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Polymorphisms at CYP enzymes, NR1I2 and NR1I3 in association with virologic response to antiretroviral therapy in Brazilian HIV-positive individuals. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2022; 22:33-38. [PMID: 34504302 DOI: 10.1038/s41397-021-00254-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Virologic failure of antiretroviral therapy (ART) may be explained by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in drug absorption and metabolism genes. Here, we characterized the associations between polymorphisms in cytochrome P450 enzymes' genes CYP2B6 and CYP3A4/A5, nuclear receptor genes NR1I2/3, and initial ART efficacy among 203 HIV-positive individuals from Rio de Janeiro. Association between SNPs and virologic control was evaluated after 6 and 12 months of follow-up using Cox regression models. The SNP rs2307424 (NR1I3) was associated with increased virologic response after 12 months of treatment, while rs1523127 (NR1I2), rs3003596, and rs2502815 (NR1I3) were associated with decreased response. Increased virologic response after 12 months (adjHR = 1.54; p = 0.02) was also observed among carriers of the NR1I3 haplotype rs2502815G-rs3003596A-rs2307424A versus the reference haplotype G-A-G. Our results suggest that NR1I2 and NR1I3 variants are associated with virologic responses to ART among Brazilians.
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Influence of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms on Rifampin Pharmacokinetics in Tuberculosis Patients. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9060307. [PMID: 32521634 PMCID: PMC7344705 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9060307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Rifampin (RF) is metabolized in the liver into an active metabolite 25-desacetylrifampin and excreted almost equally via biliary and renal routes. Various influx and efflux transporters influence RF disposition during hepatic uptake and biliary excretion. Evidence has also shown that Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and Vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms are associated with tuberculosis (TB). Hence, genetic polymorphisms of metabolizing enzymes, drug transporters and/or their transcriptional regulators and VDR and its pathway regulators may affect the pharmacokinetics of RF. In this narrative review, we aim to identify literature that has explored the influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of genes encoding drug transporters and their transcriptional regulators (SLCO1B1, ABCB1, PXR and CAR), metabolizing enzymes (CES1, CES2 and AADAC) and VDR and its pathway regulators (VDR, CYP27B1 and CYP24A1) on plasma RF concentrations in TB patients on antitubercular therapy. Available reports to date have shown that there is a lack of any association of ABCB1, PXR, CAR, CES1 and AADAC genetic variants with plasma concentrations of RF. Further evidence is required from a more comprehensive exploration of the association of SLCO1B1, CES2 and Vitamin D pathway gene variants with RF pharmacokinetics in distinct ethnic groups and a larger population to reach conclusive information.
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Rana M, Coshic P, Goswami R, Tyagi RK. Influence of a critical single nucleotide polymorphism on nuclear receptor PXR-promoter function. Cell Biol Int 2017; 41:570-576. [DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manjul Rana
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine; Jawaharlal Nehru University; New Delhi 110067 India
| | - Poonam Coshic
- Department of Transfusion Medicine; All India Institute of Medical Sciences; New Delhi 110029 India
| | - Ravinder Goswami
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism; All India Institute of Medical Sciences; New Delhi 110029 India
| | - Rakesh K. Tyagi
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine; Jawaharlal Nehru University; New Delhi 110067 India
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Rana M, Devi S, Gourinath S, Goswami R, Tyagi RK. A comprehensive analysis and functional characterization of naturally occurring non-synonymous variants of nuclear receptor PXR. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2016; 1859:1183-1197. [PMID: 26962022 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Pregnane & Xenobiotic Receptor (PXR) acts as a xenosensing transcriptional regulator of many drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters of the 'detoxification machinery' that coordinate in elimination of xenobiotics and endobiotics from the cellular milieu. It is an accepted view that some individuals or specific populations display considerable differences in their ability to metabolize different drugs, dietary constituents, herbals etc. In this context we speculated that polymorphisms in PXR gene might contribute to variability in cytochrome P450 (CYP450) metabolizing enzymes of phase I, drug metabolizing components of phase II and efflux components of the detoxification machinery. Therefore, in this study, we have undertaken a comprehensive functional analysis of seventeen naturally occurring non-synonymous variants of human PXR. When compared, we observed that some of the PXR SNP variants exhibit distinct functional and dynamic responses on parameters which included transcriptional function, sub-cellular localization, mitotic chromatin binding, DNA-binding properties and other molecular interactions. One of the unique SNP located within the DNA-binding domain of PXR was found to be functionally null and distinct on other parameters. Similarly, some of the non-synonymous SNPs in PXR imparted reduced transactivation function as compared to wild type PXR. Interestingly, PXR is reported to be a mitotic chromatin binding protein and such an association has been correlated to an emerging concept of 'transcription memory' and altered transcription output. In view of the observations made herein our data suggest that some of the natural PXR variants may have adverse physiological consequences owing to its influence on the expression levels and functional output of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters. The present study is expected to explain not only the observed inter-individual responses to different drugs but may also highlight the mechanistic details and importance of PXR in drug clearance, drug-drug interactions and diverse metabolic disorders. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Xenobiotic nuclear receptors: New Tricks for An Old Dog, edited by Dr. Wen Xie.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjul Rana
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Suneeta Devi
- School of Life-Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Samudrala Gourinath
- School of Life-Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Ravinder Goswami
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Rakesh K Tyagi
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.
