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The Electrode Modality Development in Pulsed Electric Field Treatment Facilitates Biocellular Mechanism Study and Improves Cancer Ablation Efficacy. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2017; 2017:3624613. [PMID: 29065589 PMCID: PMC5438864 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3624613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Pulsed electric field treatment is now widely used in diverse biological and medical applications: gene delivery, electrochemotherapy, and cancer therapy. This minimally invasive technique has several advantages over traditional ablation techniques, such as nonthermal elimination and blood vessel spare effect. Different electrodes are subsequently developed for a specific treatment purpose. Here, we provide a systematic review of electrode modality development in pulsed electric field treatment. For electrodes invented for experiment in vitro, sheet electrode and electrode cuvette, electrodes with high-speed fluorescence imaging system, electrodes with patch-clamp, and electrodes with confocal laser scanning microscopy are introduced. For electrodes invented for experiment in vivo, monopolar electrodes, five-needle array electrodes, single-needle bipolar electrode, parallel plate electrodes, and suction electrode are introduced. The pulsed electric field provides a promising treatment for cancer.
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Kulbacka J. Nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEFs) impact and enhanced Photofrin II® delivery in photodynamic reaction in cancer and normal cells. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2015; 12:621-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Tafuto S, von Arx C, De Divitiis C, Maura CT, Palaia R, Albino V, Fusco R, Membrini M, Petrillo A, Granata V, Izzo F. Electrochemotherapy as a new approach on pancreatic cancer and on liver metastases. Int J Surg 2015; 21 Suppl 1:S78-82. [PMID: 26123385 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2015.04.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemotherapy is a local non-thermal treatment for cancer ablation. Currently, many studies and case report have investigated the differences in effectiveness of electrochemotherapy with respect to tumor type, chemotherapeutic drug, and route of drug administration. ESOPE trial validated standard operating procedures [SOP] for ECT using the Cliniporator device and demonstrated that ECT is a simple, highly efficacious, and cost-effective treatment of cutaneous and subcutaneous nodules from different primary tumors for cutaneous or superficial lesions. This review has the purpose to summarize current knowledge about clinical effectiveness of electrochemotherapy and future prospects regarding its use on pancreatic cancer and liver metastasis not only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Tafuto
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Division of Medical Oncology, NCI "Fondazione G. Pascale", Naples, Italy.
| | - Claudia von Arx
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy.
| | - Chiara De Divitiis
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Division of Medical Oncology, NCI "Fondazione G. Pascale", Naples, Italy.
| | - Claire Tracey Maura
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Division of Medical Oncology, NCI "Fondazione G. Pascale", Naples, Italy.
| | - Raffaele Palaia
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Division of Surgical Oncology, NCI "Fondazione G. Pascale", Naples, Italy.
| | - Vittorio Albino
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Division of Surgical Oncology, NCI "Fondazione G. Pascale", Naples, Italy.
| | - Roberta Fusco
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, NCI of Naples, "Fondazione G. Pascale", Naples, Italy.
| | - Massimo Membrini
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Division of Medical Oncology, NCI "Fondazione G. Pascale", Naples, Italy.
| | - Antonella Petrillo
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, NCI of Naples, "Fondazione G. Pascale", Naples, Italy.
| | - Vincenza Granata
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, NCI of Naples, "Fondazione G. Pascale", Naples, Italy.
| | - Francesco Izzo
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Division of Surgical Oncology, NCI "Fondazione G. Pascale", Naples, Italy.
