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An S, Evans JL, Hamlet S, Love RM. Overview of incorporation of inorganic antimicrobial materials in denture base resin: A scoping review. J Prosthet Dent 2023; 130:202-211. [PMID: 34756425 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2021.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Dental hygiene for institutionalized patients and recurring Candida-associated denture stomatitis remain problematic because of a patient's limited dexterity or inability to eliminate Candida from denture surfaces. Although there has been extensive research into antimicrobial modification of denture base resins with inorganic materials, scoping reviews of the literature to identify knowledge gaps or efficacy of inorganic antimicrobial materials in denture base resins are lacking. PURPOSE The purpose of this scoping review was to provide a synopsis of the efficacy of the major classes of inorganic antimicrobial materials currently incorporated into denture base resins. MATERIAL AND METHODS The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) extension for scoping reviews was applied. Four electronic databases, including Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, were accessed for articles in the English language, up to February 2019, without restrictions on the date of publication. RESULTS From the 53 articles selected, 25 distinguishable inorganic materials were found and divided into 3 subgroups. Forty-three articles evaluated nanomaterials, where mostly silver ion nanoparticles and/or titanium dioxide nanoparticles were incorporated into denture base resins. Fourteen articles examined antimicrobial drugs and medications, including azole group medications, amphotericin-B, Bactekiller, chlorhexidine, Novaron, and Zeomic. Two articles classified as others explored hydroxyapatite- and fiber-incorporated denture base resins. CONCLUSIONS Although nanotechnology and antimicrobial medications or drugs have been successfully used to reduce Candida-associated denture stomatitis, long-term solutions are still lacking, and their disadvantages continue to outweigh their advantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve An
- Lecturer, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Jane L Evans
- Associate Professor, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Stephen Hamlet
- Senior Lecturer, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Robert M Love
- Professor, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
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2
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Pejon LS, Oliveira VDC, Amorim AA, Raffaini JC, de Arruda CNF, Pires-de-Souza FDCP. Antimicrobial effect of phytosphingosine in acrylic resin. Braz Dent J 2023; 34:107-114. [PMID: 37909633 PMCID: PMC10642271 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202305357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated color stability (CS), anti-adherence effect (AAE), and cell viability of microorganisms on acrylic resin (AR) surface, treated associated or not with sodium percarbonate (SP). AR specimens were prepared, and color analysis was performed before and after the treatments and the CS was calculated. For analysis of AAE, the samples were sterilized by radiation in a microwave oven. Then samples were randomly distributed: phosphate-buffered saline (PBS - control), 0.5% sodium hypochlorite (SH), phytosphingosine (PHS), and phytosphingosine + SP (PHS+Na2CO3). The specimens remained in contact with solutions for 30 minutes and were later contaminated by Candida albicans. Aliquots were seeded in Petri dishes with Sabouraud Dextrose agar and incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. After the incubation, the number of colonies was counted. The cell viability of adhered microorganisms on the AR was evaluated and 20 fields were observed under an epifluorescence microscope, and the percentage of adhered viable cells was calculated. Data were compared (One-way ANOVA, Tukey, p<.05). As for CS, PHS+ Na2CO3 (0.4±0.1) resulted in less change than PBS (0.9±0.2), similar to the other groups (SH [1.0±0.3)]; PHS [0.9±0.2)]). There was no difference for all tested solutions regarding the ability to avoid microorganism adherence (p>0.05), but PHS (11.2±4.1) resulted in a smaller area of adhered viable cells, statistically different from SH (18.2±7.6) and PBS (26.4±10.8). It was concluded that PHS resulted in lower adhered viable cells and when associated with Na2CO3, also shows a lower effect on the CS of AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Sanchez Pejon
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry - University of Sao Paulo. Av do Café s/n, 14040-904 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Viviane de Cássia Oliveira
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry - University of Sao Paulo. Av do Café s/n, 14040-904 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Ayodele Alves Amorim
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry - University of Sao Paulo. Av do Café s/n, 14040-904 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Júlia Correa Raffaini
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry - University of Sao Paulo. Av do Café s/n, 14040-904 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Carolina Noronha Ferraz de Arruda
- Department of Prosthodontics of School of Dentistry - Rio de Janeiro State University. Boulevard 28 de Setembro, 157, 20551-030 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Neves CB, Costa J, Portugal J, Bettencourt AF. Understanding the Mechanical, Surface, and Color Behavior of Oral Bioactive Prosthetic Polymers under Biodegradation Processes. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15112549. [PMID: 37299348 DOI: 10.3390/polym15112549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in the properties of resin-based polymers exposed to the oral environment can emerge when chlorhexidine (CHX) is incorporated to develop bioactive systems for treating denture stomatitis. Three reline resins loaded with CHX were prepared: 2.5 wt% in Kooliner (K), 5 wt% in Ufi Gel Hard (UFI), and Probase Cold (PC). A total of 60 specimens were submitted to physical aging (1000 cycles of thermal fluctuations, 5-55 °C) or chemical aging (28 days of pH fluctuations in artificial saliva, 6 h at pH = 3, 18 h at pH = 7). Knoop microhardness (30 s, 98 mN), 3-point flexural strength (5 mm/min), and surface energy were tested. Color changes (ΔE) were determined using the CIELab system. Data were submitted to non-parametric tests (α = 0.05). After aging, bioactive K and UFI specimens were not different from the controls (resins without CHX) in mechanical and surface properties. Thermally aged CHX-loaded PC specimens showed decreased microhardness and flexural strength but not under adequate levels for function. The color change was observed in all CHX-loaded specimens that underwent chemical aging. The long-term use of CHX bioactive systems based on reline resins generally does not impair removable dentures' proper mechanical and aesthetic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina B Neves
