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Ossa-López PA, Mancilla-Agrono LY, Micolta LFB, Ramírez-Chaves HE, Agudelo JDC, Muñoz-Leal S, Labruna MB, Lloyd V, Rivera-Páez FA. Morphological and molecular confirmation of Ornithodoros hasei (Schulze, 1935) (Acari: Argasidae) in Colombia. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2023; 14:102142. [PMID: 36791538 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2023.102142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
A large number of tick species are proven vectors for the transmission of bacteria, protozoa, and viruses. Soft ticks (Acari: Argasidae) in South America have been found to be the most frequent carriers of borreliae of the relapsing fever group (RFG); however, there are several information gaps specially on the taxonomy and distribution of some tick species. Here, we used light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and PCR amplification of a fragment of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene to evaluate 174 larvae of Ornithodoros (Argasidae) collected from three bat species (Eptesicus orinocensis, Molossus rufus and Noctilio albiventris) in the Orinoquia Region of Colombia. The morphological and molecular results confirmed that all the analyzed larvae corresponded to Ornithodoros hasei. Comparisons of mitochondrial 16S rDNA sequences showed low genetic divergence (0% - 0.3%) between larvae of the Department of Arauca in the Orinoquia Region and higher genetic divergence (3.4 - 4.7%) in sequences from other American countries. Our work represents the most recent collection of this species in Colombia and provides a molecular evaluation for the first time. Moreover, a new association of O. hasei with bats such as E. orinocensis is documented. Considering the wide distribution of O. hasei in the American Continent, and its putative role as vector for Borrelia, integrative studies that involve morphological, morphometric, molecular data and experimental crosses are needed to determine if the higher genetic distances are associated with cryptic speciation, as detected in other tick complexes, or represent genetic divergences among geographically different populations of O. hasei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula A Ossa-López
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Biodiversidad y Manejo de Ecosistemas (GEBIOME), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Caldas, Calle 65 No. 26-10, Manizales, Caldas 170004, Colombia; Doctorado en Ciencias, Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Caldas, Calle 65 No. 26-10, Manizales, Caldas 170004, Colombia
| | - Lorys Y Mancilla-Agrono
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Biodiversidad y Manejo de Ecosistemas (GEBIOME), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Caldas, Calle 65 No. 26-10, Manizales, Caldas 170004, Colombia
| | - Lizeth Fernanda Banguero Micolta
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Biodiversidad y Manejo de Ecosistemas (GEBIOME), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Caldas, Calle 65 No. 26-10, Manizales, Caldas 170004, Colombia
| | - Héctor E Ramírez-Chaves
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Biodiversidad y Manejo de Ecosistemas (GEBIOME), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Caldas, Calle 65 No. 26-10, Manizales, Caldas 170004, Colombia; Centro de Museos, Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad de Caldas, Calle 65 No 26-10, Manizales, Caldas 170004, Colombia
| | - Juan David Carvajal Agudelo
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Biodiversidad y Manejo de Ecosistemas (GEBIOME), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Caldas, Calle 65 No. 26-10, Manizales, Caldas 170004, Colombia
| | - Sebastián Muñoz-Leal
- Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, Av. Vicente Méndez 595, Casilla 537, Chillán, Ñuble, Chile
| | - Marcelo B Labruna
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo-USP, Av. Prof. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP CEP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Vett Lloyd
- Department of Biology, Mount Allison University, 35B York St. Sackville, New Brunswick E4L 1G7, Canada
| | - Fredy A Rivera-Páez
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Biodiversidad y Manejo de Ecosistemas (GEBIOME), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Caldas, Calle 65 No. 26-10, Manizales, Caldas 170004, Colombia.