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Wattanakul T, Avihingsanon A, Manosuthi W, Punyawudho B. Population pharmacokinetics of nevirapine in Thai HIV-infected patients. Antivir Ther 2014; 19:651-60. [PMID: 24504545 DOI: 10.3851/imp2741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nevirapine-based antiretroviral therapy is widely used as a first-line treatment for HIV-infected patients in resource-limited settings. Nevirapine plasma concentration has been shown to be associated with virological response and treatment failure. Therefore, identifying sources of the variability of nevirapine pharmacokinetics is important for dose optimization. The purpose of the current study was to determine the population mean pharmacokinetic parameters and identify factors that influence pharmacokinetic parameters of nevirapine in Thai HIV-infected patients. METHODS The model was developed by a non-linear mixed-effects modelling approach using NONMEM. Model validation was performed using bootstrap analysis and external validation. Additionally, nevirapine plasma concentrations of 200 mg twice daily (NVPBID) and 400 mg once daily (NVPOD) were simulated using the final model to investigate the impact of the covariates and different dosage regimens on nevirapine steady state concentrations. RESULTS The apparent clearance (CL/F) of nevirapine estimated from this population was 2.51 l/h which is lower than the values previously reported in other populations. The concomitant use of rifampicin increased CL/F by 20%. Simulated nevirapine plasma concentrations from NVPBID were superior to the NVPOD regimen. CONCLUSIONS This population-based pharmacokinetic model can be used for optimizing nevirapine dosage regimens for individual patients to improve efficacy and safety of nevirapine therapy in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanaporn Wattanakul
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Gao L, He Y, Tang J, Yin J, Huang Z, Liu F, Ouyang D, Chen X, Zhang W, Liu Z, Zhou H. Genetic Variants of Pregnane X Receptor (PXR) and CYP2B6 Affect the Induction of Bupropion Hydroxylation by Sodium Ferulate. PLoS One 2013; 8:e62489. [PMID: 23840296 PMCID: PMC3686783 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2012] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED This study investigated the effects of pregnane X receptor (PXR/NR1I2) and CYP2B6 genetic variants on sodium ferulate (SF)-mediated induction of bupropion hydroxylation. The pharmacokinetics of bupropion and hydroxybupropion were evaluated after an oral dose of bupropion (150 mg) administered with and without SF pretreatment for 14 days in 33 healthy subjects. The area under the time-concentration curve (AUC) ratio of AUC_hyd (AUC(0-∞) of hydroxybupropion)/AUC_bup (AUC(0-∞) of bupropion) represents the CYP2B6 hydroxylation activity, which was significantly lower in CYP2B6*6 carriers (NR1I2 TGT noncarriers or carriers) than in noncarriers in both the basal and SF-induced states (p-value<0.05). AUC ratio and AUC_hyd of NR1I2 -24113AA variant were markedly lower than GA and GG genotypes (7.5±2.1 versus 14.5±3.3 and 20.6±1.1, and 8873±1431 versus 14,504±2218 and 17,586±1046) in the induced states. However, -24020(-)/(-) variant didn't show significant difference in the induction of CYP2B6 hydroxylation activity by SF compared with other -24020[GAGAAG]/(-) genotypes. NR1I2 TGT haplotype (-25385T+g.7635G+g.8055T) carriers exhibited a significantly decreased AUC ratio, compared with TGT noncarriers, in the basal states (7.6±1.0 versus 9.7±1.0), while this result wasn't observed in CYP2B6*6 noncarriers. Moreover, individuals with complete mutation-type [CYP2B6*6/*6+NR1I2 TGT+ -24113AA+ -24020 (-)/(-)] showed even lower percent difference of AUC ratio (8.7±1.2 versus 39.5±8.2) than those with complete wild-type. In conclusion, it is suggested that NR1I2 variants decrease the bupropion hydroxylation induced by SF treatment, particularly in CYP2B6*6 carriers. TRIAL REGISTRATION ChiCTR.org ChiCTR-TRC-11001285.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichen Gao
- Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yijing He
- Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Institute for Pharmacogenomics and Individualized Therapy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Jie Tang
- Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiye Yin
- Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhengyu Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fangqun Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dongsheng Ouyang
- Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaoqian Liu
- Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Honghao Zhou
- Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- * E-mail:
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Cui Y, Xue H, Lin B, Ni P, Fang JY. Response to Pan's Letter. DNA Cell Biol 2012. [DOI: 10.1089/dna.2011.1534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Cui
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Gastrointestinal Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiping Xue
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Gastrointestinal Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Lin
- Department of Nutrition, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Peihua Ni
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Yuan Fang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Gastrointestinal Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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