- Biomedical and Oral Sciences Research Unit (UICOB), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joana Costa
- Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinar Research (CiiEM), Egas Moniz School of Health and Science, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
| | - Jaime Portugal
- Biomedical and Oral Sciences Research Unit (UICOB), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana F Bettencourt
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
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Teixeira ABV, Valente MLDC, Sessa JPN, Gubitoso B, Schiavon MA, dos Reis AC. Adhesion of biofilm, surface characteristics, and mechanical properties of antimicrobial denture base resin. J Adv Prosthodont 2023; 15:80-92. [PMID: 37153005 PMCID: PMC10154147 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2023.15.2.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study incorporated the nanomaterial, nanostructured silver vanadate decorated with silver nanoparticles (AgVO3), into heat-cured resin (HT) at concentrations of 2.5%, 5%, and 10% and compared the adhesion of multispecies biofilms, surface characteristics, and mechanical properties with conventional heat-cured (HT 0%) and printed resins. MATERIALS AND METHODS AgVO3 was incorporated in mass into HT powder. A denture base resin was used to obtain printed samples. Adhesion of a multispecies biofilm of Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, and Streptococcus mutans was evaluated by colony-forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL) and metabolic activity. Wettability, roughness, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to assess the physical characteristics of the surface. The mechanical properties of flexural strength and elastic modulus were tested. RESULTS HT 10%-AgVO3 showed efficacy against S. mutans; however, it favored C. albicans CFU/mL (P < .05). The printed resin showed a higher metabolically active biofilm than HT 0% (P < .05). There was no difference in wettability or roughness between groups (P > .05). Irregularities on the printed resin surface and pores in HT 5%-AgVO3 were observed by SEM. HT 0% showed the highest flexural strength, and the resins incorporated with AgVO3 had the highest elastic modulus (P < .05). CONCLUSION The incorporation of 10% AgVO3 into heat-cured resin provided antimicrobial activity against S. mutans in a multispecies biofilm did not affect the roughness or wettability but reduced flexural strength and increased elastic modulus. Printed resin showed higher irregularity, an active biofilm, and lower flexural strength and elastic modulus than heat-cured resin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Bruna Gubitoso
- Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Marco Antonio Schiavon
- Natural Sciences Department, Federal University of São João Del-Rei, São João Del-Rei, Brazil
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Rao S, B.T N, Preman NK, Johnson RP, Ginjupalli K, P. P, Prabhu A, Das R, K J, Pai V. Synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of quaternary ammonium-based polymerizable antimicrobial monomers for prosthodontic applications. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10374. [PMID: 36090206 PMCID: PMC9449575 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to synthesize and characterize two quaternary ammonium (QAM) based monomers such as - dimethyl-hexadecyl-methacryloxyethyl-ammonium iodide (DHMAI) and 2-dimethyl-2-dodecyl-1-methacryloxyethyl ammonium iodine (DDMAI) and assess their cytotoxicity and antimicrobial properties. The study also aims to incorporate the optimized concentration of these monomers as copolymerizing monomers into conventional Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) denture base resin and evaluate their suitability for prosthetic applications. DHMAI and DDMAI monomers were synthesized through a Menschutkin reaction and their chemical structure was characterized using FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Cytotoxicity was determined using Methyl Thiazolyl Tetrazolium (MTT) assay whereas antimicrobial activity was assessed using the agar-disc diffusion method. Subsequently, optimized concentrations of DHMAI or DDMAI, based on the cytotoxicity results, were added to conventional PMMA resin. Antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity, surface hardness, and water sorption of PMMA denture base rein incorporated with DHMAI or DDMAI were evaluated. FT-IR and 1H-NMR results confirmed the structure of monomers and copolymerization of DHMAI and DDMAI with PMMA resin. DHMAI and DDMAI monomers were found to be cytocompatible with mouse fibroblast cells up to a concentration of 5 μg/mL and 20 μg/mL respectively. In addition, incorporation of DHMAI or DDMAI at 5 μg/mL and 20 μg/mL respectively into PMMA denture base material did not affect their cytocompatibility. PMMA denture base resin incorporated with DHMAI or DDMAI significantly reduced the adhesion of microbes. Further, an increase in the surface hardness and a reduction in the water sorption was observed. Hence DHMAI and DDMAI can be considered as potential candidates for imparting antimicrobial activity to polymeric denture base materials.
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Amirabad LM, Tahriri M, Zarrintaj P, Ghaffari R, Tayebi L. Preparation and characterization of TiO
2
‐coated polymerization of methyl methacrylate (PMMA) for biomedical applications: In vitro study. ASIA-PAC J CHEM ENG 2022; 17. [PMID: 36176584 PMCID: PMC9514038 DOI: 10.1002/apj.2761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Low surface energy and hydrophobicity of polymethyl methactylate (PMMA) are the main disadvantages of this biomaterial. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a new coating process on the surface characteristics and properties of PMMA. A combination of temperature and pressure was used for deposition of titanium dioxide (TiO2) on the surface of PMMA. The PMMA coated with TiO2 thin films and prepared by sputtering and non-coated PMMA were considered as control groups. The surface wettability, functional group, and roughness were determined by contact angle measurement, Fourier transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and 3D laser scanning digital microscopy, respectively. The flexural strength of coated and non-coated samples was measured using three-point bending test. The cell proliferation, attachment, and viability were determined using 3-(4,5-dimethyldiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide, live and dead assay, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and DAPI (4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) staining. The antifungal activity of TiO2 was also determined by examining the biofilm attachment of Candida albicans. The obtained results showed that TiO2 was successfully coated on PMMA. The contact angle measurement shows a significant increase of hydrophilicity in TiO2-coated PMMA. FTIR and roughness analysis revealed no loss of TiO2 from coated specimens following sonication. The cell viability after 7 days culturing on TiO2-coated specimens was more than the cell viability on the control groups. SEM images and DAPI staining showed that the total number of the cells increased after 7 days of seeding on TiO2-coated group, whereas it decreased gradually in both control groups. C. albicans attachment also decreased by 63% to 77% on the coated PMMA surface. Overall, this research suggested a new way for developing surface energy of PMMAs for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Payam Zarrintaj
