de Castro Silva Junior H, Antunes U, Dos Santos AJRWA, Moreira EC. Tweaking the conjugation effects on a pair of new triazene compounds by targeted deprotonation: a spectroscopic and theoretical overview.
J Mol Model 2023;
29:298. [PMID:
37642802 DOI:
10.1007/s00894-023-05685-3]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT
Triazene compounds (-NNN(H)-) exhibit versatility in biological, physical, and chemical applications. In their anionic form (-NNN-)(-), they can act as coordinating sites for metals, forming metallic complexes. In this study, two new isomeric triazene compounds with meta- and para-substituents in their neutral and anionic forms were investigated. A combination of detailed experimental spectroscopic characterization and computational chemistry analyses were employed. The new compounds, 1-(2-benzamide)-3-(3-nitrophenyl) triazene (m-TZN) and 1-(2-benzamide)-3-(4-nitrophenyl) triazene (p-TZN), were compared to 1,3-diphenyltriazene (dph-TZN) to understand the effects of functionalization and targeted triazene deprotonation. The anionic forms are stable, and our investigation suggests that these new compounds are suitable tridentate ligands that can act as chelating agents for metallic cations in stable complexes, similar to those found in vitamin B12.
METHODS
The absorption, vibrational, and electronic properties of the newly synthesized triazene compounds were extensively characterized using FT-IR/FT-Raman and UV-Vis spectroscopy. Their distinct molecular properties, intramolecular hydrogen bond effects, stability, and electronic transitions were investigated using the ORCA software. These analyses involved DFT and TD-DFT calculations at the ωB97X-D3/Def2-TZVP level of theory with THF CPCM implicit solvation to determine the molecular topology and electronic structure. The advanced STEOM-DLPNO-CCSD method for excited states was employed, enabling an in-depth analysis of ground and excited-state chemistry, accounting for precise electronic correlation and solvation effects. Explicit THF solvation was tested on the full TD-DFT ωB97X-D3/Def2-TZVP level and using ONIOM on the STEOM calculation. Reactivity was studied using Fukui functions, and action as chelating agents was investigated using GFN-xTB2 and DFT.
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