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El-Mahdy HA, Mohamadin AM, Abulsoud AI, Khidr EG, El-Husseiny AA, Ismail A, Elsakka EGE, Mokhlis HA, El-Husseiny HM, Doghish AS. miRNAs as potential game-changers in head and neck cancer: Future clinical and medicinal uses. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 245:154457. [PMID: 37058745 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Head and neck cancers (HNCs) are a group of heterogeneous tumors formed most frequently from epithelial cells of the larynx, lips, oropharynx, nasopharynx, and mouth. Numerous epigenetic components, including miRNAs, have been demonstrated to have an impact on HNCs characteristics like progression, angiogenesis, initiation, and resistance to therapeutic interventions. The miRNAs may control the production of numerous genes linked to HNCs pathogenesis. The roles that miRNAs play in angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, cell cycle, proliferation, and apoptosis are responsible for this impact. The miRNAs also have an impact on crucial HNCs-related mechanistic networks like the WNT/β-catenin signaling, PTEN/Akt/mTOR pathway, TGFβ, and KRAS mutations. miRNAs may affect how the HNCs respond to treatments like radiation and chemotherapy in addition to pathophysiology. This review aims to demonstrate the relationship between miRNAs and HNCs with a particular emphasis on how miRNAs impact HNCs signaling networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham A El-Mahdy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr, Cairo 11231, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed M Mohamadin
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr, Cairo 11231, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I Abulsoud
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr, Cairo 11231, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Emad Gamil Khidr
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr, Cairo 11231, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A El-Husseiny
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr, Cairo 11231, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ismail
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr, Cairo 11231, Egypt
| | - Elsayed G E Elsakka
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr, Cairo 11231, Egypt
| | - Hamada Ahmed Mokhlis
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr, Cairo 11231, Egypt
| | - Hussein M El-Husseiny
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai Cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, Al Qalyubia 13736, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr, Cairo 11231, Egypt.
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Thomaidou AC, Batsaki P, Adamaki M, Goulielmaki M, Baxevanis CN, Zoumpourlis V, Fortis SP. Promising Biomarkers in Head and Neck Cancer: The Most Clinically Important miRNAs. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158257. [PMID: 35897831 PMCID: PMC9367895 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancers (HNCs) comprise a heterogeneous group of tumors that extend from the oral cavity to the upper gastrointestinal tract. The principal etiologic factors for oral tumors include tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption, while human papillomavirus (HPV) infections have been accused of a high incidence of pharyngeal tumors. Accordingly, HPV detection has been extensively used to categorize carcinomas of the head and neck. The diverse nature of HNC highlights the necessity for novel, sensitive, and precise biomarkers for the prompt diagnosis of the disease, its successful monitoring, and the timely prognosis of patient clinical outcomes. In this context, the identification of certain microRNAs (miRNAs) and/or the detection of alterations in their expression patterns, in a variety of somatic fluids and tissues, could serve as valuable biomarkers for precision oncology. In the present review, we summarize some of the most frequently studied miRNAs (including miR-21, -375, -99, -34a, -200, -31, -125a/b, -196a/b, -9, -181a, -155, -146a, -23a, -16, -29, and let-7), their role as biomarkers, and their implication in HNC pathogenesis. Moreover, we designate the potential of given miRNAs and miRNA signatures as novel diagnostic and prognostic tools for successful patient stratification. Finally, we discuss the currently ongoing clinical trials that aim to identify the diagnostic, prognostic, or therapeutic utility of miRNAs in HNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arsinoe C. Thomaidou
- Biomedical Applications Unit, Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation (NHRF), 11635 Athens, Greece; (A.C.T.); (M.A.)
| | - Panagiota Batsaki
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Center, Saint Savas Cancer Hospital, 11522 Athens, Greece; (P.B.); (M.G.); (C.N.B.)
| | - Maria Adamaki
- Biomedical Applications Unit, Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation (NHRF), 11635 Athens, Greece; (A.C.T.); (M.A.)
| | - Maria Goulielmaki
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Center, Saint Savas Cancer Hospital, 11522 Athens, Greece; (P.B.); (M.G.); (C.N.B.)
| | - Constantin N. Baxevanis
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Center, Saint Savas Cancer Hospital, 11522 Athens, Greece; (P.B.); (M.G.); (C.N.B.)
| | - Vassilis Zoumpourlis
- Biomedical Applications Unit, Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation (NHRF), 11635 Athens, Greece; (A.C.T.); (M.A.)
- Correspondence: (V.Z.); (S.P.F.); Tel.: +30-210-727-3730 (V.Z.); +30-210-640-9462 (S.P.F.)
| | - Sotirios P. Fortis
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Center, Saint Savas Cancer Hospital, 11522 Athens, Greece; (P.B.); (M.G.); (C.N.B.)
- Correspondence: (V.Z.); (S.P.F.); Tel.: +30-210-727-3730 (V.Z.); +30-210-640-9462 (S.P.F.)
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Chen X, Liu Y, Liu H, Wang ZW, Zhu X. Unraveling diverse roles of noncoding RNAs in various human papillomavirus negative cancers. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 238:108188. [PMID: 35421419 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV)-negative tumors distinguish from cancers associated with HPV infection. Due to its high rate of lymph node metastasis and difficulty in inchoate discover and diagnosis, the treatment efficacy of HPV-negative cancers is unsatisfactory. Epidemiological evidence suggests that HPV-negative tumor patients have a poor prognosis, and the mortality is higher than that of cancer patients caused by HPV infection. Evidence has demonstrated that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a crucial role in regulation of physiological and developmental processes. Therefore, dysregulated ncRNAs are involved in the occurrence of diversified diseases, including cancer. In cumulative studies, ncRNAs are concerned with pathogenetic mechanisms of HPV-negative tumors via regulating gene expression and signal transduction. It is important to decipher the functions of ncRNAs in HPV-negative cancers and identify the potential biomarkers, which will bring new treatment strategies for improving outcome of cancer therapy. In this review, we demonstrated the effects of ncRNAs via regulating the development and progression of HPV- negative tumors by directly or indirectly acting on target molecules, which provide a basis for future tumor targeted therapy by targeting ncRNAs for HPV-negative cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Hejing Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; Department of Research and Development, Beijing Zhongwei Research Center of Biological and Translational Medicine, Beijing 100161, China.
| | - Xueqiong Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China.
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Weiss BG, Anczykowski MZ, Ihler F, Bertlich M, Spiegel JL, Haubner F, Canis M, Küffer S, Hess J, Unger K, Kitz J, Jakob M. MicroRNA-182-5p and microRNA-205-5p as potential biomarkers for prognostic stratification of p16-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Biomark 2021; 33:331-347. [PMID: 34542062 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-203149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs constitute promising biomarkers. OBJECTIVE The aim was to investigate diagnostic and prognostic implications of miR-182-5p and miR-205-5p in p16-positive and p16-negative oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCCs). METHODS Expression of miR-182-5p, miR-205-5p were determined via quantitative real-time-PCR in fresh frozen tissues of 26 p16-positive, 19 p16-negative OPSCCs and 18 HPV-negative oropharyngeal controls. Associations between miRNA-expression, clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis were analyzed. RESULTS Higher miR-182-5p expression was associated with significant inferior disease-specific survival for p16-positive OPSCCs (HR = 1.98E+09, 95% CI 0-Inf; P= 0.028) and a similar trend was observed for p16-negative OPSCCs (HR = 1.56E+09, 95% CI 0-Inf; P= 0.051). Higher miR-205-5p expression was associated with an inferior progression-free survival (HR = 4.62, 95% CI 0.98-21.83; P= 0.034) and local control rate (HR = 2.18E+09, 95% CI 0-Inf; P= 0.048) for p16-positive OPSCCs. CONCLUSIONS Results indicate that miR-182-5p and miR-205-5p can further stratify patients with p16-positive OPSCC into prognostic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard G Weiss
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Mahalia Zoe Anczykowski
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Friedrich Ihler
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (DSGZ), Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Mattis Bertlich
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jennifer L Spiegel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Frank Haubner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Canis
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Küffer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Julia Hess
- Research Unit Radiation Cytogenetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Munich, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany.,Clinical Cooperation Group "Personalized Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer", Helmholtz Zentrum München, Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Munich, Germany
| | - Kristian Unger
- Research Unit Radiation Cytogenetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Munich, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany.,Clinical Cooperation Group "Personalized Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer", Helmholtz Zentrum München, Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Kitz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Mark Jakob
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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5
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Gravemeyer J, Lange A, Ritter C, Spassova I, Song L, Picard D, Remke M, Horny K, Sriram A, Gambichler T, Schadendorf D, Hoffmann D, Becker JC. Classical and Variant Merkel Cell Carcinoma Cell Lines Display Different Degrees of Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 141:1675-1686.e4. [PMID: 33600825 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive neuroendocrine skin cancer characterized by high invasiveness, early metastases, and high mortality. Because of the lack of suitable animal models, most functional studies are performed using cell lines, some of which lack classical neuroendocrine growth characteristics. Here, we scrutinized the molecular characteristics of classical MCC and variant MCC cell lines by differential gene expression and the respective epigenetic regulation by microRNAs and DNA methylation. Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cell lines were used for comparison. The most striking observation was a lower expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related genes in classical MCCs, which was accompanied by higher expression of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition-regulating microRNA clusters miR-200c-141 and miR-183-96-182 and hypomethylation of the respective microRNA loci. Experimental expression of the MCC lineage factor ATOH1 in variant MCCs resulted in an increased expression of miR-200c-141 paralleled by a reduction of genes associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition, thus demonstrating a connection between neuroendocrine characteristics and the lack of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Together, our observations not only reinforce concerns about the use of variant MCCs as proper MCC representatives, but also suggest variant MCCs as cells locked in an intermediate state between neuroendocrine and epithelial differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Gravemeyer
- Group of Translational Skin Cancer Research (TSCR), University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) & German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anja Lange
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biophysics, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Cathrin Ritter
- Group of Translational Skin Cancer Research (TSCR), University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) & German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ivelina Spassova
- Group of Translational Skin Cancer Research (TSCR), University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Lina Song
- Group of Translational Skin Cancer Research (TSCR), University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Daniel Picard
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) & German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marc Remke
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) & German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kai Horny
- Group of Translational Skin Cancer Research (TSCR), University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) & German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ashwin Sriram
- Group of Translational Skin Cancer Research (TSCR), University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) & German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thilo Gambichler
- Skin Cancer Center, Department for Dermatology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Dirk Schadendorf
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Daniel Hoffmann
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biophysics, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jürgen C Becker
- Group of Translational Skin Cancer Research (TSCR), University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) & German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.
