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Tatarenko Y, Li M, Pouletaut P, Kammoun M, Hawse JR, Joumaa V, Herzog W, Chatelin S, Bensamoun SF. Multiscale analysis of Klf10's impact on the passive mechanical properties of murine skeletal muscle. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2024; 150:106298. [PMID: 38096609 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.106298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a hierarchical structure composed of multiple organizational scales. A major challenge in the biomechanical evaluation of muscle relates to the difficulty in evaluating the experimental mechanical properties at the different organizational levels of the same tissue. Indeed, the ability to integrate mechanical properties evaluated at various levels will allow for improved assessment of the entire tissue, leading to a better understanding of how changes at each level evolve over time and/or impact tissue function, especially in the case of muscle diseases. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze a genetically engineered mouse model (Klf10 KO: Krüppel-Like Factor 10 knockout) with known skeletal muscle defects to compare the mechanical properties with wild-type (WT) controls at the three main muscle scales: the macroscopic (whole muscle), microscopic (fiber) and submicron (myofibril) levels. Passive mechanical tests (ramp, relaxation) were performed on two types of skeletal muscle (soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL)). Results of the present study revealed muscle-type specific behaviors in both genotypes only at the microscopic scale. Interestingly, loss of Klf10 expression resulted in increased passive properties in the soleus but decreased passive properties in the EDL compared to WT controls. At the submicron scale, no changes were observed between WT and Klf10 KO myofibrils for either muscle; these results demonstrate that the passive property differences observed at the microscopic scale (fiber) are not caused by sarcomere intrinsic alterations but instead must originate outside the sarcomeres, likely in the collagen-based extracellular matrix. The macroscopic scale revealed similar passive mechanical properties between WT and Klf10 KO hindlimb muscles. The present study has allowed for a better understanding of the role of Klf10 on the passive mechanical properties of skeletal muscle and has provided reference data to the literature which could be used by the community for muscle multiscale modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Tatarenko
- Sorbonne University, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, CNRS UMR 7338, Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Compiègne, France; ICube, CNRS UMR 7357, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - M Li
- University of Calgary, Faculty of Kinesiology, Human Performance Laboratory, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - P Pouletaut
- Sorbonne University, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, CNRS UMR 7338, Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Compiègne, France
| | - M Kammoun
- Sorbonne University, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, CNRS UMR 7338, Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Compiègne, France
| | - J R Hawse
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - V Joumaa
- University of Calgary, Faculty of Kinesiology, Human Performance Laboratory, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - W Herzog
- University of Calgary, Faculty of Kinesiology, Human Performance Laboratory, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - S Chatelin
- ICube, CNRS UMR 7357, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - S F Bensamoun
- Sorbonne University, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, CNRS UMR 7338, Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Compiègne, France.
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2
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Lieber RL, Meyer G. Structure-Function relationships in the skeletal muscle extracellular matrix. J Biomech 2023; 152:111593. [PMID: 37099932 PMCID: PMC10176458 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2023.111593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
The vast majority of skeletal muscle biomechanical studies have rightly focused on its active contractile properties. However, skeletal muscle passive biomechanical properties have significant clinical impact in aging and disease and are yet incompletely understood. This review focuses on the passive biomechanical properties of the skeletal muscle extracellular matrix (ECM) and suggests aspects of its structural basis. Structural features of the muscle ECM such as perimysial cables, collagen cross-links and endomysial structures have been described, but the way in which these structures combine to create passive biomechanical properties is not completely known. We highlight the presence and organization of perimysial cables. We also demonstrate that the analytical approaches that define passive biomechanical properties are not necessarily straight forward. For example, multiple equations, such as linear, exponential, and polynomial are commonly used to fit raw stress-strain data. Similarly, multiple definitions of zero strain exist that affect muscle biomechanical property calculations. Finally, the appropriate length range over which to measure the mechanical properties is not clear. Overall, this review summarizes our current state of knowledge in these areas and suggests experimental approaches to measuring the structural and functional properties of skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard L Lieber
- Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, and Hines VA Medical Center, Maywood IL, United States.
