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Xavier JKAM, da Trindade RCS, Cibelle Moreira E, Figueiredo PLB, Maia JGS, Setzer WN, da Silva JKR. The Volatile Profiles and DNA Barcodes of Lauraceae Species from the Ocotea Complex with Occurrence in the Brazilian Amazon. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200337. [PMID: 36068087 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The Ocotea complex accommodates most of the taxonomic diversity of Neotropical Lauraceae with economic importance and biological potential attributed to their essential oils (EOs) and extracts. However, the botanical taxonomy has had limitations due to the difficulty of identifying and delimiting species and genera. The chemical and molecular markers of Ocotea complex species in Pará state, Brazil, were assessed according to their EO compositions and DNA sequences of matK, trnL-trnF, and ITS regions. The multivariate analysis of EOs constituents has classified them into two main clusters characterized by oils rich in (I) terpenoids and phenylpropanoids and (II) sesquiterpenes. We conducted a phylogenetic analysis of species based on DNA barcode sequences on the Bayesian Inference (PP: 0.70-1,0) and Maximum Likelihood (BS: 72-100 %). The comparison between the volatile profiles and phylogenetic data indicates two main groups for these species collected from the Ocotea complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlia Karla A M Xavier
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Universidade Federal do Pará, 66075-900, Belém, Brazil
| | - Rafaela C S da Trindade
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, 66075-900, Belém, Brazil
| | - Edith Cibelle Moreira
- Instituto de Estudos em Saúde e Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Sul e Sudeste do Pará, 68501-970, Marabá, Brazil
| | - Pablo Luis B Figueiredo
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Centro de Ciências Sociais e Educação, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, PA 66050-540, Brazil
| | - José Guilherme S Maia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Universidade Federal do Pará, 66075-900, Belém, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, MA 65080-805, Brazil
| | - William N Setzer
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USA
| | - Joyce Kelly R da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Universidade Federal do Pará, 66075-900, Belém, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, 66075-900, Belém, Brazil.,Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USA
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2
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Hoseini SM, Taheri Mirghaed A, Pagheh E, Hoseinifar SH, Van Doan H. Anesthesia of rainbow trout with citronellal: Efficacy and biochemical effects. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY. PART A, ECOLOGICAL AND INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 337:227-237. [PMID: 34826206 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the anesthetic efficacy and biochemical effects of citronellal on rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. The fish were exposed to 200-800 µl/L citronellal to find the anesthesia induction and recovery times. The deep anesthesia stage was reached within 117-613 s, using 800-200 µl/L citronellal, respectively, and all fish recovered within 240-420 s. To assess biochemical responses, the fish were exposed to 200, 400, 600, and 800 µl/L of citronellal and blood-sampled after deep anesthesia. The results showed that anesthesia led to significant elevations in blood erythrocytes, hematocrit, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, plasma lactate, and lactate dehydrogenase; these parameters exhibited increasing trends as citronellal concentration increased. These results along with significantly higher plasma lysozyme activity, cortisol, and glucose levels in 200 µl/L treatment suggest that an increase in citronellal concentration significantly mitigates hypoxia/stress responses in the fish. Significant elevations in plasma alkaline phosphatase activity and malondialdehyde level were observed in the 200 µl/L treatment, which suggests induction of hemolysis and oxidative stress in this treatment. There was a tendency to higher ammonia levels along with the increase in citronellal concentration, which might be due to early ammonia accumulation because of lower opercular movement in the fish. Except for blood hematocrit and mean corpuscular volume, there were no significant differences between the 600 and 800 µl/L citronellal treatments. In conclusion, high concentrations of citronellal are more suitable for trout anesthesia and blood sampling than low concentrations. Based on the present study, 600-800 µl/L citronellal is recommended for trout anesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Morteza Hoseini