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6
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Issın G, Kucukodacı Z, Yılmaz I, Erkul E, Tural E, Demirel D, Gungor A, Yıldırım S. Evaluation of the mir-126, mir-182, and mir-486-5p Expression Signature of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas and Lung Squamous Cell Carcinomas. Turk Patoloji Derg 2021; 37:106-114. [PMID: 33973644 PMCID: PMC10512682 DOI: 10.5146/tjpath.2021.01528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) originating from different anatomic localizations display a similar histological appearance under light microscopy, they may differ in terms of epigenetic and genetic features. The aim of this study was to analyze mir-126, mir-182, and mir-486-5p expression levels in head and neck SCCs and lung SCCs, and to identify localization-specific miRNA expression profiles. MATERIAL AND METHOD The expression levels of mir-126, mir-182, and mir-486-5p were analyzed in lung, oral cavity, laryngeal, and hypopharyngeal SCCs in 40 patients, using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS The findings showed that lung, oral cavity, laryngeal, and hypopharyngeal SCCs have distinct mir-126 and mir-486-5p expression profiles. It was also observed that mir-126 and mir-486-5p expression levels were highly specific to the tumor localization. CONCLUSION These findings highlighted that SCCs originating from different anatomic localizations have different miRNA expression profiles. miRNA expression analysis can be used to predict the primary localizations of those SCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Issın
- Department of Pathology, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Mengucek Gazi Training and Research Hospital, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Zafer Kucukodacı
- University of Health Sciences, İstanbul Sultan 2. Abdülhamid Han Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ismail Yılmaz
- University of Health Sciences, İstanbul Sultan 2. Abdülhamid Han Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Evren Erkul
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Gulhane Medical School, University of Health Sciences, İstanbul Sultan 2. Abdülhamid Han Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ersin Tural
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Health Sciences, İstanbul Sultan 2. Abdülhamid Han Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilaver Demirel
- Department of Pathology, University of Health Sciences, Gaziosmanpasa-Taksim Health Application and Research Center, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Atila Gungor
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical Park Goztepe Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sukru Yıldırım
- Department of Pathology, Maltepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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Takeuchi T, Kawasaki H, Luce A, Cossu AM, Misso G, Scrima M, Bocchetti M, Ricciardiello F, Caraglia M, Zappavigna S. Insight toward the MicroRNA Profiling of Laryngeal Cancers: Biological Role and Clinical Impact. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3693. [PMID: 32456271 PMCID: PMC7279294 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), a heterogeneous disease arising from various anatomical locations including the larynx, is a leading cause of death worldwide. Despite advances in multimodality treatment, the overall survival rate of the disease is still largely dismal. Early and accurate diagnosis of HNSCC is urgently demanded in order to prevent cancer progression and to improve the quality of the patient's life. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs), a family of small non-coding RNAs, have been widely reported as new robust tools for prediction, diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic approaches of human diseases. Abnormally expressed miRNAs are strongly associated with cancer development, resistance to chemo-/radiotherapy, and metastatic potential through targeting a large variety of genes. In this review, we summarize on the recent reports that emphasize the pivotal biological roles of miRNAs in regulating carcinogenesis of HNSCC, particularly laryngeal cancer. In more detail, we report the characterized miRNAs with an evident either oncogenic or tumor suppressive role in the cancers. In addition, we also focus on the correlation between miRNA deregulation and clinical relevance in cancer patients. On the basis of intriguing findings, the study of miRNAs will provide a new great opportunity to access better clinical management of the malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Takeuchi
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (T.T.); (H.K.); (A.L.); (A.M.C.); (G.M.); (M.B.); (S.Z.)
- Molecular Diagnostics Division, Wakunaga Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hiroshima 739-1195, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Kawasaki
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (T.T.); (H.K.); (A.L.); (A.M.C.); (G.M.); (M.B.); (S.Z.)
- Drug Discovery Laboratory, Wakunaga Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hiroshima 739-1195, Japan
| | - Amalia Luce
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (T.T.); (H.K.); (A.L.); (A.M.C.); (G.M.); (M.B.); (S.Z.)
| | - Alessia Maria Cossu
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (T.T.); (H.K.); (A.L.); (A.M.C.); (G.M.); (M.B.); (S.Z.)
- Biogem Scarl, Institute of Genetic Research, Laboratory of Molecular and Precision Oncology, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy;
| | - Gabriella Misso
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (T.T.); (H.K.); (A.L.); (A.M.C.); (G.M.); (M.B.); (S.Z.)
| | - Marianna Scrima
- Biogem Scarl, Institute of Genetic Research, Laboratory of Molecular and Precision Oncology, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy;
| | - Marco Bocchetti
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (T.T.); (H.K.); (A.L.); (A.M.C.); (G.M.); (M.B.); (S.Z.)
- Biogem Scarl, Institute of Genetic Research, Laboratory of Molecular and Precision Oncology, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy;
| | | | - Michele Caraglia
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (T.T.); (H.K.); (A.L.); (A.M.C.); (G.M.); (M.B.); (S.Z.)
- Biogem Scarl, Institute of Genetic Research, Laboratory of Molecular and Precision Oncology, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy;
| | - Silvia Zappavigna
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (T.T.); (H.K.); (A.L.); (A.M.C.); (G.M.); (M.B.); (S.Z.)
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8
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Warford A, Rahman NS, Ribeiro DA, Uysal Onganer P. Demonstration of microRNA using in situ hybridisation on formalin fixed paraffin wax samples using conventional oligonucleotide probes: a comparison with the use of locked nucleic acid probes. Br J Biomed Sci 2020; 77:135-141. [PMID: 32223721 DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2020.1748913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate the translation of mRNA during gene expression and investigations have highlighted their importance in pathophysiology. qRT-PCR is currently the gold standard method for detecting changes in miRNA expression. However, when used on heterogeneous samples, it cannot identify individual cell types harbouring miRNAs. For this, in situ hybridisation (ISH) can be used. ISH methods using locked nucleic acid (LNA) probes give reliable results in formalin fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples. In this study their use has been directly compared with conventional oligonucleotide probes (COP) for ISH. METHODS FFPE samples of colorectal adenocarcinoma, squamous carcinoma of lung and cases of invasive breast carcinoma were used to evaluate COP and LNA methods for the demonstration of miR-126 and miR-205. To demonstrate the utility of the COP method demonstration of miR-21 in 19 Gleason stage 7 prostate biopsy FFPE tissues was also undertaken. The demonstration of miR-21 by ISH in high and low expressing prostate cancer cell lines was also compared with qRT-PCR. RESULTS Similar results were obtained using the COP and LNA ISH methods for the demonstration of miR-126 and miR-205. miR-21 was successfully demonstrated in the prostate cancer samples by COP ISH and expression levels of the miRNA demonstrated in the cell lines corresponded with qRT-PCR. CONCLUSION This study has shown that simplification of ISH protocols by the use of COPs provides equivalent results to the use of LNA methods and it can be used to precisely identify cells in which miRNAs are expressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Warford
- Life Sciences, University of Westminster , London, UK
| | - N S Rahman
- Life Sciences, University of Westminster , London, UK
| | - D A Ribeiro
- Life Sciences, University of Westminster , London, UK
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Lu S, Chen L, Tang L. Upregulation of AKT1 and downregulation of AKT3 caused by dysregulation of microRNAs contributes to pathogenesis of hemangioma by promoting proliferation of endothelial cells. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:21342-21351. [PMID: 31074018 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to verify the differentially expressed miRNAs (microRNAs) in hemangioma, and explore their roles in the pathogenesis of hemangioma in vivo and ex vivo. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blot were used to measure reported differentially expressed miRNAs and their potential targets. In-silicon analysis and luciferase assay were conducted to find the target of miR-15a and miR-205. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and flowcytometry were performed to examine the effect of dysregulation of miR-15a and miR-205 on the proliferation and apoptosis of endothelial cells. Among all candidate miRNAs, only miR-205 level was significantly downregulated whereas miR-15a was evidently upregulated in the hemangioma group. Accordingly, AKT3 was validated to be the direct target of miR-15a and miR-205. Using real-time PCR, the level of AKT1 was much higher in hemangioma group, whereas level of AKT3 was much lower in the hemangioma group, and in general expression level of ATK was upregulated in the hemangioma group. Furthermore, the ATK1 level of cells transfected with miR-205 mimics and ATK1 siRNA was substantially downregulated, and anti-miR-205 mimic significantly improved the level of AKT1, and meanwhile the level of ATK3 and PTEN were remarkably suppressed after transfection with miR-15a mimics and ATK3 siRNA, whereas notably overexpressed after introduction of anti-miR-15a. And miR-15a, AKT3 siRNA and anti-miR-205 evidently induced viability, and miR-205, AKT1 siRNA, and anti-miR-15a obviously promoted apoptosis of cells. CONCLUSION: miR-15a and miR-205 had different expression in hemangioma, may be novel therapeutic targets in the treatment of hemangioma by targeting AKT3 and AKT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Lu
- Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Lingling Chen
- College of Health Science and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Tang
- Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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10
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Kolenda T, Guglas K, Teresiak A, Bliźniak R, Lamperska K. Low let-7d and high miR-205 expression levels positively influence HNSCC patient outcome. J Biomed Sci 2019; 26:17. [PMID: 30755200 PMCID: PMC6373017 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-019-0511-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Head and neck squamous carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most invasive types of cancer with high mortality. A previous study has indicated that low levels of let-7d and miR-205 in HNSCC patients are correlated with poor survival. Let-7d and miR-205 are tumor suppressors and regulators of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, it is unclear if let-7d and miR-205 together influence cancer cells. Aim To determine if let-7d and miR-205 expression levels influence HNSCC patient outcome. Methods The TCGA expression data for let-7d, miR-205 and their targets as well as clinical data were downloaded from cBioPortal and starBase v2.0 for 307 patients. The expression levels of let-7d and miR-205 were verified according to clinicopathological parameters. The let-7d and miR-205 high- and low-expression groups as well as disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS) and expression levels of genes related to EMT, cancer stem cells, metastasis, cell cycle, drug response and irradiation response were investigated. Results Let-7d and miR-205 were frequently upregulated in HNSCC compared to normal samples, and ROC analysis showed high discrimination ability for let-7d and miR-205 (area 0.7369 and 0.7739, respectively; p < 0.0001). Differences between expression levels of let-7d or miR-205 and grade, angiolymphatic invasion, perineural invasion and alcohol consumption were indicated. No differences were observed in N-stage, tumor localization, gender or patient age. Patients with lower let-7d levels and higher miR-205 levels had significantly better OS (p = 0.0325) than patients with higher let-7d levels and lower miR-205 levels. In the low let-7d level and high miR-205 level group, a lower percentage of more advanced cancers was observed. The analysis of genes related to EMT, cancer stem cells, metastasis, cell cycle, drug response and irradiation response revealed a distinct phenotype of analyzed groups. Conclusions The present findings indicated that let-7d down-regulation and miR-205 overexpression create a unique cell phenotype with different behavior compared to cells with upregulated let-7d and down-regulated miR-205. Thus, let-7d and miR-205 are good candidates for new HNSCC biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Kolenda
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 15th Garbary Street, room 5025, 61-866, Poznan, Poland. .,Department of Cancer Immunology, Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland. .,Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland.