| | - Gretchen Meyer
- Program in Physical Therapy, and Departments of Neurology, Biomedical Engineering and Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
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3
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Binder-Markey BI, Sychowski D, Lieber RL. Systematic review of skeletal muscle passive mechanics experimental methodology. J Biomech 2021; 129:110839. [PMID: 34736082 PMCID: PMC8671228 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2021.110839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Understanding passive skeletal muscle mechanics is critical in defining structure-function relationships in skeletal muscle and ultimately understanding pathologically impaired muscle. In this systematic review, we performed an exhaustive literature search using PRISMA guidelines to quantify passive muscle mechanical properties, summarized the methods used to create these data, and make recommendations to standardize future studies. We screened over 7500 papers and found 80 papers that met the inclusion criteria. These papers reported passive muscle mechanics from single muscle fiber to whole muscle across 16 species and 54 distinct muscles. We found a wide range of methodological differences in sample selection, preparation, testing, and analysis. The systematic review revealed that passive muscle mechanics is species and scale dependent-specifically within mammals, the passive mechanics increases non-linearly with scale. However, a detailed understanding of passive mechanics is still unclear because the varied methodologies impede comparisons across studies, scales, species, and muscles. Therefore, we recommend the following: smaller scales may be maintained within storage solution prior to testing, when samples are tested statically use 2-3 min of relaxation time, stress normalization at the whole muscle level be to physiologic cross-sectional area, strain normalization be to sarcomere length when possible, and an exponential equation be used to fit the data. Additional studies using these recommendations will allow exploration of the multiscale relationship of passive force within and across species to provide the fundamental knowledge needed to improve our understanding of passive muscle mechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin I Binder-Markey
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Sciences and School of Biomedical Engineering, Sciences, and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | | | - Richard L Lieber
- Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, IL, USA; Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA; Edward Hines V.A. Medical Center, Hines, IL, USA.
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4
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Mitsuhashi K, Ghosh S, Koibuchi H. Mathematical Modeling and Simulations for Large-Strain J-Shaped Diagrams of Soft Biological Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E715. [PMID: 30960640 PMCID: PMC6403835 DOI: 10.3390/polym10070715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we study stress⁻strain diagrams of soft biological materials such as animal skin, muscles, and arteries by Finsler geometry (FG) modeling. The stress⁻strain diagram of these biological materials is always J-shaped and is composed of toe, heel, linear, and failure regions. In the toe region, the stress is almost zero, and the length of this zero-stress region becomes very large (≃150%) in, for example, certain arteries. In this paper, we study long-toe diagrams using two-dimensional (2D) and 3D FG modeling techniques and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. We find that, except for the failure region, large-strain J-shaped diagrams are successfully reproduced by the FG models. This implies that the complex J-shaped curves originate from the interaction between the directional and positional degrees of freedom of polymeric molecules, as implemented in the FG model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Mitsuhashi
- Department of Industrial Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Ibaraki College, Nakane 866, Hitachinaka, Ibaraki 312-8508, Japan.
| | - Swapan Ghosh
- Department of Industrial Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Ibaraki College, Nakane 866, Hitachinaka, Ibaraki 312-8508, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Koibuchi
- Department of Industrial Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Ibaraki College, Nakane 866, Hitachinaka, Ibaraki 312-8508, Japan.
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5
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Lee HT, Kim MS, Lee GY, Kim CS, Ahn SH. Shape Memory Alloy (SMA)-Based Microscale Actuators with 60% Deformation Rate and 1.6 kHz Actuation Speed. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1801023. [PMID: 29717811 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201801023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Shape memory alloys (SMAs) are widely utilized as an actuation source in microscale devices, since they have a simple actuation mechanism and high-power density. However, they have limitations in terms of strain range and actuation speed. High-speed microscale SMA actuators are developed having diamond-shaped frame structures with a diameter of 25 µm. These structures allow for a large elongation range compared with bulk SMA materials, with the aid of spring-like behavior under tensile deformation. These actuators are validated in terms of their applicability as an artificial muscle in microscale by investigating their behavior under mechanical deformation and changes in thermal conditions. The shape memory effect is triggered by delivering thermal energy with a laser. The fast heating and cooling phenomenon caused by the scale effect allows high-speed actuation up to 1600 Hz. It is expected that the proposed actuators will contribute to the development of soft robots and biomedical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Taek Lee
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Soft Robotics Research Center, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Soo Kim
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Gil-Yong Lee
- Department of Mechanical engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, 61 Daehak-ro, Gumi, Gyeongbuk 39177, Republic of Korea
