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Bi S, Wang X, Tang Y, Lei K, Guo J, Yang N, Wan F, Lü Z, Liu W. Bacterial Communities of the Internal Reproductive and Digestive Tracts of Virgin and Mated Tuta absoluta. INSECTS 2023; 14:779. [PMID: 37887791 PMCID: PMC10606990 DOI: 10.3390/insects14100779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms can affect host reproduction, defense, and immunity through sexual or opportunistic transmission; however, there are few studies on insect reproductive organs and intestinal bacterial communities and their effects on mating. Tuta absoluta is a worldwide quarantine pest that seriously threatens the production of Solanaceae crops, and the microbial community within tomato leafminers remains unclear. In this study, 16s rRNA sequencing was used to analyze bacterial communities related to the reproductive organs and intestinal tracts of tomato leafminers (the sample accession numbers are from CNS0856533 to CNS0856577). Different bacterial communities were found in the reproductive organs and intestinal tracts of females and males. Community ecological analysis revealed three potential signs of bacterial sexual transmission: (1) Mating increased the similarity between male and female sex organs and intestinal communities. (2) The bacteria carried by mated individuals were found in unmated individuals of the opposite sex but not in unmated individuals of the same sex. (3) The bacteria carried by unmated individuals were lost after mating. In addition, the abundances of bacterial communities carried by eggs were significantly higher than those of adult worms. Our results confirm that mating leads to the transfer of bacterial communities in the reproductive organs and gut of tomato leafminers, and suggest that this community strongly influences the reproductive process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyan Bi
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaodi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yanhong Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Kexin Lei
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jianyang Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Nianwan Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Institute of Western Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji 831100, China
| | - Fanghao Wan
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhichuang Lü
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wanxue Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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Zhu X, Zhang L, Li J, He A, You M, You S. Effects of Antibiotic Treatment on the Development and Bacterial Community of the Wolbachia-Infected Diamondback Moth. Evol Bioinform Online 2023; 19:11769343231175269. [PMID: 37324163 PMCID: PMC10265341 DOI: 10.1177/11769343231175269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on the important role of antibiotic treatment in the research of the interaction between Wolbachia and insect hosts, this study aimed to identify the most suitable antibiotic and concentration for Wolbachia elimination in the P. xylostella, and to investigate the effect of Wolbachia and antibiotic treatment on the bacterial community of P. xylostella. Our results showed that the Wolbachia-infected strain was plutWB1 of supergroup B in the P. xylostella population collected in Nepal in this study; 1 mg/mL rifampicin could remove Wolbachia infection in P. xylostella after 1 generation of feeding treatment and the toxic effect was relatively low; among the 29 samples of adult P. xylostella in our study (10 WU samples, 10 WA samples, and 9 WI samples), 52.5% of the sequences were of Firmicutes and 47.5% were of Proteobacteria, with the dominant genera being mainly Carnobacterium (46.2%), Enterobacter (10.1%), and Enterococcus (6.2%); Moreover, antibiotic removal of Wolbachia infection in P. xylostella and transfer to normal conditions for 10 generations no longer significantly affected the bacterial community of P. xylostella. This study provides a theoretical basis for the elimination method of Wolbachia in the P. xylostella, as well as a reference for the elimination method of Wolbachia in other Wolbachia-infected insect species, and a basis for the study of the extent and duration of the effect of antibiotic treatment on the bacterial community of the P. xylostella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Control of Insect Pests, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Control of Insect Pests, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jinyang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Control of Insect Pests, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ao He
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Control of Insect Pests, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Minsheng You
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Control of Insect Pests, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shijun You
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Control of Insect Pests, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