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Gonçalves ES, Cordeiro MD, Dos Santos LMR, Araújo IM, da Fonseca AH, Labruna MB, Guedes E. Research of Rickettsia spp. and Borrelia spp. in dogs in Southeast Brazil. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2022; 30:100706. [PMID: 35431064 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2022.100706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Dogs are important in the epidemiology of tick-borne diseases, playing a significant role mainly in endemic areas of rickettsiosis and borreliosis, and serving as sentinels in epidemiological surveys. We analyzed the distribution of Rickettsia and Borrelia spp. in dogs and their ticks in the municipalities of Guaxupé, Minas Gerais, and Tapiratiba, São Paulo, Brazil, two areas non-endemic for Baggio-Yoshinari Syndrome (BYS) and rickettsiosis. Serum from 242 dogs of different ages (>12 months) and breeds were tested by the Indirect Immunofluorescence Assay (IFA) using specific antigens for Rickettsia rickettsii, Rickettsia parkeri, Rickettsia amblyommatis, Rickettsia rhipicephali, and Rickettsia bellii, and by an indirect Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) for the detection of homologous IgG antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi American strain G39/40. Ticks were collected from the animals and subjected to PCR and nested PCR for detection of Rickettsia spp. (synthase citrate gene) and Borrelia spp. (flagellin gene). Serological data showed that 7.85% (19/242) of the analyzed dogs were seropositive for at least one of the five Rickettsia antigens tested; one (0.41%) was considered seropositive for R. parkeri (1:64) and one (0.41%) for R. rickettsii (1:256). Nine (3.72%) were considered seropositive for R. bellii and one (0.41%) for R. amblyommatis; a seroprevalence of 13.64% (33/242) for IgG class immunoreactive antibodies against B. burgdorferi was observed. A total of 148 ticks were collected from the dogs; among these 3.40% were identified as larvae of the genus Rhipicephalus and 0.70% of the genus Amblyomma; 89.8% were identified as Rhipicephalus sanguineus, 4.70% Amblyomma sculptum and 1.40% Amblyomma ovale; all negative for PCR of Rickettsia spp. and nested PCR for Borrelia spp.. The serological findings of this study suggest the circulation of Rickettsiae associated with the spotted fever group and vector ticks, just like Borrelia spp. in a non-endemic Brazilian area, drawing attention to the possibility of a zoonotic cycle in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Santana Gonçalves
- Postgraduate Program in Reproduction, Health and Animal Welfare of the José do Rosário Vellano University (UNIFENAS), Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Matheus Dias Cordeiro
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases of the Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Brazil
| | | | - Izabela Mesquita Araújo
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases of the Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Bahia Labruna
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechny, University of São Paulo (USP), Brazil
| | - Elizângela Guedes
- Postgraduate Program in Reproduction, Health and Animal Welfare of the José do Rosário Vellano University (UNIFENAS), Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Bitencourt MM, Bezerra AMR. Infection agents of Didelphidae (Didelphimorphia) of Brazil: an underestimated matter in zoonoses research. MAMMALIA 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/mammalia-2021-0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Zoonoses are diseases or infections naturally transmissible from vertebrate animals to humans, and can be bacterial, viral or parasitic. The growth of urbanization, industrialization and the advance of agriculture and livestock facilitate the spread of infectious and parasitic agents from wild animals to the human population and to their domestic animals. Among the various reservoirs of zoonotic agents, we find that didelphid species, due to their high capacity for adaptation in urban environments, as an important study case. We reviewed the literature data on the pathogens, including with zoonotic potential of marsupial species occurring in Brazil, accounted for infections by agents that we categorized into Bacteria, Viruses, Protozoa, and Helminths. Aiming identifies possible knowledge gaps, we also surveyed the origin of studied samples and the institutions leading the researches on host didelphids. Among the hosts, the genus Didelphis in the cycles of these agents stands out. Moreover, we found that the majority of reported cases are in the Southeastern Brazil, mean the data from other Brazilian localities and didelphid species could be underestimated. Most studies took place in graduate programs of public research institutions, emphasizing the importance of the funding public research for the Brazilian scientific development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus M. Bitencourt
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará , Rua Augusto Corrêa, 01, CEP 66075-110 , Belém , PA , Brazil
| | - Alexandra M. R. Bezerra
- Mastozoologia/COZOO, Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Campus de Pesquisa , Av. Perimetral 1901, CEP 66077-830 , Belém , PA , Brazil
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Tick-borne zoonotic agents infecting horses from an urban area in Midwestern Brazil: epidemiological and hematological features. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:475. [PMID: 34553290 PMCID: PMC8457776 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02887-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of tick-borne diseases has been reported as a serious problem in public health worldwide and many aspects of its epidemiology and effects on the health of its hosts are unclear. We aimed to perform an epidemiological study of tick-borne zoonotic Rickettsia, Borrelia, and Anaplasmataceae in horses from Midwestern Brazil. We also evaluated whether Borrelia spp. and Anaplasmataceae may be associated with hematological disorders in the sampled animals. Blood and serum samples as well as ticks were collected from 262 horses. Serum samples were used to perform serological tests, and hematological analyses were made using whole blood. Furthermore, DNA extracted from whole blood and ticks was used for molecular tests. Campo Grande is enzootic for tick-borne studied bacteria, since we found an overall exposure of 59.9% of the sampled horses, 28.7% of them presented co-exposure. Seropositivity rates of 20.6% for Borrelia spp., 25.6% for Rickettsia spp., and 31.6% for Anaplasmataceae were found in the sampled horses. Considering both molecular and serological tests for Borrelia spp., the infection rate was 48.0% (126/262). None of the tested horses showed molecular positivity for Anaplasma phagocytophilum. The horses sampled displayed 7.2% of parasitism by ixodid ticks in single and coinfestations. We did not find DNA of any studied bacteria in the sampled ticks. Positive horses for Borrelia spp. and Anaplasmataceae agents displayed leukopenia, monocytopenia, and lymphopenia. Together, our results suggest that horses may play a role as sentinel host for zoonotic bacteria and Borrelia spp. and Anaplasmataceae agents can impair the health of horses.
