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Solidoro R, Centonze A, Miciaccia M, Baldelli OM, Armenise D, Ferorelli S, Perrone MG, Scilimati A. Fluorescent imaging probes for in vivo ovarian cancer targeted detection and surgery. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:1800-1866. [PMID: 38367227 DOI: 10.1002/med.22027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological cancer, with a survival rate of approximately 40% at five years from the diagno. The first-line treatment consists of cytoreductive surgery combined with chemotherapy (platinum- and taxane-based drugs). To date, the main prognostic factor is related to the complete surgical resection of tumor lesions, including occult micrometastases. The presence of minimal residual diseases not detected by visual inspection and palpation during surgery significantly increases the risk of disease relapse. Intraoperative fluorescence imaging systems have the potential to improve surgical outcomes. Fluorescent tracers administered to the patient may support surgeons for better real-time visualization of tumor lesions during cytoreductive procedures. In the last decade, consistent with the discovery of an increasing number of ovarian cancer-specific targets, a wide range of fluorescent agents were identified to be employed for intraoperatively detecting ovarian cancer. Here, we present a collection of fluorescent probes designed and developed for fluorescence-guided ovarian cancer surgery. Original articles published between 2011 and November 2022 focusing on fluorescent probes, currently under preclinical and clinical investigation, were searched in PubMed. The keywords used were targeted detection, ovarian cancer, fluorescent probe, near-infrared fluorescence, fluorescence-guided surgery, and intraoperative imaging. All identified papers were English-language full-text papers, and probes were classified based on the location of the biological target: intracellular, membrane, and extracellular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Solidoro
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Centonze
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Morena Miciaccia
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Olga Maria Baldelli
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Domenico Armenise
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Savina Ferorelli
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Scilimati
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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Spinello A, Lapenta F, De March M. The avidin-theophylline complex: A structural and computational study. Proteins 2023; 91:1437-1443. [PMID: 37318226 DOI: 10.1002/prot.26538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between avidin and its counterpart biotin is one of central importance in biology and has been reproposed and studied at length. However, the binding pocket of avidin is prone to promiscuous binding, able to accommodate even non-biotinylated ligands. Comprehending the factors that distinguish the extremely strong interaction with biotin to other ligands is an important step to fully picture the thermodynamics of these low-affinity complexes. Here, we present the complex between chicken white egg avidin and theophylline (TEP), the xanthine derivative used in the therapy of asthma. In the crystal structure, TEP lies in the biotin-binding pocket with the same orientation and planarity of the aromatic ring of 8-oxodeoxyguanosine. Indeed, its affinity for avidin measured by isothermal titration calorimetry is in the same μM range as those obtained for the previously characterized nucleoside derivatives. By the use of molecular dynamic simulations, we have investigated the most important intermolecular interactions occurring in the avidin-TEP binding pocket and compared them with those obtained for the avidin 8-oxodeoxyguanosine and avidin-biotin complexes. These results testify the capability of avidin to complex purely aromatic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Spinello
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Fabio Lapenta
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Nova Gorica, Nova Gorica, Slovenia
| | - Matteo De March
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Nova Gorica, Nova Gorica, Slovenia
- Department of Chemical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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3
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Functional Microfiber Nonwoven Fabric with Sialic Acid-Immobilized Polymer Brush for Capturing Lectin in Aerosol. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14040663. [PMID: 35215575 PMCID: PMC8880166 DOI: 10.3390/polym14040663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The influenza virus has been known as a representative infectious virus that harms human health from the past to the present day. We have promoted the development of a novel adsorbent capable of adsorbing influenza viruses in the form of aerosols in the air. In this study, to develop a material to adsorb the influenza virus, a functional group was introduced into a microfiber nonwoven fabric (MNWF) manufactured through radiation-induced graft polymerization (RIGP), and sialic acid was immobilized to mimic the sugar chain cluster effect. The functional group was used by coupling disodium iminodiacetate monohydrate (IDA) and 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC), and N-acetylneuraminic acid (NANA) was selected for sialic acid. IDA-EDC was introduced into GMA MNWF with an average molar conversion of 47%. For NANA MNWF with a degree of grafting (dg) of 87% introduced with sialic acid, 118.2 of 200 µg of aerosolized lectin was adsorbed, confirming that the maximum adsorption amount was 59.1%. In NANA MNWF of 100% or more dg, a tendency to decrease the amount of lectin adsorption was observed compared to NANA MNWF of 80–100% dg.
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Wakiyama H, Kato T, Furusawa A, Choyke PL, Kobayashi H. Near infrared photoimmunotherapy of cancer; possible clinical applications. NANOPHOTONICS 2021; 10:3135-3151. [PMID: 36405499 PMCID: PMC9646249 DOI: 10.1515/nanoph-2021-0119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a new cancer treatment that uses an antibody-photo-absorber conjugate (APC) composed of a targeting monoclonal antibody conjugated with a photoactivatable phthalocyanine-derivative dye, IRDye700DX (IR700). APCs injected into the body can bind to cancer cells where they are activated by local exposure to NIR light typically delivered by a NIR laser. NIR light alters the APC chemical conformation inducing damage to cancer cell membranes, resulting in necrotic cell death within minutes of light exposure. NIR-PIT selectivity kills cancer cells by immunogenic cell death (ICD) with minimal damage to adjacent normal cells thus, leading to rapid recovery by the patient. Moreover, since NIR-PIT induces ICD only on cancer cells, NIR-PIT initiates and activates antitumor host immunity that could be further enhanced when combined with immune checkpoint inhibition. NIR-PIT induces dramatic changes in the tumor vascularity causing the super-enhanced permeability and retention (SUPR) effect that dramatically enhances nanodrug delivery to the tumor bed. Currently, a worldwide Phase 3 study of NIR-PIT for recurrent or inoperable head and neck cancer patients is underway. In September 2020, the first APC and accompanying laser system were conditionally approved for clinical use in Japan. In this review, we introduce NIR-PIT and the SUPR effect and summarize possible applications of NIR-PIT in a variety of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Wakiyama
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Takuya Kato
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Aki Furusawa
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Peter L. Choyke
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Hisataka Kobayashi
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
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Surekha B, Kommana NS, Dubey SK, Kumar AP, Shukla R, Kesharwani P. PAMAM dendrimer as a talented multifunctional biomimetic nanocarrier for cancer diagnosis and therapy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 204:111837. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Kato T, Wakiyama H, Furusawa A, Choyke PL, Kobayashi H. Near Infrared Photoimmunotherapy; A Review of Targets for Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112535. [PMID: 34064074 PMCID: PMC8196790 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a newly developed cancer treatment that uses an antibody-photoabsorber (IRDye700DX) conjugate (APC) that is activated by NIR light irradiation. A major benefit of NIR-PIT is that only APC-bound cancer cells that are exposed to NIR light are killed by NIR-PIT; thus, minimal damage occurs in adjacent normal cells. NIR-PIT has now been applied to many cancers expressing various cell-surface target proteins using monoclonal antibodies designed to bind to them. Moreover, NIR-PIT is not limited to tumor antigens but can also be used to kill specific host cells that create immune-permissive environments in which tumors grow. Moreover, multiple targets can be treated simultaneously with NIR-PIT using a cocktail of APCs. NIR-PIT has great potential to treat a wide variety of cancers by targeting appropriate tumor cells, immune cells, or both, and can be augmented by other immunotherapies. Abstract Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a newly developed cancer treatment that uses an antibody-photoabsorber (IRDye700DX) conjugate (APC) that is activated by NIR light irradiation. In September 2020, the first APC and laser system were conditionally approved for clinical use in Japan. A major benefit of NIR-PIT is that only APC-bound cancer cells that are exposed to NIR light are killed by NIR-PIT; thus, minimal damage occurs in adjacent normal cells. These early trials have demonstrated that in addition to direct cell killing, there is a significant therapeutic host immune response that greatly contributes to the success of the therapy. Although the first clinical use of NIR-PIT targeted epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), many other targets are suitable for NIR-PIT. NIR-PIT has now been applied to many cancers expressing various cell-surface target proteins using monoclonal antibodies designed to bind to them. Moreover, NIR-PIT is not limited to tumor antigens but can also be used to kill specific host cells that create immune-permissive environments in which tumors grow. Moreover, multiple targets can be treated simultaneously with NIR-PIT using a cocktail of APCs. NIR-PIT can be used in combination with other therapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, to enhance the therapeutic effect. Thus, NIR-PIT has great potential to treat a wide variety of cancers by targeting appropriate tumor cells, immune cells, or both, and can be augmented by other immunotherapies.
