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Shadnoush M, Momenan M, Seidel V, Tierling S, Fatemi N, Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad E, Norooz MT, Cheraghpour M. A comprehensive update on the potential of curcumin to enhance chemosensitivity in colorectal cancer. Pharmacol Rep 2024:10.1007/s43440-024-00652-y. [PMID: 39304638 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-024-00652-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 09/07/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers and a major cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The efficacy of chemotherapy agents in CRC treatment is often limited due to toxic side effects, heterogeneity of cancer cells, and the possibility of chemoresistance which promotes cancer cell survival through several mechanisms. Combining chemotherapy agents with natural compounds like curcumin, a polyphenol compound from the Curcuma longa plant, has been reported to overcome chemoresistance and increase the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapeutics. Curcumin, alone or in combination with chemotherapy agents, has been demonstrated to prevent chemoresistance by modulating various signaling pathways, reducing the expression of drug resistance-related genes. The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive update on studies that have investigated the ability of curcumin to enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy agents used in CRC. It is hoped that it can serve as a template for future research on the efficacy of curcumin, or other natural compounds, combined with chemotherapy agents to maximize the effectiveness of therapy and reduce the side effects that occur in CRC or other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Shadnoush
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O.Box, Tehran, 16635-148, Iran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrnaz Momenan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Veronique Seidel
- Natural Products Research Laboratory, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sascha Tierling
- Department of Genetics/Epigenetics, Faculty NT, Life Sciences, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Nayeralsadat Fatemi
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O.Box, Tehran, 16635-148, Iran
| | - Ehsan Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Tayefeh Norooz
- General Surgery Department, Modarres Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Makan Cheraghpour
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O.Box, Tehran, 16635-148, Iran.
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Brockmueller A, Ruiz de Porras V, Shakibaei M. Curcumin and its anti-colorectal cancer potential: From mechanisms of action to autophagy. Phytother Res 2024; 38:3525-3551. [PMID: 38699926 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) development and progression, one of the most common cancers globally, is supported by specific mechanisms to escape cell death despite chemotherapy, including cellular autophagy. Autophagy is an evolutionarily highly conserved degradation pathway involved in a variety of cellular processes, such as the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and clearance of foreign bodies, and its imbalance is associated with many diseases. However, the role of autophagy in CRC progression remains controversial, as it has a dual function, affecting either cell death or survival, and is associated with cellular senescence in tumor therapy. Indeed, numerous data have been presented that autophagy in cancers serves as an alternative to cell apoptosis when the latter is ineffective or in apoptosis-resistant cells, which is why it is also referred to as programmed cell death type II. Curcumin, one of the active constituents of Curcuma longa, has great potential to combat CRC by influencing various cellular signaling pathways and epigenetic regulation in a safe and cost-effective approach. This review discusses the efficacy of curcumin against CRC in vitro and in vivo, particularly its modulation of autophagy and apoptosis in various cellular pathways. While clinical studies have assessed the potential of curcumin in cancer prevention and treatment, none have specifically examined its role in autophagy. Nonetheless, we offer an overview of potential correlations to support the use of this polyphenol as a prophylactic or co-therapeutic agent in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aranka Brockmueller
- Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Vicenç Ruiz de Porras
- CARE Program, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institute of Oncology, Badalona Applied Research Group in Oncology (B·ARGO), Barcelona, Spain
- GRET and Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mehdi Shakibaei
- Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Zeb F, Naqeeb H, Osaili T, Faris ME, Ismail LC, Obaid RS, Naja F, Radwan H, Hasan H, Hashim M, AlBlooshi S, Alam I. Molecular crosstalk between polyphenols and gut microbiota in cancer prevention. Nutr Res 2024; 124:21-42. [PMID: 38364552 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that cancer remains a significant global health challenge, necessitating the development of novel therapeutic approaches. In recent years, the molecular crosstalk between polyphenols and gut microbiota has emerged as a promising pathway for cancer prevention. Polyphenols, abundant in many plant-based foods, possess diverse bioactive properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. The gut microbiota, a complex microbial community residing in the gastrointestinal tract, plays a crucial role in a host's health and disease risks. This review highlights cancer suppressive and oncogenic mechanisms of gut microbiota, the intricate interplay between gut microbiota modulation and polyphenol biotransformation, and the potential therapeutic implications of this interplay in cancer prevention. Furthermore, this review explores the molecular mechanisms underpinning the synergistic effects of polyphenols and the gut microbiota, such as modulation of signaling pathways and immune response and epigenetic modifications in animal and human studies. The current review also summarizes the challenges and future directions in this field, including the development of personalized approaches that consider interindividual variations in gut microbiota composition and function. Understanding the molecular crosstalk could offer new perspectives for the development of personalized cancer therapies targeting the polyphenol-gut axis. Future clinical trials are needed to validate the potential role of polyphenols and gut microbiota as innovative therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falak Zeb
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Huma Naqeeb
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shaukat Khanam Cancer Hospital and Research Center Peshawar, Pakistan; Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Women University Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Tareq Osaili
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - MoezAllslam Ezzat Faris
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Leila Cheikh Ismail
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Nuffield, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Reyad Shakir Obaid
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Farah Naja
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hadia Radwan
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hayder Hasan
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mona Hashim
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sharifa AlBlooshi
- College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, United Arab Emirates
| | - Iftikhar Alam
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Bacha Khan University Charsadda, Pakistan
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4
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Kwon M, Jung HJ. Hovenia dulcis Suppresses the Growth of Huh7-Derived Liver Cancer Stem Cells by Inducing Necroptosis and Apoptosis and Blocking c-MET Signaling. Cells 2023; 13:22. [PMID: 38201226 PMCID: PMC10778038 DOI: 10.3390/cells13010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs) contribute to the initiation, metastasis, treatment resistance, and recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Therefore, exploring potential anticancer agents targeting LCSCs may offer new therapeutic options to overcome HCC treatment failure. Hovenia dulcis Thunberg (HDT), a tree from the buckthorn family found in Asia, exhibits various biological activities, including antifatigue, antidiabetic, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, and antitumor activities. However, the therapeutic effect of HDT in eliminating LCSCs remains to be confirmed. In this study, we evaluated the inhibitory activity of ethanol, chloroform, and ethyl acetate extracts from HDT branches on the growth of Huh7-derived LCSCs. The ethyl acetate extract of HDT (EAHDT) exhibited the most potent inhibitory activity against the growth of Huh7 LCSCs among the three HDT extracts. EAHDT suppressed the in vitro self-renewal ability of Huh7 LCSCs and reduced tumor growth in vivo using the Huh7 LCSC-transplanted chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane model. Furthermore, EAHDT not only arrested the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase but also induced receptor-interacting protein kinase 3/mixed-lineage kinase domain-like protein-mediated necroptosis and caspase-dependent apoptosis in Huh7 LCSCs in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, the growth inhibitory effect of EAHDT on Huh7 LCSCs was associated with the downregulation of c-MET-mediated downstream signaling pathways and key cancer stemness markers. Based on these findings, we propose that EAHDT can be used as a new natural drug candidate to prevent and treat HCC by eradicating LCSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikyoung Kwon
- Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, Graduate School, Sun Moon University, Asan 31460, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hye Jin Jung
- Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, Graduate School, Sun Moon University, Asan 31460, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Biotechnology, Sun Moon University, Asan 31460, Republic of Korea
- Genome-Based BioIT Convergence Institute, Sun Moon University, Asan 31460, Republic of Korea
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Reisenauer KN, Aroujo J, Tao Y, Ranganathan S, Romo D, Taube JH. Therapeutic vulnerabilities of cancer stem cells and effects of natural products. Nat Prod Rep 2023; 40:1432-1456. [PMID: 37103550 PMCID: PMC10524555 DOI: 10.1039/d3np00002h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Covering: 1995 to 2022Tumors possess both genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity leading to the survival of subpopulations post-treatment. The term cancer stem cells (CSCs) describes a subpopulation that is resistant to many types of chemotherapy and which also possess enhanced migratory and anchorage-independent growth capabilities. These cells are enriched in residual tumor material post-treatment and can serve as the seed for future tumor re-growth, at both primary and metastatic sites. Elimination of CSCs is a key goal in enhancing cancer treatment and may be aided by application of natural products in conjunction with conventional treatments. In this review, we highlight molecular features of CSCs and discuss synthesis, structure-activity relationships, derivatization, and effects of six natural products with anti-CSC activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jaquelin Aroujo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor Univesrity, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Yongfeng Tao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor Univesrity, Waco, TX, USA
| | | | - Daniel Romo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor Univesrity, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Joseph H Taube
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA.