- Department of Chemical Engineering Oklahoma State University Stillwater Oklahoma USA
| | - Reza Ghaffari
- Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles California USA
| | - Lobat Tayebi
- Marquette University School of Dentistry Milwaukee Wisconsin USA
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Pezzotti G, Asai T, Adachi T, Ohgitani E, Yamamoto T, Kanamura N, Boschetto F, Zhu W, Zanocco M, Marin E, Bal BS, McEntire BJ, Makimura K, Mazda O, Nishimura I. Antifungal activity of polymethyl methacrylate/Si 3N 4 composites against Candida albicans. Acta Biomater 2021; 126:259-276. [PMID: 33727194 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies using gram-positive and -negative bacteria demonstrated that hydrolysis of silicon nitride (Si3N4) in aqueous suspensions elutes nitrogen and produces gaseous ammonia while buffering pH. According to immunochemistry assays, fluorescence imaging, and in situ Raman spectroscopy, we demonstrate here that the antipathogenic surface chemistry of Si3N4 can be extended to polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) by compounding it with a minor fraction (~8 vol.%) of Si3N4 particles without any tangible loss in bulk properties. The hydrolytic products, which were eluted from partly exposed Si3N4 particles at the composite surface, exhibited fungicidal action against Candida albicans. Using a specific nitrative stress sensing dye and highly resolved fluorescence micrographs, we observed in situ congestion of peroxynitrite (ONOO-) radicals in the mitochondria of the Candida cells exposed to the PMMA/Si3N4 composite, while these radicals were absent in the mitochondria of identical cells exposed to monolithic PMMA. These in situ observations suggest that the surface chemistry of Si3N4 mimics the antifungal activity of macrophages, which concurrently produce NO radicals and superoxide anions (O2•-) resulting in the formation of candidacidal ONOO-. The fungicidal properties of PMMA/Si3N4 composites could be used in dental appliances to inhibit the uncontrolled growth of Candida albicans and ensuing candidiasis while being synergic with chemoprophylaxis. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In a follow-up of previous studies of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, we demonstrate here that the antipathogenic surface chemistry of Si3N4 could be extended to polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) containing a minor fraction (~8 vol.%) of Si3N4 particles without tangible loss in bulk properties. Hydrolytic products eluted from Si3N4 particles at the composite surface exhibited fungicidal action against Candida albicans. Highly resolved fluorescence microscopy revealed congestion of peroxynitrite (ONOO-) radicals in the mitochondria of the Candida cells exposed to the PMMA/Si3N4 composite, while radicals were absent in the mitochondria of identical cells exposed to monolithic PMMA. The fungicidal properties of PMMA/Si3N4 composites could be used in dental appliances to inhibit uncontrolled growth of Candida albicans and ensuing candidiasis in synergy with chemoprophylaxis.
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de Castro DT, Teixeira ABV, do Nascimento C, Alves OL, de Souza Santos E, Agnelli JAM, Dos Reis AC. Comparison of oral microbiome profile of polymers modified with silver and vanadium base nanomaterial by next-generation sequencing. Odontology 2021; 109:605-614. [PMID: 33481145 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-020-00582-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate two methods of the incorporation of nanostructured silver vanadate decorated with silver nanoparticles (AgVO3) into acrylic resin and characterize the profile of early and late microbial communities in class and family taxonomic level by pyrosequencing. The specimens were made by adding different concentrations of AgVO3 (1, 2.5, and 5%) to the heat-activated acrylic resin by two methods: vacuum spatulation (VS) and polymeric film (PF). A control group (0%) without AgVO3 was also obtained for both methods. After 24 h and 7 days of incubation in human saliva, biofilm samples were collected, DNA was extracted, and 16S rRNA genes were sequenced by the 454-Roche sequencing platform. Seventeen classes and 51 families of bacteria were identified. The abundance of Bacteroidia, Bacilli, Negativicutes, Fusobacteria and Betaproteobacteria classes decreased after 7 days of incubation, and Clostridia, Gammaproteobacteria, and unclassified bacteria increased. The Negativicutes and Betaproteobacteria classes were more abundant when the PF method was used, and Gammaproteobacteria was more abundant when VS was used. The incorporation of 5% AgVO3 promoted a reduction in the prevalence of Bacilli, Clostridia, Negativicutes, Betaproteobacteria, and unclassified bacteria, and increased Gammaproteobacteria. The addition of AgVO3 to acrylic resin altered the early and mature microbiome formed on the specimen surface, and the PF method presented a more favorable microbial profile than the VS method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Tornavoi de Castro
- Departament of Dental Materials and Prosthesis, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Prêto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Ana Beatriz Vilela Teixeira
- Departament of Dental Materials and Prosthesis, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Prêto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Cássio do Nascimento
- Departament of Dental Materials and Prosthesis, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Prêto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Oswaldo Luiz Alves
- Laboratory of Solid State Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Cidade Universitária Barão Geraldo, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Emerson de Souza Santos
- Department of Clinical Toxicological and Bromatologic Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Prêto, SP, 14040-903, Brazil
| | | | - Andréa Cândido Dos Reis
- Departament of Dental Materials and Prosthesis, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Prêto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil.