| | - Kacper Guglas
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 15th Garbary Street, room 5025, 61-866, Poznan, Poland.,Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Anna Teresiak
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 15th Garbary Street, room 5025, 61-866, Poznan, Poland
| | - Renata Bliźniak
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 15th Garbary Street, room 5025, 61-866, Poznan, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Lamperska
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 15th Garbary Street, room 5025, 61-866, Poznan, Poland.
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11
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Massey C, Dharmarajan A, Bannuru RR, Rebeiz E. Management of N0 neck in early oral squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Laryngoscope 2018; 129:E284-E298. [DOI: 10.1002/lary.27627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Conner Massey
- Department of Otolaryngology; University of Colorado School of Medicine; Aurora Colorado
| | - Anbuselvan Dharmarajan
- Center for Treatment Comparison and Integrative Analysis; Tufts Medical Center; Boston Massachusetts U.S.A
| | - Raveendhara R. Bannuru
- Center for Treatment Comparison and Integrative Analysis; Tufts Medical Center; Boston Massachusetts U.S.A
| | - Elie Rebeiz
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Tufts Medical Center; Boston Massachusetts U.S.A
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12
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Outcomes after up-front surgery and metronomic neoadjuvant chemotherapy with S-1 or UFT for early tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Clin Oral Investig 2018; 23:2593-2598. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-018-2689-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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13
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The ambiguous role of microRNA-205 and its clinical potential in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2018; 144:2419-2431. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-018-2755-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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14
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Davanian H, Balasiddaiah A, Heymann R, Sundström M, Redenström P, Silfverberg M, Brodin D, Sällberg M, Lindskog S, Kruger Weiner C, Chen M. Ameloblastoma RNA profiling uncovers a distinct non-coding RNA signature. Oncotarget 2018; 8:4530-4542. [PMID: 27965463 PMCID: PMC5354851 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Ameloblastoma of the jaws remains the top difficult to treat odontogenic tumour and has a high recurrence rate. New evidence suggests that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a critical role in tumourgenesis and prognosis of cancer. However, ameloblastoma ncRNA expression data is lacking. Here we present the first report of ameloblastoma ncRNA signatures. A total of 95 ameloblastoma cases and a global array transcriptome technology covering > 285.000 full-length transcripts were used in this two-step analysis. The analysis first identified in a test cohort 31 upregulated ameloblastoma-associated ncRNAs accompanied by signalling pathways of cancer, spliceosome, mRNA surveillance and Wnt. Further validation in an independent cohort points out the long non-coding (lncRNAs) and small nucleolar RNA (snoRNAs): LINC340, SNORD116-25, SNORA11, SNORA21, SNORA47 and SNORA65 as a distinct ncRNA signature of ameloblastoma. Importantly, the presence of these ncRNAs was independent of BRAF-V600E and SMO-L412F mutations, histology type or tumour location, but was positively correlated with the tumour size. Taken together, this study shows a systematic investigation of ncRNA expression of ameloblastoma, and illuminates new diagnostic and therapeutic targets for this invasive odontogenic tumour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haleh Davanian
- Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Anangi Balasiddaiah
- Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Robert Heymann
- Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.,The Clinic of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Magnus Sundström
- Rudbeck Laboratory, Molecular Pathology Unit, Department of Pathology, Uppsala University Hospital and Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Poppy Redenström
- Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | | | - David Brodin
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Bioinformatics and Expression Analysis SciLifeLab, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Matti Sällberg
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Sven Lindskog
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.,Clinical Pathology and Cytology, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - Carina Kruger Weiner
- Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.,The Clinic of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Margaret Chen
- Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
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15
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Shi H, Chen J, Li Y, Li G, Zhong R, Du D, Meng R, Kong W, Lu M. Identification of a six microRNA signature as a novel potential prognostic biomarker in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 7:21579-90. [PMID: 26933913 PMCID: PMC5008307 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The 5-year survival rate of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) was only 40%-50%. To investigate the prognostic and predictive value of specific mircoRNAs (miRNAs) in HNSCC. We identified 19 miRNAs associated with over survival (OS) of patients with HNSCC in different clinical classes between 492 HNSCC tissues and 44 normal tissues from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. A signature of six miRNAs was identified by the supervised principal component method in the training set. The AUC of the ROC curve for the six microRNA signature predicting 5-year survival was 0.737 (95%CI, 0.627-0.825) in the testing set and 0.708 (95%CI, 0.616-0.785) in the total dataset. In the multivariate Cox regression analysis, patients with high-risk scores had shorter OS (HR, 2.380, 95%CI, 1.361-4.303) than patients with low-risk scores in the total dataset. Therefore, these results provided a new prospect for prognostic biomarker of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Shi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Information Analysis & Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuncheng Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Guojun Li
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Rong Zhong
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Dandan Du
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ruiwei Meng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Weijia Kong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Meixia Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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16
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Prasad G, Seers C, Reynolds E, McCullough MJ. A panel of microRNAs can be used to determine oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Pathol Med 2017; 46:940-948. [DOI: 10.1111/jop.12592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gareema Prasad
- Melbourne Dental School; The University of Melbourne; Melbourne Vic. Australia
- Oral Health Cooperative Research Centre; The University of Melbourne; Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - Christine Seers
- Melbourne Dental School; The University of Melbourne; Melbourne Vic. Australia
- Oral Health Cooperative Research Centre; The University of Melbourne; Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - Eric Reynolds
- Melbourne Dental School; The University of Melbourne; Melbourne Vic. Australia
- Oral Health Cooperative Research Centre; The University of Melbourne; Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - Michael J. McCullough
- Melbourne Dental School; The University of Melbourne; Melbourne Vic. Australia
- Oral Health Cooperative Research Centre; The University of Melbourne; Melbourne Vic. Australia
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17
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Manasa VG, Kannan S. Impact of microRNA dynamics on cancer hallmarks: An oral cancer scenario. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317695920. [PMID: 28347239 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317695920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are endogenous small noncoding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression at posttranscriptional level. The discovery of microRNAs has identified a new layer of gene regulation mechanisms, which play a pivotal role in development as well as in various cellular processes, such as proliferation, differentiation, cell growth, and cell death. Deregulated microRNA expression favors acquisition of cancer hallmark traits as well as transforms the tumor microenvironment, leading to tumor development and progression. Many recent studies have revealed altered expression of microRNAs in oral carcinoma with several microRNAs shown to have key biological role in tumorigenesis functioning either as tumor suppressors or as tumor promoters. MicroRNA expression levels correlate with clinicopathological variables and have a diagnostic and prognostic value in oral carcinoma. For these reasons, microRNA has been a hot topic in oral cancer research for the last few years. In this review, we attempt to summarize the present understanding of microRNA deregulation in oral carcinoma, their role in acquiring cancer hallmarks, and their potential diagnostic and prognostic value for oral cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- V G Manasa
- Laboratory of Cell Cycle Regulation and Molecular Oncology, Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - S Kannan
- Laboratory of Cell Cycle Regulation and Molecular Oncology, Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, India
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18
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Pan F, Mao H, Bu F, Tong X, Li J, Zhang S, Liu X, Wang L, Wu L, Chen R, Wei H, Li B, Li C, Yang Y, Steer CJ, Zhao J, Guo Y. Sp1-mediated transcriptional activation of miR-205 promotes radioresistance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:5735-5752. [PMID: 27974696 PMCID: PMC5351585 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients is limited by resistance to ionizing radiation (IR). However, the roles and mechanisms of microRNAs in radioresistance are obscure. Here, we investigated that microRNA-205 (miR-205) was upregulated in radioresistant (RR) ESCC cells compared with the parental cells. Overexpression of miR-205 promoted colony survival post-IR, whereas depletion of miR-205 sensitized ESCC cells to IR in vitro and in vivo. Further, we demonstrated that miR-205 promoted radioresistance by enhancing DNA repair, inhibiting apoptosis and activating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Mechanistically, miR-205, upregulated post-IR, was demonstrated to be activated by Sp1 in parallel with its host gene, miR-205HG, both of which showed a perfect correlation. We also identified and validated phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), as a target of miR-205 that promoted radioresistance via PI3K/AKT pathway. Lastly, increased miR-205 expression was closely associated with decreased PTEN expression in ESCC tissues and miR-205 expression predicted poor prognosis in patients with ESCC. Taken together, these findings identify miR-205 as a critical determinant of radioresistance and a biomarker of prognosis. The Sp1-mediated transcriptional activation of miR-205 promotes radioresistance through PTEN via PI3K/AKT pathway in ESCC. Inhibition of miR-205 expression may be a new strategy for radiotherapy in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Pan
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital & Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, P.R. China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Hui Mao
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital & Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Fangfang Bu
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital & Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, P.R. China
- International Joint Cancer Institute, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering & Antibody, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xin Tong
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital & Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, P.R. China