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Zhang LY, Yu H, Fu DY, Xu J, Yang S, Ye H. Mating Leads to a Decline in the Diversity of Symbiotic Microbiomes and Promiscuity Increased Pathogen Abundance in a Moth. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:878856. [PMID: 35633686 PMCID: PMC9133953 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.878856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mating may promote microbial diversity through sexual transmission, while mating-induced immune responses may decrease it. Therefore, the study of mating-induced microbiomes changes under different mating systems is informative to unravel its biological relevance and evolutionary significance. Here, we studied the microbiomes in a community context within the abdomen of Spodoptera frugiperda females using 16S rDNA sequences by setting virgin females, and females mated once, twice, or thrice with the same or different males. Alpha and beta diversities revealed that mating significantly affected the composition of microbiomes in S. frugiperda females, wherein virgin females have the highest diversity, followed by one-time mated females and females mated with multiple males, while females mated repeatedly with the same male showed the lowest diversity. The low diversity in females mated repeatedly with the same male may be due to lower sexual transmission as only mated with one mate and higher immune response from repeated matings. Functional prediction by FAPROTAX and literature searching found 17 possible pathogens and 12 beneficial microbiomes. Multiple mating turned over the abundance of pathogens and beneficial microbes, for example, Enterococcus and Lactobacillus spp. (beneficial) showed higher abundance in virgin females while Morganella and Serratia spp. (pathogens) showed higher abundance in females mated with multiple males. These results suggest that mating causes a decline in the diversity of symbiotic microbiomes and promiscuity incurs a higher pathogen abundance in S. frugiperda females, which may be the result of sexual transmission of bacterial strains and immune responses targeting members of the microbiomes. To our knowledge, we demonstrate microbiomes changes in female insects under virgin and different mating regimes for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luo-Yan Zhang
- Yunnan Academy of Biodiversity, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Yunnan Academy of Biodiversity, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Da-Ying Fu
- Yunnan Academy of Biodiversity, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Yunnan Academy of Biodiversity, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Song Yang
- Yunnan Academy of Biodiversity, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Hui Ye
- School of Ecology and Environment, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
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Castillo AM, Saltonstall K, Arias CF, Chavarria KA, Ramírez-Camejo LA, Mejía LC, De León LF. The Microbiome of Neotropical Water Striders and Its Potential Role in Codiversification. INSECTS 2020; 11:insects11090578. [PMID: 32878094 PMCID: PMC7565411 DOI: 10.3390/insects11090578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary Insects host a highly diverse bacterial community. Although we have a good understanding of the role that this microbiome plays in insects, the composition and diversity of microbiomes associated with Neotropical freshwater insects is virtually unknown. Here, we describe, for the first time, the microbiome associated with six species of Neotropical water striders in Panama. We also performed phylogenetic analyses to explore potential codiversification or coevolution between water strider species and their associated microbiome. We found a diverse microbiome associated with the six species of water striders, with the dominant bacterial taxa belonging to the phyla Proteobacteria and Tenericutes. Although some bacterial lineages were shared across species, some lineages were also uniquely associated with different water strider species. Our results suggest that both environmental variation and host phylogenetic identity are important drivers of the microbiome associated with water striders. Understanding the evolution of the host-microbiome interaction is crucial to our understanding of Neotropical freshwater ecosystems. Abstract Insects host a highly diverse microbiome, which plays a crucial role in insect life. However, the composition and diversity of microbiomes associated with Neotropical freshwater insects is virtually unknown. In addition, the extent to which diversification of this microbiome is associated with host phylogenetic divergence remains to be determined. Here, we present the first comprehensive analysis of bacterial communities associated with six closely related species of Neotropical water striders in Panama. We used comparative phylogenetic analyses to assess associations between dominant bacterial linages and phylogenetic divergence among species of water striders. We found a total of 806 16S rRNA amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), with dominant bacterial taxa belonging to the phyla Proteobacteria (76.87%) and Tenericutes (19.51%). Members of the α- (e.g., Wolbachia) and γ- (e.g., Acinetobacter, Serratia) Proteobacteria, and Mollicutes (e.g., Spiroplasma) were predominantly shared across species, suggesting the presence of a core microbiome in water striders. However, some bacterial lineages (e.g., Fructobacillus, Fluviicola and Chryseobacterium) were uniquely associated with different water strider species, likely representing a distinctive feature of each species’ microbiome. These findings indicate that both host identity and environmental context are important drivers of microbiome diversity in water striders. In addition, they suggest that diversification of the microbiome is associated with diversification in water striders. Although more research is needed to establish the evolutionary consequences of host-microbiome interaction in water striders, our findings support recent work highlighting the role of bacterial community host-microbiome codiversification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anakena M. Castillo
- Centro de Biodiversidad y Descubrimiento de Drogas, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT-AIP), P.O. Box 0843-01103 Panamá 5, Panama; (A.M.C.); (L.A.R.-C.); (L.C.M.)