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Pandey S, Bodas D. High-quality quantum dots for multiplexed bioimaging: A critical review. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 278:102137. [PMID: 32171116 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Bioimaging done using two or more fluorophores possessing different emission wavelengths can be termed as a multicolor/multiplexed bioimaging technique. Traditionally, images are captured sequentially using multiple fluorophores having specific excitation and emission. For this purpose, multifunctional nanoprobes, such as organic fluorophores, metallic nanoparticles, semiconductor quantum dots, and carbon dots (CDs) are used. Among these fluorophores, quantum dots (QDs) have emerged as an ideal probe for multiplexed bioimaging due to their unique property of size tunable emission. However, the usage of quantum dots in bioimaging is limited due to their toxicity. Furthermore, the reproducibility of optical properties is cynical. These desirable properties, along with enhancement in quantum efficiency, photostability, fluorescence lifetime, etc. can be achieved by stringent control over synthesis parameters. This review summarizes the desirable properties and synthesis methods of such superior QDs followed by their application in multiplexed imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulaxna Pandey
- Nanobioscience group, Agharkar Research Institute, GG Agarkar Road, Pune 411 004, India; Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune 411 007, India
| | - Dhananjay Bodas
- Nanobioscience group, Agharkar Research Institute, GG Agarkar Road, Pune 411 004, India; Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune 411 007, India.
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Yamamoto K, Kamiya M, Urano Y. Highly sensitive fluorescence imaging of cancer with avidin-protease probe conjugate. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:126663. [PMID: 31521477 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.126663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
It is a long-term goal of cancer diagnosis to develop tumor-imaging techniques that have sufficient specificity and sensitivity to detect small tumor nodules during surgery or endoscopic surgery. Here, we introduce an avidin-conjugated fluorescence probe, Avidin-Leu-HMRG, which consists of a cancer-targeting macromolecule (avidin) and a protease-activatable probe. The conjugate has a high affinity for lectin on cancer cells and undergoes endocytosis, followed by irreversible fluorescence activation due to cleavage by lysosomal leucine aminopeptidase. In a mouse model of peritoneal ovarian metastases, the probe could detect submillimeter-sized tumor nodules with a high S/N ratio at 1 h after intraperitoneal injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Mako Kamiya
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Yasuteru Urano
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, 1-7-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan.
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9
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Lee HJ, Ehlerding EB, Jiang D, Barnhart TE, Cao T, Wei W, Ferreira CA, Huang P, Engle JW, Cai W. Dual-labeled pertuzumab for multimodality image-guided ovarian tumor resection. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:1454-1468. [PMID: 31392081 PMCID: PMC6682714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Pertuzumab is clinically employed in the treatment of cancers over-expressing human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Herein, we developed dual-labeled pertuzumab with a radionuclide (89Zr) and a near-infrared fluorophore (IRDye 800CW) to investigate the feasibility of utilizing dual-labeled monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with numerous imaging modalities for preoperative imaging and image-guided surgery in ovarian cancer models. MAbs were dually-labeled with 89Zr and IRDye 800CW to generate 89Zr-Df-pertuzumab-800CW or 89Zr-Df-IgG-800CW. Serial positron emission tomography (PET) and near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) images were acquired up to 72 hours after injection of dual-labeled mAbs to map the tracers' biodistributions. After the last time point, image-guided tumor resection was executed using different modalities (NIRF, Cerenkov luminescence [CL], and β particle imaging) and ex vivo studies including biodistribution assays and histology analysis were performed to confirm the in vivo imaging data. SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells showed high expression of HER2 and pertuzumab conjugated with Df and IRDye 800CW maintained its binding affinity for these cells. For PET imaging in subcutaneous xenograft ovarian cancer models, 89Zr-Df-pertuzumab-800CW showed a significantly higher tumor-to-muscle ratio compared to the nonspecific 89Zr-Df-IgG-800CW from 24 hours after injection through the last time point (72 h: 30.7 ± 7.4 vs. 7.5 ± 1.8, P < 0.01, n = 3-4). During image-guided surgery, three imaging modalities including NIRF, CL, and β particle imaging could detect ovarian cancer in both subcutaneous and orthotopic models and each exhibited its own imaging characteristics. In addition, ex vivo imaging and biodistribution studies as well as histology analysis corroborated the in vivo imaging results. Therefore, we concluded that this single radiolabeled tracer can provide all-in-one contrast for multiple imaging modalities. The dual-labeled mAbs may hold promise to be employed for image-guided tumor surgery as well as diagnosis and staging through balancing out the strengths and weaknesses of various modalities such as PET/CT, NIRF, CL, and β particle imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Emily B Ehlerding
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Dawei Jiang
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI 53705, USA
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, Carson International Cancer Center, Laboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060, China
| | - Todd E Barnhart
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Tianye Cao
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Weijun Wei
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Carolina A Ferreira
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Peng Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, Carson International Cancer Center, Laboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jonathan W Engle
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Weibo Cai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI 53706, USA
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer CenterMadison, WI 53705, USA
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Oldenkamp HF, Vela Ramirez JE, Peppas NA. Re-evaluating the importance of carbohydrates as regenerative biomaterials. Regen Biomater 2019; 6:1-12. [PMID: 30740237 PMCID: PMC6362819 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rby023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Heidi F Oldenkamp
- Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Julia E Vela Ramirez
- Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Nicholas A Peppas
- Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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Wagner AM, Gran MP, Peppas NA. Designing the new generation of intelligent biocompatible carriers for protein and peptide delivery. Acta Pharm Sin B 2018; 8:147-164. [PMID: 29719776 PMCID: PMC5925450 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2018.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic proteins and peptides have revolutionized treatment for a number of diseases, and the expected increase in macromolecule-based therapies brings a new set of challenges for the pharmaceutics field. Due to their poor stability, large molecular weight, and poor transport properties, therapeutic proteins and peptides are predominantly limited to parenteral administration. The short serum half-lives typically require frequent injections to maintain an effective dose, and patient compliance is a growing issue as therapeutic protein treatments become more widely available. A number of studies have underscored the relationship of subcutaneous injections with patient non-adherence, estimating that over half of insulin-dependent adults intentionally skip injections. The development of oral formulations has the potential to address some issues associated with non-adherence including the interference with daily activities, embarrassment, and injection pain. Oral delivery can also help to eliminate the adverse effects and scar tissue buildup associated with repeated injections. However, there are several major challenges associated with oral delivery of proteins and peptides, such as the instability in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, low permeability, and a narrow absorption window in the intestine. This review provides a detailed overview of the oral delivery route and associated challenges. Recent advances in formulation and drug delivery technologies to enhance bioavailability are discussed, including the co-administration of compounds to alter conditions in the GI tract, the modification of the macromolecule physicochemical properties, and the use of improved targeted and controlled release carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M. Wagner
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Margaret P. Gran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Nicholas A. Peppas
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Corresponding author at: McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA. Tel.: +1 512 471 6644; fax: +1 512 471 8227.
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12
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Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy with galactosyl serum albumin in a model of diffuse peritoneal disseminated ovarian cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:79408-79416. [PMID: 27765903 PMCID: PMC5340234 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a highly cell-selective cancer therapy based on an armed antibody conjugated with a phthalocyanine-based photo-absorber, IRDye700DX (IR700). NIR-PIT can quickly kill target cells that express specific proteins on the cellular membrane but only when the antibody-IR700 conjugate binds to the cell membrane and is then exposed to NIR light. NIR-PIT is highly selective based on the specificity of the antibody. Galactosyl serum albumin (GSA) is composed of albumin decorated with galactose molecules conjugated to the carboxyl groups of albumin. GSA binds to beta-D-galactose receptors, a surface lectin, which are overexpressed on the cell surface of many cancers, including ovarian cancers and is quickly internalized after binding. Here, we demonstrate the feasibility of NIR-PIT in a model of disseminated peritoneal ovarian cancer (SHIN3 cells) using GSA-IR700 that binds to beta-D-galactose receptors. GSA-IR700 bound quickly to SHIN3 cells, then accumulated in the endo-lysosomes. Cell-specific killing was observed in vitro, yet a relatively large dose of NIR light exposure was required for cell killing compared to antibody-IR700 conjugates. To evaluate in vivo therapeutic effects of GSA-IR700 NIR-PIT, peritoneal disseminated SHIN3 tumor-bearing mice were separated into four groups: no treatment; NIR light only; GSA-IR700 only; and GSA-IR700 NIR-PIT. Repeated NIR-PIT showed significant suppression of tumor based on bioluminescence compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). Thus, repeated NIR-PIT using GSA-IR700 can achieve efficient antitumor effects, although GSA-IR700 NIR-PIT was less effective than antibody-IR700 NIR-PIT conjugates likely due to the rapid internalization of GSA-IR700.
