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Seo DY, Lee S, Kim N, Ko KS, Rhee BD, Park BJ, Han J. Morning and evening exercise. Integr Med Res 2013; 2:139-144. [PMID: 28664065 PMCID: PMC5481716 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2013.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Revised: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that exercise may contribute to preventing pathological changes, treating multiple chronic diseases, and reducing mortality and morbidity ratios. Scientific evidence moreover shows that exercise plays a key role in improving health-related physical fitness components and hormone function. Regular exercise training is one of the few strategies that has been strictly adapted in healthy individuals and in athletes. However, time-dependent exercise has different outcomes, based on the exercise type, duration, and hormone adaptation. In the present review, we therefore briefly describe the type, duration, and adaptation of exercise performed in the morning and evening. In addition, we discuss the clinical considerations and indications for exercise training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Yun Seo
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Korea
| | - SungRyul Lee
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Korea
| | - Nari Kim
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Korea
| | - Kyung Soo Ko
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Korea
| | - Byoung Doo Rhee
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Korea
| | - Byung Joo Park
- Division of Leisure and Sports Science, Dong Seo University, Busan, Korea
| | - Jin Han
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Korea
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Viveiros L, Costa EC, Moreira A, Nakamura FY, Aoki MS. Monitoramento do treinamento no judô: comparação entre a intensidade da carga planejada pelo técnico e a intensidade percebida pelo atleta. REV BRAS MED ESPORTE 2011. [DOI: 10.1590/s1517-86922011000400011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
O objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar a percepção referente à intensidade da carga de treinamento planejada pelos técnicos com a percepção de intensidade reportada pelos atletas de Judô. A amostra foi composta por quatro técnicos e 40 atletas da Seleção Brasileira de Judô. A comparação entre a intensidade planejada e a intensidade experienciada foi realizada através da aplicação do método da percepção subjetiva do esforço (PSE) da sessão durante um training camp. Também foram realizadas coletas de sangue para determinação da concentração de lactato sanguíneo. A intensidade da carga de treinamento reportada pelos atletas superou a intensidade planejada pelos técnicos em todas sessões de treinamento. Com relação à concentração de lactato, houve aumento no período pós-treino em todas as sessões do training camp, não havendo diferença entre as sessões. Os resultados do presente estudo demonstram que, embora o programa de treinamento tenha sido elaborado por técnicos experientes, foi detectada diferença entre a intensidade da carga externa planejada pelo técnico e a intensidade da carga interna percebida pelos atletas. Estes dados reforçam a importância do constante monitoramento do treinamento, a fim de maximizar o desempenho de atletas de elite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Viveiros
- Comitê Olímpico Brasileiro; Universidade de São Paulo
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Umeda T, Suzukawa K, Takahashi I, Yamamoto Y, Tanabe M, Kojima A, Katagiri T, Matsuzaka M, Totsuka M, Nakaji S, Sugawara N. Effects of intense exercise on the physiological and mental condition of female university judoists during a training camp. J Sports Sci 2008; 26:897-904. [PMID: 18569555 DOI: 10.1080/02640410801885917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
To clarify the physical and mental fatigue caused by intense exercise and the relationship between the two types of fatigue, we examined changes in anthropometric and biochemical variables, neutrophil function, and the Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaire in 13 female university judoists attending a one-week training camp. Blood glucose, total cholesterol, haemoglobin, leukocyte count, IgG, and phagocytic activity all decreased after the training camp compared with baseline (P < or = 0.046). Aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, and neutrophil oxidative burst activity increased after the training camp (P < or = 0.007). Of the POMS scores, that for Fatigue increased after the training camp (P = 0.041) and that for Vigour decreased (P = 0.042). The changes in several POMS scores correlated with the changes in blood biochemical variables. In particular, the change in Total mood disturbance was negatively associated with changes in myogenic enzymes (P < or = 0.032). Our results suggest that intense exercise during training camps for female judoists leads to the appearance and accumulation of mental and physical fatigue, which are related to each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Umeda
- Department of Social Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
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Moesgaard SG, Holte AV, Mogensen T, Mølbak J, Kristensen AT, Jensen AL, Teerlink T, Reynolds AJ, Olsen LH. Effects of breed, gender, exercise and white-coat effect on markers of endothelial function in dogs. Res Vet Sci 2007; 82:409-15. [PMID: 17092526 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2006.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2006] [Revised: 09/15/2006] [Accepted: 09/17/2006] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This study examines how systemic biomarkers of endothelial function and nitric oxide metabolism are affected by exercise in dogs. Furthermore, breed variation and white-coat effect have been tested by sampling three different dog breeds both in their home and in a clinical setting. Short-term exercise increased plasma nitrate and nitrite (NOx) and von Willebrand factor (vWf). There was significant difference between Pointers and the small dog breeds Cairn Terriers and Cavalier King Charles Spaniels in the general plasma levels of vWf and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA). NOx and vWf were significantly higher when the sample was taken in the laboratory cf. at home, whereas ADMA and L-arginine were significantly lower. In conclusion, both short-term exercise and white-coat effect influence several plasma markers of endothelial function depending also on the breed and gender of the dogs. These findings should be considered in future studies concerning endothelial function in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Moesgaard
- Department of Basic Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, 7 Groennegaardsvej, Frederiksberg C DK-1870, Denmark.