- Department of Biotechnology, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur 522 510, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Kristin Saltonstall
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, P.O. Box 0843-03092 Amador, Naos, Panama; (K.S.); (C.F.A.); (K.A.C.)
| | - Carlos F. Arias
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, P.O. Box 0843-03092 Amador, Naos, Panama; (K.S.); (C.F.A.); (K.A.C.)
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | - Karina A. Chavarria
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, P.O. Box 0843-03092 Amador, Naos, Panama; (K.S.); (C.F.A.); (K.A.C.)
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Luis A. Ramírez-Camejo
- Centro de Biodiversidad y Descubrimiento de Drogas, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT-AIP), P.O. Box 0843-01103 Panamá 5, Panama; (A.M.C.); (L.A.R.-C.); (L.C.M.)
- Coiba Scientific Station (COIBA-AIP), City of Knowledge, P.O. Box 0843-01853 Balboa, Panama
| | - Luis C. Mejía
- Centro de Biodiversidad y Descubrimiento de Drogas, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT-AIP), P.O. Box 0843-01103 Panamá 5, Panama; (A.M.C.); (L.A.R.-C.); (L.C.M.)
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, P.O. Box 0843-03092 Amador, Naos, Panama; (K.S.); (C.F.A.); (K.A.C.)
| | - Luis F. De León
- Centro de Biodiversidad y Descubrimiento de Drogas, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT-AIP), P.O. Box 0843-01103 Panamá 5, Panama; (A.M.C.); (L.A.R.-C.); (L.C.M.)
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, P.O. Box 0843-03092 Amador, Naos, Panama; (K.S.); (C.F.A.); (K.A.C.)
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
- Coiba Scientific Station (COIBA-AIP), City of Knowledge, P.O. Box 0843-01853 Balboa, Panama
- Correspondence:
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Schneider DI, Ehrman L, Engl T, Kaltenpoth M, Hua-Van A, Le Rouzic A, Miller WJ. Symbiont-Driven Male Mating Success in the Neotropical Drosophila paulistorum Superspecies. Behav Genet 2019; 49:83-98. [PMID: 30456532 PMCID: PMC6327003 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-018-9937-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Microbial symbionts are ubiquitous associates of living organisms but their role in mediating reproductive isolation (RI) remains controversial. We addressed this knowledge gap by employing the Drosophila paulistorum-Wolbachia model system. Semispecies in the D. paulistorum species complex exhibit strong RI between each other and knockdown of obligate mutualistic Wolbachia bacteria in female D. paulistorum flies triggers loss of assortative mating behavior against males carrying incompatible Wolbachia strains. Here we set out to determine whether de novo RI can be introduced by Wolbachia-knockdown in D. paulistorum males. We show that Wolbachia-knockdown D. paulistorum males (i) are rejected as mates by wild type females, (ii) express altered sexual pheromone profiles, and (iii) are devoid of the endosymbiont in pheromone producing cells. Our findings suggest that changes in Wolbachia titer and tissue tropism can induce de novo premating isolation by directly or indirectly modulating sexual behavior of their native D. paulistorum hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela I Schneider
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Center of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstrasse 17, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Lee Ehrman
- Natural Sciences, State University of New York, Purchase College, Purchase, NY, USA
| | - Tobias Engl
- Department for Evolutionary Ecology, Institute for Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz, Germany
| | - Martin Kaltenpoth
- Department for Evolutionary Ecology, Institute for Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz, Germany
| | - Aurélie Hua-Van
- Évolution, Génomes, Comportement, Écologie, CNRS, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Arnaud Le Rouzic
- Évolution, Génomes, Comportement, Écologie, CNRS, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Wolfgang J Miller
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Center of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstrasse 17, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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Elias-Costa AJ, Confalonieri VA, Lanteri AA, Rodriguero MS. Game of clones: Is Wolbachia inducing speciation in a weevil with a mixed reproductive mode? Mol Phylogenet Evol 2018; 133:42-53. [PMID: 30583042 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Parthenogenesis is widely distributed in Metazoa but it is especially frequent in weevils (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) with one fifth of all known cases. Previous studies have shown that in the tribe Naupactini parthenogenetic reproduction most likely originated with an infection of the