- Inland Waters Aquatics Resources Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ali Taheri Mirghaed
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmail Pagheh
- Inland Waters Aquatics Resources Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Hien Van Doan
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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3
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Noazira Wan Adnan W, Abu Seman NJ, Karim NU, Jasmani S, Husna Yusoff NA, Hassan M. Anaesthetic Efficiency of Cymbopogon citratus Essential Oil and Clove Oil on Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Pak J Biol Sci 2021; 24:756-764. [PMID: 34486294 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2021.756.764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
<b>Background and Objective:</b> Studies on plant herbs as alternatives to chemical anaesthetics in fish species are numerous, but little is known on crustaceans. A study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of <i>C. citratus</i> Essential Oil (EO) on the induction and recovery of <i>M. rosenbergii</i>. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> The <i>C. citratus</i> EO was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed using GC-MS. The prawns were exposed to <i>C. citratus</i> EO and clove oil in 100-1000 and 200-1000 μL L<sup>1</sup>, respectively. Different stages of induction and recovery times were recorded. <b>Results:</b> In GC-MS, citral (78.47%) was detected as a major compound in <i>C. citratus</i> EO. Prawns reached loss equilibrium at 500-1000 μL L<sup>1</sup> <i>C. citratus</i> EO within 15.55-6.52 min. Exposure of prawn to <u><</u>500 μL L<sup>1</sup> <i>C. citratus</i> EO resulted in a high survival rate (100-94%). In clove oil, all tested concentrations caused significant induction in <i>M. rosenbergii</i> within 20.61-6.47 min. Recovery time and survival rate were significantly decreased with the increase of EO concentrations. The regression model showed the induction time in both anaesthetic agents was dependent on the concentration (R<sup>2 </sup>= 0.86-0.96). The recovery time of <i>C. citratus</i> EO-exposed prawn was dependent on the concentrations (R<sup>2 </sup>= 0.59). <b>Conclusion:</b> The study shows the potentiality of <i>C. citratus</i> EO as a natural anaesthetic in <i>M. rosenbergii</i>, although not as efficient as clove oil.
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Chemical Diversity and Biological Activities of Essential Oils from Licaria, Nectrandra and Ocotea Species (Lauraceae) with Occurrence in Brazilian Biomes. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10060869. [PMID: 32517106 PMCID: PMC7356694 DOI: 10.3390/biom10060869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Lauraceae species are known as excellent essential oil (EO) producers, and their taxa are distributed throughout the territory of Brazil. This study presents a systematic review of chemical composition, seasonal studies, occurrence of chemical profiles, and biological activities to EOs of species of Licaria, Nectandra, and Ocotea genera collected in different Brazilian biomes. Based on our survey, 39 species were studied, with a total of 86 oils extracted from seeds, leaves, stem barks, and twigs. The most representative geographic area in specimens was the Atlantic Forest (14 spp., 30 samples) followed by the Amazon (13 spp., 30 samples), Cerrado (6 spp., 14 samples), Pampa (4 spp., 10 samples), and Caatinga (2 spp., 2 samples) forests. The majority of compound classes identified in the oils were sesquiterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated sesquiterpenoids. Among them, β-caryophyllene, germacrene D, bicyclogermacrene, caryophyllene oxide, α-bisabolol, and bicyclogermacrenal were the main constituents. Additionally, large amounts of phenylpropanoids and monoterpenes such as safrole, 6-methoxyelemicin, apiole, limonene, α-pinene, β-pinene, 1,8-cineole, and camphor were reported. Nectandra megatopomica showed considerable variation with the occurrence of fourteen chemical profiles according to seasonality and collection site. Several biological activities have been attributed to these oils, especially cytotoxic, antibacterial, antioxidant and antifungal potential, among other pharmacological applications.