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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Afshari AR, Sanati M, Kesharwani P, Sahebkar A. Recent Advances in Curcumin-Based Combination Nanomedicines for Cancer Therapy. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:408. [PMID: 37623653 PMCID: PMC10455605 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14080408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Standard cancer chemotherapeutics often produce significant adverse effects and eventually lose their effectiveness due to the emergence of resistance mechanisms. As a result, patients with malignant tumors experience a poor quality of life and a short lifespan. Thus, combination medication regimens provide various advantages, including increased success rate, fewer side effects, and fewer occurrences of resistance. Curcumin (Cur), a potential phytochemical from turmeric, when coupled with traditional chemotherapeutics, has been established to improve the effectiveness of cancer treatment in clinical and preclinical investigations. Cur not only exerts multiple mechanisms resulting in apoptotic cancer cell death but also reduces the resistance to standard chemotherapy drugs, mainly through downregulating the multi-drug resistance (MDR) cargoes. Recent reports showed the beneficial outcomes of Cur combination with many chemotherapeutics in various malignancies. Nevertheless, owing to the limited bioavailability, devising co-delivery strategies for Cur and conventional pharmaceuticals appears to be required for clinical settings. This review summarized various Cur combinations with standard treatments as cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir R. Afshari
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Mehdi Sanati
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
- Experimental and Animal Study Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 602105, India
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Pospieszna J, Dams-Kozlowska H, Udomsak W, Murias M, Kucinska M. Unmasking the Deceptive Nature of Cancer Stem Cells: The Role of CD133 in Revealing Their Secrets. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10910. [PMID: 37446085 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a leading cause of death globally, and its complexity poses a significant challenge to effective treatment. Cancer stem cells and their markers have become key players in tumor growth and progression. CD133, a marker in various cancer types, is an active research area as a potential therapeutic target. This article explores the role of CD133 in cancer treatment, beginning with an overview of cancer statistics and an explanation of cancer stem cells and their markers. The rise of CD133 is discussed, including its structure, functions, and occurrence in different cancer types. Furthermore, the article covers CD133 as a therapeutic target, focusing on gene therapy, immunotherapy, and approaches to affect CD133 expression. Nanoparticles such as gold nanoparticles and nanoliposomes are also discussed in the context of CD133-targeted therapy. In conclusion, CD133 is a promising therapeutic target for cancer treatment. As research in this area progresses, it is hoped that CD133-targeted therapies will offer new and effective treatment options for cancer patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Pospieszna
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 30 Dojazd Street, 10 Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego Street, 60-631 Poznan, Poland
| | - Hanna Dams-Kozlowska
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 15 Garbary Street, 61-866 Poznan, Poland
- Department of Diagnostics and Cancer Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 15 Garbary Street, 61-866 Poznan, Poland
| | - Wachirawit Udomsak
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 30 Dojazd Street, 10 Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego Street, 60-631 Poznan, Poland
| | - Marek Murias
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 30 Dojazd Street, 10 Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego Street, 60-631 Poznan, Poland
- Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10 Street, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Kucinska
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 30 Dojazd Street, 10 Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego Street, 60-631 Poznan, Poland
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Brockmueller A, Girisa S, Kunnumakkara AB, Shakibaei M. Resveratrol Modulates Chemosensitisation to 5-FU via β1-Integrin/HIF-1α Axis in CRC Tumor Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054988. [PMID: 36902421 PMCID: PMC10003050 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Frequent development of resistance to chemotherapeutic agents such as 5-flourouracil (5-FU) complicates the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer (CRC). Resveratrol is able to utilize β1-integrin receptors, strongly expressed in CRC cells, to transmit and exert anti-carcinogenic signals, but whether it can also utilize these receptors to overcome 5-FU chemoresistance in CRC cells has not yet been investigated. Effects of β1-integrin knockdown on anti-cancer capabilities of resveratrol and 5-FU were investigated in HCT-116 and 5-FU-resistant HCT-116R CRC tumor microenvironment (TME) with 3D-alginate as well as monolayer cultures. Resveratrol increased CRC cell sensitivity to 5-FU by reducing TME-promoted vitality, proliferation, colony formation, invasion tendency and mesenchymal phenotype including pro-migration pseudopodia. Furthermore, resveratrol impaired CRC cells in favor of more effective utilization of 5-FU by down-regulating TME-induced inflammation (NF-kB), vascularisation (VEGF, HIF-1α) and cancer stem cell production (CD44, CD133, ALDH1), while up-regulating apoptosis (caspase-3) that was previously inhibited by TME. These anti-cancer mechanisms of resveratrol were largely abolished by antisense oligonucleotides against β1-integrin (β1-ASO) in both CRC cell lines, indicating the particular importance of β1-integrin receptors for the 5-FU-chemosensitising effect of resveratrol. Lastly, co-immunoprecipitation tests showed that resveratrol targets and modulates the TME-associated β1-integrin/HIF-1α signaling axis in CRC cells. Our results suggest for the first time the utility of the β1-integrin/HIF-1α signaling axis related to chemosensitization and overcoming chemoresistance to 5-FU in CRC cells by resveratrol, underlining its potential supportive applications in CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aranka Brockmueller
- Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Pettenkoferstr. 11, D-80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Centre for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Centre for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Mehdi Shakibaei
- Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Pettenkoferstr. 11, D-80336 Munich, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-89-2180-72624
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Liao W, Zhang L, Chen X, Xiang J, Zheng Q, Chen N, Zhao M, Zhang G, Xiao X, Zhou G, Zeng J, Tang J. Targeting cancer stem cells and signalling pathways through phytochemicals: A promising approach against colorectal cancer. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 108:154524. [PMID: 36375238 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are strongly associated with high tumourigenicity, chemotherapy or radiotherapy resistance, and metastasis and recurrence, particularly in colorectal cancer (CRC). Therefore, targeting CSCs may be a promising approach. Recently, discovery and research on phytochemicals that effectively target colorectal CSCs have been gaining popularity because of their broad safety profile and multi-target and multi-pathway modes of action. PURPOSE This review aimed to elucidate and summarise the effects and mechanisms of phytochemicals with potential anti-CSC agents that could contribute to the better management of CRC. METHODS We reviewed PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Ovid, ScienceDirect and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases from the original publication date to March 2022 to review the mechanisms by which phytochemicals inhibit CRC progression by targeting CSCs and their key signalling pathways. Phytochemicals were classified and summarised based on the mechanisms of action. RESULTS We observed that phytochemicals could affect the biological properties of colorectal CSCs. Phytochemicals significantly inhibit self-renewal, migration, invasion, colony formation, and chemoresistance and induce apoptosis and differentiation of CSCs by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway (e.g., diallyl trisulfide and genistein), the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway (e.g., caffeic acid and piperlongumine), the neurogenic locus notch homolog protein pathway (e.g., honokiol, quercetin, and α-mangostin), the Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway (e.g., curcumin, morin, and ursolic acid), and other key signalling pathways. It is worth noting that several phytochemicals, such as resveratrol, silibinin, evodiamine, and thymoquinone, highlight multi-target and multi-pathway effects in restraining the malignant biological behaviour of CSCs. CONCLUSIONS This review demonstrates the potential of targeted therapies for colorectal CSCs using phytochemicals. Phytochemicals could serve as novel therapeutic agents for CRC and aid in drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Liao
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Lanlan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xian Chen
- Department of Pathology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Juyi Xiang
- Center for drug evaluation, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing 100022, China
| | - Qiao Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Nianzhi Chen
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Maoyuan Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Gang Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Xiaolin Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Gang Zhou
- Center for drug evaluation, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing 100022, China.
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China; Department of Geriatrics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China.
| | - Jianyuan Tang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China.
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10
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Layos L, Martínez-Balibrea E, Ruiz de Porras V. Curcumin: A Novel Way to Improve Quality of Life for Colorectal Cancer Patients? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214058. [PMID: 36430537 PMCID: PMC9695864 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in men and the second most common in women. Treatment of metastatic CRC consists of highly toxic chemotherapeutic drug combinations that often negatively affect patient quality of life (QoL). Moreover, chemotherapy-induced toxicity and chemotherapy resistance are among the most important factors limiting cancer treatment and can lead to the interruption or discontinuation of potentially effective therapy. Several preclinical studies have demonstrated that curcumin acts through multiple cellular pathways and possesses both anti-cancer properties against CRC and the capacity to mitigate chemotherapy-related side effects and overcome drug resistance. In this review article, we suggest that the addition of curcumin to the standard chemotherapeutic treatment for metastatic CRC could reduce associated side-effects and overcome chemotherapy resistance, thereby improving patient QoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Layos
- Medical Oncology Department, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Ctra. Can Ruti-Camí de les Escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- Catalan Institute of Oncology, Badalona Applied Research Group in Oncology (B·ARGO), Ctra. Can Ruti-Camí de les Escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Ctra. Can Ruti-Camí de les escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Eva Martínez-Balibrea
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Ctra. Can Ruti-Camí de les escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- ProCURE Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Ctra. Can Ruti-Camí de les escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Vicenç Ruiz de Porras
- Catalan Institute of Oncology, Badalona Applied Research Group in Oncology (B·ARGO), Ctra. Can Ruti-Camí de les Escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Ctra. Can Ruti-Camí de les escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-(93)-5546301
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FOLFOXIRI Resistance Induction and Characterization in Human Colorectal Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194812. [PMID: 36230735 PMCID: PMC9564076 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
FOLFOXIRI, i.e., the combination of folinic acid, 5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan, is a first-line treatment for colorectal carcinoma (CRC), yet non-personalized and aggressive. In this study, to mimic the clinical situation of patients diagnosed with advanced CRC and exposed to a chronic treatment with FOLFOXIRI, we have generated the CRC cell clones chronically treated with FOLFOXIRI. A significant loss in sensitivity to FOLFOXIRI was obtained in all four cell lines, compared to their treatment-naïve calls, as shown in 2D cultures and heterotypic 3D co-cultures. Acquired drug resistance induction was observed through morphometric changes in terms of the organization of the actin filament. Bulk RNA sequencing revealed important upregulation of glucose transporter family 5 (GLUT5) in SW620 resistant cell line, while in the LS174T-resistant cell line, a significant downregulation of protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor S (PTPRS) and oxoglutarate dehydrogenase-like gene (OGDHL). This acquired resistance to FOLFOXIRI was overcome with optimized low-dose synergistic drug combinations (ODCs) acting via the Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK pathway. The ODCs inhibited the cell metabolic activity in SW620 and LS174T 3Dcc, respectively by up to 82%.
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12
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Disulfiram increases the efficacy of 5-fluorouracil in organotypic cultures of colorectal carcinoma. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113465. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Plant-Derived Bioactive Compounds in Colorectal Cancer: Insights from Combined Regimens with Conventional Chemotherapy to Overcome Drug-Resistance. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081948. [PMID: 36009495 PMCID: PMC9406120 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Acquired drug resistance represents a major clinical problem and one of the biggest limitations of chemotherapeutic regimens in colorectal cancer. Combination regimens using standard chemotherapeutic agents, together with bioactive natural compounds derived from diet or plants, may be one of the most valuable strategies to overcome drug resistance and re-sensitize chemoresistant cells. In this review, we highlight the effect of combined regimens based on conventional chemotherapeutics in conjunction with well-tolerated plant-derived bioactive compounds, mainly curcumin, resveratrol, and EGCG, with emphasis on the molecular mechanisms associated with the acquired drug resistance.