endoparasitic bacterium Wolbachia pipientis. In particular, Pantomorus postfasciatus possess a mixed reproductive mode: some populations have males while in others they are absent, and females produce clones by thelytoky. To better understand this scenario, we studied the population structure and infection status in 64 individuals of P. postfasciatus from Argentina and Brazil. We sequenced two mitochondrial (COI and COII) and one nuclear (ITS-1) fragments and obtained two very divergent haplogroups, one corresponding to the sexual populations uninfected with Wolbachia, and another conforming a monophyletic parthenogenetic (or presumptively parthenogenetic) and infected clade. Each of these haplogroups was identified as an independently evolutionary unit by all species delimitation analyses accomplished: multilocus *BEAST and BP&P, and single locus GMYC and K/θ rule. Additionally, present evidence suggests that Wolbachia infection occurred at least twice in all-female populations of P. postfasciatus with two different bacterial strains. Speciation mediated by Wolbachia is a recently described phenomenon and the case of P. postfasciatus is the first known case in a diplo-diploid insect. A model that describes how thelytoky-inducing phenotypes of Wolbachia could generate new lineages is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Elias-Costa
- Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, IEGEBA (CONICET-UBA), Intendente Güiraldes y Av. Costanera Norte s/n, 4to. Piso, Pabellón II, Ciudad Universitaria, CI1428 EHA Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - V A Confalonieri
- Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, IEGEBA (CONICET-UBA), Intendente Güiraldes y Av. Costanera Norte s/n, 4to. Piso, Pabellón II, Ciudad Universitaria, CI1428 EHA Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A A Lanteri
- División Entomología, Museo de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque s/n, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - M S Rodriguero
- Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, IEGEBA (CONICET-UBA), Intendente Güiraldes y Av. Costanera Norte s/n, 4to. Piso, Pabellón II, Ciudad Universitaria, CI1428 EHA Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Ali H, Muhammad A, Islam SU, Islam W, Hou Y. A novel bacterial symbiont association in the hispid beetle, Octodonta nipae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), their dynamics and phylogeny. Microb Pathog 2018; 118:378-386. [PMID: 29596879 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The hispid leaf beetle, Octodonta nipae (Maulik), (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), is a devastating pest of palm cultivation worldwide. Endosymbiotic bacteria in the genus Wolbachia are arguably one of the most abundant bacterial group associated with arthropods. Owing to its critical effects on host reproduction, Wolbachia has garnered much attention as a prospective future tool for insect pest management. However, their association, infection dynamics, and functionality remain unknown in this insect pest. Here, we diagnosis for the first time, the infection prevalence, and occurrence of Wolbachia in O. nipae. Experimental evidence by the exploration of wsp gene vindicate that O. nipae is naturally infected with bacterial symbiont of genus Wolbachia, showing a complete maternal inheritance with shared a common Wolbachia strain (wNip). Moreover, MLST (gatB, fbpA, coxA, ftsZ, and hcpA) analysis enabled the detections of new sequence type (ST-484), suggesting a particular genotypic association of O. nipae and Wolbachia. Subsequently, quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assay demonstrated variable infection density across different life stages (eggs, larvae, pupae and adult male and female), body parts (head, thorax, abdomen), and tissues (ovaries, testes, and guts). Infection density was higher in egg and female adult stage, as well as abdomen and reproductive tissues as compared to other samples. Interestingly, Wolbachia harbored dominantly in a female than the male adult, while, no significant differences were observed between male and female body parts and tissues. Phylogeny of Wolbachia infection associated with O. nipae rectified from all tested life stages were unique and fall within the same monophyletic supergroup-A of Wolbachia clades. The infection density of symbiont is among the valuable tool to understand their biological influence on hosts, and this latest discovery would facilitate the future investigations to understand the host-symbiont complications and its prospective role as a microbiological agent to reduce pest populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib Ali
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Abrar Muhammad
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Saif Ul Islam
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Waqar Islam