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Souza CDF, Baldissera MD, Baldisserotto B, Heinzmann BM, Martos-Sitcha JA, Mancera JM. Essential Oils as Stress-Reducing Agents for Fish Aquaculture: A Review. Front Physiol 2019; 10:785. [PMID: 31281264 PMCID: PMC6596282 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In fish, stressful events initiate a hormone cascade along the hypothalamus-pituitary-interrenal and hypothalamus-sympathetic-chromaffin (HSC) axis to evoke several physiological reactions in order to orchestrate and maintain homeostasis. Several biotic and abiotic factors, as well as aquaculture procedures (handling, transport, or stocking density), activated stress system inducing negative effects on different physiological processes in fish (growth, reproduction, and immunity). In order to reduce these consequences, the use of essential oils (EOs) derived from plants has been the focus of aquaculture studies due to their diverse properties (e.g., anesthetic, antioxidant, and antimicrobial), which have been shown to reduce biochemical and endocrine alterations and, consequently, to improve the welfare status. Recently, several studies have shown that biogenic compounds isolated from different EOs present excellent biological activities, as well as the nanoencapsulated form of these EOs may potentiate their effects. Overall, EOs presented less side effects than synthetic compounds, but their stress-reducing efficacy is related to their chemical composition, concentration or chemotype used. In addition, their species-specific actions must be clearly established since they can act as stressors by themselves if their concentrations and chemotypes used are not suitable. For this reason, it is necessary to assess the effect of these natural compound mixtures in different fish species, from marine to freshwater, in order to find the ideal concentration range and the way for their administration to obtain the desired biological activity, without any undesired side effects. In this review, the main findings regarding the use of different EOs as stress reducers will be presented to highlight the most important issues related to their use to improve fish welfare in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carine de Freitas Souza
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | - Bernardo Baldisserotto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Berta Maria Heinzmann
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Juan Antonio Martos-Sitcha
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Marina, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Juan Miguel Mancera
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Marina, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
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Sampaio FD, Silva-de-Assis HC, Bettim FL, Fávaro LF, Freire CA. Water acidification causes death of marine ornamental fish (Perciformes: Pomacentridae) during transport: contributing to the conservation of wild populations. ZOOLOGIA 2019. [DOI: 10.3897/zoologia.36.e25083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Pomacentridae is a common family in the aquarium fish trade. Most species are harvested from nature. Here we evaluate the following water parameters in the pomacentrid sergeant major,Abudefdufsaxatilis(Linnaeus, 1758), to assess their stress level during a 24, 48, and 72 hours transport: dissolved oxygen (DO), total ammonia, and pH. In addition, we evaluated the following physiological parameters: plasma osmolality, muscle water content, blood glucose, and the enzyme activities of the branchial carbonic anhydrase (CA), the hepatic glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The mortality of fish measuring >6 cm total length was 22%, while no mortality was observed for fish measuring <6 cm. The pH of the water was significantly correlated with fish mortality, especially for the initial 24 hours of transport. Hypoxia after 24–48 hours also led to fish mortality, but build up ammonia was not a problem even after 72 hours. We suggest that a minimum water volume of 125 ml/g fish is necessary for safe and cost-effective transport of the sergeant major, preferably with <6 cm in total length.