- International Joint Cancer Institute, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering & Antibody, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital & Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Sujie Zhang
- The 150th Hospital of Chinese PLA, Luoyang, P.R. China
| | - Xing Liu
- The 150th Hospital of Chinese PLA, Luoyang, P.R. China
| | - Lingxiong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital & Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Liangliang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital & Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Rui Chen
- International Joint Cancer Institute, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Huafeng Wei
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital & Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, P.R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering & Antibody, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Bohua Li
- International Joint Cancer Institute, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital & Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yunsheng Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Clifford J. Steer
- Departments of Medicine and Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital & Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, P.R. China
- International Joint Cancer Institute, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering & Antibody, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yajun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeting Therapy, Shanghai, P.R. China
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19
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Evaluation of miRNA-expression and clinical tumour parameters in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2016; 44:876-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2016.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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20
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Irani S. miRNAs Signature in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Metastasis: A Literature Review. JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY (SHIRAZ, IRAN) 2016; 17:71-83. [PMID: 27284551 PMCID: PMC4885676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Head and neck cancers include epithelial tumors arising in the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, paranasal sinuses, and nasal cavity. Metastasis is a hallmark of cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous small non-coding RNAs involved in cell proliferation, development, differentiation and metastasis. It is believed that miRNA alterations correlate with initiation and progression of cancer cell proliferation or inhibition of tumorigenesis. Moreover, miRNAs have different roles in development, progression, and metastasis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Altered expression of miRNAs could be novel molecular biomarkers for the definite diagnosis of cancer, metastatic site, cancer stage, and its progression. PURPOSE The purpose of this review was to provide a comprehensive literature review of the role of miRNAs in head and neck cancer metastasis. SEARCH STRATEGY A relevant English literature search in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar was performed. The keywords 'miRNA', 'head and neck', and 'cancer' were searched in title and abstract of publications; limited from 1990 to 2015. The inclusion criterion was the role of miRNAs in cancer metastasis. The exclusion criterion was the other functions of miRNAs in cancers. Out of 15221 articles, the full texts of 442 articles were retrieved and only 133 articles met the inclusion criteria. CONCLUSION Despite the advances in cancer treatment, the mortality rate of HNSCC is still high. The potential application of miRNAs for cancer therapy has been demonstrated in many studies; miRNAs function as either tumor suppressor or oncogene. The recognition of metastamir and their targets may lead to better understanding of HNSCC oncogenesis, and consequently, development of new therapeutic strategies which is a necessity in cancer treatment. Development of therapeutic agents based on miRNAs is a promising target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soussan Irani
- Dental Research Center, Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. and Lecturer at Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
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21
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Louten J, Beach M, Palermino K, Weeks M, Holenstein G. MicroRNAs Expressed during Viral Infection: Biomarker Potential and Therapeutic Considerations. Biomark Insights 2016; 10:25-52. [PMID: 26819546 PMCID: PMC4718089 DOI: 10.4137/bmi.s29512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short sequences of noncoding single-stranded RNAs that exhibit inhibitory effects on complementary target mRNAs. Recently, it has been discovered that certain viruses express their own miRNAs, while other viruses activate the transcription of cellular miRNAs for their own benefit. This review summarizes the viral and/or cellular miRNAs that are transcribed during infection, with a focus on the biomarker and therapeutic potential of miRNAs (or their antagomirs). Several human viruses of clinical importance are discussed, namely, herpesviruses, polyomaviruses, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, human papillomavirus, and human immunodeficiency virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Louten
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA
| | - Michael Beach
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA
| | - Kristina Palermino
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA
| | - Maria Weeks
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA
| | - Gabrielle Holenstein
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA
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22
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Janiszewska J, Szaumkessel M, Kostrzewska-Poczekaj M, Bednarek K, Paczkowska J, Jackowska J, Grenman R, Szyfter K, Wierzbicka M, Giefing M, Jarmuz-Szymczak M. Global miRNA Expression Profiling Identifies miR-1290 as Novel Potential oncomiR in Laryngeal Carcinoma. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144924. [PMID: 26694163 PMCID: PMC4692263 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is the most common group among head and neck cancers. LSCC is characterized by a high incidence in Europe. With the aim of better understanding its genetic background we performed global miRNA expression profiling of LSCC cell lines and primary specimens. By this approach we identified a cohort of 33 upregulated and 9 downregulated miRNA genes in LSCC as compared to epithelial no tumor controls. Results Within this group we identified overexpression of the novel miR-1290 gene not reported in the context of LSCC before. Using a combined bioinformatical approach in connection with functional analysis we delineated two putative target genes of miR-1290 namely ITPR2 and MAF which are significantly downregulated in LSCC. They are interesting candidates for tumor suppressor genes as they are implicated in apoptosis and other processes deregulated in cancer. Conclusion Taken together, we propose miR-1290 as the new oncomiR involved in LSCC pathogenesis. Additionally, we suggest that the oncogenic potential of miR-1290 might be expressed by the involvement in downregulation of its target genes MAF and ITPR2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Janiszewska
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Cancer Genetics, Poznan, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | - Marcin Szaumkessel
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Cancer Genetics, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Kinga Bednarek
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Cancer Genetics, Poznan, Poland
| | - Julia Paczkowska
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Cancer Genetics, Poznan, Poland
| | - Joanna Jackowska
- Department of Otolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology, University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Reidar Grenman
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Department of Medical Biochemistry, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Krzysztof Szyfter
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Cancer Genetics, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Audiology and Phoniatry, University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Wierzbicka
- Department of Otolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology, University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Maciej Giefing
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Cancer Genetics, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Otolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology, University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Jarmuz-Szymczak
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Cancer Genetics, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Hematology, K. Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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23
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Maia D, de Carvalho AC, Horst MA, Carvalho AL, Scapulatempo-Neto C, Vettore AL. Expression of miR-296-5p as predictive marker for radiotherapy resistance in early-stage laryngeal carcinoma. J Transl Med 2015; 13:262. [PMID: 26264462 PMCID: PMC4533949 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-015-0621-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Definitive radiation therapy is the mainstay of treatment for early stage laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). However, up to 30% of the patients do not respond to radiotherapy. Unfortunately, we are unable to predict which tumors are likely to respond to radiation, and which will be resistant and persist. Therefore, the development of novel markers to predict response to radiotherapy is urgently needed. This study was designed to evaluate the expression pattern of microRNAs (miRNAs) in LSCC in order to identify markers capable of segregating radioresistant and radiosensitive tumors and to investigate the relationship between the expression of these miRNAs and the prognosis of LSCC. METHODS The expression profile of 667 miRNAs was determined in an initial screening of nine early-stage LSCC samples (5 radioresistant and 4 radiosensitive) using TaqMan Low-Density Array (TLDA). Real-time polymerase chain reactions were performed to validate the expression of selected miRNAs in an expanded LSCC cohort (20 radioresistant and 14 radiosensitive). The miRNA expression level was scored as high or low based on the median of the expression in the LSCC samples. RESULTS A comprehensive miRNA expression profiling enabled the identification of four miRNAs (miR-296-5p miR-452, miR-183* and miR-200c) differentially expressed in radioresistant LSCC. Moreover, the analysis of additional 34 LSCC samples, confirmed the expression of miR-296-5p as significantly related to radioresistance (p = 0.002) as well as an association of this marker with recurrence (p = 0.025) in early stage laryngeal cancer. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that miR-296-5p expression is associated with resistance to radiotherapy and tumor recurrence in early stage LSCC, showing the feasibility of this marker as a novel prognostic factor for this malignance. Furthermore, miR-296-5p expression could be helpful in the identification of tumors resistant to radiotherapy; thus aiding the clinicians in the choice of the best therapeutic scheme to be used in each case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Maia
- Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Pedro de Toledo, 669-11° andar, São Paulo, SP, 04039-032, Brazil.
| | - Ana Carolina de Carvalho
- Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Pedro de Toledo, 669-11° andar, São Paulo, SP, 04039-032, Brazil. .,Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Rua Antenor Duarte Vilela, 1331, Barretos, SP, 14784-400, Brazil.
| | - Maria Aderuza Horst
- Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Pedro de Toledo, 669-11° andar, São Paulo, SP, 04039-032, Brazil.
| | - André Lopes Carvalho
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Rua Antenor Duarte Vilela, 1331, Barretos, SP, 14784-400, Brazil. .,Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Rua Antenor Duarte Villela, 1331, Barretos, 14784-400, Brazil.
| | - Cristovam Scapulatempo-Neto
- Department of Pathology, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Rua Antenor Duarte Villela, 1331, Barretos, 14784-400, Brazil.