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Higa LDOS, Csordas BG, Garcia MV, Oshiro LM, Duarte PO, Barros JC, Andreotti R. Spotted fever group Rickettsia and Borrelia sp. cooccurrence in Amblyomma sculptum in the Midwest region of Brazil. EXPERIMENTAL & APPLIED ACAROLOGY 2020; 81:441-455. [PMID: 32572671 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-020-00513-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
More than 70 tick species are found in Brazil, distributed over five genera and including main vectors of infectious disease agents affecting both animals and humans. The genus Amblyomma is the most relevant for public health in Brazil, wherein Amblyomma aureolatum, Amblyomma ovale and Amblyomma sculptum have been incriminated as vectors of Rickettsia and Borrelia pathogens. The objective of this study was to investigate the presence of Rickettsia spp. and Borrelia spp. in ticks in the Brazilian mid-western savannah. DNA extraction, PCR for Borrelia spp. (flgE gene) and Rickettsia spp. (ompA and gltA genes) and subsequent sequencing were performed. A total of 1875 ticks were collected and identified as A. sculptum except for two Amblyomma coelebs ticks. Molecular evidence for Borrelia spp. and Rickettsia parkeri was found in A. sculptum. This is the first molecular evidence for R. parkeri in A. sculptum ticks in the Midwest region and Borrelia spp. circulating in a tick of the Amblyomma genus in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro de Oliveira Souza Higa
- Pós-Graduação em Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias-Faculdade de Medicina, UFMS - Univ. Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Laboratório de Biologia do carrapato, Embrapa Gado de Corte, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Guimarães Csordas
- Laboratório de Biologia do Carrapato, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Gado de Corte, Bolsista FUNDAPAM, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Marcos Valério Garcia
- Laboratório de Biologia do Carrapato, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Gado de Corte, Bolsista FUNDAPAM, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Leandra Marla Oshiro
- Laboratório de Biologia do Carrapato, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Gado de Corte, Bolsista FUNDAPAM, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Pâmella Oliveira Duarte
- Pós-Graduação em Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias-Faculdade de Medicina, UFMS - Univ. Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Laboratório de Biologia do carrapato, Embrapa Gado de Corte, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | | | - Renato Andreotti
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Gado de Corte, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
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Sanseverino L, Ortêncio Filho H, Esteve-Gassent M, Jorge TMR. Test for Borrelia spp. in bats in an urban area in the South of Brazil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2019; 52:e20190234. [PMID: 31390444 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0234-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We investigated the occurrence of relapsing fever (RF) causing Borrelia genus spirochetes in synanthropic bats from the municipality of Maringá, Paraná, South of Brazil. METHODS Tissue samples from the wings of bats were collected monthly from April 2013 to February 2014 and extracted DNA was used to evaluate the presence of RF causing Borrelia spp. RESULTS All bat tissues tested negative for RF causing Borrelia spp. CONCLUSIONS Borrelia spp. do not occur in chiropterans from Maringá.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís Sanseverino
- Grupo de Estudos em Ecologia de Mamíferos e Educação Ambiental, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brasil
| | - Henrique Ortêncio Filho
- Grupo de Estudos em Ecologia de Mamíferos e Educação Ambiental, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brasil
| | - Maria Esteve-Gassent
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
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Socoloski SNG, de Castro BG, Cordeiro MD, da Fonseca AH, Cepeda MB, Nicolino RR, Lopes LB. Epidemiological investigation of Borrelia burgdorferi in horses in the municipality of Sinop-MT, Brazil. Trop Anim Health Prod 2018; 50:831-836. [PMID: 29388162 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-017-1504-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto is the main etiological agent of Lyme disease (LD) in the USA. In Brazil, it is believed that a similar spirochete is the causal agent of the Baggio-Yoshinari syndrome (BYS), a zoonosis also transmitted by ticks, whose clinical manifestations are similar to those of LD. Despite the epidemiological importance, there are no studies reporting the presence and the prevalence of B. burgdorferi among horses in Mato Grosso State. The aim of this study was to detect and measure the frequency of IgG antibodies