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13
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Oseledchyk A, Andreou C, Wall MA, Kircher MF. Folate-Targeted Surface-Enhanced Resonance Raman Scattering Nanoprobe Ratiometry for Detection of Microscopic Ovarian Cancer. ACS NANO 2017; 11:1488-1497. [PMID: 27992724 PMCID: PMC5502101 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b06796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer has a unique pattern of metastatic spread, in that it initially spreads locally within the peritoneal cavity. This is in contrast to most other cancer types, which metastasize early on via the bloodstream to distant sites. This unique behavior opens up an opportunity for local application of both therapeutic and imaging agents. Upon initial diagnosis, 75% of patients already present with diffuse peritoneal spread involving abdominal organs. Complete resection of all tumor implants has been shown to be a major factor for improved survival. Unfortunately, it is currently not possible for surgeons to visualize microscopic implants, impeding their removal and leading to tumor recurrences and poor outcomes in most patients. Thus, there is a great need for new intraoperative imaging techniques that can overcome this hurdle. We devised a method that employs folate receptor (FR)-targeted surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS) nanoparticles (NPs), as folate receptors are typically overexpressed in ovarian cancer. We report a robust ratiometric imaging approach using anti-FR-SERRS-NPs (αFR-NPs) and nontargeted SERRS-NPs (nt-NPs) multiplexing. We term this method "topically applied surface-enhanced resonance Raman ratiometric spectroscopy" (TAS3RS ("tasers") for short). TAS3RS successfully enabled the detection of tumor lesions in a murine model of human ovarian adenocarcinoma regardless of their size or localization. Tumors as small as 370 μm were detected, as confirmed by bioluminescence imaging and histological staining. TAS3RS holds promise for intraoperative detection of microscopic residual tumors and could reduce recurrence rates in ovarian cancer and other diseases with peritoneal spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Oseledchyk
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Chrysafis Andreou
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Matthew A. Wall
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Moritz F. Kircher
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nanotechnology (CMINT), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Address correspondence to Moritz F. Kircher,
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14
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Colby AH, Berry SM, Moran AM, Pasion KA, Liu R, Colson YL, Ruiz-Opazo N, Grinstaff MW, Herrera VLM. Highly Specific and Sensitive Fluorescent Nanoprobes for Image-Guided Resection of Sub-Millimeter Peritoneal Tumors. ACS NANO 2017; 11:1466-1477. [PMID: 28099801 PMCID: PMC5725964 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b06777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A current challenge in the treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis is the inability to detect, visualize, and resect small or microscopic tumors of pancreatic, ovarian, or mesothelial origin. In these diseases, the completeness of primary tumor resection is directly correlated with patient survival, and hence, identifying small sub-millimeter tumors (i.e., disseminated disease) is critical. Thus, new imaging techniques and probes are needed to improve cytoreductive surgery and patient outcomes. Highly fluorescent rhodamine-labeled expansile nanoparticles (HFR-eNPs) are described for use as a visual aid during cytoreductive surgery of pancreatic carcinomatosis. The covalent incorporation of rhodamine into ∼30 nm eNPs increases the fluorescent signal compared to free rhodamine, thereby affording a brighter and more effective probe than would be achieved by a single rhodamine molecule. Using the intraperitoneal route of administration, HFR-eNPs localize to regions of large (∼1 cm), sub-centimeter, and sub-millimeter intraperitoneal tumor in three different animal models, including pancreatic, mesothelioma, and ovarian carcinoma. Tumoral localization of the HFR-eNPs depends on both the material property (i.e., eNP polymer) as well as the surface chemistry (anionic surfactant vs PEGylated noncharged surfactant). In a rat model of pancreatic carcinomatosis, HFR-eNP identification of tumor is validated against gold-standard histopathological analysis to reveal that HFR-eNPs possess high specificity (99%) and sensitivity (92%) for tumors, in particular, sub-centimeter and microscopic sub-millimeter tumors, with an overall accuracy of 95%. Finally, as a proof-of-concept, HFR-eNPs are used to guide the resection of pancreatic tumors in a rat model of peritoneal carcinomatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron H. Colby
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Samantha M. Berry
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Ann M. Moran
- Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, United States
| | - Kristine Amber Pasion
- Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, United States
| | - Rong Liu
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Yolonda L. Colson
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Nelson Ruiz-Opazo
- Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, United States
| | - Mark W. Grinstaff
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, United States
- Corresponding Authors: ,
| | - Victoria L. M. Herrera
- Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, United States
- Corresponding Authors: ,
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15
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Ennen F, Fenner P, Stoychev G, Boye S, Lederer A, Voit B, Appelhans D. Coil-like Enzymatic Biohybrid Structures Fabricated by Rational Design: Controlling Size and Enzyme Activity over Sequential Nanoparticle Bioconjugation and Filtration Steps. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:6261-8. [PMID: 26905671 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b07305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Well-defined enzymatic biohybrid structures (BHS) composed of avidin, biotinylated poly(propyleneimine) glycodendrimers, and biotinylated horseradish peroxidase were fabricated by a sequential polyassociation reaction to adopt directed enzyme prodrug therapy to protein-glycopolymer BHS for potential biomedical applications. To tailor and gain fundamental insight into pivotal properties such as size and molar mass of these BHS, the dependence on the fabrication sequence was probed and thoroughly investigated by several complementary methods (e.g., UV/vis, DLS, cryoTEM, AF4-LS). Subsequent purification by hollow fiber filtration allowed us to obtain highly pure and well-defined BHS. Overall, by rational design and control of preparation parameters, e.g., fabrication sequence, ligand-receptor stoichiometry, and degree of biotinylation, well-defined BHS with stable and even strongly enhanced enzymatic activities can be achieved. Open coil-like structures of BHS with few branches are available by the sequential bioconjugation approach between synthetic and biological macromolecules possessing similar size dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franka Ennen
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. , Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Organische Chemie der Polymere, Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Philipp Fenner
- Organische Chemie der Polymere, Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Georgi Stoychev
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. , Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Organische Chemie der Polymere, Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Susanne Boye
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. , Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Albena Lederer
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. , Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Organische Chemie der Polymere, Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Brigitte Voit
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. , Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Organische Chemie der Polymere, Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Dietmar Appelhans
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. , Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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16
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Ninomiya K, Yamashita T, Tanabe Y, Imai M, Takahashi K, Shimizu N. Targeted and ultrasound-triggered cancer cell injury using perfluorocarbon emulsion-loaded liposomes endowed with cancer cell-targeting and fusogenic capabilities. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2016; 28:54-61. [PMID: 26384883 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2015.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the targeting and ultrasound-triggered injury of cancer cells using anticancer drug-free liposomes that contained an emulsion of perfluoropentane (ePFC5) and were co-modified with avidin as a targeting ligand for cancer cells and the hemagglutinating virus of Japan (HVJ) envelope to promote liposome fusion with the cells. These liposomes are designated as ePFC5-loaded avidin/HVJ liposomes. ePFC5-loaded liposomes were sensitized to ultrasound irradiation. Liposomes modified with avidin alone (avidin liposomes) showed binding to MCF-7 human breast cancer cells, and liposomes modified with HVJ envelope alone (HVJ liposomes) were found to fuse with MCF-7 cells. The irradiation of MCF-7 cells with 1 MHz ultrasound (30s, 1.2 W/cm(2), duty ratio 30%) combined with ePFC5-loaded avidin/HVJ liposomes resulted in a decrease in cell viability at 1h after irradiation to 43% of that of controls without ultrasound irradiation or liposomes. The cell viability was lower than that of cells treated with ultrasound irradiation with ePFC5-loaded avidin liposomes or ePFC5-loaded HVJ liposomes. This indicates that co-modification of liposome with avidin and HVJ envelope could enhance ultrasound-induced cell injury in the presence of ePFC5-loaded liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuaki Ninomiya
- Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yamashita
- Faculty of Natural System, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yamato Tanabe
- Faculty of Natural System, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Miki Imai
- Faculty of Natural System, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Kenji Takahashi
- Faculty of Natural System, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.
| | - Nobuaki Shimizu
- Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.