| | - Andre Luiz Vettore
- Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Pedro de Toledo, 669-11° andar, São Paulo, SP, 04039-032, Brazil. .,Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
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24
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Severino P, Oliveira LS, Andreghetto FM, Torres N, Curioni O, Cury PM, Toporcov TN, Paschoal AR, Durham AM. Small RNAs in metastatic and non-metastatic oral squamous cell carcinoma. BMC Med Genomics 2015; 8:31. [PMID: 26104160 PMCID: PMC4479233 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-015-0102-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small non-coding regulatory RNAs control cellular functions at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Oral squamous cell carcinoma is among the leading cancers in the world and the presence of cervical lymph node metastases is currently its strongest prognostic factor. In this work we aimed at finding small RNAs expressed in oral squamous cell carcinoma that could be associated with the presence of lymph node metastasis. METHODS Small RNA libraries from metastatic and non-metastatic oral squamous cell carcinomas were sequenced for the identification and quantification of known small RNAs. Selected markers were validated in plasma samples. Additionally, we used in silico analysis to investigate possible new molecules, not previously described, involved in the metastatic process. RESULTS Global expression patterns were not associated with cervical metastases. MiR-21, miR-203 and miR-205 were highly expressed throughout samples, in agreement with their role in epithelial cell biology, but disagreeing with studies correlating these molecules with cancer invasion. Eighteen microRNAs, but no other small RNA class, varied consistently between metastatic and non-metastatic samples. Nine of these microRNAs had been previously detected in human plasma, eight of which presented consistent results between tissue and plasma samples. MiR-31 and miR-130b, known to inhibit several steps in the metastatic process, were over-expressed in non-metastatic samples and the expression of miR-130b was confirmed in plasma of patients showing no metastasis. MiR-181 and miR-296 were detected in metastatic tumors and the expression of miR-296 was confirmed in plasma of patients presenting metastasis. A novel microRNA-like molecule was also associated with non-metastatic samples, potentially targeting cell-signaling mechanisms. CONCLUSIONS We corroborate literature data on the role of small RNAs in cancer metastasis and suggest the detection of microRNAs as a tool that may assist in the evaluation of oral squamous cell carcinoma metastatic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Severino
- Albert Einstein Research and Education Institute, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Liliane Santana Oliveira
- Albert Einstein Research and Education Institute, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Flávia Maziero Andreghetto
- Albert Einstein Research and Education Institute, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Natalia Torres
- Albert Einstein Research and Education Institute, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Otávio Curioni
- Hospital Heliopolis, Departamento de Cirurgia e Otorrinolaringologia, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Tatiana Natasha Toporcov
- Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Alan Mitchell Durham
- Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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25
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de Carvalho AC, Scapulatempo-Neto C, Maia DCC, Evangelista AF, Morini MA, Carvalho AL, Vettore AL. Accuracy of microRNAs as markers for the detection of neck lymph node metastases in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. BMC Med 2015; 13:108. [PMID: 25956054 PMCID: PMC4493814 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-015-0350-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The presence of metastatic disease in cervical lymph nodes of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients is a very important determinant in therapy choice and prognosis, with great impact in overall survival. Frequently, routine lymph node staging cannot detect occult metastases and the post-surgical histologic evaluation of resected lymph nodes is not sensitive in detecting small metastatic deposits. Molecular markers based on tissue-specific microRNA expression are alternative accurate diagnostic markers. Herein, we evaluated the feasibility of using the expression of microRNAs to detect metastatic cells in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) lymph nodes and in fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsies of HNSCC patients. METHODS An initial screening compared the expression of 667 microRNAs in a discovery set comprised by metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes from HNSCC patients. The most differentially expressed microRNAs were validated by qRT-PCR in two independent cohorts: i) 48 FFPE lymph node samples, and ii) 113 FNA lymph node biopsies. The accuracy of the markers in identifying metastatic samples was assessed through the analysis of sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, negative predictive value, positive predictive value, and area under the curve values. RESULTS Seven microRNAs highly expressed in metastatic lymph nodes from the discovery set were validated in FFPE lymph node samples. MiR-203 and miR-205 identified all metastatic samples, regardless of the size of the metastatic deposit. Additionally, these markers also showed high accuracy when FNA samples were examined. CONCLUSIONS The high accuracy of miR-203 and miR-205 warrant these microRNAs as diagnostic markers of neck metastases in HNSCC. These can be evaluated in entire lymph nodes and in FNA biopsies collected at different time-points such as pre-treatment samples, intraoperative sentinel node biopsy, and during patient follow-up. These markers can be useful in a clinical setting in the management of HNSCC patients from initial disease staging and therapy planning to patient surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina de Carvalho
- Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Diadema Campus, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Pedro de Toledo, 669, São Paulo, SP, 04039-032, Brazil. .,Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Rua Antenor Duarte Vilela, 1331, Barretos, SP, 14784-400, Brazil.
| | - Cristovam Scapulatempo-Neto
- Department of Pathology, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Rua Antenor Duarte Vilela, 1331, Barretos, SP, 14784-400, Brazil.
| | - Danielle Calheiros Campelo Maia
- Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Diadema Campus, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Pedro de Toledo, 669, São Paulo, SP, 04039-032, Brazil.
| | - Adriane Feijó Evangelista
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Rua Antenor Duarte Vilela, 1331, Barretos, SP, 14784-400, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Andozia Morini
- Department of Pathology, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Rua Antenor Duarte Vilela, 1331, Barretos, SP, 14784-400, Brazil.
| | - André Lopes Carvalho
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Rua Antenor Duarte Vilela, 1331, Barretos, SP, 14784-400, Brazil.
| | - André Luiz Vettore
- Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Diadema Campus, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Pedro de Toledo, 669, São Paulo, SP, 04039-032, Brazil. .,Cancer Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.
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Bai J, Zhu X, Ma J, Wang W. miR-205 regulates A549 cells proliferation by targeting PTEN. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:1175-1183. [PMID: 25973003 PMCID: PMC4396313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
miR-205 is an epithelial-specific miRNA and has been shown to orchestrate some cellular processes such as epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and differentiation fate of stem cells in mammary gland. miR-205 play a part of a tumor suppressor in human cancers. However, the role of miR-205 in lung cancer is unclear. In this study, we detected the expression level of miR-205 in 46 cases clinical lung cancer specimens and adjacent normal tissues by stem-loop RT-PCR. We found that the expression of miR-205 was significantly increased in lung cancer specimens compared to adjacent normal tissues (P < 0.01). Furthermore, we observed the expressions of PTEN protein and mRNA in lung cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues by methods of western blot and Real time PCR respectively. We found that the expressions of PTEN protein and mRNA was significantly decreased in lung cancer specimens compared to adjacent normal tissues. And then, we found there is a negative relationship between the expression of miR-205 and PTEN mRNA in lung cancer by analyzed. To validate whether PTEN was direct targets of miR-205, a dual-luciferase reporter assay was employed, the result showed that PTEN is a target gene of MiR-205. In subsequent experiments, we examined the expressions of PTEN protein and mRNA after transfection of miR-205 mimics or inhibitor into A549 cells, and A549 cell proliferation was measured by CCK-8 tests. We found that the expression of PTEN protein and mRNA in A549 cells were significantly down-regulated or up-regulated after miR-205 mimics and miR-205 inhibitors transfected into, and miR-205 could inhibits A549 cells proliferation. These results indicate that miR-205 might inhibitor the proliferation of A549 cells by regulating the expression of PTEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghui Bai
- Intensive Care Unit, Liaoning Cancer Hospital Xiaoheyan Road, 92, Dadong District, Shenyang 110042, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Xiangyu Zhu
- Intensive Care Unit, Liaoning Cancer Hospital Xiaoheyan Road, 92, Dadong District, Shenyang 110042, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Jianqi Ma
- Intensive Care Unit, Liaoning Cancer Hospital Xiaoheyan Road, 92, Dadong District, Shenyang 110042, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Wanting Wang
- Intensive Care Unit, Liaoning Cancer Hospital Xiaoheyan Road, 92, Dadong District, Shenyang 110042, Liaoning, P.R. China
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Increased expression of miR-93 is associated with poor prognosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:3949-56. [PMID: 25578493 PMCID: PMC4445482 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3038-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-93-5p (miR-93) is a novel oncogenic microRNA (miRNA) and is elevated in diverse human malignancies. Aberrant expression and dysfunction of miR-93 are involved in many types of human tumours. However, the exact role of miR-93 remains unclear in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The objective of this study is to determine the expression pattern and clinical significance of miR-93 in HNSCC. MiR-93 expression levels in 103 primary HNSCC tissues and 16 corresponding non-cancerous epithelia were analysed by miRNA in situ hybridisation and correlated with the clinicopathological parameters and patient outcomes. Moreover, the expression of miR-93 was examined in four HNSCC cell lines and 17 pairs of HNSCC tissues and their corresponding adjacent tissues using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The miR-93 levels in HNSCC tissues and cell lines were significantly higher than those in the non-cancerous tissues. Notably, high miR-93 expression was significantly associated with T classification, lymph node metastasis and clinical stage. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated that patients with high miR-93 expression had poorer overall survival than patients with low miR-93 expression. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that miR-93 overexpression and lymph node metastasis were independent prognostic factors in patients with HNSCC. This study demonstrated that miR-93 expression was significantly increased in HNSCC tissue samples and cell lines and that miR-93 overexpression was associated with tumour progression, metastasis and poor prognosis in HNSCC patients. These results suggest that miR-93 may play a critical role in the initiation and progression of HNSCC, indicating that miR-93 may be a valuable marker for the prediction of metastasis and prognosis in HNSCC.