| | - Chung-Soo Kim
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Ahn
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Advanced Machinery and Design, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Engineering Practice, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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Honda Y, Tanaka M, Tanaka N, Sasabe R, Goto K, Kataoka H, Sakamoto J, Nakano J, Okita M. Relationship between extensibility and collagen expression in immobilized rat skeletal muscle. Muscle Nerve 2017; 57:672-678. [PMID: 29130528 DOI: 10.1002/mus.26011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study investigated longitudinal changes in muscle extension and collagen expression in an immobilized rat soleus muscle, and assessed the relationship between both elements. METHODS Soleus muscles of the control and immobilization groups (1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks) were used for analysis of muscle extensibility and collagen expression. RESULTS The slope value/physiological cross-sectional area (PCSA; a parameter for muscle extensibility) and hydroxyproline (a parameter for collagen expression) were significantly higher in the immobilization group than in the control group for all experimental time points. In the immobilization group, both factors were significantly higher at 4, 8, and 12 weeks than at 1 and 2 weeks after immobilization. A significant positive correlation was observed between the slope value/PCSA and hydroxyproline expression. DISCUSSION The present study indicated that a decrease in muscle extensibility depended on collagen overexpression in immobilized rat soleus muscles. Muscle Nerve 57: 672-678, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Honda
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nagasaki University Hospital, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan.,Department of Locomotive Rehabilitation Science, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Miho Tanaka
- Department of Rehabilitation, Iizuka Hospital, Iizuka, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Natsumi Tanaka
- Department of Physical Therapy Science, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Ryo Sasabe
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nagasaki University Hospital, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan.,Department of Locomotive Rehabilitation Science, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kyo Goto
- Department of Locomotive Rehabilitation Science, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hideki Kataoka
- Department of Locomotive Rehabilitation Science, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Junya Sakamoto
- Department of Physical Therapy Science, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Jiro Nakano
- Department of Physical Therapy Science, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Minoru Okita
- Department of Locomotive Rehabilitation Science, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
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7
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Takano Y, Koibuchi H. J-shaped stress-strain diagram of collagen fibers: Frame tension of triangulated surfaces with fixed boundaries. Phys Rev E 2017; 95:042411. [PMID: 28505728 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.95.042411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We present Monte Carlo data of the stress-strain diagrams obtained using two different triangulated surface models. The first is the canonical surface model of Helfrich and Polyakov (HP), and the second is a Finsler geometry (FG) model. The shape of the experimentally observed stress-strain diagram is called J-shaped. Indeed, the diagram has a plateau for the small strain region and becomes linear in the relatively large strain region. Because of this highly nonlinear behavior, the J-shaped diagram is far beyond the scope of the ordinary theory of elasticity. Therefore, the mechanism behind the J-shaped diagram still remains to be clarified, although it is commonly believed that the collagen degrees of freedom play an essential role. We find that the FG modeling technique provides a coarse-grained picture for the interaction between the collagen and the bulk material. The role of the directional degrees of freedom of collagen molecules or fibers can be understood in the context of FG modeling. We also discuss the reason for why the J-shaped diagram cannot (can) be explained by the HP (FG) model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Takano
- National Institute of Technology, Ibaraki College, Nakane 866, Hitachinaka, Ibaraki 312-8508, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Koibuchi
- National Institute of Technology, Ibaraki College, Nakane 866, Hitachinaka, Ibaraki 312-8508, Japan
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8
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Ma Y, Feng X, Rogers JA, Huang Y, Zhang Y. Design and application of 'J-shaped' stress-strain behavior in stretchable electronics: a review. LAB ON A CHIP 2017; 17:1689-1704. [PMID: 28470286 PMCID: PMC5505255 DOI: 10.1039/c7lc00289k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A variety of natural biological tissues (e.g., skin, ligaments, spider silk, blood vessel) exhibit 'J-shaped' stress-strain behavior, thereby combining soft, compliant mechanics and large levels of stretchability, with a natural 'strain-limiting' mechanism to prevent damage from excessive strain. Synthetic materials with similar stress-strain behaviors have potential utility in many promising applications, such as tissue engineering (to reproduce the nonlinear mechanical properties of real biological tissues) and biomedical devices (to enable natural, comfortable integration of stretchable electronics with biological tissues/organs). Recent advances in this field encompass developments of novel material/structure concepts, fabrication approaches, and unique device applications. This review highlights five representative strategies, including designs that involve open network, wavy and wrinkled morphologies, helical layouts, kirigami and origami constructs, and textile formats. Discussions focus on the underlying ideas, the fabrication/assembly routes, and the microstructure-property relationships that are essential for optimization of the desired 'J-shaped' stress-strain responses. Demonstration applications provide examples of the use of these designs in deformable electronics and biomedical devices that offer soft, compliant mechanics but with inherent robustness against damage from excessive deformation. We conclude with some perspectives on challenges and opportunities for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinji Ma
