polyethylene glycol (CH+PEG group) (15 teeth/group). Clinical and periapical radiographic examinations of the pulpotomized teeth were performed 3, 6, and 12 months after treatment. Data were tested by chi-squared analysis and a multiple comparison post-test. RESULTS The MTA group showed both clinical and radiographic treatment success in 14/14 teeth (100%), at all follow-up appointments. By clinical evaluation, no teeth in the CH+saline and CH+PEG groups had signs of mobility, fistula, swelling or inflammation of the surrounding gingival tissue. However, in the CH+saline group, radiographic analysis detected internal resorption in up to 9/15 teeth (67%), and inter-radicular bone resorption and furcation radiolucency in up to 5/15 teeth (36%), from 3 to 12 months of follow-up. In the CH+PEG group, 2/11 teeth (18%) had internal resorption and 1/11 teeth (9%) presented bone resorption and furcation radiolucency at all follow-up appointments. CONCLUSION CH with PEG performed better than CH with saline as capping material for pulpotomy of primary teeth. However, both combinations yielded clinical and radiographic results inferior to those of MTA alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidiane Lucas Costa E Silva
- Universidade Federal de Alfenas (UNIFAL), Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Leopoldo Cosme-Silva
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, Departamento de Dentística Restauradora - Endodontia, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Vivien Thiemy Sakai
- Universidade Federal de Alfenas (UNIFAL), Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Camila Soares Lopes
- Universidade Federal de Alfenas (UNIFAL), Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Ana Paula Pereira da Silveira
- Universidade Federal de Alfenas (UNIFAL), Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Rafael Tobias Moretti Neto
- Universidade Federal de Alfenas (UNIFAL), Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - João Eduardo Gomes-Filho
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, Departamento de Dentística Restauradora - Endodontia, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Thais Marchini Oliveira
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru, Departamento de Odontopediatria, Ortodontia e Saúde Coletiva, Bauru, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Ana Beatriz da Silveira Moretti
- Universidade Federal de Alfenas (UNIFAL), Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brasil
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PEREIRA KDF, CRUVINEL RFDS, DANTAS AAR, KUGA MC. Evaluation of calcium release and pH value of light-cured cavity liners for pulp-capping materials. REVISTA DE ODONTOLOGIA DA UNESP 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-2577.06218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Introduction Cavity liners based calcium hydroxide present low strength and high solubility that is consider a disadvantage. In order to enhance these properties it was developed a light-cured cavity liner based calcium hydroxide containing resin. Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pH and calcium release of light-cured cavity liners. Material and method There were prepared specimens (n=10) with the Ultra-Blend ® plus, Biocal® (light cured cements) and Hydro C® (control). The samples were stored in 10 mL of distilled water and maintained at 37 °C. After 24 hours, 7, and 14 days, there were analyzed pH and the release of calcium levels. The data were statistically analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey test (α = 0.05). Result The results of pH showed Hydro C > Ultra-Blend plus > Biocal. Biocal presented worst calcium release. Conclusion Light-cured materials present lower calcium release and alteration in pH values.