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An S, Evans JL, Hamlet S, Love RM. Incorporation of antimicrobial agents in denture base resin: A systematic review. J Prosthet Dent 2020; 126:188-195. [PMID: 32800329 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2020.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Denture base resins (DBRs), such as polymethyl methacrylate, are commonly used in the fabrication of removable dentures because of their physical, mechanical, and esthetic properties. However, the denture base acts as a substrate for microorganism adherence and biofilm formation, which may lead to denture stomatitis and be further complicated by fungal infections, of especial importance with geriatric and immunosuppressed patients. Therefore, methods to enhance the antimicrobial property of DBRs will be beneficial. PURPOSE The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the literature on the antimicrobial activity of DBRs incorporating antimicrobial agents or materials. MATERIAL AND METHODS A search of English peer-reviewed literature up to February 2019 reporting on antimicrobial activity of DBRs with respect to antimicrobial agents or materials, antimicrobial test effects and methods, and conclusion or knowledge gaps was conducted by using Embase, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science databases. Search terms included denture base resin and antibacterial, denture base resin and antifungal, and denture base resin and antimicrobial. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were applied for subsequent data analysis. RESULTS Of 2536 identified articles, 28 met the inclusion criteria for the systematic review. Antimicrobial materials were divided into 3 groups: antimicrobial monomer or copolymer, phytochemical or phytomedical components, and other compounds. Strategies on how to incorporate these substances into DBRs and their impact on the reduction and prevention of the growth of microorganisms were identified. CONCLUSIONS Although many efforts have been made to improve the antimicrobial ability of DBRs, this systematic review found that the effectiveness of incorporating of antimicrobial agents into DBRs has not been demonstrated conclusively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve An
- Lecturer, School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Jane L Evans
- Associate Professor, School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Stephen Hamlet
- Senior Research Fellow, School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Robert M Love
- Professor, School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
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10
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Ibrahim MS, Balhaddad AA, Garcia IM, Hefni E, Collares FM, Martinho FC, Weir MD, Xu HHK, Melo MAS. Tooth sealing formulation with bacteria‐killing surface and on‐demand ion release/recharge inhibits early childhood caries key pathogens. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2020; 108:3217-3227. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Salem Ibrahim
- PhD Program in Dental Biomedical Sciences University of Maryland School of Dentistry Baltimore Maryland USA
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman A. Balhaddad
- PhD Program in Dental Biomedical Sciences University of Maryland School of Dentistry Baltimore Maryland USA
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam Saudi Arabia
| | - Isadora M. Garcia
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental Materials Laboratory, School of Dentistry Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Eman Hefni
- PhD Program in Dental Biomedical Sciences University of Maryland School of Dentistry Baltimore Maryland USA
| | - Fabricio M. Collares
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental Materials Laboratory, School of Dentistry Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Frederico C. Martinho
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics University of Maryland School of Dentistry Baltimore Maryland USA
| | - Michael D. Weir
- PhD Program in Dental Biomedical Sciences University of Maryland School of Dentistry Baltimore Maryland USA
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics University of Maryland School of Dentistry Baltimore Maryland USA
| | - Hockin H. K. Xu
- PhD Program in Dental Biomedical Sciences University of Maryland School of Dentistry Baltimore Maryland USA
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics University of Maryland School of Dentistry Baltimore Maryland USA
| | - Mary Anne S. Melo
- PhD Program in Dental Biomedical Sciences University of Maryland School of Dentistry Baltimore Maryland USA
- Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry University of Maryland School of Dentistry Baltimore Maryland USA
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Inhibition-Disruption of Candida glabrata Biofilms: Symmetrical Selenoesters as Potential Anti-Biofilm Agents. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7120664. [PMID: 31835290 PMCID: PMC6955995 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7120664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida glabrata is one of the most prevalent pathogenic Candida species in dental plaque on tooth surfaces. Candida biofilms exhibit an enhanced resistance against most antifungal agents. Thus, the development of alternative more potent and effective antimicrobials is required to overcome this resistance. In this study, three novel fluorinated derivatives and nine selenoester compounds were screened as novel antifungal and antibiofilm agents against C. krusei, C. parapsilosis, and C. glabrata (N = 81 dental isolates). C. glabrata strains were susceptible only to fluorinated compounds while C. krusei, C. parapsilosis, and C. glabrata were susceptible to the action of the selenoesters. The evaluated symmetrical selenoester compounds presented very good antifungal activity against all the tested C. glabrata dental isolates (1–4 μg/mL of minimum inhibitory concentration-MIC). The most active compound (Se-5) was able to inhibit and disperse C. glabrata biofilms. These results demonstrated that selenoesters may be novel and promising biocide agents against C. glabrata clinical dental isolates.
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12
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Darwish G, Huang S, Knoernschild K, Sukotjo C, Campbell S, Bishal AK, Barão VA, Wu CD, Taukodis CG, Yang B. Improving Polymethyl Methacrylate Resin Using a Novel Titanium Dioxide Coating. J Prosthodont 2019; 28:1011-1017. [PMID: 30720223 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this study was to improve the surface characteristics of poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) by developing a novel, thin film coating process and to characterize the resulting coated surface. MATERIALS AND METHODS An atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique was developed to deposit a titanium dioxide (TiO2 ) nano-thin film on PMMA. The surface wettability for both coated and uncoated PMMA was determined by measuring water contact angle. Wear resistance was assessed using a mechanical tooth-brushing device with a 50 g load for 6000 strokes after 5 months of water storage. A denture cleanser challenge test was performed by using sonication in 3.8% sodium perborate for 1 hour with aged specimens. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used before and after the brushing test and challenge test to analyze the PMMA surface chemical composition. The mechanical strength of coated and uncoated PMMA was measured using a three-point bending test. Surface microbial interactions were also evaluated by assessing Candida albicans biofilm attachment. RESULTS Nano-TiO2 coating (30 nm thick) was successfully deposited on PMMA at 65°C. After coating, water contact angle decreased from 70° to less than 5°. After brushing test, the coating remained intact. XPS analysis revealed no loss of TiO2 from coated specimens following brushing and denture cleanser sonication for 1 hour. There was no statistically significant difference in mechanical strength (MPa) (mean ± SD) between PMMA (139.4 ± 11.3) and TiO2 -PMMA (160.7 ± 37.1) (p = 0.0995). C. albicans attachment decreased by 63% to 77% on the coated PMMA surface. CONCLUSIONS ALD is a promising technique to modify surface properties of PMMA and resulted in a stable adherent thin film. By depositing a TiO2 coating, PMMA surface properties may lead to significantly reduced microorganism adhesion and easier pathogen removal from PMMA. For patients who wear dentures, reducing the oral microbial biofilm burden using a TiO2 -coated PMMA surface could positively impact their oral and systemic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghaith Darwish
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Dentistry, Chicago, IL
| | - Su Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Kent Knoernschild
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Dentistry, Chicago, IL
| | - Cortino Sukotjo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Dentistry, Chicago, IL
| | - Stephen Campbell