anti-B. burgdorferi American strain G39/40 in horses in the municipality of Sinop, MT-Brazil, using the indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for serological diagnosis. Blood samples from 367 horses were collected in 81 farms. An epidemiological questionnaire was applied during the visits to obtain information related to the animals and the farms. From the 367 horses, 214 were positive for B. burgdorferi sensu stricto according to the results of the ELISA test, representing an apparent prevalence of 54.04% [CI = 0.4548051-0.6237234]. Concomitantly, 89 blood samples were taken for molecular analysis by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). According to the PCR test results, none of the samples were reactive, although 53 of these samples were reactive according to ELISA. Seventy five farms (92.59%) had at least one reactive horse for B. burgdorferi. Our results support the hypothesis of the presence of anti-Borrelia spp. antibodies in horses in Mato Grosso, reaching a high animal prevalence. Besides that, leisure/sport purposes proved to be a risk factor, with an odds ratio of 3.16. These findings clearly indicate the need of borreliosis control in Sinop and make a significant contribution to the knowledge of the disease in Mato Grosso.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyane Nayara Garcia Socoloski
- Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso-UFMT, Alexandre Ferronato, n° 1200, Setor Industrial, Sinop, MT, Brazil
| | - Bruno Gomes de Castro
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Federal University of Mato Grosso-UFMT, Alexandre Ferronato, n° 1200, Setor Industrial, Sinop, MT, Brazil
| | - Matheus Dias Cordeiro
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro-UFRRJ, Rodovia 465, Km 07, s/n-Zona Rural, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Adivaldo Henrique da Fonseca
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro-UFRRJ, Rodovia 465, Km 07, s/n-Zona Rural, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcio Barizon Cepeda
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro-UFRRJ, Rodovia 465, Km 07, s/n-Zona Rural, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rafael Romero Nicolino
- Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys-UFVJM, Agronomic & Animal Sciences Institute, Av. Ver. João Narciso, 1380-Cachoeira, Unaí, MG, Brazil
| | - Luciano Bastos Lopes
- Embrapa Agrossilvipastoril, Rodovia MT, n° 222, Km 2,5; Zona Rural, Sinop, MT, Brazil.
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Izac JR, Oliver LD, Earnhart CG, Marconi RT. Identification of a defined linear epitope in the OspA protein of the Lyme disease spirochetes that elicits bactericidal antibody responses: Implications for vaccine development. Vaccine 2017; 35:3178-3185. [PMID: 28479174 PMCID: PMC8203411 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.04.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The lipoprotein OspA is produced by the Lyme disease spirochetes primarily in unfed ticks. OspA production is down-regulated by the blood meal and it is not produced in mammals except for possible transient production during late stage infection in patients with Lyme arthritis. Vaccination with OspA elicits antibody (Ab) that can target spirochetes in the tick midgut during feeding and inhibit transmission to mammals. OspA was the primary component of the human LYMErix™ vaccine. LYMErix™ was available from 1998 to 2002 but then pulled from the market due to declining sales as a result of unsubstantiated concerns about vaccination induced adverse events and poor efficacy. It was postulated that a segment of OspA that shares sequence similarity with a region in human LFA-1 and may trigger putative autoimmune events. While evidence supporting such a link has not been demonstrated, most efforts to move forward with OspA as a vaccine component have sought to eliminate this region of concern. Here we identify an OspA linear epitope localized within OspA amino acid residues 221–240 (OspA221–240) that lacks the OspA region suggested to elicit autoimmunity. A peptide consisting of residues 221–240 was immunogenic in mice. Ab raised against OspA221–240 peptide surface labeled B. burgdorferi in IFAs and displayed potent Ab mediated-complement dependent bactericidal activity. BLAST analyses identified several variants of OspA221–240 and a closely related sequence in OspB. It is our hypothesis that integration of the OspA221–240 epitope into a multivalent-OspC based chimeric epitope based vaccine antigen (chimeritope) could result in a subunit vaccine that protects against Lyme disease through synergistic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerilyn R Izac
- Dept. Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Lee D Oliver
- Dept. Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Christopher G Earnhart
- Dept. Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Richard T Marconi
- Dept. Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, Richmond, VA, United States.