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Moesgaard SG, Pedersen LG, Teerlink T, Häggström J, Pedersen HD. Neurohormonal and Circulatory Effects of Short-Term Treatment with Enalapril and Quinapril in Dogs with Asymptomatic Mitral Regurgitation. J Vet Intern Med 2005. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2005.tb02750.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
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Dubin A, Pozo MO, Edul VSK, Murias G, Canales HS, Barán M, Maskin B, Ferrara G, Laporte M, Estenssoro E. Urinary bladder partial carbon dioxide tension during hemorrhagic shock and reperfusion: an observational study. CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2005; 9:R556-61. [PMID: 16277718 PMCID: PMC1297623 DOI: 10.1186/cc3797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2005] [Revised: 07/20/2005] [Accepted: 07/25/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Continuous monitoring of bladder partial carbon dioxide tension (PCO2) using fibreoptic sensor technology may represent a useful means by which tissue perfusion may be monitored. In addition, its changes might parallel tonometric gut PCO2. Our hypothesis was that bladder PCO2, measured using saline tonometry, will be similar to ileal PCO2 during ischaemia and reperfusion. Method Six anaesthetized and mechanically ventilated sheep were bled to a mean arterial blood pressure of 40 mmHg for 30 min (ischaemia). Then, blood was reinfused and measurements were repeated at 30 and 60 min (reperfusion). We measured systemic and gut oxygen delivery and consumption, lactate and various PCO2 gradients (urinary bladder–arterial, ileal–arterial, mixed venous–arterial and mesenteric venous–arterial). Both bladder and ileal PCO2 were measured using saline tonometry. Results After bleeding systemic and intestinal oxygen supply dependency and lactic acidosis ensued, along with elevations in PCO2 gradients when compared with baseline values (all values in mmHg; bladder ΔPCO2 3 ± 3 versus 12 ± 5, ileal ΔPCO2 9 ± 5 versus 29 ± 16, mixed venous–arterial PCO2 5 ± 1 versus 13 ± 4, and mesenteric venous–arterial PCO2 4 ± 2 versus 14 ± 4; P < 0.05 versus basal for all). After blood reinfusion, PCO2 gradients returned to basal values except for bladder ΔPCO2, which remained at ischaemic levels (13 ± 7 mmHg). Conclusion Tissue and venous hypercapnia are ubiquitous events during low flow states. Tonometric bladder PCO2 might be a useful indicator of tissue hypoperfusion. In addition, the observed persistence of bladder hypercapnia after blood reinfusion may identify a territory that is more susceptible to reperfusion injury. The greatest increase in PCO2 gradients occurred in gut mucosa. Moreover, the fact that ileal ΔPCO2 was greater than the mesenteric venous–arterial PCO2 suggests that tonometrically measured PCO2 reflects mucosal rather than transmural PCO2. Ileal ΔPCO2 appears to be the more sensitive marker of ischaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaldo Dubin
- Medical Director, Intensive Care Unit, Sanatorio Otamendi y Miroli, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mario O Pozo
- Staff physician, Intensive Care Unit, Clínicas Bazterrica y Santa Isabel, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Vanina S Kanoore Edul
- Research Fellow, Cátedra de Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Gastón Murias
- Staff physician, Intensive Care Unit, Clínicas Bazterrica y Santa Isabel, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Héctor S Canales
- Staff physician, Intensive Care Unit, Hospital San Martín de La Plata, Argentina
| | - Marcelo Barán
- Medical Director, Renal Transplantation Unit, CRAI Sur, CUCAIBA, Argentina
| | - Bernardo Maskin
- Medical Director, Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Posadas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gonzalo Ferrara
- Resident, Intensive Care Unit, Hospital San Martín de La Plata, Argentina
| | - Mercedes Laporte
- Medical Director, Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Hospital San Martín de La Plata, Argentina
| | - Elisa Estenssoro
- Medical Director, Intensive Care Unit, Hospital San Martín de La Plata, Argentina