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28
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Kwok MM, Goodyear P. Prognostic and Predictive Protein Biomarkers in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma—A Systematic Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.4236/ijohns.2015.43031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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29
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Manikandan M, Deva Magendhra Rao AK, Rajkumar KS, Rajaraman R, Munirajan AK. Altered levels of miR-21, miR-125b-2*, miR-138, miR-155, miR-184, and miR-205 in oral squamous cell carcinoma and association with clinicopathological characteristics. J Oral Pathol Med 2014; 44:792-800. [DOI: 10.1111/jop.12300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mayakannan Manikandan
- Department of Genetics; Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences; University of Madras; Chennai India
| | | | | | - Ramamurthy Rajaraman
- Centre for Oncology; Government Royapettah hospital & Kilpauk Medical College; Chennai India
| | - Arasambattu K. Munirajan
- Department of Genetics; Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences; University of Madras; Chennai India
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30
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Orang AV, Safaralizadeh R, Hosseinpour Feizi MA. Insights into the diverse roles of miR-205 in human cancers. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:577-83. [PMID: 24568460 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.2.577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent discovery of tiny microRNAs (miRNAs) has brought about awareness of a new class of regulators of diverse pathways in many physiological and pathological processes, such as tumorigenesis. They modulate gene expression by targeting plethora of mRNAs, mostly reducing the protein yield of a targeted mRNA. With accumulation of information on characteristics of miR-205, complex and in some cases converse roles of miR-205 in tumor initiation, progression and metastasis are emerging. miR-205 acts either as an oncogene via facilitating tumor initiation and proliferation, or in some cases as a tumor suppressor through inhibiting proliferation and invasion. The aim of this review is to discuss miR-205 roles in different types of cancers. Given the critical effects of deregulated miR-205 on processes involved in tumorigenesis, they hold potential as novel therapeutic targets and biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayla Valinezhad Orang
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran E-mail :
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31
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Wang J, Raimondo M, Guha S, Chen J, Diao L, Dong X, Wallace MB, Killary AM, Frazier ML, Woodward TA, Wang J, Sen S. Circulating microRNAs in Pancreatic Juice as Candidate Biomarkers of Pancreatic Cancer. J Cancer 2014; 5:696-705. [PMID: 25258651 PMCID: PMC4174514 DOI: 10.7150/jca.10094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of sensitive and specific biomarkers, preferably those circulating in body fluids is critical for early diagnosis of cancer. This study performed profiling of microRNAs (miRNAs) in exocrine pancreatic secretions (pancreatic juice) by microarray analysis utilizing pancreatic juice from 6 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients and two pooled samples from 6 non-pancreatic, non-healthy (NPNH) as controls. Differentially circulating miRNAs were subsequently validated in 88 pancreatic juice samples from 50 PDAC, 19 chronic pancreatitis (CP) patients and 19 NPNH controls. A marked difference in the profiles of four circulating miRNAs (miR-205, miR-210, miR-492, and miR-1427) was observed in pancreatic juice collected from patients with PDAC and those without pancreatic disease. Elevated levels of the four miRNAs together predicted PDAC with a specificity of 88% and sensitivity of 87%. Inclusion of serum CA19-9 level increased the sensitivity to 91% and the specificity to 100%. Enrichment of the four miRNAs in pancreatic juice was associated with decreased OS, as was the combination of miR-205 and miR-210. Higher contents of miR-205 and miR-210 were also associated with lymph node metastasis. Elevated levels of circulating miR-205, miR-210, miR-492, and miR-1247 in pancreatic juice are, therefore, promising candidate biomarkers of disease and poor prognosis in patients with PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- 1. Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Massimo Raimondo
- 2. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida; The University of Texas Medical School and Health Science Center at Houston, Texas
| | - Sushovan Guha
- 3. Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The University of Texas Medical School and Health Science Center at Houston, Texas
| | - Jinyun Chen
- 4. Epidemiology, Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston Texas
| | - Lixia Diao
- 5. Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston Texas
| | - Xiaoqun Dong
- 6. Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island
| | - Michael B Wallace
- 2. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida; The University of Texas Medical School and Health Science Center at Houston, Texas
| | - Ann M Killary
- 1. Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; ; 7. Program in Human and Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Graduate school of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas
| | - Marsha L Frazier
- 4. Epidemiology, Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston Texas; ; 7. Program in Human and Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Graduate school of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas
| | - Timothy A Woodward
- 2. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida; The University of Texas Medical School and Health Science Center at Houston, Texas
| | - Jing Wang
- 5. Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston Texas
| | - Subrata Sen
- 1. Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; ; 7. Program in Human and Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Graduate school of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas
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Wong TS, Gao W, Chan JYW. Interactions between E-cadherin and microRNA deregulation in head and neck cancers: the potential interplay. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:126038. [PMID: 25161999 PMCID: PMC4138976 DOI: 10.1155/2014/126038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
E-cadherin expression in the head and neck epithelium is essential for the morphogenesis and homeostasis of epithelial tissues. The cadherin-mediated cell-cell contacts are required for the anchorage-dependent growth of epithelial cells. Further, survival and proliferation require physical tethering created by proper cell-cell adhesion. Otherwise, the squamous epithelial cells will undergo programmed cell death. Head and neck cancers can escape from anoikis and enter into the epithelial-mesenchymal transition stages via the modulation of E-cadherin expression with epigenetic mechanisms. At epigenetic level, gene expression control is not dependent on the DNA sequence. In the context of E-cadherin regulation in head and neck cancers, 2 major mechanisms including de novo promoter hypermethylation and microRNA dysregulation are most extensively studied. Both of them control E-cadherin expression at transcription level and subsequently hinder the overall E-cadherin protein level in the head and neck cancer cells. Increasing evidence suggested that microRNA mediated E-cadherin expression in the head and neck cancers by directly/indirectly targeting the transcription suppressors of E-cadherin, ZEB1 and ZEB2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thian-Sze Wong
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Jimmy Yu-Wai Chan
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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Balasundaram P, Singh MK, Dinda AK, Thakar A, Yadav R. Study of β-catenin, E-cadherin and vimentin in oral squamous cell carcinoma with and without lymph node metastases. Diagn Pathol 2014; 9:145. [PMID: 25047112 PMCID: PMC4223686 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-9-145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Virtual slides The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here:
http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/6506095201182002.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manoj Kumar Singh
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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Courthod G, Franco P, Palermo L, Pisconti S, Numico G. The role of microRNA in head and neck cancer: current knowledge and perspectives. Molecules 2014; 19:5704-16. [PMID: 24802984 PMCID: PMC6270891 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19055704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Revised: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed malignancies worldwide. Patients with advanced disease stages frequently develop recurrences or distant metastasis, which results a five-year survival rates of less than 60% despite considerable advances in multimodality therapy. A better understanding of molecular basis of tumorigenesis is required to improve clinical outcomes and to develop new anti-cancer drugs. microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small, non-coding, RNA molecules that modulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. They are important regulator in normal biological process; however miRNAs deregulation has been observed in many different tumors and is involved in tumorigenesis. miRNAs may act as tumor suppressors or as oncogenes. Several studies on head and neck cancer demonstrated how aberrant expression of miRNAs is involved in proliferation, metastasis, chemoresistence, and radioresistance. In addition, miRNAs are excellent biomarker targets because they circulate stable in human body fluids and can be obtained with non-invasive methods. Moreover, miRNAs up and down regulation has been correlated with specific cancer phenotype (poor prognosis, aggressiveness and resistance to treatment), playing a role as prognostic biomarkers. This review summarizes current finding on miRNAs in head and neck cancer and their potential role as target for next drug therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Courthod
- Medical Oncology Department, AUSL Valle d'Aosta, Aosta Postcode 11100, Italy.
| | | | - Loredana Palermo
- Medical Oncology Unit-National Cancer Research Centre Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari Postcode 70124, Italy.
| | - Salvatore Pisconti
- Medical Oncology Unit-S.G. Moscati Hospital ASL TA/1, Taranto Postcode 74100, Italy.
| | - Gianmauro Numico
- Medical Oncology Department, AUSL Valle d'Aosta, Aosta Postcode 11100, Italy.
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Severino P, Brüggemann H, Andreghetto FM, Camps C, Klingbeil MDFG, de Pereira WO, Soares RM, Moyses R, Wünsch-Filho V, Mathor MB, Nunes FD, Ragoussis J, Tajara EH. MicroRNA expression profile in head and neck cancer: HOX-cluster embedded microRNA-196a and microRNA-10b dysregulation implicated in cell proliferation. BMC Cancer 2013; 13:533. [PMID: 24209638 PMCID: PMC3826519 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-13-533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Current evidence implicates aberrant microRNA expression patterns in human malignancies; measurement of microRNA expression may have diagnostic and prognostic applications. Roles for microRNAs in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) are largely unknown. HNSCC, a smoking-related cancer, is one of the most common malignancies worldwide but reliable diagnostic and prognostic markers have not been discovered so far. Some studies have evaluated the potential use of microRNA as biomarkers with clinical application in HNSCC. Methods MicroRNA expression profile of oral squamous cell carcinoma samples was determined by means of DNA microarrays. We also performed gain-of-function assays for two differentially expressed microRNA using two squamous cell carcinoma cell lines and normal oral keratinocytes. The effect of the over-expression of these molecules was evaluated by means of global gene expression profiling and cell proliferation assessment. Results Altered microRNA expression was detected for a total of 72 microRNAs. Among these we found well studied molecules, such as the miR-17-92 cluster, comprising potent oncogenic microRNA, and miR-34, recently found to interact with p53. HOX-cluster embedded miR-196a/b and miR-10b were up- and down-regulated, respectively, in tumor samples. Since validated HOX gene targets for these microRNAs are not consistently deregulated in HNSCC, we performed gain-of-function experiments, in an attempt to outline their possible role. Our results suggest that both molecules interfere in cell proliferation through distinct processes, possibly targeting a small set of genes involved in cell cycle progression. Conclusions Functional data on miRNAs in HNSCC is still scarce. Our data corroborate current literature and brings new insights into the role of microRNAs in HNSCC. We also show that miR-196a and miR-10b, not previously associated with HNSCC, may play an oncogenic role in this disease through the deregulation of cell proliferation. The study of microRNA alterations in HNSCC is an essential step to the mechanistic understanding of tumor formation and could lead to the discovery of clinically relevant biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Severino
- Albert Einstein Research and Education Institute, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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MiR-205 is progressively down-regulated in lymph node metastasis but fails as a prognostic biomarker in high-risk prostate cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:21414-34. [PMID: 24173237 PMCID: PMC3856012 DOI: 10.3390/ijms141121414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of high-risk prostate cancer (HRPCa) is a tremendous challenge for uro-oncologists. The identification of predictive moleculobiological markers allowing risk assessment of lymph node metastasis and systemic progression is essential in establishing effective treatment. In the current study, we investigate the prognostic potential of miR-205 in HRPCa study and validation cohorts, setting defined clinical endpoints for both. We demonstrate miR-205 to be significantly down-regulated in over 70% of the HRPCa samples analysed and that reconstitution of miR-205 causes inhibition of proliferation and invasiveness in prostate cancer (PCa) cell lines. Additionally, miR-205 is increasingly down-regulated in lymph node metastases compared to the primary tumour indicating that miR-205 plays a role in migration of PCa cells from the original location into extraprostatic tissue. Nevertheless, down-regulation of miR-205 in primary PCa was not correlated to the synchronous presence of metastasis and failed to predict the outcome for HRPCa patients. Moreover, we found a tendency for miR-205 up-regulation to correlate with an adverse outcome of PCa patients suggesting a pivotal role of miR-205 in tumourigenesis. Overall, we showed that miR-205 is involved in the development and metastasis of PCa, but failed to work as a useful clinical biomarker in HRPCa. These findings might have implications for the use of miR-205 as a prognostic or therapeutic target in HRPCa.