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17
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Ennen F, Fenner P, Boye S, Lederer A, Komber H, Voit B, Appelhans D. Sphere-Like Protein–Glycopolymer Nanostructures Tailored by Polyassociation. Biomacromolecules 2015; 17:32-45. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b00975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Franka Ennen
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschunng Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Philipp Fenner
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschunng Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Susanne Boye
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschunng Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Albena Lederer
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschunng Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Hartmut Komber
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschunng Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Brigitte Voit
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschunng Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Dietmar Appelhans
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschunng Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
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18
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Zhang W, Ma Z, Du L, Li M. Design strategy for photoinduced electron transfer-based small-molecule fluorescent probes of biomacromolecules. Analyst 2015; 139:2641-9. [PMID: 24755654 DOI: 10.1039/c3an02379f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
As the cardinal support of innumerable biological processes, biomacromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids and polysaccharides are of importance to living systems. The key to understanding biological processes is to realize the role of these biomacromolecules in thte localization, distribution, conformation and interaction with other molecules. With the current development and adaptation of fluorescent technologies in biomedical and pharmaceutical fields, the fluorescence imaging (FLI) approach of using small-molecule fluorescent probes is becoming an up-to-the-minute method for the detection and monitoring of these imperative biomolecules in life sciences. However, conventional small-molecule fluorescent probes may provide undesirable results because of their intrinsic deficiencies such as low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and false-positive errors. Recently, small-molecule fluorescent probes with a photoinduced electron transfer (PET) "on/off" switch for biomacromolecules have been thoroughly considered. When recognized by the biomacromolecules, these probes turn on/off the PET switch and change the fluorescence intensity to present a high SNR result. It should be emphasized that these PET-based fluorescent probes could be advantageous for understanding the pathogenesis of various diseases caused by abnormal expression of biomacromolecules. The discussion of this successful strategy involved in this review will be a valuable guide for the further development of new PET-based small-molecule fluorescent probes for biomacromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Natural Products (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
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19
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Sun Q, Tian H, Qu H, Sun D, Chen Z, Duan L, Zhang W, Qian J. Discrimination between streptavidin and avidin with fluorescent affinity-based probes. Analyst 2015; 140:4648-53. [DOI: 10.1039/c5an00585j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
SPS3 showed a high fluorescence response toward streptavidin and could discriminate biotin receptor over-expressed Hela cells from other cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Haiyu Tian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Haoran Qu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Deheng Sun
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Liping Duan
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Weibing Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Junhong Qian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai
- China
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20
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Ninomiya K, Fukuda A, Ogino C, Shimizu N. Targeted sonocatalytic cancer cell injury using avidin-conjugated titanium dioxide nanoparticles. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2014; 21:1624-8. [PMID: 24717690 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2014.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we applied sonodynamic therapy to cancer cells based on the delivery of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) modified with avidin protein, which preferentially discriminated cancerous cells from healthy cells. Subsequently, hydroxyl radicals were generated from the TiO2 NPs after activation by external ultrasound irradiation (TiO2/US treatment). Although 30% of the normal breast cells (human mammary epithelial cells) exhibited the uptake of avidin-modified TiO2 NPs, over 80% of the breast cancer cells (MCF-7) exhibited the uptake of avidin-TiO2 NPs. Next the effect of the TiO2/US treatment on MCF-7 cell growth was examined for up to 96 h after 1-MHz ultrasound was applied (0.1 W/cm(2), 30 s) to cells that incorporated the TiO2 NPs. No apparent cell injury was observed until 24h after the treatment, but the viable cell concentration declined to 68% compared with the control at 96 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuaki Ninomiya
- Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Aya Fukuda
- Division of Natural System, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Chiaki Ogino
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shimizu
- Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.
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21
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Ninomiya K, Yamada R, Meisaku H, Shimizu N. Effect of ultrasound irradiation on bacterial internalization and bacteria-mediated gene transfer to cancer cells. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2014; 21:1187-1193. [PMID: 24373691 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2013.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Revised: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/08/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The present study demonstrates that ultrasound irradiation can facilitate bacteria-mediated gene delivery (bactofection). Escherichia coli modified with avidin were employed as a vehicle for delivery of the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene, a model heterologous gene, into the breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Avidin-mediated binding of E. coli to MCF-7 cells enhanced the internalization of E. coli by approximately 17%, irrespective of the use of ultrasound irradiation. Furthermore, the use of ultrasound irradiation increased the internalization by approximately 5%, irrespective of the presence of avidin on the E. coli cell surface. The percentages of GFP-expressing MCF-7 cells at 24h after bactofection were below 0.5% and 2% for the case with only avidin-modification of E. coli cell surface and only ultrasound irradiation, respectively. However, combining avidin modification with the ultrasound treatment increased this value to 8%. Thus, the use of avidin-modified bacteria in conjunction with ultrasound irradiation has potential as an effective strategy for tumor-targeted bactofection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuaki Ninomiya
- Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Ryuji Yamada
- Division of Natural System, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Hitomi Meisaku
- Division of Natural System, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shimizu
- Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.
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22
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Spolaore B, Damiano N, Raboni S, Fontana A. Site-specific derivatization of avidin using microbial transglutaminase. Bioconjug Chem 2014; 25:470-80. [PMID: 24517223 DOI: 10.1021/bc400378h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Avidin conjugates have several important applications in biotechnology and medicine. In this work, we investigated the possibility to produce site-specific derivatives of avidin using microbial transglutaminase (TGase). TGase allows the modification of proteins at the level of Gln or Lys residues using as substrate an alkyl-amine or a Gln-mimicking moiety, respectively. The reaction is site-specific, since Gln and Lys derivatization occurs preferentially at residues embedded in flexible regions of protein substrates. An analysis of the X-ray structure of avidin allowed us to predict Gln126 and Lys127 as potential sites of TGase's attack, because these residues are located in the flexible/unfolded C-terminal region of the protein. Surprisingly, incubation of avidin with TGase in the presence of alkylamine containing substrates (dansylcadaverine, 5-hydroxytryptamine) revealed a very low level of derivatization of the Gln126 residue. Analysis of the TGase reaction on synthetic peptide analogues of the C-terminal portion of avidin indicated that the lack of reactivity of Gln126 was likely due to the fact that this residue is proximal to negatively charged carboxylate groups, thus hampering the interaction of the substrate at the negatively charged active site of TGase. On the other hand, incubation of avidin with TGase in the presence of carbobenzoxy-l-glutaminyl-glycine in order to derivatize Lys residue(s) resulted in a clean and high yield production of an avidin derivative, retaining the biotin binding properties and the quaternary structure of the native protein. Proteolytic digestion of the modified protein, followed by mass spectrometry, allowed us to identify Lys127 as the major site of reaction, together with a minor modification of Lys58. By using TGase, avidin was also conjugated via a Lys-Gln isopeptide bond to a protein containing a single reactive Gln residue, namely, Gln126 of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. TGase can thus be exploited for the site-specific derivatization of avidin with small molecules or proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Spolaore
- CRIBI Biotechnology Centre, University of Padua , Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padua, Italy
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23
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Ennen F, Boye S, Lederer A, Cernescu M, Komber H, Brutschy B, Voit B, Appelhans D. Biohybrid structures consisting of biotinylated glycodendrimers and proteins: influence of the biotin ligand's number and chemical nature on the biotin–avidin conjugation. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py01152f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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24
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Ryu JH, Na JH, Ko HK, You DG, Park S, Jun E, Yeom HJ, Seo DH, Park JH, Jeong SY, Kim IS, Kim BS, Kwon IC, Choi K, Kim K. Non-invasive optical imaging of cathepsin B with activatable fluorogenic nanoprobes in various metastatic models. Biomaterials 2013; 35:2302-11. [PMID: 24360720 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.11.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
An increasing number of treatments of metastases rely on diagnostics and imaging these days. The facts that the activity of cathepsin B (CB) is markedly linked to the metastatic process and that CB is found highly expressed in the pericellular regions in this process make CB an attractive target for diagnosing metastases. We have developed a CB-sensitive nanoprobe (CB-CNP) consisting of self-quenched CB-sensitive fluorogenic peptide probes conjugated onto the surface of tumor-targeting glycol chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs). The freshly prepared CB-CNP formed a spherical nanoparticle structure (280 nm in diameter) and the fluorescence intensity of CB-CNP was strongly quenched in physiological condition. However, self-quenched CB-CNP boosted strong fluorescence signals in the presence of CB, not of cathepsin l or cathepsin d, due to the CB-specific cleavage of self-quenched peptide probes. Importantly, the intravenously injected CB-CNP demonstrated the potential to discriminate metastases in vivo in three metastatic mouse models, including 4T1-luc2 liver metastases, RFP-B16F10 lung metastases and HT1080 peritoneal metastases. Indeed, Western blot analysis confirmed that the CB expression of metastases had increased compared to normal organ in these metastatic mouse models. CB-CNPs may be useful for depicting metastases through non-invasive CB molecular imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Hee Ryu
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 39-1 Hawolgok-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea; School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Sillim-dong, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hee Na
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 39-1 Hawolgok-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Kyung Ko