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Dawood AE, Manton DJ, Parashos P, Wong R, Palamara J, Stanton DP, Reynolds EC. The physical properties and ion release of CPP-ACP-modified calcium silicate-based cements. Aust Dent J 2018; 60:434-44. [PMID: 25424362 DOI: 10.1111/adj.12255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated the physical properties and ion release of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP)-modified calcium silicate-based cements (CSCs) and compared the properties of a trial mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) with two commercially available CSCs, Biodentine(™) and Angelus(®) MTA. METHODS The setting time, solubility, compressive strength and Vickers surface microhardness of the three CSCs incorporated with 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 2.0% and 3.0% (w/w) CPP-ACP were investigated. Release of calcium (Ca(2+) ), phosphate ions (Pi ) and pH of the test cements were measured after 24, 72, 168 and 336 h of storage. RESULTS The addition of up to 1.0% CPP-ACP into Biodentine(™) and 0.5% into the other cements did not adversely affect their physical properties except for the setting time. The addition of 0.5% CPP-ACP increased Ca(2+) released from Biodentine(™) (after 168 and 336 h), Angelus(®) MTA (after 168 h) and the trial MTA (after 72 h). The addition of 1.0-3.0% CPP-ACP increased Ca(2+) and Pi released from all the cements. Biodentine(™) released more Ca(2+) particularly in the early stages and showed shorter setting time and higher mechanical properties than the other cements. The mechanical properties of Angelus(®) MTA and the trial MTA were similar. All the cements produced highly alkaline storage solutions. CONCLUSIONS Up to 1.0% CPP-ACP in Biodentine(™) improves Ca(2+) and Pi release and 0.5% CPP-ACP in Angelus(®) MTA and the trial MTA improves Ca(2+) release without altering the mechanical properties and solubility. The addition of CPP-ACP into CSCs prolonged the setting time.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Dawood
- Oral Health CRC, Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria
| | - D J Manton
- Oral Health CRC, Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria
| | - P Parashos
- Oral Health CRC, Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria
| | - Rhk Wong
- Oral Health CRC, Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria
| | - Jea Palamara
- Oral Health CRC, Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria
| | - D P Stanton
- Oral Health CRC, Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria
| | - E C Reynolds
- Oral Health CRC, Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria
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de Souza GF, Arrais AB, Aragão CFS, Ferreira IA, Borges BCD. Physical-Mechanical Properties and Micromorphology of Calcium Cements Exposed to Polyacrylic and Phosphoric Acids. SCANNING 2018; 2018:3197510. [PMID: 29854041 PMCID: PMC5966664 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3197510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate if physical and mechanical properties of self-curing calcium hydroxide cements were affected by contact with polyacrylic and phosphoric acids. MATERIALS AND METHODS Resin-containing (Life (LF)) and resin-free (Hydro C (HyC)) materials were subjected to polyacrylic acid conditioning and rinsing (POL); phosphoric acid conditioning and rinsing (PHO); rinsing only; and no treatment (n = 10). Water sorption/solubility, release of hydroxyl ions (pH), roughness (Ra), and impact resistance were evaluated. Additional samples (n = 1) were prepared for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of the surface morphology. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test (P < 0.05). RESULTS Water sorption was significantly higher for LF when in contact with PHO and lower for POL (P < 0.05). The mean solubility was higher with POL for both cements (P < 0.05). PHO increased the mean surface roughness for HyC (P < 0.01); a significant decrease was noted for LF after contact with both acids (P < 0.01). PHO promoted lower release of hydroxyl ions on both cements (P < 0.05). For LF, rinsing, PHO, and POL presented similar morphology, differing from the control group. For HyC, PHO and POL presented similar morphology, differing from the control group. CONCLUSIONS PHO had a negative effect on the physical properties of the cements tested, except for the solubility test. POL affected roughness and solubility of HyC cement. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Clinical procedures that require polyacrylic and phosphoric acid conditioning must be done carefully on self-curing calcium hydroxide cements in order to avoid negative impact on their properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Beatriz Arrais
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | | | - Isana Alvares Ferreira
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