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Center for Mechanics and Materials, AML, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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9
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Viana WCM, Lambertz D, Borges ES, Neto AMO, Lambertz KMFT, Amaral A. Serum protein concentration in low-dose total body irradiation of normal and malnourished rats. Appl Radiat Isot 2016; 118:232-237. [PMID: 27689307 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2016.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Revised: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Among the radiotherapeutics' modalities, total body irradiation (TBI) is used as treatment for certain hematological, oncological and immunological diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term effects of low-dose TBI on plasma concentration of total protein and albumin using prematurely and undernourished rats as animal model. For this, four groups with 9 animals each were formed: Normal nourished (N); Malnourished (M); Irradiated Normal nourished (IN); Irradiated Malnourished (IM). At the age of 28 days, rats of the IN and IM groups underwent total body gamma irradiation with a source of cobalt-60. Total protein and Albumin in the blood serum was quantified by colorimetry. This research indicates that procedures involving low-dose total body irradiation in children have repercussions in the reduction in body-mass as well as in the plasma levels of total protein and albumin. Our findings reinforce the periodic monitoring of total serum protein and albumin levels as an important tool in long-term follow-up of pediatric patients in treatments associated to total body irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- W C M Viana
- Núcleo de Educação Física e Ciências do Esporte/Centro Acadêmico de Vitória - CAV/Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE, Brazil.
| | - D Lambertz
- Departamento de Energia Nuclear - DEN/Centro de Tecnologia e Geociências - CTG/Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE, Brazil
| | - E S Borges
- Departamento de Energia Nuclear - DEN/Centro de Tecnologia e Geociências - CTG/Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE, Brazil
| | - A M O Neto
- Centro de Radioterapia de Pernambuco CERAPE/Hospital de Câncer de Pernambuco-HCP, Brazil
| | - K M F T Lambertz
- Departamento de Fisioterapia - DEFISIO/Centro de Ciências da Saúde/Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE, Brazil
| | - A Amaral
- Departamento de Energia Nuclear - DEN/Centro de Tecnologia e Geociências - CTG/Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE, Brazil
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10
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Confortim HD, Jerônimo LC, Centenaro LA, Pinheiro PFF, Matheus SMM, Torrejais MM. Maternal protein restriction during pregnancy and lactation affects the development of muscle fibers and neuromuscular junctions in rats. Muscle Nerve 2016; 55:109-115. [PMID: 27171684 DOI: 10.1002/mus.25187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A balanced maternal diet is a determining factor in normal fetal development. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of maternal protein restriction during pregnancy and lactation on muscle fiber and neuromuscular junction (NMJ) morphology of rat offspring at 21 days of age. METHODS Wistar rats were divided into a control group (CG), offspring of mothers fed a normal protein diet (17%), and a restricted group (RG), offspring of mothers fed a low-protein diet (6%). After a period of lactation, the animals were euthanized, and soleus muscles were obtained from pups for analysis. RESULTS The soleus muscles of the RG exhibited an increase of 133% in the number of fibers and of 79% in the amount of nuclei. Moreover, the number of NMJs was lower in the restricted group than in the CG. CONCLUSIONS Maternal protein restriction alters the normal development of the neuromuscular system. Muscle Nerve 55: 109-115, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heloisa Deola Confortim
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências e Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Leslie Cazetta Jerônimo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências e Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Lígia Aline Centenaro
- Centro de Ciências Médicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Fernanda Felipe Pinheiro
- Departamento de Anatomia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Selma Maria Michelin Matheus
- Departamento de Anatomia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcia Miranda Torrejais
- Centro de Ciências Médicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil
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11
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Pingel J, Wienecke J, Lorentzen J, Nielsen JB. Botulinum toxin injection causes hyper-reflexia and increased muscle stiffness of the triceps surae muscle in the rat. J Neurophysiol 2016; 116:2615-2623. [PMID: 27628204 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00452.