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Moriguchi T, Tomoda A, Ichimura S, Odagiri Y, Inoue S, Nagasawa T, Tanaka H, Nakagawa N, Shimomitsu T. Significance of post-exercise increment of urinary bicarbonate and pH in subjects loaded with submaximal cycling exercise. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2004; 202:203-11. [PMID: 15065646 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.202.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We studied the changes in urinary bicarbonate, urinary pH and some physical parameters such as minute ventilation (VE), oxygen consumption (VO2), respiratory carbon dioxide (VCO2), heart rate, blood pressure, and blood lactate, before and after the submaximal exercise. Six male subjects aged 28-33 years were involved in the study. They performed the incremental exercise test using a bicycle ergometer until exhaustion. Levels of VE, VO2, VCO2, heart rate, and blood pressure increased continuously with an increase in cycling intensity. These parameters markedly decreased and reached the baseline levels within 5-10 minutes after the termination of exercise. According to an increase in cycling intensity, blood lactate increased continuously during exercise, but after termination of exercise the return of lactate to the baseline level was markedly retarded. Urinary bicarbonate and pH were within the range of those at 0 time (baseline levels) from the beginning until 30 minutes after the exercise. However, they began to increase abruptly about 30 minutes after the exercise, and continued to increase extensively for 2 hours thereafter. Such marked increase in urinary bicarbonate and pH seemed to be correlated with the aerobic metabolism of lactate in the muscles, liver, and kidney, finally producing CO2. It was also suggested that the measurement of urinary bicarbonate and pH may be useful for the estimation of physiological changes in the body after submaximal incremental cycling exercise loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsushi Moriguchi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan
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Moriguchi T, Shimomitsu T, Odagiri Y, Fukuda J, Hamano K, Kawai T, Tomoda A. Marked increase in urinary bicarbonate and pH caused by heavy muscular exercise with dynamic knee extension. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2002; 198:31-9. [PMID: 12498312 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.198.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In order to estimate the physiological responses to heavy muscular exercise with dynamic knee extension, the levels of urinary variables such as bicarbonate, urinary pH and blood lactate were studied before and after the exercise. Nine male volleyball players aged 19 or 20 years were involved in the present study. They performed 10%, 30% and 80% 1 repetition maximum (RM) knee extension. The levels of urinary bicarbonate and urinary pH did not change for 2.5 hours after cessation of the exercise with 10% 1 RM load, compared with the baseline levels. When 30% 1 RM loading was given, urinary bicarbonate and pH moderately increased for 2.5 hours. When 80% 1 RM loading was given, both urinary bicarbonate and pH increased immediately after cessation of the exercise, for 2.5 hours. Levels of blood lactate increased extensively within 1 minute after cessation of the exercise in the subjects with 80% 1 RM load, but no significant increase was seen in subjects with 10% 1 RM load. The changes in urinary bicarbonate and pH could be explained by the continuous production of CO2 in the muscular tissues involved in the exercise with a submaximal load where excess postexercise oxygen consumption is accelerated. It is also possible that the liver and muscle where blood lactate is aerobically metabolized could be the cause of these changes. It was also suggested that the measurement of urinary bicarbonate and pH may be useful for the estimation of events in the body after submaximal exercise loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsushi Moriguchi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan
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