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14
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Vatankhah MA, Panahizadeh R, Nejati-Koshki K, Arabzadeh M, Arabzadeh AA, Najafzadeh N. Curcumin Upregulates miR-148a to Increase the Chemosensitivity of CD44-Positive Prostate Cancer Stem Cells to Paclitaxel Through Targeting the MSK1/IRS1 axis. Drug Res (Stuttg) 2022; 72:457-465. [PMID: 35868335 DOI: 10.1055/a-1867-4805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In men, prostate cancer (PC) is the second most common cause of cancer-related death. However, paclitaxel resistance is a major challenge in advanced PC. Curcumin, a natural antioxidant, has been demonstrated to have cytotoxic effects on cancer stem cells (CSCs). The goal of this study is to explore if curcumin can help lower chemoresistance to paclitaxel through the regulation of miR-148a-mediated apoptosis in prostate CSCs. METHODS The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPi) labeling were used to determine cell survival. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of P-glycoprotein protein (P-gp) and CD44 proteins. Finally, real-time PCR was used to evaluate the regulatory effects of curcumin and paclitaxel on miR-148a and its target genes. RESULTS Curcumin and paclitaxel co-treatment significantly reduced the IC50 value in CD44+cells compared to paclitaxel alone. Additionally, combining these drugs considerably increased apoptosis in CD44+cells. We also discovered that when curcumin and paclitaxel were combined, the expression of CD44 and P-gp was significantly reduced compared to paclitaxel alone. Curcumin and paclitaxel co-treatment also increased miR-148a levels and regulated the levels of its target genes MSK1 and IRS1. CONCLUSION Curcumin may restore paclitaxel sensitivity by raising miR-148a expression and inhibiting its target genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Amin Vatankhah
- Research Laboratory for Embryology and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Reza Panahizadeh
- Research Laboratory for Embryology and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Kazem Nejati-Koshki
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Mahsa Arabzadeh
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Amir Ahmad Arabzadeh
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Nowruz Najafzadeh
- Research Laboratory for Embryology and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
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15
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Narayan S, Raza A, Mahmud I, Koo N, Garrett TJ, Law ME, Law BK, Sharma AK. Sensitization of FOLFOX-resistant colorectal cancer cells via the modulation of a novel pathway involving protein phosphatase 2A. iScience 2022; 25:104518. [PMID: 35754740 PMCID: PMC9218363 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) with FOLFOX shows some efficacy, but these tumors quickly develop resistance to this treatment. We have observed increased phosphorylation of AKT1/mTOR/4EBP1 and levels of p21 in FOLFOX-resistant CRC cells. We have identified a small molecule, NSC49L, that stimulates protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) activity, downregulates the AKT1/mTOR/4EBP1-axis, and inhibits p21 translation. We have provided evidence that NSC49L- and TRAIL-mediated sensitization is synergistically induced in p21-knockdown CRC cells, which is reversed in p21-overexpressing cells. p21 binds with procaspase 3 and prevents the activation of caspase 3. We have shown that TRAIL induces apoptosis through the activation of caspase 3 by NSC49L-mediated downregulation of p21 translation, and thereby cleavage of procaspase 3 into caspase 3. NSC49L does not affect global protein synthesis. These studies provide a mechanistic understanding of NSC49L as a PP2A agonist, and how its combination with TRAIL sensitizes FOLFOX-resistant CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satya Narayan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Asif Raza
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Iqbal Mahmud
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Nayeong Koo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Timothy J. Garrett
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Mary E. Law
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Brian K. Law
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Arun K. Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
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Guadagni S, Masedu F, Fiorentini G, Sarti D, Fiorentini C, Guadagni V, Apostolou P, Papasotiriou I, Parsonidis P, Valenti M, Ricevuto E, Bruera G, Farina AR, Mackay AR, Clementi M. Circulating tumour cell gene expression and chemosensitivity analyses: predictive accuracy for response to multidisciplinary treatment of patients with unresectable refractory recurrent rectal cancer or unresectable refractory colorectal cancer liver metastases. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:660. [PMID: 35710393 PMCID: PMC9202660 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09770-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with unresectable recurrent rectal cancer (RRC) or colorectal cancer (CRC) with liver metastases, refractory to at least two lines of traditional systemic therapy, may receive third line intraarterial chemotherapy (IC) and targeted therapy (TT) using drugs selected by chemosensitivity and tumor gene expression analyses of liquid biopsy-derived circulating tumor cells (CTCs). Methods In this retrospective study, 36 patients with refractory unresectable RRC or refractory unresectable CRC liver metastases were submitted for IC and TT with agents selected by precision oncotherapy chemosensitivity assays performed on liquid biopsy-derived CTCs, transiently cultured in vitro, and by tumor gene expression in the same CTC population, as a ratio to tumor gene expression in peripheral mononuclear blood cells (PMBCs) from the same individual. The endpoint was to evaluate the predictive accuracy of a specific liquid biopsy precision oncotherapy CTC purification and in vitro culture methodology for a positive RECIST 1.1 response to the therapy selected. Results Our analyses resulted in evaluations of 94.12% (95% CI 0.71–0.99) for sensitivity, 5.26% (95% CI 0.01–0.26) for specificity, a predictive value of 47.06% (95% CI 0.29–0.65) for a positive response, a predictive value of 50% (95% CI 0.01–0.98) for a negative response, with an overall calculated predictive accuracy of 47.22% (95% CI 0.30–0.64). Conclusions This is the first reported estimation of predictive accuracy derived from combining chemosensitivity and tumor gene expression analyses on liquid biopsy-derived CTCs, transiently cultured in vitro which, despite limitations, represents a baseline and benchmark which we envisage will be improve upon by methodological and technological advances and future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Guadagni
- Department of Applied Clinical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Francesco Masedu
- Department of Applied Clinical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Giammaria Fiorentini
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliera "Ospedali Riuniti Marche Nord", Pesaro, Italy
| | - Donatella Sarti
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliera "Ospedali Riuniti Marche Nord", Pesaro, Italy
| | - Caterina Fiorentini
- Department of Prevention and Sports Medicine, University Hospital Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Veronica Guadagni
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Marco Valenti
- Department of Applied Clinical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Enrico Ricevuto
- Department of Applied Clinical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Gemma Bruera
- Department of Applied Clinical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Antonietta R Farina
- Department of Applied Clinical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Andrew R Mackay
- Department of Applied Clinical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Marco Clementi
- Department of Applied Clinical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
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17
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Targeting Cancer Stem Cells by Dietary Agents: An Important Therapeutic Strategy against Human Malignancies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111669. [PMID: 34769099 PMCID: PMC8584029 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As a multifactorial disease, treatment of cancer depends on understanding unique mechanisms involved in its progression. The cancer stem cells (CSCs) are responsible for tumor stemness and by enhancing colony formation, proliferation as well as metastasis, and these cells can also mediate resistance to therapy. Furthermore, the presence of CSCs leads to cancer recurrence and therefore their complete eradication can have immense therapeutic benefits. The present review focuses on targeting CSCs by natural products in cancer therapy. The growth and colony formation capacities of CSCs have been reported can be attenuated by the dietary agents. These compounds can induce apoptosis in CSCs and reduce tumor migration and invasion via EMT inhibition. A variety of molecular pathways including STAT3, Wnt/β-catenin, Sonic Hedgehog, Gli1 and NF-κB undergo down-regulation by dietary agents in suppressing CSC features. Upon exposure to natural agents, a significant decrease occurs in levels of CSC markers including CD44, CD133, ALDH1, Oct4 and Nanog to impair cancer stemness. Furthermore, CSC suppression by dietary agents can enhance sensitivity of tumors to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In addition to in vitro studies, as well as experiments on the different preclinical models have shown capacity of natural products in suppressing cancer stemness. Furthermore, use of nanostructures for improving therapeutic impact of dietary agents is recommended to rapidly translate preclinical findings for clinical use.
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18
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Buhrmann C, Kunnumakkara AB, Kumar A, Samec M, Kubatka P, Aggarwal BB, Shakibaei M. Multitargeting Effects of Calebin A on Malignancy of CRC Cells in Multicellular Tumor Microenvironment. Front Oncol 2021; 11:650603. [PMID: 34660256 PMCID: PMC8511772 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.650603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor microenvironment (TME) provides the essential prerequisite niche for promoting cancer progression and metastasis. Calebin A, a component of Curcuma longa, has long been investigated as a safe multitargeted agent with antitumor and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the multicellular-TME-induced malignancy and the antitumorigenic potential of Calebin A on colorectal cancer (CRC) cells in 3D-alginate cultures are not yet understood, and more in-depth research is needed. Methods 3D-alginate tumor cultures (HCT116 cells) in the multicellular proinflammatory TME (fibroblast cells/T lymphocytes), tumor necrosis factor beta (TNF-β)-TME (fibroblast cells/TNF-β) were treated with/without Calebin A to address the pleiotropic actions of Calebin A in the CRC. Results We found that Calebin A downmodulated proliferation, vitality, and migration of HCT116 cells in 3D-alginate cultures in multicellular proinflammatory TME or TNF-β-TME. In addition, Calebin A suppressed TNF-β-, similar to multicellular-TME-induced phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in a concentration-dependent manner. NF-κB-promoting proinflammatory mediators, associated with tumor growth and antiapoptotic molecules (i.e.,MMP-9, CXCR4, Ki-67, β1-integrin, and Caspase-3) and its translocation to the nucleus in HCT116 cells, were increased in both TME cultures. The multicellular-TME cultures further induced the survival of cancer stem cells (CSCs) (upregulation of CD133, CD44, and ALDH1). Last but not the least, Calebin A suppressed multicellular-, similar to TNF-β-TME-induced rigorous upregulation of NF-κB phosphorylation, various NF-κB-regulated gene products, CSCs activation, and survival in 3D-alginate tumor cultures. Conclusions The downmodulation of multicellular proinflammatory-, similar to TNF-β-TME-induced CRC proliferation, survival, and migration by the multitargeting agent Calebin A could be a new therapeutic strategy to suppress inflammation and CRC tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constanze Buhrmann
- Musculoskeletal Research Group and Tumor Biology, Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory & Department of Biotechnology-National institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (DBT-AIST) International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Aviral Kumar
- Cancer Biology Laboratory & Department of Biotechnology-National institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (DBT-AIST) International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Marek Samec
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | | | - Mehdi Shakibaei
- Musculoskeletal Research Group and Tumor Biology, Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
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19
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A Strategic Approach to Identification of Selective Inhibitors of Cancer Stem Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2021. [PMID: 34626421 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1398-6_57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Cancer stem-like cells (CSC) have been implicated in resistance to conventional chemotherapy as well as invasion and metastasis resulting in tumor relapse in majority of epithelial cancers including colorectal cancer. Hence, targeting CSC by small molecules is likely to improve therapeutic outcomes. Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are long linear polysaccharide molecules with varying degrees of sulfation that allows specific GAG-protein interaction which plays a key role in regulating cancer hallmarks such as cellular growth, angiogenesis, and immune modulation. However, identifying selective CSC-targeting GAG mimetic has been marred by difficulties associated with isolating and enriching CSC in vitro. Herein, we discuss two distinct methods, spheroid growth and EMT-transformed cells, to enrich CSC and set up medium- and high-throughput screen to identify selective CSC-targeting agents.