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Botulinum toxin is used with the intention of diminishing spasticity and reducing the risk of development of contractures. Here, we investigated changes in muscle stiffness caused by reflex activity or elastic muscle properties following botulinum toxin injection in the triceps surae muscle in rats. Forty-four rats received injection of botulinum toxin in the left triceps surae muscle. Control measurements were performed on the noninjected contralateral side in all rats. Acute experiments were performed, 1, 2, 4, and 8 wk following injection. The triceps surae muscle was dissected free, and the Achilles tendon was cut and attached to a muscle puller. The resistance of the muscle to stretches of different amplitudes and velocities was systematically investigated. Reflex-mediated torque was normalized to the maximal muscle force evoked by supramaximal stimulation of the tibial nerve. Botulinum toxin injection caused severe atrophy of the triceps surae muscle at all time points. The force generated by stretch reflex activity was also strongly diminished but not to the same extent as the maximal muscle force at 2 and 4 wk, signifying a relative reflex hyperexcitability. Passive muscle stiffness was unaltered at 1 wk but increased at 2, 4, and 8 wk (P < 0.01). These data demonstrate that botulinum toxin causes a relative increase in reflex stiffness, which is likely caused by compensatory neuroplastic changes. The stiffness of elastic elements in the muscles also increased. The data are not consistent with the ideas that botulinum toxin is an efficient antispastic medication or that it may prevent development of contractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Pingel
- Neural Control of Movement Research Group, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jacob Wienecke
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sport, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; and
| | - Jakob Lorentzen
- Neural Control of Movement Research Group, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Elsass Institute, Charlottenlund, Denmark
| | - Jens Bo Nielsen
- Neural Control of Movement Research Group, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; .,Elsass Institute, Charlottenlund, Denmark
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Abstract
BACKGROUND A nutrient-rich maternal diet before and during pregnancy is associated with improved fetal health, more appropriate birth weight, and increased rates of maternal and infant survival. Physicians need a better understanding of the role of diet in shaping fetal outcomes. Given this background, we reviewed and summarized articles on maternal nutrition found in MEDLINE since 1981, written in English, and limited to human subjects. FOR THE OFFSPRING Maternal diets high in sugar and fat lead to an increased incidence of metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease later in life. Folic acid should be supplemented prior to conception and continued through at least the first 28 days of fetal life to prevent neural tube defects, and vitamin C should be given to women who smoke to lower the incidence of asthma and wheezing in the children. Iodine deficiency is increasing, and iodine should be included in prenatal supplements. If the maternal hemoglobin is 7 g/dL or more, there is no evidence that iron supplementation is needed. Fish intake during pregnancy is protective against atopic outcomes, whereas high-meat diets contribute to elevated adult blood pressure and hypersecretion of cortisol. FOR THE MOTHER Calcium supplementation lowers the risk of preeclampsia and hypertensive disease in pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS Given the limits of our current knowledge, a diet rich in whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and selected fish is desirable for the best outcomes. Diets high in sugar and fat lead to higher rates of diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. Folic acid, iodine, and calcium in all pregnant women and vitamin C in smokers are the only supplements so far shown to be of value for routine use. The physician treating a pregnant woman should be ready to advise a healthy diet for the benefit of the fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard I. Lowensohn
- *Adjunct Associate Professor, Obstetrics & Gynecology and Medical Informatics & Clinical Epidemiology, †Assistant Professor of Medicine, and ‡Clinical Dietitian Specialist, Center for Women’s Health, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Diane D. Stadler
- *Adjunct Associate Professor, Obstetrics & Gynecology and Medical Informatics & Clinical Epidemiology, †Assistant Professor of Medicine, and ‡Clinical Dietitian Specialist, Center for Women’s Health, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Christie Naze
- *Adjunct Associate Professor, Obstetrics & Gynecology and Medical Informatics & Clinical Epidemiology, †Assistant Professor of Medicine, and ‡Clinical Dietitian Specialist, Center for Women’s Health, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
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13
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Effects of aging and maternal protein restriction on the muscle fibers morphology and neuromuscular junctions of rats after nutritional recovery. Micron 2015; 71:7-13. [PMID: 25597842 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2014.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Revised: 12/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Changes in the nutritional status of mothers may predispose their offspring to neuromuscular disorders in the long term. This study evaluated the effects of maternal protein restriction during pregnancy and lactation on the muscle fibers and neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) of the soleus muscle in the offspring of rats at 365 days of age that had undergone nutritional recovery. Wistar rats were divided into two groups: control (CG)--the offspring of mothers fed a normal protein diet (17%) and restricted (RG)--offspring of mothers fed a low protein diet (6%). After lactation, the male pups received standard chow ad libitum. At 365 days, samples of soleus muscle were collected for muscle fiber analysis (HE staining, NADH-TR reaction and ultrastructure), intramuscular collagen quantification (picrosirius red staining) and NMJs analysis (non-specific esterase technique). The cross-sectional area of type I fibers was reduced by 20% and type IIa fibers by 5% while type IIb fibers increased by 5% in the RG compared to the CG. The percentage of intramuscular collagen was 19% lower in the RG. Disorganization of the myofibrils and Z line was observed, with the presence of clusters of mitochondria in both groups. Regarding the NMJs, in the RG there was a reduction of 10% in the area and 17% in the small diameter and an increase of 7% in the large diameter. The results indicate that the effects of maternal protein restriction on muscle fibers and NMJs seem to be long-lasting and irreversible.