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Dentistry, Chicago, IL
| | - Arghya Kamal Bishal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Valentim Adelino Barão
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba Dental School, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Christine D Wu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Dentistry, Chicago, IL
| | - Christos G Taukodis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Dentistry, Chicago, IL
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13
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An S, Judge RB, Wong RH, Arzmi MH, Palamara JE, Dashper SG. Incorporation of the microencapsulated antimicrobial agent phytoncide into denture base resin. Aust Dent J 2018; 63:302-311. [PMID: 29923610 DOI: 10.1111/adj.12640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to fabricate a denture base resin (DBR) containing phytoncide microcapsules (PTMCs) and determine the mechanical properties of the resin and antifungal activity. METHODS Fifty-four heat-cured rectangular DBR specimens (64 × 10 × 3.3 ± 0.2 mm) containing nine concentrations of PTMC between 0 and 5% (wt/wt) were fabricated and subjected to a three-point bending test. A phytoncide release bioassay was developed using DBR containing 0% and 2.5% PTMCs (wt/wt) in a 24 well-plate assay with incubation of Porphyromonas gingivalis at 37 °C for 74 h. The antifungal activity of PTMCs against Candida albicans, in a pH 5.5 acidic environment was determined in a plate assay. RESULTS Flexural strength decreased with increasing PTMC concentration from 97.58 ± 4.79 MPa for the DBR alone to 53.66 ± 2.46 MPa for DBR containing 5.0% PTMC. No release of phytoncide from the PTMCs in the DBR was detected at pH 7.4. The PTMCs had a minimal inhibitory concentration of 2.6% (wt/vol) against C. albicans at pH 5.5. CONCLUSIONS PTMCs can be added to DBR 2.5% (wt/wt) without adversely affecting flexural strength. PTMCs released the antimicrobial agent at pH 5.5 at concentrations sufficient to inhibit the growth of the C. albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- S An
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
- Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - R B Judge
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
| | - R H Wong
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
| | - M H Arzmi
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
- Oral Health Cooperative Research Centre, Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
- Kulliyyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan Campus, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - J E Palamara
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
- Oral Health Cooperative Research Centre, Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
| | - S G Dashper
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
- Oral Health Cooperative Research Centre, Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
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14
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Lee JH, Jo JK, Kim DA, Patel KD, Kim HW, Lee HH. Nano-graphene oxide incorporated into PMMA resin to prevent microbial adhesion. Dent Mater 2018; 34:e63-e72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2018.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Revised: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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15
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Hüwe C, Schmeichel J, Brodkorb F, Dohlen S, Kalbfleisch K, Kreyenschmidt M, Lorenz R, Kreyenschmidt J. Potential of antimicrobial treatment of linear low-density polyethylene with poly((tert-butyl-amino)-methyl-styrene) to reduce biofilm formation in the food industry. BIOFOULING 2018; 34:378-387. [PMID: 29663827 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2018.1453926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial surfaces are one approach to prevent biofilms in the food industry. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of poly((tert-butyl-amino)-methyl-styrene) (poly(TBAMS)) incorporated into linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) on the formation of mono- and mixed-species biofilms. The biofilm on untreated and treated LLDPE was determined after 48 and 168 h. The comparison of the results indicated that the ability of Listeria monocytogenes to form biofilms was completely suppressed by poly(TBAMS) (Δ168 h 3.2 log10 cfu cm-2) and colonization of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was significantly delayed, but no effect on Pseudomonas fluorescens was observed. The results of dual-species biofilms showed complex interactions between the microorganisms, but comparable effects on the individual bacteria by poly(TBAMS) were identified. Antimicrobial treatment with poly(TBAMS) shows great potential to prevent biofilms on polymeric surfaces. However, a further development of the material is necessary to reduce the colonization of strong biofilm formers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Hüwe
- a Faculty of Agriculture, Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, Food Processing Engineering , University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany
| | - Jennifer Schmeichel
- a Faculty of Agriculture, Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, Food Processing Engineering , University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany
| | - Florian Brodkorb
- b Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Applied Sciences Münster , Steinfurt , Germany
| | - Sophia Dohlen
- a Faculty of Agriculture, Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, Food Processing Engineering , University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany
| | - Katrin Kalbfleisch
- b Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Applied Sciences Münster , Steinfurt , Germany
| | - Martin Kreyenschmidt
- b Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Applied Sciences Münster , Steinfurt , Germany
| | - Reinhard Lorenz
- b Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Applied Sciences Münster , Steinfurt , Germany
| | - Judith Kreyenschmidt
- a Faculty of Agriculture, Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, Food Processing Engineering , University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany
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16
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Bregnocchi A, Zanni E, Uccelletti D, Marra F, Cavallini D, De Angelis F, De Bellis G, Bossù M, Ierardo G, Polimeni A, Sarto MS. Graphene-based dental adhesive with anti-biofilm activity. J Nanobiotechnology 2017; 15:89. [PMID: 29233187 PMCID: PMC5728064 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-017-0322-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Secondary caries are considered the main cause of dental restoration failure. In this context, anti-biofilm and bactericidal properties are desired in dental materials against pathogens such as Streptococcus mutans. To this purpose, graphene based materials can be used as fillers of polymer dental adhesives. In this work, we investigated the possibility to use as filler of dental adhesives, graphene nanoplatelets (GNP), a non toxic hydrophobic nanomaterial with antimicrobial and anti-biofilm properties. Results Graphene nanoplatelets have been produced starting from graphite intercalated compounds through a process consisting of thermal expansion and liquid exfoliation. Then, a dental adhesive filled with GNPs at different volume fractions has been produced through a solvent evaporation method. The rheological properties of the new experimental adhesives have been assessed experimentally. The adhesive properties have been tested using microtensile bond strength measurements (µ-TBS). Biocidal activity has been studied using the colony forming units count (CFU) method. The anti-biofilm properties have been demonstrated through FE-SEM imaging of the biofilm development after 3 and 24 h of growth. Conclusions A significantly lower vitality of S. mutans cells has been demonstrated when in contact with the GNP filled dental adhesives. Biofilm growth on adhesive-covered dentine tissues demonstrated anti-adhesion properties of the produced materials. µ-TBS results demonstrated no significant difference in µ-TBS between the experimental and the control adhesive. The rheology tests highlighted the necessity to avoid low shear rate regimes during adhesive processing and application in clinical protocol, and confirmed that the adhesive containing the 0.2%wt of GNPs possess mechanical properties comparable with the ones of the control adhesive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnese Bregnocchi
- Research Center for Nanotechnology Applied to Engineering of Sapienza University (CNIS), Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy. .,Sapienza Nanotechnology & Nano-science Laboratory (SNN Lab), Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, 00185, Italy. .,Department of Aerospace, Electrical and Energy Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Eudossiana 18, Rome, 00184, Italy.