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 39-1 Hawolgok-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Gil You
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 39-1 Hawolgok-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea; Departments of Polymer Science and Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Subin Park
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 39-1 Hawolgok-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea; Departments of Polymer Science and Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunsung Jun
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 39-1 Hawolgok-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea; Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-422, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jun Yeom
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 39-1 Hawolgok-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea; Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok Ho Seo
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 39-1 Hawolgok-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea; Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hyung Park
- Departments of Polymer Science and Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Young Jeong
- Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea; Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - In-San Kim
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 39-1 Hawolgok-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea; Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-422, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Soo Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Sillim-dong, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Ick Chan Kwon
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 39-1 Hawolgok-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea; KU-KIST School, Korea University, 1 Anam-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Kuiwon Choi
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 39-1 Hawolgok-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kwangmeyung Kim
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 39-1 Hawolgok-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Bo F, Gao B, Duan W, Li H, Liu H, Bai Q. Assembly–disassembly driven “off–on” fluorescent perylene bisimide probes for detecting and tracking of proteins in living cells. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra42284d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Alexander VM, Sano K, Yu Z, Nakajima T, Choyke PL, Ptaszek M, Kobayashi H. Galactosyl human serum albumin-NMP1 conjugate: a near infrared (NIR)-activatable fluorescence imaging agent to detect peritoneal ovarian cancer metastases. Bioconjug Chem 2012; 23:1671-9. [PMID: 22799539 PMCID: PMC3432315 DOI: 10.1021/bc3002419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Patient survival depends on the completeness of resection of peritoneal ovarian cancer metastases (POCM), and therefore, it is important to develop methods to enhance detection. Previous probe designs based on activatable galactosyl human serum albumin (hGSA)-fluorophore pairs, which target lectin receptors expressed on POCM, have used only visible range dyes conjugated to hGSA. However, imaging probes emitting fluorescence in the NIR range are advantageous because NIR photons have deeper in vivo tissue penetration and result in lower background autofluorescence than those emitting in the visible range. A NIR-activatable hGSA fluorophore was synthesized using a bacteriochlorin-based dye, NMP1. NMP1 has two unique absorption peaks, one in the green range and the other in the NIR range, but emits at a NIR peak of 780 nm. NMP1, thus, has two different Stokes shifts that have the potential to allow imaging of POCM both at the peritoneal surface and just below it. hGSA was conjugated with 2 NMP1 molecules to create a self-quenching complex (hGSA-NMP1). The activation ratio of hGSA-NMP1 was measured by the fluorescence intensity before and after exposure to 10% SDS. The activation ratio of hGSA-NMP1 was ~100-fold in vitro. Flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy, and in vivo spectral fluorescence imaging were carried out to compare hGSA-NMP1 with hGSA-IR800 and hGSA-ICG (two always-on control agents with similar emission to NMP1) in terms of comparative fluorescence signal and the ability to detect POCM in mice models. The sensitivity and specificity of hGSA-NMP1 for POCM implant detection were determined by colocalizing NMP1 emission spectra with red fluorescent protein (RFP) expressed constitutively in SHIN3 tumor implants at different depths below the peritoneal surface. In vitro, SHIN3 cells were easily detectable after 3 h of incubation with hGSA-NMP1. In vivo submillimeter POCM foci were clearly detectable with spectral fluorescence imaging using hGSA-NMP1. Among 555 peritoneal lesions, hGSA-NMP, using NIR and green excitation light, respectively, detect 75% of all lesions and 91% of lesions ~0.8 mm or greater in diameter. Few false positives were encountered. Nodules located at a depth below the small bowel surface were only depicted with hGSA-NMP1. We conclude that hGSA-NMP1 is useful in imaging peritoneal ovarian cancer metastases, located both superficially and deep in the abdominal cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinita M. Alexander
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Kohei Sano
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Zhanqian Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland 21250
| | - Takahito Nakajima
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Peter L. Choyke
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Marcin Ptaszek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland 21250
| | - Hisataka Kobayashi
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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Zhong GS, Wu MN, Guo XF, Zhang SH, Miao QF, Zhen YS. Antitumor activities of dFv-LDP-AE: An enediyne-energized fusion protein targeting tumor-associated antigen gelatinases. Oncol Rep 2012; 28:1193-9. [PMID: 22797730 DOI: 10.3892/or.2012.1910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2012] [Accepted: 06/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Gelatinases play an important role in tumor growth and metastasis, and overexpression of these molecules is strongly correlated with poor prognosis in a variety of malignant tumors. Lidamycin is an enediyne antitumor antibiotic with potent cytotoxicity. We previously reported that a tandem scFv format (dFv-LDP-AE) showed enhanced binding ability with gelatinases compared with the scFv-lidamycin conjugate (Fv-LDP-AE). In this study, the antitumor activities of dFv-LDP-AE on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. By SDS-PAGE analysis, it was found that partial fusion protein dFv-LDP existed as dimer; the results of ELISA and immunofluorescence demonstrated that the fusion protein dFv-LDP could efficiently bind to hepatoma cells in vitro. The apparent arrest of cell cycle at G2/M phase and induction of apoptosis at nanomole levels indicated that the dFv-LDP-AE was very potent against HCC. In in vivo experiments, dFv-LDP-AE shown enhanced cytotoxic effects compared to those of LDM. Administration at mouse tolerable dosage level, the inhibition rate of tumor growth was 89.5% of dFv-LDP-AE vs. 73.6% of LDM on transplantable H22 in mice (P<0.05) and, 87.3% of dFv-LDP-AE vs. 63.4% of LDM on hepatoma Bel-7402 in athymic mice (P<0.01). Small animal optical imaging showed that the FITC-labeled dFv-LDP preferentially localized in the tumor site in less than 30 min, which demonstrated remarkable tumor-targeting properties. Taken together with the above findings, the enediyne-energized fusion protein dFv-LDP-AE showed potential application as a new agent for therapeutic appications in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen-Shen Zhong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province 453100, PR China
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McCann TE, Kosaka N, Choyke PL, Kobayashi H. The use of fluorescent proteins for developing cancer-specific target imaging probes. Methods Mol Biol 2012; 872:191-204. [PMID: 22700412 PMCID: PMC6386170 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-61779-797-2_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Target-specific imaging probes represent a promising tool in the molecular imaging of human cancer. Fluorescently-labeled target-specific probes are useful in imaging cancers because of their ability to bind a target receptor with high sensitivity and specificity. The development of probes relies upon preclinical testing to validate the sensitivity and specificity of these agents in animal models. However, this process involves both conventional histology and immunohistochemistry, which require large numbers of animals and samples with costly handling. In this chapter, we describe a novel validation tool that takes advantage of genetic engineering technology, whereby cell lines are transfected with genes that induce the target cell to produce fluorescent proteins with characteristic emission spectra, thus enabling their easy identification as cancer cells in vivo. Combined with multicolor fluorescence imaging, this can provide rapid validation of newly-developed exogenous probes that fluoresce at different wavelengths. For example, the plasmid containing the gene encoding red fluorescent protein (RFP) was transfected into cell lines previously developed to either express or not express specific cell surface receptors. Various antibody-based or ligand-based optical-contrast agents, with green fluorophores were developed to concurrently target cancer cells and validate their positive and negative controls, such as the β-D: -galactose receptor, HER1, and HER2 in a single animal/organ. Spectrally-resolved multicolor fluorescence imaging was used to detect separate fluorescence emission spectra from the exogenous green fluorophore and RFP. Here, we describe the use of "co-staining" (matching the exogenous fluorophore and the endogenous fluorescent protein to the positive control cell line) and "counter-staining" (matching the exogenous fluorophore to the positive control and the endogenous fluorescent protein to the negative control cell line) to validate the sensitivity and specificity of target-specific probes. Using these in vivo imaging techniques, we are able to determine the sensitivity and specificity of target-specific optical contrast agents in several distinct animal models of cancer in vivo, thus exemplifying the versatility of our technique, while reducing the number of animals needed to conduct these experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas E McCann
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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29
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Impact of albumin on drug delivery--new applications on the horizon. J Control Release 2011; 157:4-28. [PMID: 21959118 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.09.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 599] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2011] [Revised: 08/11/2011] [Accepted: 09/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decades, albumin has emerged as a versatile carrier for therapeutic and diagnostic agents, primarily for diagnosing and treating diabetes, cancer, rheumatoid arthritis and infectious diseases. Market approved products include fatty acid derivatives of human insulin or the glucagon-like-1 peptide (Levemir(®) and Victoza(®)) for treating diabetes, the taxol albumin nanoparticle Abraxane(®) for treating metastatic breast cancer which is also under clinical investigation in further tumor indications, and (99m)Tc-aggregated albumin (Nanocoll(®) and Albures(®)) for diagnosing cancer and rheumatoid arthritis as well as for lymphoscintigraphy. In addition, an increasing number of albumin-based or albumin-binding drugs are in clinical trials such as antibody fusion proteins (MM-111) for treating HER2/neu positive breast cancer (phase I), a camelid albumin-binding nanobody anti-HSA-anti-TNF-α (ATN-103) in phase II studies for treating rheumatoid arthritis, an antidiabetic Exendin-4 analog bound to recombinant human albumin (phase I/II), a fluorescein-labeled albumin conjugate (AFL)-human serum albumin for visualizing the malignant borders of brain tumors for improved surgical resection, and finally an albumin-binding prodrug of doxorubicin (INNO-206) entering phase II studies against sarcoma and gastric cancer. In the preclinical setting, novel approaches include attaching peptides with high-affinity for albumin to antibody fragments, the exploitation of albumin-binding gadolinium contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging, and physical or covalent attachment of antiviral, antibacterial, and anticancer drugs to albumin that are permanently or transiently attached to human serum albumin (HSA) or act as albumin-binding prodrugs. This review gives an overview of the expanding field of preclinical and clinical drug applications and developments that use albumin as a protein carrier to improve the pharmacokinetic profile of the drug or to target the drug to the pathogenic site addressing diseases with unmet medical needs.