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20
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Elbadawy M, Hayashi K, Ayame H, Ishihara Y, Abugomaa A, Shibutani M, Hayashi SM, Hazama S, Takenouchi H, Nakajima M, Tsunedomi R, Suzuki N, Nagano H, Shinohara Y, Kaneda M, Yamawaki H, Usui T, Sasaki K. Anti-cancer activity of amorphous curcumin preparation in patient-derived colorectal cancer organoids. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 142:112043. [PMID: 34411919 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite its adverse effects, chemotherapy is generally used for the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). Development of supplement preparations targeting cancer stem cells (CSCs) that cause distant metastasis and drug resistance is required. Although curcumin is known to have anti-tumor, hepatoprotective, and hypoglycemic-like actions, its low water solubility, oral absorption, and bioavailability impede its therapeutic uses. Patient-derived organoid cultures can recapitulate heterogeneity, epithelial structures, and molecular imprints of their parental tissues. In the present study, anti-carcinogenic properties of amorphous curcumin (AC), a compound with improved solubility and bioavailability, were evaluated against human CRC organoids. Treatment with AC inhibited the cell viability of CRC organoids in a concentration-dependent manner. AC arrested the cell cycle of CRC organoids and induced apoptosis. AC inhibited phosphorylation of ERK. Expression of downstream signals of ERK, namely c-MYC and cyclin-D1, were inhibited. Expressions of CSC markers, CD44, LGR5, and CD133, were declined in the AC-treated CRC organoids. The combinational treatment of CRC organoids with AC and anti-cancer drugs, oxaliplatin, 5-FU, or irinotecan showed a synergistic activity. In vivo, AC decreased the tumor growth of CRC organoids in mice with the induction of necrotic lesions. In conclusion, AC diminished the cell viability of CRC organoids through the inhibition of proliferation-related signals and CSC marker expression in addition to arresting the cell cycle. Collectively, these data suggest the value of AC as a promising supplement that could be used in combination with anti-cancer drugs to prevent the recurrence and metastasis of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Elbadawy
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, Elqaliobiya 13736, Egypt
| | - Kimika Hayashi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Hiromi Ayame
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ishihara
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Amira Abugomaa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Dakahliya, Egypt
| | - Makoto Shibutani
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Shim-Mo Hayashi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Shoichi Hazama
- Department of Translational Research and Developmental Therapeutics against Cancer, School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan; Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
| | - Hiroko Takenouchi
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
| | - Masao Nakajima
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
| | - Ryouichi Tsunedomi
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nagano
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
| | - Yuta Shinohara
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; Pet Health & Food Division, Iskara Industry CO., LTD, 1-14-2, Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kaneda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Yamawaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, 35-1, Higashi 23 ban-cho, Towada, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Usui
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.
| | - Kazuaki Sasaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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Kong WY, Ngai SC, Goh BH, Lee LH, Htar TT, Chuah LH. Is Curcumin the Answer to Future Chemotherapy Cocktail? Molecules 2021; 26:4329. [PMID: 34299604 PMCID: PMC8303331 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The rise in cancer cases in recent years is an alarming situation worldwide. Despite the tremendous research and invention of new cancer therapies, the clinical outcomes are not always reassuring. Cancer cells could develop several evasive mechanisms for their survivability and render therapeutic failure. The continuous use of conventional cancer therapies leads to chemoresistance, and a higher dose of treatment results in even greater toxicities among cancer patients. Therefore, the search for an alternative treatment modality is crucial to break this viscous cycle. This paper explores the suitability of curcumin combination treatment with other cancer therapies to curb cancer growth. We provide a critical insight to the mechanisms of action of curcumin, its role in combination therapy in various cancers, along with the molecular targets involved. Curcumin combination treatments were found to enhance anticancer effects, mediated by the multitargeting of several signalling pathways by curcumin and the co-administered cancer therapies. The preclinical and clinical evidence in curcumin combination therapy is critically analysed, and the future research direction of curcumin combination therapy is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Yang Kong
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih 43500, Selangor, Malaysia; (W.-Y.K.); (S.C.N.)
| | - Siew Ching Ngai
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih 43500, Selangor, Malaysia; (W.-Y.K.); (S.C.N.)
| | - Bey-Hing Goh
- Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia; (B.-H.G.); (T.-T.H.)
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Learn-Han Lee
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery (NBDD) Research Group, Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Thet-Thet Htar
- Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia; (B.-H.G.); (T.-T.H.)
| | - Lay-Hong Chuah
- Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia; (B.-H.G.); (T.-T.H.)
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22
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Erkisa M, Sariman M, Geyik OG, Geyik CG, Stanojkovic T, Ulukay E. Natural Products as a Promising Therapeutic Strategy to Target Cancer Stem Cells. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:741-783. [PMID: 34182899 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210628131409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is still a deadly disease, and its treatment desperately needs to be managed in a very sophisticated way through fast-developing novel strategies. Most of the cancer cases eventually develop into recurrencies, for which cancer stem cells (CSCs) are thought to be responsible. They are considered as a subpopulation of all cancer cells of tumor tissue with aberrant regulation of self-renewal, unbalanced proliferation, and cell death properties. Moreover, CSCs show a serious degree of resistance to chemotherapy or radiotherapy and immune surveillance as well. Therefore, new classes of drugs are rushing into the market each year, which makes the cost of therapy increase dramatically. Natural products are also becoming a new research area as a diverse chemical library to suppress CSCs. Some of the products even show promise in this regard. So, the near future could witness the introduction of natural products as a source of new chemotherapy modalities, which may result in the development of novel anticancer drugs. They could also be a reasonably-priced alternative to highly expensive current treatments. Nowadays, considering the effects of natural compounds on targeting surface markers, signaling pathways, apoptosis, and escape from immunosurveillance have been a highly intriguing area in preclinical and clinical research. In this review, we present scientific advances regarding their potential use in the inhibition of CSCs and the mechanisms by which they kill the CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Erkisa
- Molecular Cancer Research Center (ISUMKAM), Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Melda Sariman
- Molecular Cancer Research Center (ISUMKAM), Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Oyku Gonul Geyik
- Molecular Cancer Research Center (ISUMKAM), Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Caner Geyik Geyik
- Molecular Cancer Research Center (ISUMKAM), Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tatjana Stanojkovic
- Experimental Oncology Deparment, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Pasterova 14. Serbia
| | - Engin Ulukay
- Molecular Cancer Research Center (ISUMKAM), Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
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23
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Celastrol and Triptolide Suppress Stemness in Triple Negative Breast Cancer: Notch as a Therapeutic Target for Stem Cells. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9050482. [PMID: 33924995 PMCID: PMC8146582 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9050482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is observed in ~15% of breast cancers and results in poor survival and increased distant metastases. Within the tumor are present a small portion of cancer stem cells that drive tumorigenesis and metastasis. In this study, we aimed to elucidate whether the two natural compounds, celastrol and triptolide, inhibit stemness in TNBC. MDA-MB-231, BT20, and a patient-derived primary cells (PD-TNBC) were used in the study. Mammosphere assay was performed to assess the stemness. Both celastrol and triptolide treatment suppressed mammosphere formation. Furthermore, the compound suppressed expression of cancer stem cell marker proteins DCLK1, ALDH1, and CD133. Notch signaling plays a critical role in stem cells renewal. Both celastrol or triptolide reduced Notch -1 activation and expression of its downstream target proteins HES-1 and HEY-1. However, when NICD 1 was ectopically overexpressed in the cells, it partially rescued proliferation and mammosphere formation of the cells, supporting the role of notch signaling. Together, these data demonstrate that targeting stem cells and the notch signaling pathway may be an effective strategy for curtailing TNBC progression.
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24
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Harikrishnan A, Khanna S, Veena V. Design of New Improved Curcumin Derivatives to Multi-targets of Cancer and Inflammation. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 22:573-589. [PMID: 32753008 DOI: 10.2174/1389450121666200804113745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Curcumin is a major active principle of Curcuma longa. There are more than 1700 citations in the Medline, reflecting various biological effects of curcumin. Most of these biological activities are associated with the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antitumor activity of the molecule. Several reports suggest various targets of natural curcumin that include growth factors, growth factor receptor, cytokines, enzymes and gene regulators of apoptosis. This review focuses on the improved curcumin derivatives that target the cancer and inflammation. METHODOLOGY In this present review, we explored the anticancer drugs with curcumin-based drugs under pre-clinical and clinical studies with critical examination. Based on the strong scientific reports of patentable and non-patented literature survey, we have investigated the mode of the interactions of curcumin-based molecules with the target molecules. RESULTS Advanced studies have added new dimensions of the molecular response of cancer cells to curcumin at the genomic level. However, poor bioavailability of the molecule seems to be the major limitation of the curcumin. Several researchers have been involved to improve the curcumin derivatives to overcome this limitation. Sufficient data of clinical trials to various cancers that include multiple myeloma, pancreatic cancer and colon cancer, have also been discussed. CONCLUSION The detailed analysis of the structure-activity relationship (SAR) and common synthesis of curcumin-based derivatives have been discussed in the review. Utilising the predictions of in silico coupled with validation reports of in vitro and in vivo studies have concluded many targets for curcumin. Among them, cancer-related inflammation genes regulating curcumin-based molecules are a very promising target to overcome hurdles in the multimodality therapy of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Harikrishnan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, Vinayaka Mission Research Foundation-Aarupadai Veedu (VMRF-AV) campus, Paiyanoor, Chennai-603104, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sunali Khanna
- Nair Hospital Dental College, Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai, Mumbai, 400 008, India
| | - V Veena
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Rukmini knowledge park, Kattigenahalli, Yelahanka, Bengaluru - 5600 064. Karnataka State, India
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25
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Grover M, Behl T, Sachdeva M, Bungao S, Aleya L, Setia D. Focus on Multi-targeted Role of Curcumin: a Boon in Therapeutic Paradigm. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:18893-18907. [PMID: 33595796 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12809-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound that exhibited good anticancer potential against different types of cancers through its multi-targeted effect like the termination of cell proliferation, inflammation, angiogenesis, and metastasis, thereby acting as antiproliferative and cytotoxic in nature. The present review surveys the various drug combination tried with curcumin or its synthetic analogues and also the mechanism by which curcumin potentiates the effect of almost every drug. In addition, this article also focuses on aromatherapy which is gaining much popularity in cancer patients. After thoroughly studying several articles on combination therapy of curcumin through authenticated book chapters, websites, research, and review articles available at PubMed, ScienceDirect, etc., it has been observed that multi-targeted curcumin possess enormous anticancer potential and, with whatever drug it is given in combination, has always resulted in enhanced effect with reduced dose as well as side effects. It is also capable enough in overcoming the problem of chemoresistance. Besides this, aromatherapy also proved its potency in reducing cancer-related side effects. Combining all the factors together, we can conclude that combination therapy of drugs with curcumin should be explored extensively. In addition, aromatherapy can be used as an adjuvant or supplementary therapy to reduce the cancer complications in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuri Grover
- B.S. Anangpuria Institute of Pharmacy, Alampur, Haryana, India
| | - Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India.