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Soares CJ, Ferreira MS, Bicalho AA, de Paula Rodrigues M, Braga S, Versluis A. Effect of Light Activation of Pulp-Capping Materials and Resin Composite on Dentin Deformation and the Pulp Temperature Change. Oper Dent 2017; 43:71-80. [PMID: 28976847 DOI: 10.2341/16-325-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To analyze the effect of pulp-capping materials and resin composite light activation on strain and temperature development in the pulp and on the interfacial integrity at the pulpal floor/pulp-capping materials in large molar class II cavities. METHODS Forty extracted molars received large mesio-occlusal-distal (MOD) cavity bur preparation with 1.0 mm of dentin remaining at the pulp floor. Four pulp-capping materials (self-etching adhesive system, Clearfil SE Bond [CLE], Kuraray), two light-curing calcium hydroxide cements (BioCal [BIO], Biodinâmica, and Ultra-Blend Plus [ULT], Ultradent), and a resin-modified glass ionomer cement- (Vitrebond [VIT], 3M ESPE) were applied on the pulpal floor. The cavities were incrementally restored with resin composite (Filtek Z350 XT, 3M ESPE). Thermocouple (n=10) and strain gauge (n=10) were placed inside the pulp chamber in contact with the top of the pulpal floor to detect temperature changes and dentin strain during light curing of the pulp-capping materials and during resin composite restoration. Exotherm was calculated by subtracting postcure from polymerization temperature (n=10). Interface integrity at the pulpal floor was investigated using micro-CT (SkyScan 1272, Bruker). The degree of cure of capping materials was calculated using the Fourier transform infrared and attenuated total reflectance cell. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance followed by the Tukey test (α=0.05). RESULTS Pulpal dentin strains (μs) during light curing of CLE were higher than for other pulp-capping materials ( p<0.001). During resin composite light activation, the pulpal dentin strain increased for ULT, VIT, and CLE and decreased for BIO. The pulpal dentin strain was significantly higher during pulp-capping light activation. The temperature inside the pulp chamber increased approximately 3.5°C after light curing the pulp-capping materials and approximately 2.1°C after final restoration. Pulp-capping material type had no influence temperature increase. The micro-CT showed perfect interfacial integrity after restoration for CLE and ULT; however, gaps were found between BIO and pulpal floor in all specimens. BIO had a significantly lower degree of conversion than ULT, VIT, and CLE. CONCLUSIONS Light curing of pulp-capping materials caused deformation of pulpal dentin and increased pulpal temperature in large MOD cavities. Shrinkage of the resin composite restoration caused debonding of BIO from the pulpal floor.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE This review integrates the literature on cavity liners and current concepts of pulp protection with the aim of establishing a better understanding of the role of calcium hydroxide as a cavity liner. MATERIALS AND METHODS A search was conducted through PubMed, MEDLINE, and Ovid for articles with the criteria for the following terms: cavity liners and bases, pulp protection, and calcium hydroxide liners. No specific inclusion or exclusion criteria were applied as to what articles would be included in this review. It was hoped that the extent of the literature reviewed would be as comprehensive as possible. CONCLUSION This review underlines the fact that calcium hydroxide liners should only be used in the deepest spots in the cavity where the remaining dentine thickness is ≤0.5 mm. A protective layer of resin-modified glass ionomer should always follow the application of calcium hydroxide liners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naji Ziad Arandi
- Faculty of Dentistry, The Arab American University, Jenin, Palestine
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Koc Vural U, Kiremitci A, Gokalp S. Randomized Clinical Trial to Evaluate MTA Indirect Pulp Capping in Deep Caries Lesions After 24-Months. Oper Dent 2017; 42:470-477. [PMID: 28581920 DOI: 10.2341/16-110-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This clinical study aimed to assess the efficacies of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] in the treatment of deep carious lesions by the direct complete caries removal technique. METHODS AND MATERIALS A total of 100 permanent molar/premolar teeth were capped with either Ca(OH)2 (n=49) or MTA (n=51) and restored with composite resin in 73 patients. Periapical radiographs were acquired prior to the treatment as well as at six, 12, and 24 months posttreatment. Two calibrated examiners performed the clinical and radiographic assessment of the periapical pathology and pulpal symptoms. Intergroup comparisons of the observed values were performed using the Fisher exact test. Significance was predetermined at α = 0.05. RESULTS The recall rates were 100% at six and 12 months posttreatment and 98.6% at 24 months posttreatment. Four teeth capped with Ca(OH)2 (two each at six and 12 months posttreatment) and two capped with MTA (one each at 12 and 24 months posttreatment) received endodontic emergency treatment because of symptoms of irreversible pulpitis, which were clinically and/or radiographically established. There were no significant differences in pulp vitality between the two pulp-capping agents at six, 12, or 24 months posttreatment (p=0.238, p=0.606, and p=0.427, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Both pulp-capping materials were found to be clinically acceptable at 24 months posttreatment.
