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Adhikari G, Carlin N, Choi JJ, Choi S, Ezeribe AC, França LE, Ha C, Hahn IS, Hollick SJ, Jeon EJ, Jo JH, Joo HW, Kang WG, Kauer M, Kim BH, Kim HJ, Kim J, Kim KW, Kim SH, Kim SK, Kim WK, Kim YD, Kim YH, Ko YJ, Lee DH, Lee EK, Lee H, Lee HS, Lee HY, Lee IS, Lee J, Lee JY, Lee MH, Lee SH, Lee SM, Lee YJ, Leonard DS, Luan NT, Manzato BB, Maruyama RH, Neal RJ, Nikkel JA, Olsen SL, Park BJ, Park HK, Park HS, Park KS, Park SD, Pitta RLC, Prihtiadi H, Ra SJ, Rott C, Shin KA, Cavalcante DFFS, Scarff A, Spooner NJC, Thompson WG, Yang L, Yu GH. Search for Boosted Dark Matter in COSINE-100. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:201802. [PMID: 38039466 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.201802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
We search for energetic electron recoil signals induced by boosted dark matter (BDM) from the galactic center using the COSINE-100 array of NaI(Tl) crystal detectors at the Yangyang Underground Laboratory. The signal would be an excess of events with energies above 4 MeV over the well-understood background. Because no excess of events are observed in a 97.7 kg·yr exposure, we set limits on BDM interactions under a variety of hypotheses. Notably, we explored the dark photon parameter space, leading to competitive limits compared to direct dark photon search experiments, particularly for dark photon masses below 4 MeV and considering the invisible decay mode. Furthermore, by comparing our results with a previous BDM search conducted by the Super-Kamionkande experiment, we found that the COSINE-100 detector has advantages in searching for low-mass dark matter. This analysis demonstrates the potential of the COSINE-100 detector to search for MeV electron recoil signals produced by the dark sector particle interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Adhikari
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - N Carlin
- Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J J Choi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - S Choi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - A C Ezeribe
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - L E França
- Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C Ha
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06973, Republic of Korea
| | - I S Hahn
- Department of Science Education, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
- Center for Exotic Nuclear Studies, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Hollick
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - E J Jeon
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Jo
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - H W Joo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - W G Kang
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - M Kauer
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - B H Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Kim
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - J Kim
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06973, Republic of Korea
| | - K W Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - S K Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - W K Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Y D Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Y H Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Y J Ko
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - D H Lee
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - E K Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - H Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - H Y Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - I S Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - J Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - J Y Lee
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - M H Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - S M Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Y J Lee
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06973, Republic of Korea
| | - D S Leonard
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - N T Luan
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - B B Manzato
- Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R H Maruyama
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - R J Neal
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - J A Nikkel
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S L Olsen
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - B J Park
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - H K Park
- Department of Accelerator Science, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Park
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - K S Park
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - S D Park
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - R L C Pitta
- Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - H Prihtiadi
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Ra
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - C Rott
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - K A Shin
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - D F F S Cavalcante
- Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A Scarff
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - N J C Spooner
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - W G Thompson
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - L Yang
- Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - G H Yu
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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Jang KW, Lee HK, Park BJ, Kang HC, Lee SK, Kim CH, Nam SK, Roh D. Social Stigma and Discrimination Toward People With Drug Addiction: A National Survey in Korea. Psychiatry Investig 2023; 20:671-680. [PMID: 37525617 PMCID: PMC10397776 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2023.0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to understand the attitudes, stigma, and discrimination of the general adult population toward drug addiction. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional nationwide survey with 1,020 Korean adults using an Internet web-based panel. Self-reported data were collected on demographics, experience with substance abuse, perceptions of narcotic analgesic use, beliefs about the legalization of cannabis use, coping with substance abuse and addiction, and perceptions of drug risks. All statistical analysis in this study utilized the IBM SPSS Statistics 26 program. RESULTS In this study, 1.6% of the participants reported abuse of opioid analgesics, 88.0% reported negative perceptions of drug addiction, and 76.9% reported agreeing to unfair treatment of drug addicts. Logistic regression analysis found that perceived stigma was more prevalent among women (odd ratio [OR]=2.087, p<0.01), old adults (OR=1.939, p<0.01), those with no personal experience of opioid misuse (OR=8.172, p<0.05), and those who were non-smoking (OR=2.011, p<0.01). In addition, the discriminatory attitude was more prevalent among participants with higher income (OR=1.989, p<0.001) and those who are non-smoking (OR=1.608, p<0.05). CONCLUSION This study provides information and guidelines for public intervention in drug addiction by identifying factors influencing social stigma and discriminatory behaviors toward drug addiction. The findings suggest that education on drug addiction prevention for the general adult population is necessary, and this education should include knowledge on coping with drug addiction and reducing stigma and discrimination toward drug addicts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Won Jang