| | | | - Simona Bungao
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Chrono-Environment Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, Besançon, France
| | - Dhruv Setia
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
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26
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Lv L, Shi Y, Wu J, Li G. Nanosized Drug Delivery Systems for Breast Cancer Stem Cell Targeting. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:1487-1508. [PMID: 33654398 PMCID: PMC7914063 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s282110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs), also known as breast cancer initiating cells, are reported to be responsible for the initiation, progression, therapeutic resistance, and relapse of breast cancer. Conventional therapeutic agents mainly kill the bulk of breast tumor cells and fail to eliminate BCSCs, even enhancing the fraction of BCSCs in breast tumors sometimes. Therefore, it is essential to develop specific and effective methods of eliminating BCSCs that will enhance the efficacy of killing breast tumor cells and thereby, increase the survival rates and quality of life of breast cancer patients. Despite the availability of an increasing number of anti-BCSC agents, their clinical translations are hindered by many issues, such as instability, low bioavailability, and off-target effects. Nanosized drug delivery systems (NDDSs) have the potential to overcome the drawbacks of anti-BCSC agents by providing site-specific delivery and enhancing of the stability and bioavailability of the delivered agents. In this review, we first briefly introduce the strategies and agents used against BCSCs and then highlight the mechanism of action and therapeutic efficacy of several state-of-the-art NDDSs that can be used to treat breast cancer by eliminating BCSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonghui Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmacy, Zengcheng District People's Hospital of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, 511300, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Junyan Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Guocheng Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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27
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Curcumin may be a potential adjuvant treatment drug for colon cancer by targeting CD44. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 88:106991. [PMID: 33182071 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite the considerable advances in treatment method development, the mortality rate related to colon cancer still ranks the fifth in all tumor-related diseases. Recently, there has been growing evidences supporting the existence of colon cancer stem cells (CSCs) might be one of the main causes for initiation, progression and recurrence of colon cancer. Curcumin has been shown to possess anticancer activities. It has also been suggested that curcumin was effective against colon CSCs by coupling with CD44, a robust marker and functional important molecule for colorectal CSC. In the present study, we confirmed that curcumin can inhibit the proliferation, colony formation, migration and tumor sphere formation of colon cancer cells. Results from real-time PCR and western blotting had suggested that curcumin could down-regulate the expression of CD44. Moreover, results from flow cytometry had further revealed that curcumin could decrease the proportion of CD44+ colon cancer cells. After the expression of CD44 had been knocked down by using siRNA, the inhibition effects of curcumin against CD44+ colon cancer cells were observed to be reduced significantly. Moreover, it had been observed that the cellular uptake of curcumin was significantly higher in CD44+ colon cancer cells. Results from flow cytometry had shown that curcumin could induce apoptosis in CD44+ colon cancer cells. Altogether, our results suggested that curcumin might be an adjuvant drug for the treatment of colorectal cancer by targeting CD44.
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28
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Li S, Zheng S. Down-Regulation of Circ_0032833 Sensitizes Colorectal Cancer to 5-Fluorouracil and Oxaliplatin Partly Depending on the Regulation of miR-125-5p and MSI1. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:11257-11269. [PMID: 33177876 PMCID: PMC7649231 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s270123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) is an effective chemotherapy for colorectal cancer (CRC) in clinic. It remains unclear regarding the effect of circular RNA (circRNA) circ_0032833 on regulating chemosensitivity in CRC. Methods Drug resistance analysis was performed by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. All RNA and protein levels were, respectively, measured via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. Cellular colony capacity, apoptosis and metastasis were evaluated using colony formation assay, Annexin-FITC/PI flow cytometry and transwell migration/invasion assays. The molecular combination was notarized using dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays. The in vivo experiment was conducted via xenograft tumors in mice. Results Circ_0032833 was significantly up-regulated in FOLFOX-resistant CRC and associated with drug resistance. Knockdown of circ_0032833 could sensitize FOLFOX-resistant CRC cells to 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin. Circ_0032833 was a miR-125-5p sponge, and miR-125-5p overexpression was responsible for the effect of circ_0032833 knockdown on 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin sensitivities. Besides, miR-125-5p targeted Musashi1 (MSI1) to increase the susceptibility of 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin in FOLFOX-resistant CRC cells. We found that circ_0032833 generated the regulation on MSI1 by sponging miR-125-5p. Circ_0032833 down-regulation also promoted the 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin sensitivities partly through the miR-125-5p/MSI1 axis in vivo. Conclusion This study illuminated an unambiguous mechanism circ_0032833/miR-125-5p/MSI1 on regulating 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin sensitivities in FOLFOX therapy, maybe providing a deep insight of resistance formation and developing a novel strategy to enhance chemosensitivity in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouchao Li
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang 261000, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Zheng
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang 261000, People's Republic of China
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29
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Ruiz de Porras V, Layos L, Martínez-Balibrea E. Curcumin: A therapeutic strategy for colorectal cancer? Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 73:321-330. [PMID: 32942023 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second cause of cancer death worldwide. The metastatic disease is mainly treated with aggressive therapies consisting on combinations of cytotoxic chemotherapy plus anti-EGFR or anti-VEGF drugs. In spite of the improvements in clinical outcomes achieved in the last decade, these are the result of multiple new combinations using the existing therapeutic options and the introduction of regorafenib and TAS-102 in second or later lines of treatment. As immunotherapies are limited to less than 5% of CRC patients harboring tumors with deficient mismatch repair, there is an urgent need of finding new drugs to increase our patients' survival opportunities. Among all the natural products that are candidates to be used for the treatment of CRC cancer, curcumin (the golden spice) is in the spotlight. Used for centuries in the Ayurveda medicine, its demonstrated anticancer properties and low toxicity profile made it the focus of hundreds of preclinical and clinical investigations. So far we know that it can be combined with most of the aforementioned drugs in a safe and synergistic way. Regretfully, its poor bioavailability has been one of the main issues for its successful introduction in the clinic. Nevertheless, a plethora of new formulations with a huge increase in bioavailability are under study with promising results. In this review we discuss the possibility of incorporating curcumin in the treatment of CRC; specifically, we review preclinical and clinical data supporting its possible combination with current therapies as well as new formulations under clinical study. It is time for the golden spice revolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicenç Ruiz de Porras
- B-ARGO Group, Medical Oncology Service, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Ctra. Del Canyet s/n, 08916, Badalona, Spain; Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Ctra. De Can Ruti, camí de les escoles s/n, 08916, Badalona, Spain.
| | - Laura Layos
- B-ARGO Group, Medical Oncology Service, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Ctra. Del Canyet s/n, 08916, Badalona, Spain; Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Ctra. De Can Ruti, camí de les escoles s/n, 08916, Badalona, Spain; Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Catalan Institute of Oncology, Ctra. De Can Ruti, camí de les escoles s/n, 08916, Badalona, Spain.
| | - Eva Martínez-Balibrea
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Ctra. De Can Ruti, camí de les escoles s/n, 08916, Badalona, Spain; Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Catalan Institute of Oncology, Ctra. De Can Ruti, camí de les escoles s/n, 08916, Badalona, Spain; Program of Predictive and Personalized Cancer Medicine (PMPPC), IGTP, Ctra. De Can Ruti, camí de les escoles s/n, 08916, Badalona, Spain.