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Youming Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China.
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Kajtoch Ł, Kotásková N. Current state of knowledge on Wolbachia infection among Coleoptera: a systematic review. PeerJ 2018; 6:e4471. [PMID: 29568706 PMCID: PMC5846457 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite great progress in studies on Wolbachia infection in insects, the knowledge about its relations with beetle species, populations and individuals, and the effects of bacteria on these hosts, is still unsatisfactory. In this review we summarize the current state of knowledge about Wolbachia occurrence and interactions with Coleopteran hosts. Methods An intensive search of the available literature resulted in the selection of 86 publications that describe the relevant details about Wolbachia presence among beetles. These publications were then examined with respect to the distribution and taxonomy of infected hosts and diversity of Wolbachia found in beetles. Sequences of Wolbachia genes (16S rDNA, ftsZ) were used for the phylogenetic analyses. Results The collected publications revealed that Wolbachia has been confirmed in 204 beetle species and that the estimated average prevalence of this bacteria across beetle species is 38.3% and varies greatly across families and genera (0–88% infected members) and is much lower (c. 13%) in geographic studies. The majority of the examined and infected beetles were from Europe and East Asia. The most intensively studied have been two groups of herbivorous beetles: Curculionidae and Chrysomelidae. Coleoptera harbor Wolbachia belonging to three supergroups: F found in only three species, and A and B found in similar numbers of beetles (including some doubly infected); however the latter two were most prevalent in different families. A total of 59% of species with precise data were found to be totally infected. Single infections were found in 69% of species and others were doubly- or multiply-infected. Wolbachia caused numerous effects on its beetle hosts, including selective sweep with host mtDNA (found in 3% of species), cytoplasmic incompatibility (detected in c. 6% of beetles) and other effects related to reproduction or development (like male-killing, possible parthenogenesis or haplodiploidy induction, and egg development). Phylogenetic reconstructions for Wolbachia genes rejected cospeciation between these bacteria and Coleoptera, with minor exceptions found in some Hydraenidae, Curculionidae and Chrysomelidae. In contrast, horizontal transmission of bacteria has been suspected or proven in numerous cases (e.g., among beetles sharing habitats and/or host plants). Discussion The present knowledge about Wolbachia infection across beetle species and populations is very uneven. Even the basic data about infection status in species and frequency of infected species across genera and families is very superficial, as only c. 0.15% of all beetle species have been tested so far. Future studies on Wolbachia diversity in Coleoptera should still be based on the Multi-locus Sequence Typing system, and next-generation sequencing technologies will be important for uncovering Wolbachia relations with host evolution and ecology, as well as with other, co-occurring endosymbiotic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Kajtoch
- Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Nela Kotásková
- Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
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Mariño YA, Verle Rodrigues JC, Bayman P. Wolbachia Affects Reproduction and Population Dynamics of the Coffee Berry Borer (Hypothenemus hampei): Implications for Biological Control. INSECTS 2017; 8:insects8010008. [PMID: 28085049 PMCID: PMC5371936 DOI: 10.3390/insects8010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Wolbachia are widely distributed endosymbiotic bacteria that influence the reproduction and fitness of their hosts. In recent years the manipulation of Wolbachia infection has been considered as a potential tool for biological control. The coffee berry borer (CBB), Hypothenemus hampei, is the most devastating coffee pest worldwide. Wolbachia infection in the CBB has been reported, but until now the role of Wolbachia in CBB reproduction and fitness has not been tested. To address this issue we reared the CBB in artificial diets with and without tetracycline (0.1% w/v) for ten generations. Tetracycline reduced significantly the relative proportion of Wolbachia in the CBB microbiota from 0.49% to 0.04%. This reduction affected CBB reproduction: females fed with tetracycline had significantly fewer progeny, lower fecundity, and fewer eggs per female. Tetracycline also reduced the population growth rate (λ), net reproductive rate (R0), and mean generation time (T) in CBB; the reduction in population growth was mostly due to variation in fertility, according to life time response experiments (LTREs) analysis. Our results suggest that Wolbachia contribute to the reproductive success of the CBB and their manipulation represents a possible approach to CBB biocontrol mediated by microbiome management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yobana A Mariño