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Almeida APG, Correia TG, Heinzmann BM, Val AL, Baldisserotto B. Stress-reducing and anesthetic effects of the essential oils of Aloysia triphylla and Lippia alba on Serrasalmus eigenmanni (Characiformes: Serrasalmidae). NEOTROPICAL ICHTHYOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20190021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Anesthetic effect of Aloysia triphylla and Lippia alba essential oils (EOs) in the Amazonian fish Serrasalmus eigenmanni was evaluated. The fish were placed in aquaria containing A. triphylla or L. alba EOs (25 to 200 µL L-1). Then, fish were transferred to aquaria containing EO-free water to evaluate their recovery time. In another experiment, fish were transferred to aquaria containing A. triphylla or L. alba EOs (3 to 10 µL L-1) and swimming behavior was analyzed for up to 240 min of exposure. Water samples were collected at 0 and 240 min and blood samples were collected at 240 min. Tested concentrations induced all stages of anesthesia, except 25 µL L-1 A. triphylla EO and 50 µL L-1 L. alba EO, which only induced sedation. Prolonged exposure to both EOs reduced swimming time compared to the control at all evaluated times. The fish exposed to 3 µL L-1 A. triphylla EO showed a lower net K+ efflux compared to ethanol-exposed fish; in those exposed to 5 µL L-1, ammonia excretion was reduced. The blood parameters did not show significant differences between treatments. In conclusion, both EOs can be used as anesthetics and sedatives for transport of S. eigenmanni.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tiago Gabriel Correia
- Universidade Federal do Amapá, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Brazil
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8
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The Confrontation between Ethnopharmacology and Pharmacological Tests of Medicinal Plants Associated with Mental and Neurological Disorders. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:7686913. [PMID: 30057646 PMCID: PMC6051267 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7686913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
For neurological disorders, pharmacological tests have shown promising results in the reduction of side effects when using plants with known therapeutic effects in the treatment of some types of dementia. Therefore, the goals of this study are to gather data about the major medicinal plants used in the nervous system as described in ethnopharmacological surveys from South America and Brazil and to compare this data with the results from pharmacological tests on the active principles of those same plants found in the scientific literature. After collecting the data about each plant, their respective popular indication was compared with the results found through pharmacological tests. The discrepancy rate between the effects observed by ethnopharmacological and pharmacological methods in this study is greater than 50%. In conclusion, despite the importance of ethnopharmacological data, it is important to make comparisons with pharmacological tests for the same plants, since the pharmacological studies, although few, have shown a high rate of discrepancy in the results.
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Wosnick N, Bendhack F, Leite RD, Morais RN, Freire CA. Benzocaine-induced stress in the euryhaline teleost, Centropomus parallelus and its implications for anesthesia protocols. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2018; 226:32-37. [PMID: 30056161 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2018.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The use of anesthetic in fish farming is a traditional practice which aims to reduce the stress caused by transport and handling. However, anesthesia-induction protocols are commonly established and implemented without proper physiological/behavioral evaluation. Additionally, concentration and time of exposure to the anesthetic are often set without considering species-specific responses. The fat snook (Centropomus parallelus) is a fish with great potential for aquaculture. Given its remarkable euryhalinity, it can grow in fresh- or seawater. Most studies on fat snook anesthesia tested natural compounds (essential oils) instead of traditional anesthetics. However, the use of benzocaine is much more common in the commercial sector, as it is easy to obtain and of relatively low cost. The present study aimed at analyzing the effects benzocaine exposure on glucose and cortisol plasma levels (two traditional stress markers in teleost fish), as well as on plasma osmolality, chloride and magnesium, (indicators of osmo-ionic allostasis) in animals acclimated to different salinities. Results showed that while osmo-ionic allostasis was strictly maintained across the treatments, time of anesthesia had a strong positive relationship to plasma cortisol and glucose, regardless the salinity of exposure and acclimation. The results are discussed as they relate to anesthesia protocols and how stress response generated by time of anesthesia may challenge farming flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natascha Wosnick
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Centro Politécnico, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.
| | - Fabiano Bendhack
- Centro de Estudos do Mar, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Pontal do Paraná, Brazil
| | - Renata D Leite
- Departamento de Zoologia, Centro Politécnico, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Rosana N Morais
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Centro Politécnico, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Carolina A Freire
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Centro Politécnico, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
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Lopes JM, Souza CDF, Schindler B, Pinheiro CG, Salbego J, Siqueira JCD, Heinzmann BM, Baldisserotto B. Essential oils from Citrus x aurantium and Citrus x latifolia (Rutaceae) have anesthetic activity and are effective in reducing ion loss in silver catfish ( Rhamdia quelen ). NEOTROPICAL ICHTHYOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT This study investigated the anesthetic effect of the essential oils (EOs) from the peel of Citrus x aurantium (EOCA) and Citrus x latifolia (EOCL) on silver catfish Rhamdia quelen. Fish were exposed to different concentrations of EOCA and EOCL to determine time of anesthesia induction and recovery. Induction of anesthesia was observed in all fish exposed to 400, 600 or 800 μL L−1 EOCA and 300, 400 or 500 μL L−1 EOCL. Another group of fish were exposed for 8 h to 50, 100, or 200 μL L−1 of either EOs. Overall, fish exposed to ethanol and both EOs presented higher ventilatory frequencies (VF) than the control group throughout the 8 h of exposure. Net ion (Na+, K+ and Cl−) effluxes and ammonia excretion were significantly lower in fish exposed to 50, 100 or 200 μL L−1 of either EOs compared to control fish. Mortality was 37% in fish exposed to 200 μL L−1 of either EOs after 8 h. These findings suggest that EOCA and EOCL are useful anesthetics and sedatives for Rhamdia quelen, but their usefulness as alternatives to reduce stress in fish transportation at the lower concentrations tested (50-100 µL L−1) deserves further study.