| | - Elena Zanni
- Research Center for Nanotechnology Applied to Engineering of Sapienza University (CNIS), Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.,Sapienza Nanotechnology & Nano-science Laboratory (SNN Lab), Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, 00185, Italy.,Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Daniela Uccelletti
- Research Center for Nanotechnology Applied to Engineering of Sapienza University (CNIS), Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.,Sapienza Nanotechnology & Nano-science Laboratory (SNN Lab), Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, 00185, Italy.,Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Marra
- Research Center for Nanotechnology Applied to Engineering of Sapienza University (CNIS), Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.,Sapienza Nanotechnology & Nano-science Laboratory (SNN Lab), Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, 00185, Italy.,Department of Aerospace, Electrical and Energy Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Eudossiana 18, Rome, 00184, Italy
| | - Domenico Cavallini
- Research Center for Nanotechnology Applied to Engineering of Sapienza University (CNIS), Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.,Sapienza Nanotechnology & Nano-science Laboratory (SNN Lab), Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, 00185, Italy.,Department of Aerospace, Electrical and Energy Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Eudossiana 18, Rome, 00184, Italy
| | - Francesca De Angelis
- Department of Dentistry and Maxillo-Facial Sciences, Unit of Pediatric Dentistry Sapienza University of Rome, Viale regina Elena 287a, Rome, 00161, Italy
| | - Giovanni De Bellis
- Research Center for Nanotechnology Applied to Engineering of Sapienza University (CNIS), Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.,Sapienza Nanotechnology & Nano-science Laboratory (SNN Lab), Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, 00185, Italy.,Department of Aerospace, Electrical and Energy Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Eudossiana 18, Rome, 00184, Italy
| | - Maurizio Bossù
- Department of Dentistry and Maxillo-Facial Sciences, Unit of Pediatric Dentistry Sapienza University of Rome, Viale regina Elena 287a, Rome, 00161, Italy
| | - Gaetano Ierardo
- Department of Dentistry and Maxillo-Facial Sciences, Unit of Pediatric Dentistry Sapienza University of Rome, Viale regina Elena 287a, Rome, 00161, Italy
| | - Antonella Polimeni
- Department of Dentistry and Maxillo-Facial Sciences, Unit of Pediatric Dentistry Sapienza University of Rome, Viale regina Elena 287a, Rome, 00161, Italy
| | - Maria Sabrina Sarto
- Research Center for Nanotechnology Applied to Engineering of Sapienza University (CNIS), Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.,Sapienza Nanotechnology & Nano-science Laboratory (SNN Lab), Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, 00185, Italy.,Department of Aerospace, Electrical and Energy Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Eudossiana 18, Rome, 00184, Italy
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17
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da Silva RA, Bernardo LP, Moreno JML, Lara VS, Porto VC. Equisetum giganteum influences the ability of Candida albicans in forming biofilms over the denture acrylic resin surface. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:1698-1702. [PMID: 28454505 PMCID: PMC6130476 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1321024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Equisetum giganteum L. (Equisetaceae) is an endemic plant of Central and South America used in traditional medicine. Natural drugs have been frequently used in the treatment of a myriad of diseases, proving to be an alternative to synthetic chemicals, and have been intensively studied in the prevention of sicknesses, including oral diseases. OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the in vitro antiadherent activity of E. giganteum extract against Candida albicans biofilms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Crystal violet and colony-forming units assays were used to quantify the total biofilm biomass and biofilm living cells on a denture base acrylic resin pretreated with hydroethanolic extract of E. giganteum in different concentrations (50, 25, 16, 8, and 4 mg/mL), after 24 h of biofilm development. RESULTS Equisetum giganteum affected biofilms by reduction of biomass and living cells per area of acrylic specimens. The results revealed reduction of 15-44% of the biofilm mass and reduction of numbers of colony-forming units (CFUs) present in biofilms (79%) compared to the untreated control (CTRL/PBS). At all concentrations, it demonstrated important antiadherent activity on Candida albicans biofilms, the main microbe in denture stomatitis. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The present findings show that E. giganteum antimicrobial effects may qualify the extract as a promising natural alternative for topical treatment or prevention of denture stomatitis. The usage of drugs made of natural products shows advantages in relation to synthetic drugs on the market, such as lower cost, lower toxicity, and in relation to the occurrence of microbial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Alves da Silva
- Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology and Radiology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru, SP, Brazil
- CONTACT Rafaela Alves da SilvaDepartment of Stomatology (Pathology), Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Alameda Dr. Otávio Pinheiro Brizolla, 9-75, 17012-901, Bauru/SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Vanessa Soares Lara
- Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology and Radiology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Carvalho Porto
- Department of Prosthodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru, SP, Brazil
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18
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In vitro study of the antibacterial properties and impact strength of dental acrylic resins modified with a nanomaterial. J Prosthet Dent 2015; 115:238-46. [PMID: 26545862 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2015.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The accumulation of bacteria on the surface of dental prostheses can lead to systemic disease. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa on the surface of autopolymerizing (AP) and heat-polymerizing (HP) acrylic resins incorporated with nanostructured silver vanadate (β-AgVO3) and its impact strength. MATERIAL AND METHODS For each resin, 216 circular specimens (9 × 2 mm) were prepared for microbiologic analysis and 60 rectangular specimens (65 × 10 × 3.3 mm) for mechanical analysis, according to the percentage of β-AgVO3: 0%, control group; 0.5%; 1%; 2.5%; 5%; and 10%. After a biofilm had formed, the metabolic activity of the bacteria was measured using the XTT reduction assay (2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide) (n=8), and the number of viable cells was determined by counting colony forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL) (n=8). Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) was used to complement the analyses (n=2). The mechanical behavior was evaluated by impact strength assays (n=10). Data were analyzed by 2-way ANOVA, followed by the Tukey honestly significant difference (HSD) post hoc test (α=.05). RESULTS The addition of 5% and 10% β-AgVO3 significantly decreased the metabolic activity of P. aeruginosa for both resins (P<.05). The HP resin promoted a greater reduction in metabolic activity than the AP resin (P<.05). No difference was found in the metabolic activity of S. aureus according to the XTT (P>.05). The number of CFU/mL for S. aureus and P. aeruginosa decreased significantly when 5% and 10% β-AgVO3 were added (P<.001). These concentrations significantly reduced the impact strength of the resins (P<.001) because the system was weakened by the presence of clusters of β-AgVO3. CONCLUSION The addition of β-AgVO3 can provide acrylic resins with antibacterial activity but reduces their impact strength. More efficient addition methods should be investigated.