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico-Río Piedras, San Juan, PR 00931, USA.
| | - José C Verle Rodrigues
- Center for Excellence in Quarantine and Invasive Species, Agricultural Experimental Station-Río Piedras, Department of Agroenvironmental Sciences, University of Puerto Rico-Mayagüez, 1193 Calle Guayacán, San Juan, PR 00926, USA.
| | - Paul Bayman
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico-Río Piedras, San Juan, PR 00931, USA.
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Mazur MA, Holecová M, Lachowska-Cierlik D, Lis A, Kubisz D, Kajtoch Ł. Selective sweep of Wolbachia and parthenogenetic host genomes - the example of the weevil Eusomus ovulum. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 25:701-711. [PMID: 27438898 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Most parthenogenetic weevil species are postulated to have originated via hybridization, but Wolbachia has also been speculated to play a role via the induction of parthenogenesis. Here, we examine the molecular diversity of Wolbachia and parthenogenetic host genomes. The host species studied here, Eusomus ovulum, is known to be exclusively parthenogenetic and triploid. The E. ovulum populations that we examined had a low genetic diversity of mitochondrial (cytochrome oxidase I gene) and nuclear markers (internal transcribed spacer 2 and elongation factor 1-α gene), and they all were infected by only single bacteria strains (genotyped for five genes according to the multilocus sequence typing system). We found significant signs of linkage disequilibrium and a lack of recombination amongst all of the examined genomes (bacteria and host), which strongly indicates a selective sweep. The lack of heterozygosity in host nuclear genes, missing bisexual populations and selective sweep between the parthenogenetic host and bacteria genomes suggest that parthenogenesis in this species could have originated as a result of infection rather than hybridization. However, the finding that highly similar Wolbachia strains are also present in other parthenogenetic weevils from the same habitat suggests the opposite scenario: bacteria may have infected the already parthenogenetic lineage and taken advantage of the host's unisexual reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Mazur
- Center for Biodiversity Studies, Department of Biosystematics, Opole University, Opole, Poland
| | - M Holecová
- Department of Zoology, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - A Lis
- Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - D Kubisz
- Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ł Kajtoch
- Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
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Yuan X, Jiang YD, Wang GY, Yu H, Zhou WW, Liu S, Yang MF, Cheng J, Gurr GM, Way MO, Zhu ZR. Odorant-Binding Proteins and Chemosensory Proteins from an Invasive Pest Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2016; 45:1276-1286. [PMID: 27569597 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvw111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The rice water weevil, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kuschel (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is a serious pest species both in its original distribution region of northern America and its invaded regions of eastern Asia and southern Europe. The odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) and the chemosensory proteins (CSPs) play important roles in host and mate locating, thus might play a significant role in the success of the species as an invader, which has not been characterized yet. We identified 10 OBPs and 5 CSPs in L. oryzophilus and investigated the expression profiles of these genes in various tissues by quantitative real-time PCR. Five classic OBPs were predominantly expressed in the antennae. CSPs were expressed ubiquitously with particularly high transcript levels in antennae, legs, and wings. Three antenna-specific OBPs (LoOBP1, 8, 11) were up-regulated following 1-3 d of food deprivation and down-regulated afterward. These findings suggest most classic OBPs are likely involved in chemoreception whereas CSPs as well as the minus-C OBPs may have broader physiological functions, which in turn may help to understand the molecular aspects of chemical communication in this invasive insect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Yan-Dong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Gui-Yao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Hang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Wen-Wu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Su Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Mao-Fa Yang