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Bento-Santos A, Silveira LDR, Manhães-de-Castro R, Leandro CG. Desnutrição perinatal e o controle hipotalâmico do comportamento alimentar e do metabolismo do músculo esquelético. REV NUTR 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s1415-52732012000300010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A deficiência de nutrientes durante os períodos críticos do desenvolvimento tem sido associada com maior risco para desenvolver obesidade e diabetes Mellitus na vida adulta. Um dos mecanismos propostos refere-se à regulação do comportamento alimentar e às alterações do metabolismo energético do músculo esquelético. Recentemente, tem sido proposta a existência de uma comunicação entre o hipotálamo e o músculo esquelético a partir de sinais autonômicos que podem explicar as repercussões da desnutrição perinatal. Assim, esta revisão tem como objetivo discutir as repercussões da desnutrição perinatal sobre o comportamento alimentar e o metabolismo energético muscular e a comunicação existente entre o hipotálamo e o músculo via sinais adrenérgicos. Foram utilizadas as bases de dados MedLine/PubMed, Lilacs e Bireme, com publicações entre 2000 e 2011. Os termos de indexação utilizados foram: feeding behavior, energy metabolism, protein malnutrition, developmental plasticity, skeletal muscle e autonomic nervous system. Concluiu-se que a desnutrição perinatal pode atuar no controle hipotalâmico do comportamento alimentar e no metabolismo energético muscular, e a comunicação hipotálamo-músculo pode favorecer o desenvolvimento de obesidade e comorbidades durante o desenvolvimento.
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Paiva MDG, Souza TOL, Canon F, Pérot C, Xavier LCC, Ferraz KM, Osório MM, Manhães-de-Castro R, Lambertz D. Stunting delays maturation of triceps surae mechanical properties and motor performance in prepubertal children. Eur J Appl Physiol 2012; 112:4053-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s00421-012-2387-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2011] [Accepted: 03/15/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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16
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Kirankumar Patel K, Caramelli B, Rocha E Silva M. The locomotor system as seen in Brazilian medical journals: a restricted collection of papers. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2011; 57:475-86. [DOI: 10.1590/s0104-42302011000400025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2011] [Accepted: 05/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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17
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The locomotor system as seen in Brazilian medical journals: a restricted collection of papers. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0104-4230(11)70096-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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18
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Camargo OPD, Leme LEG. Estudo de publicações brasileiras em periódicos gerais de artigos sobre aparelho locomotor. ACTA ORTOPEDICA BRASILEIRA 2011. [DOI: 10.1590/s1413-78522011000600011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sào estudados os perfis de publicação de artigos relacionados ao aparelho locomotor em duas revistas médicas brasileiras gerais indexadas. Os autores estudam o perfil de publicação de artigos com registro no PUBMED, em um período de dois anos. Selecionados 39 artigos com distribuição heterogênea entre as revistas estudadas. Observaram-se nítida progressão no número de artigos entre os anos estudados em ambas as publicações, principalmente em Clinics. Entre as áreas de interesse os artigos referentes a cirurgia, abordagens clínicas e estudos biomecânicos tiveram expressiva presença em Clinics. Na RAMB os estudos estiveram centrados exclusivamente na área de interesse clínico. Quanto ao desenho predominaram em Clinics ensaios clínicos, revisões e séries de casos. Na RAMB Houve predomínio de séries de casos, revisões e estudos diagnósticos
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