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Development of a New Monomer for the Synthesis of Intrinsic Antimicrobial Polymers with Enhanced Material Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:20050-66. [PMID: 26305247 PMCID: PMC4581340 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160820050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of biocidal compounds in polymers is steadily increasing because it is one solution to the need for safety and hygiene. It is possible to incorporate an antimicrobial moiety to a polymer. These polymers are referred to as intrinsic antimicrobial. The biocidal action results from contact of the polymer to the microorganisms, with no release of active molecules. This is particularly important in critical fields like food technology, medicine and ventilation technology, where migration or leaching is crucial and undesirable. The isomers N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-ethenyl-benzenamine and N-(1,1-dimethyl-ethyl)-3-ethenyl-benzenamine (TBAMS) are novel (Co-)Monomers for intrinsic anti-microbial polymers. The secondary amines were prepared and polymerized to the corresponding water insoluble polymer. The antimicrobial activity was analyzed by the test method JIS Z 2801:2000. Investigations revealed a high antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli with a reduction level of >4.5 log10 units. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of E. coli. in contact with the polymer indicates a bactericidal action which is caused by disruption of the bacteria cell membranes, leading to lysis of the cells.
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20
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Castro DTD, Holtz RD, Alves OL, Watanabe E, Valente MLDC, Silva CHLD, Reis ACD. Development of a novel resin with antimicrobial properties for dental application. J Appl Oral Sci 2015; 22:442-9. [PMID: 25466477 PMCID: PMC4245757 DOI: 10.1590/1678-775720130539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The adhesion of biofilm on dental prostheses is a prerequisite for the occurrence of oral diseases. OBJECTIVE To assess the antimicrobial activity and the mechanical properties of an acrylic resin embedded with nanostructured silver vanadate (β-AgVO3). MATERIAL AND METHODS The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of β-AgVO3 was studied in relation to the species Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, and Candida albicans ATCC 10231. The halo zone of inhibition method was performed in triplicate to determine the inhibitory effect of the modified self-curing acrylic resin Dencor Lay-Clássico. The surface hardness and compressive strength were examined. The specimens were prepared according to the percentage of β-AgVO3 (0%-control, 0.5%, 1%, 2.5%, 5%, and 10%), with a sample size of 9x2 mm for surface hardness and antimicrobial activity tests, and 8x4 mm for the compression test. The values of the microbiologic analysis were compared and evaluated using the Kruskal-Wallis test (α=0.05); the mechanical analysis used the Shapiro-Wilk's tests, Levene's test, ANOVA (one-way), and Tukey's test (α=0.05). RESULTS The addition of 10% β-AgVO3 promoted antimicrobial activity against all strains. The antimicrobial effect was observed at a minimum concentration of 1% for P. aeruginosa, 2.5% for S. aureus, 5% for C. albicans, and 10% for S. mutans. Surface hardness and compressive strength increased significantly with the addition of 0.5% β-AgVO3 (p<0.05). Higher rates of the nanomaterial did not alter the mechanical properties of the resin in comparison with the control group (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS The incorporation of β-AgVO3 has the potential to promote antimicrobial activity in the acrylic resin. At reduced rates, it improves the mechanical properties, and, at higher rates, it does not promote changes in the control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Evandro Watanabe
- School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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21
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Tsuji M, Ueda T, Sawaki K, Kawaguchi M, Sakurai K. Biocompatibility of a titanium dioxide-coating method for denture base acrylic resin. Gerodontology 2015. [PMID: 26223290 DOI: 10.1111/ger.12204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ease of denture cleaning is of paramount importance in geriatric patients and those with limited dexterity. We have previously investigated methods of coating dentures with titanium dioxide (TiO2 ) and reported the effects (self-cleaning and antibacterial) of such treatments in in vitro studies. This study was to verify the biocompatibility of a TiO2 -coated acrylic resin produced by the new coating method with spray-coating technique. METHODS Specimens were prepared from denture base acrylic resin and polished up to grit #1000. The TiO2 -coating agent was sprayed onto the specimens using an airbrush gun. Specimens were then divided into 'polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)', 'primer-coated PMMA' and 'TiO2 -coated PMMA' groups to be evaluated for biological safety using a hamster oral mucosa irritation test, a guinea pig skin sensitisation test and a rabbit intracutaneous test. The biological reaction was scored. RESULTS Reaction scores were considerably <1.0, the acceptable limit set by the ISO, in all three tests. Indeed, in most samples, there was no deleterious effect at all. CONCLUSION These results tested on animals demonstrate that denture base resin coated with TiO2 by this method does not cause irritation or sensitisation of the oral mucosa, skin or intracutaneous tissue and is therefore good biocompatibility for use in close proximity to oral mucosa and skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Tsuji
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics & Gerodontology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ueda
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics & Gerodontology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kohei Sawaki
- Laboratory of Pharmacotherapy, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Kaoru Sakurai
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics & Gerodontology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
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22
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Mori K, Tsuji M, Ueda T, Sakurai K. Color and gloss evaluation of titanium dioxide coating for acrylic resin denture base. J Prosthodont Res 2015. [PMID: 26211703 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpor.2015.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We examined the clinical appearance (color, gloss, and surface roughness) of TiO(2) coating on polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) resin dentures. METHODS A spraying method, using air brushes, was used to generate thin uniform TiO(2) coating. PMMA resin, primer-coated PMMA, and TiO(2)-coated PMMA (with primer) specimens were compared. RESULTS The Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) color system revealed color variations between the with/without coated samples. The TiO(2)-coated PMMA specimen displayed high levels of glossiness, highlighting the efficient self-cleansing actions of the denture. The measured surface roughness decreased upon primer coating, and increased following TiO(2) coating. CONCLUSIONS The thin TiO(2) coating afforded high levels of glossiness while maintaining the color of the denture base material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunari Mori
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics & Gerodontology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masashi Tsuji
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics & Gerodontology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ueda
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics & Gerodontology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kaoru Sakurai
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics & Gerodontology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
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23