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiaan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Geoff M Gurr
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ) Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Orange, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael O Way
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center, Beaumont, TX
| | - Zeng-Rong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; )
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Abstract
China is the world's fourth-largest country in terms of landmass. Its highly diverse biogeography presents opportunities for many invasive alien insects. However, physical and climate barriers sometimes prevent locally occurring species from spreading. China has 560 confirmed invasive alien species; 125 are insect pests, and 92 of these damage the agricultural ecosystem. The estimated annual economic loss due to alien invasive species is more than $18.9 billion. The most harmful invasive insects exhibit some common characteristics, such as high reproduction, competitive dominance, and high tolerance, and benefit from mutualist facilitation interactions. Regional cropping system structure adjustments have resulted in mono-agricultural ecosystems in cotton and other staple crops, providing opportunities for monophagous insect pests. Furthermore, human dietary shifts to fruits and vegetables and smallholder-based farming systems result in highly diverse agricultural ecosystems, which provide resource opportunities for polyphagous insects. Multiple cropping and widespread use of greenhouses provide continuous food and winter habitats for insect pests, greatly extending their geographic range. The current management system consists of early-warning, monitoring, eradication, and spread blocking technologies. This review provides valuable new synthetic information on integrated management practices based mainly on biological control for a number of invasive species. We encourage farmers and extension workers to be more involved in training and further research for novel protection methods that takes into consideration end users' needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Hao Wan
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; ,
| | - Nian-Wan Yang
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; ,
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13
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Isolation and characterization of three new IS4-family insertion sequences in Wolbachia of insects. Symbiosis 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-015-0323-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Zha X, Zhang W, Zhou C, Zhang L, Xiang Z, Xia Q. Detection and characterization of Wolbachia infection in silkworm. Genet Mol Biol 2014; 37:573-80. [PMID: 25249781 PMCID: PMC4171764 DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572014000400014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Wolbachia naturally infects a wide variety of arthropods, where it plays important roles in host reproduction. It was previously reported that Wolbachia did not infect silkworm. By means of PCR and sequencing we found in this study that Wolbachia is indeed present in silkworm. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that Wolbachia infection in silkworm may have occurred via transfer from parasitic wasps. Furthermore, Southern blotting results suggest a lateral transfer of the wsp gene into the genomes of some wild silkworms. By antibiotic treatments, we found that tetracycline and ciprofloxacin can eliminate Wolbachia in the silkworm and Wolbachia is important to ovary development of silkworm. These results provide clues towards a more comprehensive understanding of the interaction between Wolbachia and silkworm and possibly other lepidopteran insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingfu Zha
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology , College of Biotechnology , Southwest University, Chongqing , P.R. China
| | - Wenji Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology , College of Biotechnology , Southwest University, Chongqing , P.R. China
| | - Chunyan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology , College of Biotechnology , Southwest University, Chongqing , P.R. China
| | - Liying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology , College of Biotechnology , Southwest University, Chongqing , P.R. China
| | - Zhonghuai Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology , College of Biotechnology , Southwest University, Chongqing , P.R. China
| | - Qingyou Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology , College of Biotechnology , Southwest University, Chongqing , P.R. China