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Crane LMA, van Oosten M, Pleijhuis RG, Motekallemi A, Dowdy SC, Cliby WA, van der Zee AGJ, van Dam GM. Intraoperative imaging in ovarian cancer: fact or fiction? Mol Imaging 2011; 10:248-57. [PMID: 21521557 PMCID: PMC3763956 DOI: 10.2310/7290.2011.00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2010] [Accepted: 10/09/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-targeted fluorescence imaging for cancer diagnosis and treatment is an evolving field of research that is on the verge of clinical implementation. As each tumor has its unique biologic profile, selection of the most promising targets is essential. In this review, we focus on target finding in ovarian cancer, a disease in which fluorescence imaging may be of value in both adequate staging and in improving cytoreductive efforts, and as such may have a beneficial effect on prognosis. Thus far, tumor-targeted imaging for ovarian cancer has been applied only in animal models. For clinical implementation, the five most prominent targets were identified: folate receptor α, vascular endothelial growth factor, epidermal growth factor receptor, chemokine receptor 4, and matrix metalloproteinase. These targets were selected based on expression rates in ovarian cancer, availability of an antibody or substrate aimed at the target approved by the Food and Drug Administration, and the likelihood of translation to human use. The purpose of this review is to present requirements for intraoperative imaging and to discuss possible tumor-specific targets for ovarian cancer, prioritizing for targets with substrates ready for introduction into the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia M A Crane
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Mery E, Jouve E, Guillermet S, Bourgognon M, Castells M, Golzio M, Rizo P, Delord JP, Querleu D, Couderc B. Intraoperative fluorescence imaging of peritoneal dissemination of ovarian carcinomas. A preclinical study. Gynecol Oncol 2011; 122:155-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2011.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2010] [Revised: 01/27/2011] [Accepted: 02/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Xu X, Zhang Y, Wang X, Guo X, Zhang X, Qi Y, Shen YM. Radiosynthesis, biodistribution and micro-SPECT imaging study of dendrimer-avidin conjugate. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:1643-8. [PMID: 21310621 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2010] [Revised: 01/17/2011] [Accepted: 01/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Partially acetylated generation five polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer (G5-Ac) was reacted with biotin and 2-(p-isothiocyanatobenzyl)-6-methyl-diethylenetria minepentaacetic acid (1B4M-DTPA), respectively to form the complex Bt-G5-Ac-1B4M which was further conjugated with avidin to give the conjugate Av-G5-Ac-1B4M. Then both of the conjugates were radiolabeled with technetium-99m ((99m)Tc), respectively. Their in vitro cellular uptake study shows that the conjugate of Av-G5-Ac-1B4M-(99m)Tc exhibits much higher cellular uptake in HeLa cells than that of Bt-G5-Ac-1B4M-(99m)Tc. Accordingly the following evaluation such as in vitro/in vivo stability, biodistribution and micro-SPECT imaging was observed only for the conjugate of Av-G5-Ac-1B4M-(99m)Tc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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33
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Kobayashi H, Ogawa M, Alford R, Choyke PL, Urano Y. New strategies for fluorescent probe design in medical diagnostic imaging. Chem Rev 2010; 110:2620-40. [PMID: 20000749 PMCID: PMC3241938 DOI: 10.1021/cr900263j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1521] [Impact Index Per Article: 108.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hisataka Kobayashi
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1088, USA.
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34
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Regino CAS, Ogawa M, Alford R, Wong KJ, Kosaka N, Williams M, Field BJ, Takahashi M, Choyke PL, Kobayashi H. Two-step synthesis of galactosylated human serum albumin as a targeted optical imaging agent for peritoneal carcinomatosis. J Med Chem 2010; 53:1579-86. [PMID: 20102220 PMCID: PMC3230036 DOI: 10.1021/jm901228u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An optical probe, RG-(gal)(28)GSA, was synthesized to improve the detection of peritoneal implants by targeting the beta-d-galactose receptors highly expressed on the cell surface of a wide variety of cancers arising from the ovary, pancreas, colon, and stomach. Evaluation of RG-(gal)(28)GSA, RG-(gal)(20)GSA, glucose-analogue RG-(glu)(28)GSA, and control RG-HSA demonstrates specificity for the galactose, binding to several human adenocarcinoma cell lines, and cellular internalization. Studies using peritoneally disseminated SHIN3 xenografts in mice also confirmed a preference for galactose with the ability to detect submillimeter size lesions. Preliminary toxicity study for RG-(gal)(28)GSA using Balb/c mice reveal no toxic effects up to 100x of the standard imaging dose of 1 mg/kg administered either intraperitoneally or intravenously. These data indicate that RG-(gal)(28)GSA can selectively target a variety of human adenocarcinomas, can improve intraoperative or endoscopic tumor detection and resection, and may have little or no toxic in vivo effects; hence, it may be clinically translatable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celeste Aida S. Regino
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1088
| | - Mikako Ogawa
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1088
| | - Raphael Alford
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1088
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 4000 Jones Bridge Road, Chevy Chase, MD 20815-6789
| | - Karen J. Wong
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1088
| | - Noboyuki Kosaka
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1088
| | - Mark Williams
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1088
- Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Brain J. Field
- Shimazdu Scientific Instruments, 7102 Riverwood Dr., Columbia, MD 21046
| | | | - Peter L. Choyke
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1088
| | - Hisataka Kobayashi
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1088
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35
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Neoplasia: the second decade. Neoplasia 2009; 10:1314-24. [PMID: 19048110 DOI: 10.1593/neo.81372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2008] [Revised: 10/27/2008] [Accepted: 10/27/2008] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This issue marks the end of the 10-year anniversary of Neoplasia where we have seen exciting growth in both number of submitted and published articles in Neoplasia. Neoplasia was first published in 1999. During the past 10 years, Neoplasia has dynamically adapted to the needs of the cancer research community as technologies have advanced. Neoplasia is currently providing access to articles through PubMed Central to continue to facilitate rapid broad-based dissemination of published findings to the scientific community through an Open Access model. This has in part helped Neoplasia to achieve an improved impact factor this past year, demonstrating that the manuscripts published by Neoplasia are of great interest to the overall cancer research community. This past year, Neoplasia received a record number of articles for review and has had a 21% increase in the number of published articles.
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Sensitive and selective tumor imaging with novel and highly activatable fluorescence probes. ANAL SCI 2008; 24:51-3. [PMID: 18187849 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.24.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Selective and sensitive tumor imaging in vivo is one of the most requested methodologies in medical sciences. Although several imaging modalities have been developed including positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging for the detection of tumors, none of these modalities can activate the signals upon being accumulated or uptaken to tumor sites. Among these modalities, only optical fluorescence imaging has a marked advantage, that is, their signals can be dramatically increased upon detecting some biological features. In this short review, I will introduce some recent strategies for activatable optical fluorescence imaging of tumors, and discuss their advantages over other modalities.