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Mirghaed AT, Yasari M, Mirzargar SS, Hoseini SM. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) anesthesia with myrcene: efficacy and physiological responses in comparison with eugenol. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2018; 44:919-926. [PMID: 29445991 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-018-0481-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate anesthetic efficacy of myrcene in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) along with the fish biochemical response to anesthesia in comparison with eugenol. In the first experiment, 240 fish were stocked in 12 tanks and acclimatized to experimental conditions for 2 weeks. Then, the fish of each tank were subjected to one concentration of either eugenol (12, 20, 30, 50, 80, and 130 μL/L) or myrcene (100, 150, 200, 300, 400, and 500 μL/L) concentrations. Induction time of and recovery time from anesthesia were recorded for each fish separately. Using these results, desired concentrations to induce anesthesia within 60, 180, 300, and 600 s were determined, being 81, 30, 19, and 10 μL/L eugenol and 531, 251, 177, and 111 μL/L myrcene. In the second experiment, 96 fish were stocked in 8 tanks. Six fish were netted from each tank and exposed to the calculated eugenol or myrcene concentrations. Blood samples were taken after the fish reached anesthesia. The results showed that there was no significant difference in serum lactate, alanine transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase. Increase in the induction time of anesthesia resulted in increased serum glucose with no significant difference between the anesthetics. Increase in induction time of anesthesia led to increase in serum lactate dehydrogenase activity in the eugenol-anesthetized fish and aspartate transaminase activity in myrcene-anesthetized fish. In conclusion, myrcene is capable to anesthetize rainbow trout, but at higher concentrations compared to eugenol. In addition, biochemical analysis showed that increase in induction time of anesthesia leads to hyperglycemia and increase in AST and LDH activities depending on anesthetic type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Taheri Mirghaed
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1419963111, Iran.
| | - Mahyar Yasari
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1419963111, Iran
| | - Seyed Saeed Mirzargar
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1419963111, Iran
| | - Seyyed Morteza Hoseini
- Inland Waters Aquatic Stocks Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Gorgan, Iran
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Oliveira BL, Souza RM, Silva Filho JP, Gomes LC, Fernandes LFL. Hematological and biochemical characteristics during the transport of dog snapper Lutjanus jocu (Perciformes: Lutjanidae). NEOTROPICAL ICHTHYOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate stress responses in dog snapper (Lutjanus jocu) during transport by evaluating their hematological and biochemical responses. Twenty-five wild dog snapper specimens were used in the experiment (220 ± 68 g and 24.5 ± 2.5 cm total length). Blood samples were collected prior to transport (control), and fish were placed in two transport boxes, one with anesthetic and one without anesthetic. Immediately after transport and after 24 h, blood was collected from the fish that underwent each treatment (with anesthetic and without anesthetic). Biochemical and hematological results demonstrated the inefficiency of benzocaine as a stress reliever during handling and transport. Biochemical parameters revealed the effects of stress during transport, and after 24 h, glucose levels and hematological parameters (hemoglobin, erythrocytes, leukocytes, neutrophils and MCH) showed a tendency to return to control levels. This study is the first to report stress response measurements of hematological and biochemical indicators in dog snapper, representing an important basis for the planning of future experiments involving the transport and handling of this fish species.