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Constantino C, de Paula EFE, Brandão APD, Ferreira F, Vieira RFDC, Biondo AW. Survey of spatial distribution of vector-borne disease in neighborhood dogs in southern Brazil. Open Vet J 2017; 7:50-56. [PMID: 28331833 PMCID: PMC5356290 DOI: 10.4314/ovj.v7i1.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Neighborhood dogs may act as reservoirs and disseminators of vector-borne diseases in urban areas. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to ascertain the health status and the vector-borne pathogens infecting dogs living in public areas with high levels of human movement in the city of Curitiba, southern Brazil. Blood samples from 21 neighborhood dogs that were found in nine of 22 bus stations and two public parks were subjected to a complete blood cell (CBC) count, serum biochemical profiling, a commercial rapid ELISA test and a commercial real-time PCR panel of vector-borne diseases. The CBC count and serum biochemical profiling were within the normal range for dogs and only 1/21 (4.7%) of the dogs was seroreactive for Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto. The commercial real-time PCR panel showed that 7/21 (33.3%) of the dogs had Mycoplasma haemocanis infection, 9/21 (42.8%) had ‘Candidatus Mycoplasma haematoparvum’ and 4/21 (19.0%) had both. No statistical association between infected by the agents found here and abnormalities in physical examinations, laboratory tests or ectoparasite presence was found (p > 0.05). In conclusion, neighborhood dogs showed low prevalence of vector-borne diseases and satisfactory wellbeing, and dogs can be used as sentinels for disease exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Constantino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, 80035-050, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Pérola Drulla Brandão
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-270, Brazil
| | - Fernando Ferreira
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-270, Brazil
| | | | - Alexander Welker Biondo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, 80035-050, Brazil; Animal Protection Section, City Secretary of Environment, Curitiba, PR, 80020-290, Brazil
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Melo ALT, Aguiar DMD, Spolidorio MG, Yoshinari NH, Matushima ER, Labruna MB, Horta MC. Serological evidence of exposure to tick-borne agents in opossums (Didelphis spp.) in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA 2016; 25:348-352. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612016028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract This work involved a serological investigation of tick-borne pathogens in opossums in eight municipalities of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Serum samples from 109 opossums (91 Didelphis aurita and 18 Didelphis albiventris) were tested to detect antibodies to Rickettsia rickettsii (Taiaçu strain, 1:64 cut-off) and Ehrlichia canis (São Paulo strain, 1:40 cut-off), by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA); and against Borrelia burgdorferi (strain G39/40) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The presence of antibodies to anti-R. rickettsii, anti-E. canis and anti-B. burgdorferi was detected in 32 (29.35%), 16 (14.67%) and 30 (27.52%) opossums, respectively. Opossum endpoint titers ranged from 64 to 1,024 for R. rickettsii, from 40 to 160 for E. canis, and from 400 to >51,200 for B. burgdorferi. These serological results suggest that opossums have been exposed to Rickettsia spp., Ehrlichia spp., and B. burgdorferi-related agents in the state of São Paulo. Our study underscores the need for further research about these agents in this study area, in view of the occurrence of Spotted Fever and Baggio-Yoshinari Syndrome disease in humans in the state of São Paulo, Brazil.
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Mentz MB, Trombka M, Silva GLD, Silva CE. Rhipicephalus sanguineus (ACARI: IXODIDAE) BITING A HUMAN BEING IN PORTO ALEGRE CITY, RIO GRANDE DO SUL, BRAZIL. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2016; 58:35. [PMID: 27074329 PMCID: PMC4826088 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946201658035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the finding of a female brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae) on the scalp of a male patient inPorto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Human parasitism by this tick is rare and has seldomly been reported in the literature, despite its recognized importance since it can act as a vector of Rickettsia rickettsii, the agent of spotted fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcia Bohrer Mentz
- Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Marcelo Trombka
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Guilherme Liberato da Silva
- Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Carlos Eugênio Silva
- Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
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