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Zug R, Hammerstein P. Bad guys turned nice? A critical assessment of Wolbachia mutualisms in arthropod hosts. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2014; 90:89-111. [PMID: 24618033 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Revised: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Wolbachia are the most abundant bacterial endosymbionts among arthropods. Although maternally inherited, they do not conform to the widespread view that vertical transmission inevitably selects for beneficial symbionts. Instead, Wolbachia are notorious for their reproductive parasitism which, although lowering host fitness, ensures their spread. However, even for reproductive parasites it can pay to enhance host fitness. Indeed, there is a recent upsurge of reports on Wolbachia-associated fitness benefits. Therefore, the question arises how such instances of mutualism are related to the phenotypes of reproductive parasitism. Here, we review the evidence of Wolbachia mutualisms in arthropods, including both facultative and obligate relationships, and critically assess their biological relevance. Although many studies report anti-pathogenic effects of Wolbachia, few actually prove these effects to be relevant to field conditions. We further show that Wolbachia frequently have beneficial and detrimental effects at the same time, and that reproductive manipulations and obligate mutualisms may share common mechanisms. These findings undermine the idea of a clear-cut distinction between Wolbachia mutualism and parasitism. In general, both facultative and obligate mutualisms can have a strong, and sometimes unforeseen, impact on the ecology and evolution of Wolbachia and their arthropod hosts. Acknowledging this mutualistic potential might be the key to a better understanding of some unresolved issues in the study of Wolbachia-host interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Zug
- Institute for Theoretical Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstr. 43, 10115, Berlin, Germany
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17
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Lu F, Kang X, Jiang C, Lou B, Jiang M, Way MO. Isolation and characterization of bacteria from midgut of the rice water weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2013; 42:874-881. [PMID: 24331600 DOI: 10.1603/en13111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Gut bacteria are known to play important and often essential roles in the biology of insects. Theoretically, they can be genetically manipulated, then reintroduced into insects to negatively modify specific biological features. The weevil superfamily Curculionoidea is one of the most species-rich and successful animal groups on earth, but currently the overall knowledge of the bacterial communities in weevils and their associations with hosts is still limited. In this study, we isolated and characterized the bacteria in the midgut of an invasive weevil, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kuschel, by culturing methods. Female adults of this weevil were collected from four different geographic regions of the United States and mainland China. Sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA amplicons demonstrated that the major culturable gut bacteria of rice water weevil are γ-proteobacteria and Bacilli. The gut bacterial composition differs among regions, with many of the bacteria isolated from only a single region while several were detected from more than one region. Overall, the diversity of gut bacteria in rice water weevil is relatively low. The possible origins of certain bacteria are discussed in relation to the weevil, rice plant, and bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Lu
- Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd., Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
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Wolbachia: Can we save lives with a great pandemic? Trends Parasitol 2013; 29:385-93. [PMID: 23845310 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2013.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Revised: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Wolbachia pipientis is the most common bacterial infection in the animal world and wields a vast influence on invertebrate reproduction, sex determination, speciation, and behavior worldwide. These avenues of research have made seminal gains, including the latest use of Wolbachia to alter mosquito populations and a strengthened focus on using anti-Wolbachia therapies against filarial nematode infections. This work is further bolstered by a more refined knowledge of Wolbachia biology spanning mechanisms to relevance. Here we tally the most up-to-date knowledge in the field and review the immense implications that this global infection has for the basic and applied life sciences.
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