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Cunha JAD, Scheeren CÁ, Salbego J, Gressler LT, Madaloz LM, Bandeira-Junior G, Bianchini AE, Pinheiro CG, Bordignon SAL, Heinzmann BM, Baldisserotto B. Essential oils of Cunila galioides and Origanum majorana as anesthetics for Rhamdia quelen: efficacy and effects on ventilation and ionoregulation. NEOTROPICAL ICHTHYOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20160076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT This study evaluated anesthetic efficacy and possible effects of the essential oils (EOs) of Cunila galioides (EOC) and Origanum majorana (EOO) on ventilatory rate (VR) and ionoregulation in Rhamdia quelen. In the anesthesia assessments, 50, 100, 200 and 300 μL L-1 EOC and 50, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 μL L-1 EOO were tested, and time for induction to sedation and anesthesia stages, as well as recovery, were taken. A second trial employed lower concentrations of both EOs, 10, 25, 50 and 100 μL L-1, in order to verify VR and Na+, K+ and Cl- whole body net fluxes. Sedation was achieved with both oils at 100 µL L-1, and anesthesia at ≥ 200 µL L-1. There was no significant difference between control and EO-treated groups regarding VR, but all fish subjected to 100 µL L-1 EOC died within 2 h of exposure. Overall, ionic loss declined in the presence of the EOs. The EOC at 200 - 300 μL L-1 and EOO at 400 - 500 μL L-1 present the potential to promote fast anesthesia in R. quelen.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Berta M. Heinzmann
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Bernardo Baldisserotto
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Brazil
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Sepulchro LCO', Carvalho MAG, Gomes LC. Salinity does not alter the effectiveness of menthol as an anesthetic and sedative during the handling and transport of juvenile fat snook (Centropomus parallelus). BRAZ J BIOL 2016; 76:757-63. [PMID: 27097096 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.04115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The effectiveness of menthol as anesthetic and sedative for fat snook (Centropomus parallelus) was tested at different salinities. In the first experiment, the fish were exposed to different concentrations of menthol (25, 37 and 50 mg L-1) in water at different salinities (0, 17 and 36 ppt). In the second experiment, the fish were transported for 10 hours in water with menthol at concentrations of 0, 3.7 and 7.4 mg L-1 under different salinities. Na+ and K+ ions from fish body and water were analyzed after transport. The optimal concentrations of menthol for a short handling period and surgical induction was 37 and 50 mg L-1, respectively, and these values were independent of salinity. After transport, neither mortality nor significant changes in ammonia or dissolved oxygen were observed between treatments at the different salinities. The nitrite levels were lower in freshwater than in brackish and saltwater, but did not change with mentol. The total body levels of Na+ increased with the salinity increase. Menthol is an effective anesthetic for handling of juvenile fat snook at different salinities. Menthol did not influence the measured water parameters and body ions, and it is not necessary for the transport of fat snook.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C O 'r Sepulchro
- Laboratório de Ictiologia Aplicada, Universidade Vila Velha, Universidade de Vila Velha, Vila Velha ES , Brazil, Laboratório de Ictiologia Aplicada, Universidade Vila Velha - UVV, Rua Comissário José Dantas de Melo, 21, Boa Vista, CEP 29101-770, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
| | - M A G Carvalho
- Laboratório de Ictiologia Aplicada, Universidade Vila Velha, Universidade de Vila Velha, Vila Velha ES , Brazil, Laboratório de Ictiologia Aplicada, Universidade Vila Velha - UVV, Rua Comissário José Dantas de Melo, 21, Boa Vista, CEP 29101-770, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
| | - L C Gomes
- Laboratório de Ictiologia Aplicada, Universidade Vila Velha, Universidade de Vila Velha, Vila Velha ES , Brazil, Laboratório de Ictiologia Aplicada, Universidade Vila Velha - UVV, Rua Comissário José Dantas de Melo, 21, Boa Vista, CEP 29101-770, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
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