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Withrow KP, Newman JR, Skipper JB, Gleysteen JP, Magnuson JS, Zinn K, Rosenthal EL. Assessment of bevacizumab conjugated to Cy5.5 for detection of head and neck cancer xenografts. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2008; 7:61-6. [PMID: 18198926 DOI: 10.1177/153303460800700108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical fluorescent technology has the potential to deliver real time imaging of cancer into the operating room and the clinic. To determine the efficacy of fluorescently labeled anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antibody to be used as a cancer specific optical contrast agent to guide surgical resections, we evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of this agent to detect microscopic residual disease in a preclinical model of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Using a flank murine model, mice were xenografted with SCC-1 tumor cells and injected with anti-VEGF antibody (bevacizumab) conjugated to an optically active fluorophore (Cy5.5). Tumors underwent sub-total resections and were assessed for the presence of residual disease by fluorescent stereomicroscopy. Expected positive and negative biopsies were taken according to the presence or absence of fluorescence, respectively. Histology was used to confirm the presence or absence of disease. Biopsies taken from areas of fluorescence within the wound bed (n=18) were found to be histologically malignant in all but one biopsy. Samples taken from a non-fluorescing tumor bed (n=15) were found to be histologically benign in 11 of 15. These findings correlated with a sensitivity and specificity of 80.9% and 91.7%, respectively. This data supports previous data presented by this group and supports further investigation of fluorescently labeled anti-tumor antibodies to detect disease in the surgical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- K P Withrow
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-0012, USA
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Hama Y, Koyama Y, Bernardo M, Choyke PL, Kobayashi H. Spectral near-infrared fluorescence imaging of curved surfaces using projection reconstruction algorithms. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2008; 2:82-7. [PMID: 17451166 DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In vivo spectral fluorescence imaging has made it possible to non-invasively visualize superficial curved structures as well as structures deep to the skin. However, the defocus created by blurring has been an obstacle to creating anatomically interpretable surface images. Herein we present a methodology to correct for blurring induced by curved structures during spectral fluorescence imaging using signal intensity projection algorithms. In a phantom and an animal model in which the lymphatic system was visualized after the interstitial injection of quantum dots with emission spectra in the near-infrared (NIR) range, the planes of focus were sequentially adjusted to obtain a z-stack of images which contains images acquired from multiple focal points. Maximum, minimum, median and average intensity projections were applied to the resulting images. Using the phantom, the minimum and the median intensity projection images demonstrated improved deblurring whereas during in vivo imaging the median intensity projection images more clearly visualized important structures than did the other projection techniques. Image stacking with subsequent application of appropriate projection techniques provides a simple method for deblurring in vivo optical images obtained from curved surfaces, thus improving their anatomic resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukihiro Hama
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892-1088, USA
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39
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Neoplasia: An Anniversary of Progress. Neoplasia 2007. [DOI: 10.1593/neo.07968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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40
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Hama Y, Urano Y, Koyama Y, Gunn AJ, Choyke PL, Kobayashi H. A self-quenched galactosamine-serum albumin-rhodamineX conjugate: a "smart" fluorescent molecular imaging probe synthesized with clinically applicable material for detecting peritoneal ovarian cancer metastases. Clin Cancer Res 2007; 13:6335-43. [PMID: 17975145 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-07-1004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Fluorophore activation after cellular internalization of a targeted fluorescently labeled conjugate is an effective molecular imaging strategy to increase target-to-background ratios. The D-galactose receptor on ovarian cancer cells has been used to target self-quenched avidin-rhodamineX conjugates in which the avidin component binds to D-galactose receptor and the rhodamines are optically activated by dequenching only after cellular internalization. As a nonimmunogenic alternative of avidin, galactosamine-conjugated serum albumin (GmSA) targets the D-galactose receptor with higher binding affinity and has more conjugation sites available for rhodamineX than avidin. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN GmSA was conjugated with 20 rhodamineX molecules (GmSA-20ROX) to create a self-quenching complex, which was compared with a conjugate consisting of GmSA and a single rhodamineX (GmSA-1ROX) in ex vivo chemical activation characteristics, intracellular activation, and in vivo molecular imaging for detecting peritoneal micrometastases of SHIN3 ovarian cancer. RESULTS GmSA-20ROX was five times brighter than GmSA-1ROX when incubated with SHIN3 ovarian cancer cells for 3 h. Submillimeter SHIN3 ovarian cancer implants in the peritoneal cavity were clearly visualized in vivo with spectral fluorescence imaging due to the high tumor-to-background ratio. The sensitivity and specificity of GmSA-20ROX for implant detection were determined by colocalization of the rhodamineX emission with red fluorescent protein expressed constitutively in the SHIN3 tumor implants. Among 336 lesions, sensitivity and specificity were 99%/99%, respectively, for GmSA-20ROX, whereas the results for GmSA-1ROX were only 24%/100% (n = 388), respectively, for lesions approximately 0.8 mm or greater in diameter. CONCLUSION Self-quenched GmSA-20ROX is more efficient than previous d-galactose-targeted fluorescent conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukihiro Hama
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1088, USA
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41
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Gunn AJ, Hama Y, Koyama Y, Kohn EC, Choyke PL, Kobayashi H. Targeted optical fluorescence imaging of human ovarian adenocarcinoma using a galactosyl serum albumin-conjugated fluorophore. Cancer Sci 2007; 98:1727-33. [PMID: 17784874 PMCID: PMC2585545 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2007.00602.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Achieving maximal cytoreduction during surgery is a critical prognostic factor for women with advanced-stage ovarian cancer. Targeting optical imaging agents directly to ovarian cancer cells by attaching them to galactosyl (galactosamine-conjugated) serum albumin, whose sugar residues bind surface lectins that are expressed in certain ovarian adenocarcinomas, may improve metastatic tumor identification and resection. Thus, we sought to demonstrate that galactosyl serum albumin-conjugated fluorophores would be a robust mechanism through which to target ovarian cancer by evaluating its tumor-targeting capability in nine human ovarian adenocarcinoma cell lines. The optical fluorophore rhodamine green was conjugated to galactosyl serum albumin, a non-immunogenic targeting molecule. Galactosyl serum albumin-rhodamine green's ability to target nine human ovarian adenocarcinoma cell lines was evaluated by flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy and in vivo optical fluorescence imaging using female athymic nu/nu mice. All nine cell lines tested bound galactosyl serum albumin-rhodamine green more effectively than non-glycosylated controls (P < 0.0001). Fluorescence microscopy demonstrated that galactosyl serum albumin-rhodamine green was internalized into each cell line in a galactosamine-dependent manner. In vivo optical fluorescence images of intraperitoneal tumor-bearing mice acquired 3 h after intraperitoneal injection of galactosyl serum albumin-rhodamine green successfully differentiated between tumor and normal tissue. This technique also allowed the visualization of submillimeter-sized ovarian tumor implants. These results indicate that galactosyl serum albumin-rhodamine green can selectively target a variety of human ovarian adenocarcinomas for optical fluorescence imaging and thus may improve intraoperative tumor detection and resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Gunn
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1088, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 4000 Jones Bridge Road, Chevy Chase, MD 20815-6789, USA
| | - Yukihiro Hama
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1088, USA
| | - Yoshinori Koyama
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1088, USA
| | - Elise C. Kohn
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1088, USA
| | - Peter L. Choyke
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1088, USA
| | - Hisataka Kobayashi
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1088, USA
- * Address for correspondence: Hisataka Kobayashi, M. D., Ph. D., Molecular Imaging Program, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1088, Phone: (301) 451-4220, Fax: (301) 402-3191,
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42
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Hama Y, Urano Y, Koyama Y, Choyke PL, Kobayashi H. D-galactose receptor-targeted in vivo spectral fluorescence imaging of peritoneal metastasis using galactosamin-conjugated serum albumin-rhodamine green. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2007; 12:051501. [PMID: 17994865 DOI: 10.1117/1.2779351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The wavelength resolved spectral fluorescence imaging technique using a fluorescein-conjugated avidin has been reported to visualize submillimeter implants of ovarian cancer because of its highly targeted and quickly cleared pharmacokinetics. However, clinical application of avidin was hampered by its strong immunogenicity. As a clinically feasible alternative to avidin, which targets the same D-galactose receptor but is made from a nonimmunogenic source, with even better binding capability by multiplying binding sites but still maintaining a favorable characteristic of high isoelectric point, a serum albumin conjugated with 23 galactosamine and 2 rhodamine green molecules (GmSA-RhodG) was designed and synthesized. GmSA-RhodG showed more than 10-fold rapid and higher uptake by SHIN3 ovarian cancer cells than both avidin- and no galactosamine-conjugated albumin (bovine serum)-RhodG. Sensitivity and specificity of GmSA-RhodG to detect red fluorescence labeled peritoneal cancer foci in mouse cancer model were 100%/99% (n=566), respectively for approximately 1-mm lesions and even smaller lesions were detected in vivo. These results indicate that GmSA-RhodG is not only a clinically feasible alternative but more efficient targeting reagent for D-galactose receptors than avidin-RhodG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukihiro Hama
- National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, Molecular Imaging Program, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1088, USA
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43