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Toda C, Mendoza Marin DO, Rodriguez LS, Paleari AG, Pero AC, Compagnoni MA. Antimicrobial activity of a tissue conditioner combined with a biocide polymer. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015; 16:101-6. [PMID: 25906799 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The characteristics of tissue conditioners support microorganism development that can threaten the health of the dentures user. PURPOSE The object of this study was to evaluate the effect on antimicrobial activity, roughness and wettability surface of a tissue conditioners material combined with the antimicrobial polymer poly (2-tert-butilaminoethyl) methacrylate (PTBAEMA). MATERIALS AND METHODS Specimens of tissue conditioner (Coe Soft(®)) were divided into three groups, according to the concentration of PTBAEMA incorporated (0, 10 and 25%). Antimicrobial activity was assessed by adherence assay of one of the microorganisms, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans. Roughness measurements were made using a Mitutoyo SJ-400, and the mean arithmetic roughness values (Ra) obtained were used for the comparisons. The wettability properties were determined by contact angle measurements. RESULTS The group containing 25% of PTBAEMA inhibited totally the S. aureus and S. mutans biofilm formation. A significant reduc tion in the S. aureus (Kruskal-Wallis, p = 0,001) and S. mutans (Kruscal-Wallis, p = 0,001) count for 10% PTBAEMA group compared with respective control group. No significant difference was found for C. albicans among PTBAEMA groups and control group (ANOVA, p > 0,05). Incorporating 10 and 25% PTBAEMA increased surface roughness and decreased contact angles (ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc tests, α = 5%). CONCLUSION Incorporating 10% PTBAEMA into tissue conditioner increases wettability and roughness of tissue conditioner surface; and decreases the adhesion of S. mutans and S. aureus on material surface, but did not exhibit antimicrobial effect against C. albicans. SIGNIFICANCE The PTBAEMA incorporated into tissue conditioner could prevent biofilm formation on elderly patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Toda
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP-São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Danny Omar Mendoza Marin
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP-São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Larissa Santana Rodriguez
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP-São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André Gustavo Paleari
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP-São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Pero
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP-São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marco Antonio Compagnoni
- Professor, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP-São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil, Phone: +5516-33016411, e-mail:
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Ohsumi T, Takenaka S, Wakamatsu R, Sakaue Y, Narisawa N, Senpuku H, Ohshima H, Terao Y, Okiji T. Residual structure of Streptococcus mutans biofilm following complete disinfection favors secondary bacterial adhesion and biofilm re-development. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0116647. [PMID: 25635770 PMCID: PMC4312048 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemical disinfection of oral biofilms often leaves biofilm structures intact. This study aimed to examine whether the residual structure promotes secondary bacterial adhesion. Streptococcus mutans biofilms generated on resin-composite disks in a rotating disc reactor were disinfected completely with 70% isopropyl alcohol, and were again cultured in the same reactor after resupplying with the same bacterial solution. Specimens were subjected to fluorescence confocal laser scanning microscopy, viable cell counts and PCR-Invader assay in order to observe and quantify secondarily adhered cells. Fluorescence microscopic analysis, particularly after longitudinal cryosectioning, demonstrated stratified patterns of viable cells on the disinfected biofilm structure. Viable cell counts of test specimens were significantly higher than those of controls, and increased according to the amount of residual structure and culture period. Linear regression analysis exhibited a high correlation between viable and total cell counts. It was concluded that disinfected biofilm structures favored secondary bacterial adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Ohsumi
- Division of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Oral Health Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Shoji Takenaka
- Division of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Oral Health Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Rika Wakamatsu
- Division of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Oral Health Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yuuki Sakaue
- Division of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Oral Health Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Naoki Narisawa
- Department of Food Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hidenobu Senpuku
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hayato Ohshima
- Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yutaka Terao
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Oral Health Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takashi Okiji
- Division of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Oral Health Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
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Zhou W, Ma KQ, Tang LH, Li F, Huang L, Chen JH. Synthesis and properties of a polymerizable quaternary ammonium salt. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.41002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology; Department of Prosthodontics; School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an 710032 China
| | - Ke-Qiang Ma
- Department of Stomatology; Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command of PLA; Wuhan 430061 China
| | - Li-Hui Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology; Department of Dental Materials; School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an 710032 China
| | - Fang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology; Department of Prosthodontics; School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an 710032 China
| | - Li Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology; Department of Department of General Dentistry and Emergency; School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an 710032 China
| | - Ji-Hua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology; Department of Prosthodontics; School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an 710032 China
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Sivakumar I, Arunachalam KS, Sajjan S, Ramaraju AV, Rao B, Kamaraj B. Incorporation of Antimicrobial Macromolecules in Acrylic Denture Base Resins: A Research Composition and Update. J Prosthodont 2013; 23:284-90. [DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Indumathi Sivakumar
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology; Vishnu Dental College; Bhimavaram India
| | | | - Suresh Sajjan
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology; Vishnu Dental College; Bhimavaram India
| | | | - Bheemalingeshwara Rao
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology; Vishnu Dental College; Bhimavaram India
| | - Bindu Kamaraj
- Department of Prosthodontics; Penang International Dental College; Penang Malaysia
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Pero AC, Ignárcio J, Giro G, Mendoza-Marin DO, Paleari AG, Compagnoni MA. Surface properties and color stability of an acrylic resin combined with an antimicrobial polymer. REVISTA DE ODONTOLOGIA DA UNESP 2013. [DOI: 10.1590/s1807-25772013000400002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The occurrence of stomatitis is common since the surface characteristics of the dentures may act as reservoirs for microorganisms and have the potential to support biofilm formation. PURPOSE: To assess the surface properties (wettability/roughness) and color stability of an acrylic resin combined with the antimicrobial polymer poly (2-tert-butylaminoethyl) methacrylate (PTBAEMA). MATERIAL AND METHOD: Thirty disc-shaped specimens of an acrylic resin (Lucitone 550) were divided into three groups: 0% (control); 5% and 10% PTBAEMA. Surface roughness values (Ra) were measured using a profilometer and wettability was determined through contact angle measurements using a goniometer and deionized water as a test liquid. Color data were measured with a spectrophotometer. Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's test were used to compare roughness values. Wettability data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's test. Color data were compared using the Student's t-test and ∆E values were classified according to the National Bureau of Standards (NBS). All statistical analyses were performed considering α=.05. RESULT: Significant differences (p<.05) were detected among the groups for roughness, wettability and color stability. According to the NBS, the color changes obtained in the 5% and 10% PTBAEMA groups were "appreciable" and "much appreciable", respectively. CONCLUSION: It could be concluded that PTBAEMA incorporation in an acrylic resin increased the roughness and wettability of surfaces and produced color changes with clinical relevance.
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