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30
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Das PK, Zahan T, Abdur Rakib M, Khanam JA, Pillai S, Islam F. Natural Compounds Targeting Cancer Stem Cells: A Promising Resource for Chemotherapy. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 19:1796-1808. [PMID: 31272363 DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666190704111714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) are the subpopulation of cancer cells which are directly involved in drug resistance, metastases to distant organ and cancer recurrence. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted through various electronic databases including, Pubmed, Scopus, Google scholar using the keywords "cancer stem cells" and "natural compounds" in the present study. Articles published between 1999 and 2019 were reviewed. All the expositions concerning CSCs associated cancer pathogenesis and therapy resistance, as well as targeting these properties of CSCs by natural compounds were selected for the current study. RESULTS Natural compounds have always been thought as a rich source of biologically active principles, which target aberrantly activated signaling pathways and other modalities of CSCs, while tethering painful side effects commonly involved in the first-line and second-line chemo-radiotherapies. In this review, we have described the key signaling pathways activated in CSCs to maintain their survival and highlighted how natural compounds interrupt these signaling pathways to minimize therapy resistance, pathogenesis and cancer recurrence properties of CSCs, thereby providing useful strategies to treat cancer or aid in cancer therapy improvement. Like normal stem cells, CSCs rely on different signaling pathways and other properties for their maintenance. Therefore, the success of cancer treatment depends on the development of proper anti-neoplastic drugs capable of intercepting those signaling pathways as well as other properties of CSCs in order to eradicate this evasive subpopulation of cancer cells. CONCLUSION Compounds of natural origin might act as an outstanding source to design novel therapies against cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Plabon K Das
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh
| | - Tasnim Zahan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abdur Rakib
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh
| | - Jahan A Khanam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh
| | - Suja Pillai
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Farhadul Islam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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31
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Dalpiaz A, Paganetto G, Botti G, Pavan B. Cancer stem cells and nanomedicine: new opportunities to combat multidrug resistance? Drug Discov Today 2020; 25:1651-1667. [PMID: 32763499 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
'Multidrug resistance' (MDR) is a difficult challenge for cancer treatment. The combined role of cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) and active efflux transporters (AETs) in cancer cells appears relevant in inducing MDR. Chemotherapeutic drugs can be substrates of both CYPs and AETs and CYP inducers or inhibitors can produce the same effects on AETs. In addition, a small subpopulation of cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) appears to survive conventional chemotherapy, leading to recurrent disease. Natural products appear efficacious against CSCs; their combinational treatments with standard chemotherapy are promising for cancer eradication, in particular when supported by nanotechnologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Dalpiaz
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Paganetto
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giada Botti
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Barbara Pavan
- Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
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32
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Buhrmann C, Yazdi M, Bashiri Dezfouli A, Samani Sahraneshin F, Ebrahimi SM, Hamidollah Ghaffari S, Yaghmaie M, Barin A, Shakibaei M, Shayan P. Significant decrease in the viability and tumor stem cell marker expression in tumor cell lines treated with curcumin. J Herb Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2020.100339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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33
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A Pilot Study of the Predictive Potential of Chemosensitivity and Gene Expression Assays Using Circulating Tumour Cells from Patients with Recurrent Ovarian Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134813. [PMID: 32646060 PMCID: PMC7370156 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumour cells (CTCs) from liquid biopsies are under current investigation in several cancers, including epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) but face significant drawbacks in terms of non-standardised methodology, low viable cell numbers and accuracy of CTC identification. In this pilot study, we report that chemosensitivity assays using liquid biopsy-derived metastatic EOC CTCs, from 10 patients, nine with stage IIIC and one with stage IV disease, in progression after systemic chemotherapy, submitted for hypoxic isolated abdominal perfusion (HAP), are both feasible and useful in predicting response to therapy. Viable metastatic EOC CTCs (>5 cells/mL for all 10 blood samples), enriched by transient culture and identified by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and indirect immunofluorescence (IF), were subjected to flow cytometry-based Annexin V-PE assays for chemosensitivity to several chemotherapeutic agents and by RT-PCR for tumour gene expression profiling. Using a cut-off value of >80% cell death, CTC chemosensitivity tests were predictive of patient RECIST 1.1 responses to HAP therapy associated with 100% sensitivity, 50% specificity, 33% positive predictive, 100% negative predictive and 60% accuracy values. We propose that the methodology employed in this study is feasible and has the potential to predict response to therapy, setting the stage for a larger study.
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Khatoon E, Banik K, Harsha C, Sailo BL, Thakur KK, Khwairakpam AD, Vikkurthi R, Devi TB, Gupta SC, Kunnumakkara AB. Phytochemicals in cancer cell chemosensitization: Current knowledge and future perspectives. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 80:306-339. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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35
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Abu N, Othman N, W Hon K, Nazarie WF, Jamal R. Integrative meta-analysis for the identification of hub genes in chemoresistant colorectal cancer. Biomark Med 2020; 14:525-537. [PMID: 32462912 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2019-0241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Finding a new target or a new drug to overcome chemoresistance is difficult due to the heterogenous nature of cancer. Meta-analysis was performed to combine the analysis of different microarray studies to get a robust discovery. Materials & methods: Herein, we analyzed three microarray datasets on combination of folinic acid, fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin drugs (FOLFOX) resistance that fit our inclusion/exclusion criteria and performed a meta-analysis using the OmiCC system. Results: We identified several deregulated genes and we discovered HNF4A as a hub gene. We performed functional validation and observed that by targeting HNF4A, HCT116 cells were more sensitive toward both oxaliplatin and 5-fluorouracil significantly. Conclusion: Our findings show that HNF4A could be a potential target in overcoming FOLFOX chemoresistance in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadiah Abu
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Norahayu Othman
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kha W Hon
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wan Fwm Nazarie
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rahman Jamal
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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36
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Xu T, Guo P, He Y, Pi C, Wang Y, Feng X, Hou Y, Jiang Q, Zhao L, Wei Y. Application of curcumin and its derivatives in tumor multidrug resistance. Phytother Res 2020; 34:2438-2458. [PMID: 32255545 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Malignant tumor endangers seriously the health of all mankind. Multidrug resistance (MDR) is one of the main causes of clinical tumor chemotherapy failure. Curcumin (CUR) has not only antitumor activity but also reversing tumor MDR effect. CUR reverses tumor MDR via regulating related signal pathways or corresponding expressed proteins or gene. When combined with chemotherapeutic agents, CUR can be a chemotherapeutic sensitive agent to enhance chemotherapy efficacy and weaken tumor MDR. On the other hand, to improve the MDR reversal effect of CUR, its derivatives have been extensively studied. Therefore, this article mainly focuses on reviewing the application of CUR and its derivatives in MDR and its mechanism of reversing MDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Pu Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingmeng He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Pi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianhu Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Hou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingsheng Jiang
- School of International Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yumeng Wei
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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Calebin A Potentiates the Effect of 5-FU and TNF-β (Lymphotoxin α) against Human Colorectal Cancer Cells: Potential Role of NF-κB. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072393. [PMID: 32244288 PMCID: PMC7177530 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The majority of chemotherapeutic agents stimulate NF-κB signaling that mediates cell survival, proliferation and metastasis. The natural turmeric non-curcuminoid derivate Calebin A has been shown to suppress cell growth, invasion and colony formation in colorectal cancer cells (CRC) by suppression of NF-κB signaling. Therefore, we hypothesized here that Calebin A might chemosensitize the TNF-β-treated tumor cells and potentiates the effect of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) in advanced CRC. Materials and Methods: CRC cells (HCT116) and their clonogenic 5-FU chemoresistant counterparts (HCT116R) were cultured in monolayer or alginate-based 3D tumor environment culture and were treated with/without Calebin A, TNF-β, 5-FU, BMS-345541 and DTT (dithiothreitol). Results: The results showed that TNF-β increased proliferation, invasion and resistance to apoptosis in chemoresistant CRC cells. Pretreatment with Calebin A significantly chemosensitized HCT116R to 5-FU and inhibited the TNF-β-induced enhanced efforts for survival, invasion and anti-apoptotic effects. We found further that Calebin A significantly suppressed TNF-β-induced phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of p65-NF-κB, similar to BMS-345541 (specific IKK inhibitor) and NF-κB-induced tumor-promoting biomarkers (NF-κB, β1-Integrin, MMP-9, CXCR4, Ki67). This was associated with increased apoptosis in HCT116 and HCT116R cells. Furthermore, blocking of p65-NF-κB stimulation by Calebin A was imparted through the downmodulation of p65-NF-κB binding to the DNA and this suppression was turned by DTT. Conclusion: Our findings indicate, for the first time, that Calebin A chemosensitizes human CRC cells to chemotherapy by targeting of the p65-NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Farhana L, Sarkar S, Nangia-Makker P, Yu Y, Khosla P, Levi E, Azmi A, Majumdar APN. Natural agents inhibit colon cancer cell proliferation and alter microbial diversity in mice. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229823. [PMID: 32196510 PMCID: PMC7083314 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study was undertaken to investigate the effect of differentially formulated polyphenolic compound Essential Turmeric Oil-Curcumin (ETO-Cur), and Tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) of vitamin E isomers on colorectal cancer (CRC) cells that produce aggressive tumors. Combinations of ETO-Cur and TRF were used to determine the combinatorial effects of ETO-Cur and TRF-mediated inhibition of growth of CRC cells in vitro and HCT-116 cells xenograft in SCID mice. 16S rRNA gene sequence profiling was performed to determine the outcome of gut microbial communities in mice feces between control and ETO-Cur-TRF groups. Bacterial identifications were validated by performing SYBR-based Real Time (RT) PCR. For metagenomics analysis to characterize the microbial communities, multiple software/tools were used, including Quantitative Insights into Microbial Ecology (QIIME) processing tool. We found ETO-Cur and TRF to synergize and that the combination of ETO-Cur-TRF significantly inhibited growth of HCT-116 xenografts in SCID mice. This was associated with a marked alteration in microbial communities and increased microbial OTU (operation taxonomic unit) number. The relative abundance of taxa was increased and the level of microbial diversity after 34 days of combinatorial treatment was found to be 44% higher over the control. Shifting of microbial family composition was observed in ETO-Cur-TRF treated mice as evidenced by marked reductions in Bacteroidaceae, Ruminococcaceae, Clostridiales, Firmicutes and Parabacteroids families, compared to controls. Interestingly, during the inhibition of tumor growth in ETO-Cur treated mice, probiotic Lactobacillaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae were increased by 20-fold and 6-fold, respectively. The relative abundance of anti-inflammatory Clostridium XIVa was also increased in ETO-Cur-TRF treated mice when compared with the control. Our data suggest that ETO-Cur-TRF show synergistic effects in inhibiting colorectal cancer cell proliferation in vitro and in mouse xenografts in vivo, and might induce changes in microbial diversity in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Farhana