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Farmer DT, Shariat N, Park CY, Liu HJ, Mavropoulos A, McManus MT. Partially penetrant postnatal lethality of an epithelial specific MicroRNA in a mouse knockout. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76634. [PMID: 24116130 PMCID: PMC3792019 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs thought to have pivotal roles in numerous diseases and developmental processes. However, a growing body of literature indicates that in vivo elimination of these tiny RNAs usually has little to no observable consequence, suggesting functional redundancy with other microRNAs or cellular pathways. We provide an in-depth analysis of miR-205 expression and define miR-205 as an epithelial-specific microRNA, and for the first time show that ablation of this microRNA knockout exhibits partially penetrant lethality in a constitutive mouse knockout model. Given the role of this microRNA in cancer and development, this mouse model will be an incredible reagent to study the function and mechanisms of miR-205 in epithelial tissue development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- D’Juan T. Farmer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- UCSF Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- WM Keck Center for Noncoding RNAs, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Nikki Shariat
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- UCSF Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- WM Keck Center for Noncoding RNAs, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Chong Yon Park
- UCSF Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- WM Keck Center for Noncoding RNAs, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Huey Jiin Liu
- UCSF Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- WM Keck Center for Noncoding RNAs, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Anastasia Mavropoulos
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- UCSF Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Michael T. McManus
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- UCSF Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- WM Keck Center for Noncoding RNAs, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Janiszewska J, Szaumkessel M, Szyfter K. microRNAs are important players in head and neck carcinoma: a review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2013; 88:716-28. [PMID: 23948550 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2013.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Revised: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The results of treatment of head and neck tumors remain poor for decades. It means that after surgery, chemotherapy is not a proper choice, as tumors of this region are relatively resistant to cytotoxic drugs. A little progress was noted only for radiotherapy outcome. Consequently, clinicians and researchers' expectations are focused on targeted therapy, where microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) seem to be the most promising target. After the year 2000, miRNAs became new players on the scene of cancer science. Since then, extensive investigations have been performed with a hope of finding a new prognostic and diagnostic tool and bridging them with a bright new way of understanding the basis of molecular carcinogenesis. miRNAs display astonishing specificity and thus are associated with pathoclinical parameters of the disease. After more than a decade of ongoing studies, in this review we attempt to summarize the current knowledge of miRNAs in malignancies arising in head and neck sites and with a majority of squamous cells of the epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Janiszewska
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Environmental Mutagenesis, 60-479 Poznań, Poland
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Khan SY, Tariq MA, Perrott JP, Brumbaugh CD, Kim HJ, Shabbir MI, Ramesh GT, Pourmand N. Distinctive microRNA expression signatures in proton-irradiated mice. Mol Cell Biochem 2013; 382:225-35. [PMID: 23817773 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-013-1738-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Proton particles comprise the most abundant ionizing radiation (IR) in outer space. These high energy particles are known to cause frequent double- and single-stranded DNA lesions that can lead to cancer and tumor formation. Understanding the mechanism of cellular response to proton-derived IR is vital for determining health risks to astronauts during space missions. Our understanding of the consequences of these high energy charged particles on microRNA (miRNA) regulation is still in infancy. miRNAs are non-coding, single-stranded RNAs of ~22 nucleotides that constitute a novel class of gene regulators. They regulate diverse biological processes, and each miRNA can control hundreds of gene targets. To investigate the effect of proton radiation on these master regulators, we examined the miRNA expression in selected mice organs that had been exposed to whole-body proton irradiation (2 Gy), and compared this to control mice (0 Gy exposure). RNA was isolated from three tissues (testis, brain, and liver) from treated and control mice and subjected to high-throughput small RNA sequencing. Bioinformatics analysis of small RNA sequencing data revealed dysregulation of (p < 0.05; 20 up- and 10 down-regulated) 14 mouse testis, 8 liver, and 8 brain miRNAs. The statistically significant and unique miRNA expression pattern found among three different proton-treated mouse tissues indicates a tissue-specific response to proton radiation. In addition to known miRNAs, sequencing revealed differential expression of 11 miRNAs in proton-irradiated mice that have not been previously reported in association with radiation exposure and cancer. The dysregulation of miRNAs on exposure to proton radiation suggest a possible mechanism of proton particles involvement in the onset of cell tumorgenesis. In summary, we have established that specific miRNAs are vulnerable to proton radiation, that such differential expression profile may depend upon the tissue, and that there are more miRNAs affected by proton radiation than have been previously observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Yar Khan
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA
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Hou SX, Ding BJ, Li HZ, Wang L, Xia F, Du F, Liu LJ, Liu YH, Liu XD, Jia JF, Li L, Wu ZL, Zhao G, Zhang ZG, Deng YC. Identification of microRNA-205 as a potential prognostic indicator for human glioma. J Clin Neurosci 2013; 20:933-7. [PMID: 23683741 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2012.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2012] [Revised: 10/10/2012] [Accepted: 10/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Altered microRNA-205 (miR-205) expression has been found in glioma tissue samples and cell lines; however, the clinical significance of this is unclear. The aim of this study was to confirm the miR-205 expression pattern in human glioma and to investigate its clinical relevance. Quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assays showed that miR-205 expression was significantly lower in glioma tissues than in non-neoplastic brain tissues (P<0.001). Statistical analysis revealed a significant correlation between low miR-205 expression and both high grade glioma (World Health Organization [WHO] criteria, P=0.008) and a low Karnofsky performance status score (P=0.02). Survival analysis demonstrated that the cumulative 5-year overall survival rate of patients with glioma in the high miR-205 expression group was significantly higher than that in the low miR-205 expression group (P<0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis further indicated that miR-205 expression (P=0.01) and WHO grade (P=0.01) were independent prognostic indicators of the overall survival of patients with glioma. Moreover, subgroup analyses revealed that the cumulative 5-year overall survival rate of patients with high grade (III-IV) glioma was significantly worse for the low miR-205 expression group than for the high miR-205 expression group (P<0.001), but no significant difference was found for patients with low grade (I-II) glioma (P=0.09). In conclusion, down-regulation of miR-205 was associated with glioma progression. Our data are the first to suggest that miR-205 holds potential as a prognostic factor for glioma, especially for patients with advanced disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang-xing Hou
- Department of Neurology, Xi-jing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Chang Le Road, Xi'an 710032, China
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Micro-ribonucleic acids in head and neck cancer: an introduction. The Journal of Laryngology & Otology 2013; 127 Suppl 2:S2-7. [PMID: 23611715 DOI: 10.1017/s0022215113000753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND METHODS Head and neck cancer is the sixth most common cancer worldwide. Advances in management have not greatly altered overall survival. Over the last decade, there have been significant scientific advances in our knowledge of cell cycle regulation and the complex oncogenic processes. MicroRNAs are small, non-coding RNAs which are integral to the regulation of gene expression and which play a part in carcinogenesis. The literature on the role of microRNA in head and neck cancer is reviewed. OBJECTIVE To introduce the role and significance of microRNAs in head and neck cancer. RESULTS The possibilities of incorporating microRNAs into clinical practice are discussed, including their potential role in diagnosis, prognosis, prediction of metastatic spread, therapy and tumour surveillance. CONCLUSION Discoveries in expression profiling of microRNA in head and neck oncology promise advancements in the diagnosis, prognosis and therapy of these cancers.
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Bose P, Brockton NT, Dort JC. Head and neck cancer: from anatomy to biology. Int J Cancer 2013; 133:2013-23. [PMID: 23417723 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The 20th century saw great advances in anatomy-based (surgery and radiotherapy) and chemotherapy approaches for treating head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and improving quality of life (QoL). However, despite these advances, the survival rate in HNSCC remains at ∼50%. Front-line treatments often cause severe toxicity and debilitating long-term impacts on QoL. In recent decades, dramatic advances have been made in our knowledge of fundamental tumor biology and signaling pathways that contribute to oncogenesis and cancer progression. These insights are presenting unprecedented opportunities to develop more effective and less toxic treatments that are specific to particular molecular targets. This review discusses some of the major, potentially targetable, molecular pathways associated with head and neck carcinogenesis. We present the general mechanism underlying the functional components for each signaling pathway, discuss how these components are aberrantly regulated in HNSCC and describe their potential as therapeutic targets. We have restricted our discussion to "drug-able targets" such as oncogenes including those associated with HPV, tumor hypoxia and microRNAs and present these changes in the context of HNSCC patient care. The specific targeting of these pathways to achieve cancer control/remission and reduce toxicity is now challenging conventional treatment paradigms in HNSCC. This new "biologic era" is transforming our ability to target causal pathways and improve survival outcomes in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinaki Bose
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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43
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Nagadia R, Pandit P, Coman WB, Cooper-White J, Punyadeera C. miRNAs in head and neck cancer revisited. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2013; 36:1-7. [PMID: 23338821 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-012-0122-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cause of cancer mortality in the world and the 5th most commonly occurring cancer. Tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption and human papilloma virus (HPV) infections have been associated with the occurrence of HNSCC. Despite advances that have been made in HNSCC treatment, smoking-associated HNSCC patients still exhibit a poor 5 year survival rate (30-50 %) and a concomitant poor quality of life. The major clinical challenge to date lies in the early detection of dysplastic lesions,which can progress to malignancy. In addition, there are currently no tools available to monitor HNSCC patients for early stages of local recurrences or distant metastases. In the recent past, micro-RNAs (miRNA) have been assessed for their role in cancer initiation and progression, including HNSCC. It is now well-established that deregulation of these single stranded, small non-coding, 19-25 nt RNAs can e.g. enhance the expression of oncogenes or subdue the expression of tumor suppressor genes. The aims of this review are three-fold: first to retrieve from the literature miRNAs that have specifically been associated with HNSCC, second to group these miRNAs into those regulating tumor initiation, progression and metastasis, and third to discern miRNAs related to smoking-associated HNSCC versus HPV-associated HNSCC development. CONCLUSIONS This review gives an overview on the miRNAs regulating the development of head and neck cancers. The ultimate establishment of miRNA expression profiles that are HNSCC specific, and miRNAs that orchestrate altered gene and protein expression levels in HNSCC, could pave the way for a better understanding of the mechanism underlying its pathogenesis and the development of novel, targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Nagadia
- The Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