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Genari B, Leitune VCB, Jornada DS, Camassola M, Pohlmann AR, Guterres SS, Samuel SMW, Collares FM. Effect of indomethacin-loaded nanocapsules incorporation in a dentin adhesive resin. Clin Oral Investig 2016; 21:437-446. [PMID: 27068412 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-016-1810-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to produce indomethacin-loaded nanocapsules (IndOH-NCs) and evaluate the influence of their incorporation into an adhesive resin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Indomethacin was encapsulated by the deposition of preformed polymer. IndOH-NCs were characterized by laser diffractometry, Fourier transformed infrared spectrometry, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and MTT assay. Nanocapsules (NCs) were incorporated into an adhesive in concentrations of 1, 2, 5, and 10 %. The addition was visualized by TEM and drug release was evaluated by HPLC until 120 h of immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF). Drug diffusion through dentin was tested using a Franz diffusion cell apparatus and quantified by HPLC. The degree of conversion (DC), softening in ethanol, and microtensile bond strength (μTBS) were evaluated to determine whether the nanocapsules influenced the adhesive. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test for DC, softening in ethanol, μTBS, and cytotoxicity, and paired t test for comparison between the initial and final Knoop microhardness. RESULTS IndOH-NCs, with a spherical shape and a mean diameter of 165 nm, were incorporated into an adhesive. Indomethacin content was 7 mg drug/g powder. IndOH-NCs maintained high cell viability. At 120 h, an amount of 13.83 % of indomethacin was released, and after 7 days, 7.07 % of this drug was diffused through dentin for an adhesive containing 10 % of nanocapsules. No alteration in the DC, softening in ethanol, and μTBS resulted from NC addition. CONCLUSIONS IndOH-NCs may be incorporated into adhesive systems, without compromising properties, to add an anti-inflammatory drug controlled release for restorative procedures in deep cavities. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Here is the first step toward the goal of providing agents to act at an inflammatory process of pulp tissue through dental adhesives via encapsulation of drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Genari
- Dental Materials Laboratory, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ramiro Barcelos Street, Porto Alegre, RS, 2492, Brazil
| | - Vicente Castelo Branco Leitune
- Dental Materials Laboratory, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ramiro Barcelos Street, Porto Alegre, RS, 2492, Brazil
| | | | - Melissa Camassola
- Laboratory of stem cells and tissue engineering, Universidade Luterana do Brazil, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Adriana Raffin Pohlmann
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Susana Maria Werner Samuel
- Dental Materials Laboratory, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ramiro Barcelos Street, Porto Alegre, RS, 2492, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Mezzomo Collares
- Dental Materials Laboratory, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ramiro Barcelos Street, Porto Alegre, RS, 2492, Brazil.
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Synthesis and catalytic activity of hydration–dehydration treated clamshell derived CaO for biodiesel production. Chem Eng Res Des 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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15
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Zayed M, Hassan R, Riad M. Evaluation of the antibacterial efficacy of different bioactive lining and pulp capping agents. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tdj.2015.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Calcium Silicate and Calcium Hydroxide Materials for Pulp Capping: Biointeractivity, Porosity, Solubility and Bioactivity of Current Formulations. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2015; 13:43-60. [DOI: 10.5301/jabfm.5000201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The chemical-physical properties of novel and long-standing calcium silicate cements versus conventional pulp capping calcium hydroxide biomaterials were compared. Methods Calcium hydroxide–based (Calxyl, Dycal, Life, Lime-Lite) and calcium silicate–based (ProRoot MTA, MTA Angelus, MTA Plus, Biodentine, Tech Biosealer capping, TheraCal) biomaterials were examined. Calcium and hydroxyl ion release, water sorption, interconnected open pores, apparent porosity, solubility and apatite-forming ability in simulated body fluid were evaluated. Results All calcium silicate materials released more calcium. Tech Biosealer capping, MTA Plus gel and Biodentine showed the highest values of calcium release, while Lime-Lite the lowest. All the materials showed alkalizing activity except for Life and Lime-Lite. Calcium silicate materials showed high porosity values: Tech Biosealer capping, MTA Plus gel and MTA Angelus showed the highest values of porosity, water sorption and solubility, while TheraCal the lowest. The solubility of water-containing materials was higher and correlated with the liquid-to-powder ratio. Calcium phosphate (CaP) deposits were noted on materials surfaces after short aging times. Scant deposits were detected on Lime-Lite. A CaP coating composed of spherulites was detected on all calcium silicate materials and Dycal after 28 days. The thickness, continuity and Ca/P ratio differed markedly among the materials. MTA Plus showed the thickest coating, ProRoot MTA showed large spherulitic deposits, while TheraCal presented very small dense spherulites. Conclusions calcium silicate-based cements are biointeractive (ion-releasing) bioactive (apatite-forming) functional biomaterials. The high rate of calcium release and the fast formation of apatite may well explain the role of calcium silicate biomaterials as scaffold to induce new dentin bridge formation and clinical healing.