- John D Dingell Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Sarah Sarkar
- John D Dingell Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Pratima Nangia-Makker
- John D Dingell Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Yingjie Yu
- John D Dingell Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Pramod Khosla
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Edi Levi
- John D Dingell Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Asfar Azmi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Adhip P. N. Majumdar
- John D Dingell Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
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Abyarghamsari M, Hosseini Shirazi F, Tavakoli-Ardakani M, Rezvani H, Mirzaei HR, Salamzadeh J. Study of the Relationship between ERCC1 Polymorphisms and Response to Platinum-based Chemotherapy in Iranian Patients with Colorectal and Gastric Cancers. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2020; 18:2163-2171. [PMID: 32184881 PMCID: PMC7059040 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2019.1100827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the effect of excision repair cross complementing group 1 (ERCC1) rs11615 codon 118C/T gene polymorphisms on treatment outcomes in Iranian patients receiving oxaliplatin-based regimens for colorectal (CRC) and gastric cancers (GC). Patients, who were candidates to receive oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy, entered into the study. In 2-week intervals, the patients received combination regimen of oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and leucovorin (FOLFOX) for 3 months. ERCC1 rs11615 codon 118C/T polymorphism was tested by restriction fragment length polymorphism polymerase chain reaction (RFLP-PCR) method using patients’ peripheral blood lymphocytes. The tumor response to chemotherapy was evaluated by examining the size of the tumor using CT scan. Association between response rates, according to the RECIST criteria, and patients’ genotypes was evaluated. Any relationship between response rate and possible explanatory factors was also determined. Overall, 40 patients (13 females (32.5%), and 27 males (67.5%)) enrolled in the study. Four patients (10.0%) carried the homozygous mutation (T/T genotype), ten patients (25.0%) were heterozygous (C/T genotype), and twenty-six patients (65%) were homozygous (C/C genotype). Response rate were 30.77%, 20.00%, and 0.00% for the genotypes C/C, C/T, and T/T, respectively. No significant association between response rate and genotypes was observed (p = 0.64). Patients with well- and moderately-differentiated histological grade of the tumor showed a better response rate (100.00% of 2 patients and 66.66% of 12 patients, respectively) compared to those with poorly differentiated (0.00% of 26 patients) histological grade (p < 0.001). Further multicenter studies are recommended to confirm conclusively our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdiye Abyarghamsari
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medial Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshad Hosseini Shirazi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maria Tavakoli-Ardakani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medial Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Rezvani
- Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medial Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Mirzaei
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jamshid Salamzadeh
- Food Safety Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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40
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Shahcheraghi SH, Zangui M, Lotfi M, Ghayour-Mobarhan M, Ghorbani A, Jaliani HZ, Sadeghnia HR, Sahebkar A. Therapeutic Potential of Curcumin in the Treatment of Glioblastoma Multiforme. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:333-342. [PMID: 30864499 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190313123704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor. Despite standard multimodality treatment, the highly aggressive nature of GBM makes it one of the deadliest human malignancies. The anti-cancer effects of dietary phytochemicals like curcumin provide new insights to cancer treatment. Evaluation of curcumin's efficacy against different malignancies including glioblastoma has been a motivational research topic and widely studied during the recent decade. In this review, we discuss the recent observations on the potential therapeutic effects of curcumin against glioblastoma. Curcumin can target multiple signaling pathways involved in developing aggressive and drug-resistant features of glioblastoma, including pathways associated with glioma stem cell activity. Notably, combination therapy with curcumin and chemotherapeutics like temozolomide, the GBM standard therapy, as well as radiotherapy has shown synergistic response, highlighting curcumin's chemo- and radio-sensitizing effect. There are also multiple reports for curcumin nanoformulations and targeted forms showing enhanced therapeutic efficacy and passage through blood-brain barrier, as compared with natural curcumin. Furthermore, in vivo studies have revealed significant anti-tumor effects, decreased tumor size and increased survival with no notable evidence of systemic toxicity in treated animals. Finally, a pharmacokinetic study in patients with GBM has shown a detectable intratumoral concentration, thereby suggesting a potential for curcumin to exert its therapeutic effects in the brain. Despite all the evidence in support of curcumin's potential therapeutic efficacy in GBM, clinical reports are still scarce. More studies are needed to determine the effects of combination therapies with curcumin and importantly to investigate the potential for alleviating chemotherapy- and radiotherapy-induced adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Hossein Shahcheraghi
- Department of Modern Sciences & Technologies, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Infectious Diseases Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mahtab Zangui
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Marzieh Lotfi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medicine Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ghorbani
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Zarei Jaliani
- Protein Engineering Laboratory, Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Sadeghnia
- Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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41
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Jeyaraman S, Hanif EAM, Ab Mutalib NS, Jamal R, Abu N. Circular RNAs: Potential Regulators of Treatment Resistance in Human Cancers. Front Genet 2020; 10:1369. [PMID: 32047511 PMCID: PMC6997550 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) which were once considered as "junk" are now in the spotlight as a potential player in regulating human diseases, especially cancer. With the development of high throughput technologies in recent years, the full potential of circRNAs is being uncovered. CircRNAs possess some unique characteristics and advantageous properties that could benefit medical research and clinical applications. CircRNAs are stable with covalently closed loops that are resistant to ribonucleases, have disease stage-specific expressions and are selectively abundant in different types of tissues. Interestingly, the presence of circRNAs in different types of treatment resistance in human cancers was recently observed with the involvement of a few key pathways. The activation of certain pathways by circRNAs may give new insights to treatment resistance management. The potential usage of circRNAs from this aspect is very much in its infancy stage and has not been fully validated. This mini-review attempts to highlight the possible role of circRNAs as regulators of treatment resistance in human cancers based on its intersection molecules and cancer-related regulatory networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivapriya Jeyaraman
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), UKM Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Rahman Jamal
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), UKM Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nadiah Abu
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), UKM Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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42
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Li M, Yue GGL, Luo L, Tsui SKW, Fung KP, Ng SSM, Lau CBS. Turmeric Is Therapeutic in Vivo on Patient-Derived Colorectal Cancer Xenografts: Inhibition of Growth, Metastasis, and Tumor Recurrence. Front Oncol 2020; 10:574827. [PMID: 33552955 PMCID: PMC7856407 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.574827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third most frequently diagnosed cancer worldwide. Clinically, chemotherapeutic agents such as FOLFOX are the mainstay of colorectal cancer treatment. However, the side effects including toxicity of FOLFOX stimulated the enthusiasm for developing adjuvants, which exhibit better safety profile. Turmeric extract (TE), which has been previously shown to suppress the growth of human and murine colon xenografts, was further demonstrated here for its inhibitory effects on colon cancer patient-derived xenografts (PDX). PDX models were successfully established from tissues of colon cancer patients and the PDX preserved the heterogeneous architecture through passages. NOD/SCID mice bearing PDX were treated either with TE or FOLFOX and differential responses toward these treatments were observed. The growth of PDX, metastasis and tumor recurrence in PDX-bearing mice were suppressed after TE treatments with 60% anti-tumor response rate and 83.3% anti-metastasis rate. Mechanistic studies showed that TE reduced tumor cell proliferation, induced cell apoptosis, inhibited metastasis via modulating multiple targets, such as molecules involved in Wnt and Src pathways, EMT and EGFR-related pathways. Nevertheless, FOLFOX treatments inhibited the PDX growth with sharp decreases of mice body weight and only mild anti-metastasis activities were observed. Furthermore, in order to have a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms, network pharmacology was utilized to predict potential targets and mechanism. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated for the first time that oral TE treatment was effective to suppress the growth of colon PDX and the recurrence of colon tumors in mice. The findings obtained from this clinically relevant PDX model would certainly provide valuable information for the potential clinical use of TE in colorectal cancer patients. The application of PDX model was well illustrated here as a good platform to verify the efficacy of multi-targeted herbal extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Li
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Grace Gar-Lee Yue
- Institute of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lianxiang Luo
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | | | - Kwok-Pui Fung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Simon Siu-Man Ng
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Clara Bik-San Lau
- Institute of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- *Correspondence: Clara Bik-San Lau,
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43
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Mohd-Zahid MH, Mohamud R, Che Abdullah CA, Lim J, Alem H, Wan Hanaffi WN, Z. A. I. Colorectal cancer stem cells: a review of targeted drug delivery by gold nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ra08192e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The proposed schematic mechanismviawhich 5-fluorouracil-loaded gold nanoparticles conjugated with CD133 antibody target colorectal cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manali Haniti Mohd-Zahid
- Department of Chemical Pathology
- School of Medical Sciences
- Universiti Sains Malaysia
- 16150 Kubang Kerian
- Malaysia
| | - Rohimah Mohamud
- Department of Immunology
- School of Medical Sciences
- Universiti Sains Malaysia
- 16150 Kubang Kerian
- Malaysia
| | | | - JitKang Lim
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Universiti Sains Malaysia
- 14300 Nibong Tebal
- Malaysia
| | - Halima Alem
- Institut Jean Lamour (IJL, UMR 7198)
- Université de Lorraine
- CNRS
- F-54011 Nancy Cedex
- France
| | | | - Iskandar Z. A.