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Lenarduzzi M, Hui ABY, Alajez NM, Shi W, Williams J, Yue S, O’Sullivan B, Liu FF. MicroRNA-193b enhances tumor progression via down regulation of neurofibromin 1. PLoS One 2013; 8:e53765. [PMID: 23335975 PMCID: PMC3546079 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Accepted: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite improvements in therapeutic approaches for head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC), clinical outcome has remained disappointing, with 5-year overall survival rates hovering around 40-50%, underscoring an urgent need to better understand the biological bases of this disease. We chose to address this challenge by studying the role of micro-RNAs (miRNAs) in HNSCC. MiR-193b was identified as an over-expressed miRNA from global miRNA profiling studies previously conducted in our lab, and confirmed in HNSCC cell lines. In vitro knockdown of miR-193b in FaDu cancer cells substantially reduced cell proliferation, migration and invasion, along with suppressed tumour formation in vivo. By integrating in silico prediction algorithms with in vitro experimental mRNA profilings, plus mRNA expression data of clinical specimens, neurofibromin 1 (NF1) was identified to be a target of miR-193b. Concordantly, miR-193b knockdown decreased NF1 transcript and protein levels significantly. Luciferase reporter assays confirmed the direct interaction of miR-193b with NF1. Moreover, p-ERK, a downstream target of NF1 was also suppressed after miR-193b knockdown. FaDu cells treated with a p-ERK inhibitor (U0126) phenocopied the reduced cell proliferation, migration and invasion observed with miR-193b knockdown. Finally, HNSCC patients whose tumours expressed high levels of miR-193b experienced a lower disease-free survival compared to patients with low miR-193b expression. Our findings identified miR-193b as a potentially novel prognostic marker in HNSCC that drives tumour progression via down-regulating NF1, in turn leading to activation of ERK, resulting in proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumour formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Lenarduzzi
- Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Angela B. Y. Hui
- Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Nehad M. Alajez
- Stem Cell Unit, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wei Shi
- Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Justin Williams
- Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Shijun Yue
- Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Brian O’Sullivan
- Radiation Medicine Program University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Fei-Fei Liu
- Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Radiation Medicine Program University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario
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Cho HJ, Liu G, Jin SM, Parisiadou L, Xie C, Yu J, Sun L, Ma B, Ding J, Vancraenenbroeck R, Lobbestael E, Baekelandt V, Taymans JM, He P, Troncoso JC, Shen Y, Cai H. MicroRNA-205 regulates the expression of Parkinson's disease-related leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 protein. Hum Mol Genet 2012; 22:608-20. [PMID: 23125283 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/dds470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent genome-wide association studies indicate that a simple alteration of Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene expression may contribute to the etiology of sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the expression and regulation of LRRK2 protein in the sporadic PD brains remain to be determined. Here, we found that the expression of LRRK2 protein was enhanced in the sporadic PD patients using the frontal cortex tissue from a set of 16 PD patients and 7 control samples. In contrast, no significant difference was detected in the level of LRRK2 mRNA expression between the control and PD cases, suggesting a potential post-transcriptional modification of the LRRK2 protein expression in the sporadic PD brains. Indeed, it was identified that microRNA-205 (miR-205) suppressed the expression of LRRK2 protein through a conserved-binding site at the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of LRRK2 gene. Interestingly, miR-205 expression was significantly downregulated in the brains of patients with sporadic PD, showing the enhanced LRRK2 protein levels. Also, in vitro studies in the cell lines and primary neuron cultures further established the role of miR-205 in modulating the expression of LRRK2 protein. In addition, introduction of miR-205 prevented the neurite outgrowth defects in the neurons expressing a PD-related LRRK2 R1441G mutant. Together, these findings suggest that downregulation of miR-205 may contribute to the potential pathogenic elevation of LRRK2 protein in the brains of patients with sporadic PD, while overexpression of miR-205 may provide an applicable therapeutic strategy to suppress the abnormal upregulation of LRRK2 protein in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jin Cho
- Transgenics Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Silva SD, Nonogaki S, Soares FA, Kowalski LP. p16 (INK4a) has clinicopathological and prognostic impact on oropharynx and larynx squamous cell carcinoma. Braz J Med Biol Res 2012; 45:1327-33. [PMID: 22948376 PMCID: PMC3854204 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2012007500140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2011] [Accepted: 08/15/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
CDKN2A encodes proteins such as p16 (INK4a), which negatively regulate the cell-cycle. Molecular genetic studies have revealed that deletions in CDKN2A occur frequently in cancer. Although p16 (INK4a) may be involved in tumor progression, the clinical impact and prognostic implications in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are controversial. The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency of the immunohistochemical expression of p16 (INK4a) in 40 oropharynx and 35 larynx from HNSCC patients treated in a single institution and followed-up at least for 10 years in order to explore potential associations with clinicopathological outcomes and prognostic implications. Forty cases (53.3%) were positive for p16 (INK4a) and this expression was more intense in non-smoking patients (P = 0.050), whose tumors showed negative vascular embolization (P = 0.018), negative lymphatic permeation (P = 0.002), and clear surgical margins (P = 0.050). Importantly, on the basis of negative p16 (INK4a) expression, it was possible to predict a probability of lower survival (P = 0.055) as well as tumors presenting lymph node metastasis (P = 0.050) and capsular rupture (P = 0.0010). Furthermore, increased risk of recurrence was observed in tumors presenting capsular rupture (P = 0.0083). Taken together, the alteration in p16 (INK4a) appears to be a common event in patients with oropharynx and larynx squamous cell carcinoma and the negative expression of this protein correlated with poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D Silva
- Departamento de Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço e Otorrinolaringologia, Hospital A.C. Camargo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
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Epigenetic-induced repression of microRNA-205 is associated with MED1 activation and a poorer prognosis in localized prostate cancer. Oncogene 2012; 32:2891-9. [PMID: 22869146 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2012.300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Deregulation of microRNA (miRNA) expression can have a critical role in carcinogenesis. Here we show in prostate cancer that miRNA-205 (miR-205) transcription is commonly repressed and the MIR-205 locus is hypermethylated. LOC642587, the MIR-205 host gene of unknown function, is also concordantly inactivated. We show that miR-205 targets mediator 1 (MED1, also called TRAP220 and PPARBP) for transcriptional silencing in normal prostate cells, leading to reduction in MED1 mRNA levels, and in total and active phospho-MED1 protein. Overexpression of miR-205 in prostate cancer cells negatively affects cell viability, consistent with a tumor suppressor function. We found that hypermethylation of the MIR-205 locus was strongly related with a decrease in miR-205 expression and an increase in MED1 expression in primary tumor samples (n=14), when compared with matched normal prostate (n=7). An expanded patient cohort (tumor n=149, matched normal n=30) also showed significant MIR-205 DNA methylation in tumors compared with normal, and MIR-205 hypermethylation is significantly associated with biochemical recurrence (hazard ratio=2.005, 95% confidence interval (1.109, 3.625), P=0.02), in patients with low preoperative prostate specific antigen. In summary, these results suggest that miR-205 is an epigenetically regulated tumor suppressor that targets MED1 and may provide a potential biomarker in prostate cancer management.
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Cao P, Zhou L, Zhang J, Zheng F, Wang H, Ma D, Tian J. Comprehensive expression profiling of microRNAs in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Head Neck 2012; 35:720-8. [PMID: 22605671 DOI: 10.1002/hed.23011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are noncoding RNAs involved in posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression in cancer and provide new perspectives on the development of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). METHODS miRNA expression of 6 pairs of laryngeal SCC and adjacent normal tissues was screened using miRNA array. Laser capture microdissection was applied to isolate a homogeneous group of cells from laryngeal SCC samples. The results of miRNA array analysis were validated in 48 pairs of laryngeal SCC and adjacent normal tissues using quantitative RT-PCR. RESULTS Twenty-nine differentially expressed miRNAs were detected in the 6 pairs of laryngeal SCC, of which 6 were confirmed, including upregulation of miR-21, miR-93, miR-205, and miR-708 and downregulation of miR-125b and miR-145. Their putative target genes were predicted using 3 online software programs. CONCLUSION These differentially expressed miRNAs may play a role in tumorigenesis and progression in laryngeal SCC and offer new angles for further investigations into the function of miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyu Cao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Fudan University Affiliated Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Pérez-Sayáns M, Pilar GD, Barros-Angueira F, Suárez-Peñaranda JM, Fernández AC, Gándara-Rey JM, García-García A. Current trends in miRNAs and their relationship with oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Pathol Med 2011; 41:433-43. [PMID: 22188431 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2011.01121.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A micro RNA (miRNA) is a single-stranded endogenous, non-coding RNA, with length ranging between 18 and 24 nucleotides and the ability of regulating the expression of other genes on a post-transcriptional level by means of various processes, degradation or repression of target mRNA. miRNAs play a crucial role in regulating fundamental processes such as cell cycle, differentiation and apoptosis; thus, their deregulation can affect normal cell growth and development, and even participate in carcinogenesis. The goals of this paper are: to outline the formation and functions of miRNAs; to determine their role in oral squamous cell carcinoma; to analyze the different miRNAs described and their roles as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes, depending on their overexpression or subexpression; to describe the different polymorphisms and epigenetic alterations identified; and to determine their role in multidrug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Pérez-Sayáns
- Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Entrerríos s/n, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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Akagi I, Miyashita M, Ishibashi O, Mishima T, Kikuchi K, Makino H, Nomura T, Hagiwara N, Uchida E, Takizawa T. Relationship between altered expression levels of MIR21, MIR143, MIR145, and MIR205 and clinicopathologic features of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Dis Esophagus 2011; 24:523-30. [PMID: 21453382 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-2050.2011.01177.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In spite of the undisputed importance of altered expression patterns of microRNAs (miRNAs) in various cancers, there is little information on the clinicopathologic significance of cancer-related miRNAs (MIR21, MIR143, MIR144, MIR145, and MIR205) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). We examined the expression levels of the precursor and mature miRNA genes in ESCC using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We also investigated the mRNA expression levels of processing elements (RNASEN, DGCR8, and DICER1) that participate in miRNA-biogenesis pathway. Furthermore, we analyzed the relationships between the expression levels of these five miRNAs and the clinicopathologic parameters of ESCC patients. The expression levels of mature MIR21 and mature MIR145 were higher in ESCC than those in normal epithelium (P < 0.05). The mature/pre ratio of MIR21 in ESCC was higher than that in normal epithelium (P < 0.05). With regard to miRNA-processing elements, the expression level of RNASEN was higher in ESCC than in normal epithelium (P < 0.05). Furthermore, altered expression of these miRNAs was related to the clinicopathologic features of ESCC patients. The high expression of mature MIR21 and mature MIR205 was associated with lymph node positivity in ESCC patients (P < 0.05). The high levels of expression of mature MIR143 and mature MIR145 were associated with recurrence of metastasis in ESCC patients (P < 0.05). The findings may imply that miRNA biogenesis is aberrantly accelerated in ESCC. Analysis of the expression levels of miRNAs should provide useful information for evaluation of the staging, prognosis, and treatment of ESCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Akagi
- Division of Surgery for Organ Function and Biological Regulation, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
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