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Ion Release, Porosity, Solubility, and Bioactivity of MTA Plus Tricalcium Silicate. J Endod 2014; 40:1632-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Revised: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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18
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Bargrizan M, Mirkarimi M, Rezamand M, Eskandarion S. Microleakage and Micrographic Evaluation of Composite Restorations with Various Bases over ZOE Layer in Pulpotomized Primary Molars. JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY (TEHRAN, IRAN) 2011; 8:178-85. [PMID: 22509457 PMCID: PMC3320753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2011] [Accepted: 09/21/2011] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) under composite restorations should be covered with a suitable material in order to prevent the harmful effect of ZOE on the composite. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate microleakage of composite restorations in pulpotomized primary molars with different bases for covering the ZOE layer and to assess the distance between different layers. MATERIALS AND METHODS Proximo-occlusal cavities were prepared in 78 extracted second primary molars. Carious lesions were removed and pulpotomy was carried out. Zinc oxide eugenol paste was placed in 2-mm thickness. The teeth were randomly divided in 6 groups and restored as follows: 1. Light-cured composite; 2. Resin-modified glass-ionomer and composite resin; 3. Glass-ionomer and composite resin; 4. Light-cured calcium hydroxide and composite resin; 5. Calcium hydroxide and composite resin; 6. Amalgam and composite resin. The restored specimens were thermocycled for 500 cycles (5°C/55°C) and microleakage was assessed by dye penetration technique. Three specimens from each group were processed for scanning electron microscope evaluation to determine the distance between the layers. The results were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests. RESULTS Microleakage assessment revealed significant differences between the groups (P=0.04), with the amalgam group exhibiting the lowest microleakage values. In SEM micrographs no significant differences were observed in the distance between ZOE base layers (P=0.94) and base-composite layers (P=0.47); however, the amalgam group had the lowest distances. CONCLUSION The use of amalgam over zinc oxide eugenol layer in pulpotomized primary molars decreases microleakage.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Bargrizan
- Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Corresponding author: M. Bargrizan, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M. Mirkarimi
- Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | | | - S. Eskandarion
- Assistant Professor, Department of Dental Materials, Shahid Beheshti University Of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Camargo SEA, Rode SDM, do Prado RF, Carvalho YR, Camargo CHR. Subcutaneous tissue reaction to castor oil bean and calcium hydroxide in rats. J Appl Oral Sci 2010; 18:273-8. [PMID: 20857007 PMCID: PMC5349050 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-77572010000300014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2009] [Accepted: 04/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Castor oil bean cement (COB) is a new material that has been used as an endodontic sealer, and is a candidate material for direct pulp capping. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of a new formulation of COB compared to calcium hydroxide cement (CH) and a control group without any material, in the subcutaneous tissue of rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS The materials were prepared, packed into polyethylene tubes, and implanted in the rat dorsal subcutaneous tissue. Animals were sacrificed at the 7th and 50th days after implantation. A quantitative analysis of inflammatory cells was performed and data were subjected to ANOVA and Tukey's tests at 5% significance level. RESULTS Comparing the mean number of inflammatory cells between the two experimental groups (COB and CH) and the control group, statistically significant difference (p=0.0001) was observed at 7 and 50 days. There were no significant differences (p=0.111) between tissue reaction to CH (382 inflammatory cells) and COB (330 inflammatory cells) after 7 days. After 50 days, significantly more inflammatory cells (p=0.02) were observed in the CH group (404 inflammatory cells) than in the COB group (177 inflammatory cells). CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that the COB cement induces less inflammatory response within long periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Esteves Afonso Camargo
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, São José dos Campos Dental School, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
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