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Tafuto S, von Arx C, De Divitiis C, Tracey MC, Granata V, Palaia R, Albino V, Leongito M, Izzo F. Electrochemotherapy. Front Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2014.00115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Raeisi E, Mir LM. 2-NBDG, a Fluorescent Analogue of Glucose, as a Marker for Detecting Cell Electropermeabilization In Vitro. J Membr Biol 2012; 245:633-42. [DOI: 10.1007/s00232-012-9479-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2012] [Accepted: 06/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Cemazar M, Parkins CS, Holder AL, Chaplin DJ, Tozer GM, Sersa G. Electroporation of human microvascular endothelial cells: evidence for an anti-vascular mechanism of electrochemotherapy. Br J Cancer 2001; 84:565-70. [PMID: 11207055 PMCID: PMC2363761 DOI: 10.1054/bjoc.2000.1625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have indicated that the antitumour effectiveness of electrochemotherapy, a combination of chemotherapeutic drugs with application of high voltage electric pulses applied to the tumour nodule (electroporation), result in a significant reduction in tumour blood flow and may therefore be mediated by an anti-vascular mechanism. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of electroporation with bleomycin or cisplatin on cultured human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1). The sensitivity of HMEC-1 cells to a 5 min treatment by electroporation with bleomycin or cisplatin (8 electric pulses, pulse duration 100 micros, frequency 1 Hz, electric field intensity 1400 V x cm(-1)) was compared to the sensitivity of cells treated continuously for 3 days with drugs alone. HMEC-1 cells were moderately sensitive to continuous exposure to cisplatin, but showed greater sensitivity to bleomycin. Combination of a 5 min drug exposure with electric pulses increased cytotoxicity approximately 10-fold for cisplatin and approximately 5000-fold for bleomycin. The electroporation of HMEC-1 cells with bleomycin for a 5 min exposure was approximately 250-fold better than a continuous exposure to the drug alone. The results of this study indicate that the anti-tumour action of electrochemotherapy is likely to be due, in part, to the highly sensitive response of vascular endothelial cells. Further studies are necessary to identify the determinants of endothelial response and its relationship to the anti-vascular action of electrochemotherapy in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cemazar
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute of Oncology, Zaloska 2, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Kato M, Ioritani N, Suzuki T, Kambe M, Inaba Y, Watanabe R, Sasano H, Orikasa S. Mechanism of anti-tumor effect of combination of bleomycin and shock waves. Jpn J Cancer Res 2000; 91:1065-72. [PMID: 11050479 PMCID: PMC5926264 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2000.tb00886.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously reported marked enhancement of the cytocidal effect of bleomycin (BLM) on cancer cell suspensions in vitro by the combination with shock waves. In this study, we evaluated the synergistic effects on cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis in solid tumors. A spherical piezo-ceramic element was used as the shock wave source, with a pressure peak of 40 MPa. A human colon cancer cell line, SW480 was implanted onto the back of nude mice. Two thousand shock waves were administered to the tumor immediately following an intravenous injection of BLM at a dose of one-tenth of the LD(50). The tumor was extirpated at 3, 6, 12, 24, 72 h and 1 week following shock exposure. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were detected by Ki-67 using antibody MIB-1 and by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP-biotin nick-end labeling (TUNEL) method. The lowest percentage (35.7%) of Ki-67-positive cells appeared 24 h following the treatment. The maximum apoptotic index was detected within 6 h following the treatment. Moreover, numerous large cells with enlarged nuclei were detected histologically. These results suggest that shock waves may enhance chemotherapeutic effects by increasing apoptosis and decreasing cell proliferation in the tumor tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kato
- Department of Urology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
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Jaroszeski MJ, Dang V, Pottinger C, Hickey J, Gilbert R, Heller R. Toxicity of anticancer agents mediated by electroporation in vitro. Anticancer Drugs 2000; 11:201-8. [PMID: 10831279 DOI: 10.1097/00001813-200003000-00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Electroporation is a physical event that temporarily reduces cell membrane barrier properties. Diminished membrane barrier properties are achieved by exposing cells to pulsed electric fields. When a cell has been treated with electric fields it is possible for extracellular agents to gain access to the cell interior. This process has been used in vivo to increase the uptake of chemotherapeutic agents by tumor cells which results in dramatically higher response rates than when drug is used alone. This type of treatment is called electrochemotherapy (ECT); bleomycin is most often used as the drug for this type of treatment. It was hypothesized that electroporation could be used to augment the cytotoxicity of other anticancer agents. Therefore, this study was performed in order to screen 44 different combinations of drug and cell type in vitro to identify drugs that may have higher cytotoxicity when combined with electroporation. Results from seven cell types indicate that the IC50 of bleomycin can be reduced by a factor of 100-5000 when electroporation is used to facilitate internalization. The IC50 values of cisplatin and carboplatin could be reduced by factors ranging from 3 to 13 in six different cell lines as a result of electroporation. These IC50 reductions in multiple cell lines suggest that cisplatin and carboplatin may be effective in vivo as part of ECT treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Jaroszeski
- Department of Surgery, University of South Florida, Tampa 33612-4799, USA.
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