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Gunn AJ, Brechbiel MW, Choyke PL. The emerging role of molecular imaging and targeted therapeutics in peritoneal carcinomatosis. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2007; 4:389-402. [PMID: 17683252 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.4.4.389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Peritoneal carcinomatosis is a common and often fatal late-stage complication of many gastrointestinal and gynecologic malignancies. This review discusses the ongoing evolution of diagnostic and treatment strategies for peritoneal carcinomatosis and the role that molecular imaging and radioimmunotherapy may play in improving patient survival. An overview of recent developments in targeted imaging and therapeutics for peritoneal carcinomatosis, as well as the authors' opinions as to future developments in this field is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Gunn
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 4000 Jones Bridge Road, Chevy Chase, MD 20815-6789, USA
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44
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Hama Y, Urano Y, Koyama Y, Choyke PL, Kobayashi H. Activatable fluorescent molecular imaging of peritoneal metastases following pretargeting with a biotinylated monoclonal antibody. Cancer Res 2007; 67:3809-17. [PMID: 17440095 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-06-3794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Optical probes that yield high target-to-background ratios are necessary to detect microfoci of cancer that would otherwise escape detection with white light imaging. Target-specific activation of the optical signal at tumor foci is one mechanism by which high target and low background signal can be achieved. Here, we describe a two-step activation process in which the tumors are first pretargeted with a nonfluorescent biotinylated monoclonal antibody [cetuximab (Erbitux) targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor type 1 (HER1)]. Following this, a second agent, neutravidin-BODIPY-FL fluorescent conjugate, is given and binds to the previously targeted antibody, resulting in an approximately 10-fold amplification of the optical fluorescence signal, leading to high tumor-to-background ratios. Spectral fluorescence imaging was done in a mouse model of peritoneal metastasis using a HER1-overexpressing cell line (A431) after pretargeting with biotinylated cetuximab and 3 h after administration of neutravidin-conjugated BODIPY-FL. Both aggregated tumors as well as small cancer implants were clearly visualized in vivo. For lesions approximately 0.8 mm or greater in diameter, the spectral fluorescence imaging had a sensitivity of 96% (178 of 185) and a specificity of 98% (188 of 191). This two-step activation paradigm (pretargeting followed by neutravidin-biotin binding with an attached activatable fluorophore) could be useful in tumor-specific molecular imaging of various targets to guide surgical resections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukihiro Hama
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute/NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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45
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Hama Y, Urano Y, Koyama Y, Kamiya M, Bernardo M, Paik RS, Shin IS, Paik CH, Choyke PL, Kobayashi H. A target cell-specific activatable fluorescence probe for in vivo molecular imaging of cancer based on a self-quenched avidin-rhodamine conjugate. Cancer Res 2007; 67:2791-9. [PMID: 17363601 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-06-3315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A target cell-specific activation strategy for improved molecular imaging of peritoneal implants has been proposed, in which fluorophores are activated only in living targeted cells. A current example of an activatable fluorophore is one that is normally self-quenched by attachment to a peptide backbone but which can be activated by specific proteases that degrade the peptide resulting in "dequenching." In this study, an alternate fluorescence activation strategy is proposed whereby self-quenching avidin-rhodamine X, which has affinity for lectin on cancer cells, is activated after endocytosis and degradation within the lysosome. Using this approach in a mouse model of peritoneal ovarian metastases, we document target-specific molecular imaging of submillimeter cancer nodules with minimal contamination by background signal. Cellular internalization of receptor-ligand pairs with subsequent activation of fluorescence via dequenching provides a generalizable and highly sensitive method of detecting cancer microfoci in vivo and has practical implications for assisting surgical and endoscopic procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukihiro Hama
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1088, USA
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46
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Kamiya M, Kobayashi H, Hama Y, Koyama Y, Bernardo M, Nagano T, Choyke PL, Urano Y. An enzymatically activated fluorescence probe for targeted tumor imaging. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:3918-29. [PMID: 17352471 PMCID: PMC2555972 DOI: 10.1021/ja067710a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Beta-galactosidase is a widely used reporter enzyme, but although several substrates are available for in vitro detection, its application for in vivo optical imaging remains a challenge. To obtain a probe suitable for in vivo use, we modified our previously developed activatable fluorescence probe, TG-betaGal (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 4888-4894), on the basis of photochemical and photophysical experiments. The new probe, AM-TG-betaGal, provides a dramatic fluorescence enhancement upon reaction with beta-galactosidase, and further hydrolysis of the ester moiety by ubiquitous intracellular esterases affords a hydrophilic product that is well retained within the cells without loss of fluorescence. We used a mouse tumor model to assess the practical utility of AM-TG-betaGal, after confirming that tumors in the model could be labeled with an avidin-beta-galactosidase conjugate. This conjugate was administered to the mice in vivo, followed by AM-TG-betaGal, and subsequent ex vivo fluorescence imaging clearly visualized intraperitoneal tumors as small as 200 microm. This strategy has potential clinical application, for example, in video-assisted laparoscopic tumor resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mako Kamiya
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hisataka Kobayashi
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 10, Rm. 1B40, 10 Center Dr., Bethesda, MD 20892-1088
- * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: or
| | - Yukihiro Hama
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 10, Rm. 1B40, 10 Center Dr., Bethesda, MD 20892-1088
| | - Yoshinori Koyama
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 10, Rm. 1B40, 10 Center Dr., Bethesda, MD 20892-1088
| | - Marcelino Bernardo
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 10, Rm. 1B40, 10 Center Dr., Bethesda, MD 20892-1088
| | - Tetsuo Nagano
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Peter L. Choyke
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 10, Rm. 1B40, 10 Center Dr., Bethesda, MD 20892-1088
| | - Yasuteru Urano
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan
- * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: or
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47
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Hama Y, Urano Y, Koyama Y, Bernardo M, Choyke PL, Kobayashi H. A comparison of the emission efficiency of four common green fluorescence dyes after internalization into cancer cells. Bioconjug Chem 2007; 17:1426-31. [PMID: 17105220 PMCID: PMC2556176 DOI: 10.1021/bc0601626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In vivo optical imaging to enhance the detection of cancer during endoscopy or surgery requires a targeted fluorescent probe with high emission efficiency and high signal-to-background ratio. One strategy to accurately detect cancers is to have the fluorophore internalize within the cancer cells permitting nonbound fluorophores to be washed away or absorbed. The choice of fluorophores for this task must be carefully considered. For depth of penetration, near-infrared probes are ordinarily preferred but suffer from relatively low quantum efficiency. Although green fluorescent protein has been widely used to image tumors on internal organs in mice, green fluorescent probes are better suited for imaging the superficial tissues because of the short penetration distance of green light in tissue and the highly efficient production of signal. While the fluorescence properties of green fluorophores are well-known in vitro, less attention has been paid to their fluorescence once they are internalized within cells. In this study, the emission efficiency after cellular internalization of four common green fluorophores conjugated to avidin (Av-fluorescein, Av-Oregon green, Av-BODIPY-FL, and Av-rhodamine green) were compared after each conjugate was incubated with SHIN3 ovarian cancer cells. Using the lectin binding receptor system, the avidin-fluorophore conjugates were endocytosed, and their fluorescence was evaluated with fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. While fluorescein demonstrated the highest signal outside the cell, among the four fluorophores, internalized Av-rhodamine green emitted the most light from SHIN3 ovarian cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. The internalized Av-rhodamine green complex appeared to localize to the endoplasmic vesicles. Thus, among the four common green fluorescent dyes, rhodamine green is the brightest green fluorescence probe after cellular internalization. This information could have implications for the design of tumor-targeted fluorescent probes that rely on cellular internalization for cancer detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukihiro Hama
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1002, USA
| | - Yasuteru Urano
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Koyama
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1002, USA
| | | | - Peter L. Choyke
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1002, USA
| | - Hisataka Kobayashi
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1002, USA
- Correspondence to: Hisataka Kobayashi, MD, PhD, Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer for Cancer Research, National Cancer, Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1088, USA, Phone: 301-435-4086; Fax: 301-402-3191, E-mail:
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48
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Hama Y, Urano Y, Koyama Y, Choyke PL, Kobayashi H. Targeted optical imaging of cancer cells using lectin-binding BODIPY conjugated avidin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2006; 348:807-13. [PMID: 16904640 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.07.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2006] [Accepted: 07/15/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Lectins (asialo-receptor family) are expressed on a number of tumors that develop peritoneal metastases. To demonstrate that fluorescence imaging based on lectin binding is applicable for a variety of tumors, we conjugated BODIPY to avidin (avidin-BODIPY), and studied the efficacy of tumor targeting in 9 cancer cell lines in vitro and an ovarian cancer cell line in vivo using a murine peritoneal cancer model. All 9 cell lines showed specific intracellular accumulation with avidin-BODIPY on fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. In vivo spectral molecular imaging clearly visualized the peritoneal tumor foci with avidin-BODIPY, whereas, deglycosylated avidin-BODIPY (neutravidin-BODIPY) showed only minimal fluorescence from the tumor foci and was accompanied by higher background signals. These results suggest the lectin-targeted molecular imaging technique using a targeted green fluorescence probe is potentially useful in a wide variety of cancers with a proclivity for dissemination in the peritoneal space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukihiro Hama
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892-1088, USA
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