- Department of Chemical Pathology
- School of Medical Sciences
- Universiti Sains Malaysia
- 16150 Kubang Kerian
- Malaysia
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44
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Zhu M, Jiang B, Yan D, Wang X, Ge H, Sun Y. Knockdown of TMEM45A overcomes multidrug resistance and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human colorectal cancer cells through inhibition of TGF-β signalling pathway. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2019; 47:503-516. [PMID: 31788833 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC), a leading cause of cancer death, has recently been known as the most prevalent malignancy worldwide. Although chemotherapy is an important therapeutic option for CRC patients, multidrug resistance (MDR) still remains a major cause of chemotherapy failure. Transmembrane protein 45A (TMEM45A) has been found highly expressed in various cancers, and is also proposed as an interesting biomarker for chemoresistance. However, the association between TMEM45A and MDR in CRC remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the key role of TMEM45A in CRC by knockdown of its expression in 5-FU-resistant CRC cells (HCT-8/5-FU and SW480/5-FU) and their parental cells (HCT-8 and SW480). Data showed that TMEM45A was significantly up-regulated in HCT-8/5-FU and SW480/5-FU cells in comparison with their parental HCT-8 and SW480 cells. Knockdown of TMEM45A enhanced 5-FU sensitivity and 5-FU-induced apoptosis in HCT-8/5-FU and SW480/5-FU cells. It was also found that inhibition of TMEM45A increased the intracellular accumulation of Rhodamine-123 and down-regulated the expression of MDR1 in HCT-8/5-FU and SW480/5-FU cells. In addition, knockdown of TMEM45A suppressed migration and invasion of HCT-8/5-FU and SW480/5-FU cells. Furthermore, knockdown of TMEM45A not only attenuated MDR-enhanced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), but also suppressed MDR-enhanced activation of the TGF-β signalling pathway in HCT-8/5-FU and SW480/5-FU cells. Taken together, our study suggests that knockdown of TMEM45A can effectively overcome MDR and inhibit EMT via suppression of the TGF-β signalling pathway in human CRC cells, and that targeting TMEM45A will be a potential strategy in the treatment of MDR in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Baofei Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Dongsheng Yan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Xiaopeng Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Hengfa Ge
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Yueming Sun
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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45
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Genovese S, Epifano F, Preziuso F, Slater J, Nangia-Makker P, Majumdar APN, Fiorito S. Gercumin synergizes the action of 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin against chemoresistant human cancer colon cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 522:95-99. [PMID: 31740005 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.11.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Advanced colon cancer is extremely difficult to cure, underscoring the need to develop novel therapeutic agents. Prenylated curcumins that are semisynthetic curcumin derivatives with significant anti-cancer potential have been studied herein to assess their therapeutic potential for colon cancer and tested to this aim in vitro for their growth inhibitory properties against 5-fluorouracil + oxaliplatin resistant human colon cancer CR-HT29 and HCT-116 cells. The resulting most active product, gercumin (mono-O-geranylcurcumin), has been further tested for its synergistic effects with FOLFOX (a combination of 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin) on the same cell lines. Activity of this combination on colonosphere formation was also investigated. Gercumin was able to suppress the growth of cancer cells with a potency similar to that of curcumin. A synergistic effect of this compound and FOLFOX was also observed. doses tested for synergy in the colonosphere assays did not show greater suppression of colonosphere formation than independent treatment with either reagent alone. Only one of the combinations was shown to be more effective at suppressing colonosphere formation [gercumin 5 μM + FOLFOX (2x)]. Thus, the growth inhibitory effects of curcumin against human cancer cells can be modulated and enhanced by the introduction of hydrophobic chains, normally found in several natural compounds, like the geranyl one. Such compounds are also able to synergize with known chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Genovese
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università"G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesco Epifano
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università"G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Francesca Preziuso
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università"G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Jill Slater
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Michigan-Flint, Michigan, USA
| | - Pratima Nangia-Makker
- VA Medical Center, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Adhip P N Majumdar
- VA Medical Center, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Serena Fiorito
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università"G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
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46
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Hon KW, Ab-Mutalib NS, Abdullah NMA, Jamal R, Abu N. Extracellular Vesicle-derived circular RNAs confers chemoresistance in Colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16497. [PMID: 31712601 PMCID: PMC6848089 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53063-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemo-resistance is associated with poor prognosis in colorectal cancer (CRC), with the absence of early biomarker. Exosomes are microvesicles released by body cells for intercellular communication. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are non-coding RNAs with covalently closed loops and enriched in exosomes. Crosstalk between circRNAs in exosomes and chemo-resistance in CRC remains unknown. This research aims to identify exosomal circRNAs associated with FOLFOX-resistance in CRC. FOLFOX-resistant HCT116 CRC cells (HCT116-R) were generated from parental HCT116 cells (HCT116-P) using periodic drug induction. Exosomes were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Zetasizer and Western blot. Our exosomes were translucent cup-shaped structures under TEM with differential expression of TSG101, CD9, and CD63. We performed circRNAs microarray using exosomal RNAs from HCT116-R and HCT116-P cells. We validated our microarray data using serum samples. We performed drug sensitivity assay and cell cycle analysis to characterize selected circRNA after siRNA-knockdown. Using fold change >2 and p < 0.05, we identified 105 significantly upregulated and 34 downregulated circRNAs in HCT116-R exosomes. Knockdown of circ_0000338 improved the chemo-resistance of CRC cells. We have proposed that circ_0000338 may have dual regulatory roles in chemo-resistant CRC. Exosomal circ_0000338 could be a potential biomarker for further validation in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kha Wai Hon
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Syakima Ab-Mutalib
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nik Muhd Aslan Abdullah
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, UKM Medical Center, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rahman Jamal
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nadiah Abu
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Precision oncotherapy based on liquid biopsies in multidisciplinary treatment of unresectable recurrent rectal cancer: a retrospective cohort study. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2019; 146:205-219. [PMID: 31620896 PMCID: PMC6942036 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-019-03046-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Background Third line innovative systemic treatments and loco-regional chemotherapy by hypoxic pelvic perfusion (HPP) have both been proposed for the treatment of unresectable not responsive recurrent rectal cancer (URRC). In the present study, we have compared the safety and efficacy of HPP/target therapy, using drug regimens selected by liquid biopsy precision oncotherapy, to third-line systemic therapy based on tissue specimens precision oncotherapy. Methods HPP/target therapy regimens were selected based on precision oncotherapy, including assays for chemosensitivity and viability, and qRT-PCR for tumor-related gene expression. In the control group, systemic third-line and further lines of therapy were defined according to clinical and biological parameters. Results From 2007 to 2019, 62 URRC patients were enrolled, comprised of 43 patients in the HPP/target-therapy group and 19 patients in the systemic therapy control group. No HPP related complications were reported and the most common adverse events were skin and bone marrow toxicity. In the HPP/target-therapy group, the ORR was 41.8% whereas in the systemic therapy control group was 15.8%. DCR of the HPP/target-therapy group was significantly improved over the systemic therapy group (P = 0.001), associated with a PFS of 8 vs 4 months (P = 0.009), and OS of 20 vs 8 months (P = 0.046). Conclusions The present data indicate that in URCC patients, the integration of HPP/target-therapy and precision oncotherapy based upon liquid biopsy is as effective and efficacious as third-line treatment in local disease control and, therefore, deserves to be further assessed and compared to conventional systemic treatments in future prospective randomized trials.
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Pendleton EG, Jamasbi RJ, Geusz ME. Tetrahydrocurcumin, Curcumin, and 5-Fluorouracil Effects on Human Esophageal Carcinoma Cells. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2019; 19:1012-1020. [DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666190116141448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Esophageal cancer responds poorly to traditional therapies, and novel treatments are
needed. The phytochemical curcumin is a potential treatment for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
(ESCC). A curcumin metabolite, tetrahydrocurcumin (THCUR), has anti-cancer effects and greater bioavailability
than curcumin.
Objective:
Evaluate THCUR as an anti-cancer agent relative to curcumin and a standard cancer drug,
5-fluorouracil (5-FU), along with treatment interactions.
Materials and Methods:
Assay cell proliferation and viability following individual and combined delivery of
the compounds to three ESSC cell lines (TE-1, TE-8, and KY-5) that have different percentages of Cancer Stem
Cells (CSCs).
Results:
Curcumin was significantly more effective than 5-FU in all three cell lines. It also had the greatest
effect on KY-5 cells, which have the highest CSC properties, consistent with the ability of curcumin to target
CSCs. Effects on ESCC cell proliferation were not detected from 40µM THCUR, a dosage above the IC50 of
curcumin and 5-FU. However, THCUR at this dosage in combination with 5-FU significantly suppressed TE-1
cell proliferation, but 5-FU alone did not. As TE-1 has low CSC properties relative to the two other cell lines, it
was expected to have the least resistance to chemotherapeutic treatments. Surprisingly, TE-1 was the most resistant
to inhibition by 5-FU.
Conclusion:
These results and the greater stability and water solubility of THCUR than curcumin support further
testing of THCUR in combination with standard treatments, particularly for chemoresistant ESCC. In contrast
to concerns that curcuminoids taken by patients through diet or diet supplements might interfere with chemotherapy,
suppression of 5-FU efficacy by curcumin was not observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily G. Pendleton
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, United States
| | - Roudabeh J. Jamasbi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, United States
| | - Michael E. Geusz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, United States
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Luo K, Zhang Y, Xv C, Ji J, Lou G, Guo X, Chen M, Zhang Y, Wei H, Guo M, Huang R, Yu S. Fusobacterium nucleatum, the communication with colorectal cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 116:108988. [PMID: 31112873 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth most common cancer in 2018 with poor prognosis. Fusobacterium nucleatum (F.n), an anaerobe, is found to be enriched in both stools and tumor tissues of CRC patients. As surveys show, tumor initiates before the collection of F.n. In return, F.n helps cancer cells to build up tumor microenvironment and benefit for their chemo-resistant. The elements constituted the tumor environment, including neutrophils, macrophages and lymphocytes, contribute to the existing of tumor cells respectively. However, the integrated and interactive roles of those elements are poorly investigated. The intracellular molecular alteration MSI is a result of F.n infection and the microbiology-molecular pathological epidemiology (MPE) has become a new trend to analysis F.n and tumorigenesis. Chemoresistance of tumor cells is also affected by F.n induced microenvironment, or F.n achieves it directly. Finally, F.n could be a biomarker of CRC. All in all, our review will lay a foundation for the therapy of CRC through the interference of F.n and perspective to follow-up studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangjia Luo
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 150080, Harbin, China.
| | - Yvkun Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 150080, Harbin, China.
| | - Chao Xv
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 150080, Harbin, China.
| | - Jingjing Ji
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 150080, Harbin, China.
| | - Ge Lou
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 150080, Harbin, China.
| | - Xiaorong Guo
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 150080, Harbin, China.
| | - Meilun Chen
- Harbin Medical University, 150086, Harbin, China.
| | | | - Huiying Wei
- Harbin Medical University, 150086, Harbin, China.
| | - Mian Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 150080, Harbin, China.
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 150080, Harbin, China.
| | - Shan Yu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 150080, Harbin, China.
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Mileo AM, Nisticò P, Miccadei S. Polyphenols: Immunomodulatory and Therapeutic Implication in Colorectal Cancer. Front Immunol 2019; 10:729. [PMID: 31031748 PMCID: PMC6470258 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenolic compounds, widely present in fruits, vegetables, and cereals, have potential benefits for human health and are protective agents against the development of chronic/degenerative diseases including cancer. More recently these bioactive molecules have been gaining great interest as anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory agents, mainly in neoplasia where the pro-inflammatory context might promote carcinogenesis. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is considered a major public healthy issue, a leading cause of cancer mortality and morbidity worldwide. Epidemiological, pre-clinical and clinical investigations have consistently highlighted important relationships between large bowel inflammation, gut microbiota (GM), and colon carcinogenesis. Many experimental studies and clinical evidence suggest that polyphenols have a relevant role in CRC chemoprevention, exhibit cytotoxic capability vs. CRC cells and induce increased sensitization to chemo/radiotherapies. These effects are most likely related to the immunomodulatory properties of polyphenols able to modulate cytokine and chemokine production and activation of immune cells. In this review we summarize recent advancements on immunomodulatory activities of polyphenols and their ability to counteract the inflammatory tumor microenvironment. We focus on potential role of natural polyphenols in increasing the cell sensitivity to colon cancer therapies, highlighting the polyphenol-based combined treatments as innovative immunomodulatory strategies to inhibit the growth of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Mileo
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Nisticò
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Miccadei
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
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