- Mind-Neuromodulation Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Kook Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Catholic University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Joo Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon-Chul Kang
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Kyu Lee
- Mind-Neuromodulation Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Hyung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Behavioural Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Kyu Nam
- Mind-Neuromodulation Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Daeyoung Roh
- Mind-Neuromodulation Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
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Koo CM, Kim SH, Lee JS, Park BJ, Lee HK, Kim HD, Kang HC. Cannabidiol for Treating Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome and Dravet Syndrome in Korea. J Korean Med Sci 2020; 35:e427. [PMID: 33372424 PMCID: PMC7769699 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For the first time in Korea, we aimed to study the efficacy and safety of cannabidiol (CBD), which is emerging as a new alternative in treating epileptic encephalopathies. METHODS This study was conducted retrospectively with patients between the ages of 2-18 years diagnosed with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) or Dravet syndrome (DS) were enrolled from March to October 2019, who visited outpatient unit at 3 and 6 months to evaluate medication efficacy and safety based on caregiver reporting. Additional evaluations, such as electroencephalogram and blood tests, were conducted at each period also. CBD was administered orally at a starting dose of 5 mg/kg/day, and was maintained at 10 mg/kg/day. RESULTS We analyzed 34 patients in the LGS group and 10 patients in the DS group between the ages of 1.2-15.8 years. In the 3-month evaluation, the overall reduction of seizure frequency in the LGS group was 52.9% (>50% reduction in 32.3% of the cases), and 29.4% in the 6-month evaluation (more than 50% reduction in 20.6%). In DS group, the reduction of seizure frequency by more than 50% was 30% and 20% in the 3-month and 6-month evaluation, respectively. Good outcomes were defined as the reduction of seizure frequency by more than 50% and similar results were observed in both LGS and DS groups. Adverse events were reported in 36.3% of total patients of which most common adverse events were gastrointestinal problems. However, no life-threatening adverse event was reported in both LGS and DS during the observation period. CONCLUSION In this first Korean study, CBD was safe and tolerable for use and could be expected to potentially reduce the seizure frequency in pediatric patients with LGS or DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung Mo Koo
- Division of Pediatric Emergency, Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se Hee Kim
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Epilepsy Research Institute, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joon Soo Lee
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Epilepsy Research Institute, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Joo Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- National Academy of Medicine of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hae Kook Lee
- National Academy of Medicine of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Heung Dong Kim
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Epilepsy Research Institute, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Hoon Chul Kang
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Epilepsy Research Institute, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- National Academy of Medicine of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
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Soh Y, Park BJ. Giant Vertebral Artery Aneurysm: A Rare Cause of Respiratory Failure and Swallowing Disorder. Neurochirurgie 2020; 66:412-413. [PMID: 32623055 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuchi.2020.04.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Soh
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, 23 Kyunghee-daero, Dongdaemun-gu, 130-701 Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - B J Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Pinheiro MDO, Simmons DBD, Villella M, Tetreault GR, Muir DCG, McMaster ME, Hewitt LM, Parrott JL, Park BJ, Brown SB, Sherry JP. Brown bullhead at the St. Lawrence River (Cornwall) Area of Concern: health and endocrine status in the context of tissue concentrations of PCBs and mercury. Environ Monit Assess 2020; 192:404. [PMID: 32472215 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-08355-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The St. Lawrence River, at Cornwall Ontario, has accumulated sediment contaminants, mainly mercury (Hg) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), from industrial point sources over many years. Although those sources are past, the river at Cornwall remains an Area of Concern (AOC). Because of remediation and other changes in the AOC, improved knowledge of contaminants in wild-fish and their putative links to health effects could help decision makers to better assess the AOC's state. Thus, we compared tissue concentrations of Hg, PCBs, morphometric measures of health, and biomarkers of exposure, metabolic-, and reproductive health in native brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus) from the AOC to those of upstream reference fish. Linear discriminant analysis separated the adult fish of both sexes among upstream and downstream sites without misclassification. Burdens of total-Hg (all sites) and PCB toxic equivalents (downstream sites) exceeded the guidance for the protection of wildlife consumers. There were subtle effects of site on physiological variables, particularly in female fish. Total-Hg in tissue correlated negatively to plasma testosterone and 17β-estradiol in female fish at Cornwall: moreover, concentrations of both hormones were lower within the AOC compared to reference site fish. A similar effect on vitellogenin, which was uncorrelated to E2/T at the downstream sites, indicated the potential for reproductive effects. Downstream fish also had altered thyroidal status (T3, TSH, and ratio of thyroid epithelial cell area to colloid area). Despite spatial and temporal variability of the endocrine-related responses, these subtle effects on fish health within the AOC warrant further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D O Pinheiro
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - D B D Simmons
- Faculty of Science, Ontario Technical University, Oshawa, Ontario, L1G 0C5, Canada
| | - M Villella
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Water Research Institute, Burlington, ON, L7S 1A1, Canada
| | - G R Tetreault
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Water Research Institute, Burlington, ON, L7S 1A1, Canada
| | - D C G Muir
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Water Research Institute, Burlington, ON, L7S 1A1, Canada
| | - M E McMaster
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Water Research Institute, Burlington, ON, L7S 1A1, Canada
| | - L M Hewitt
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Water Research Institute, Burlington, ON, L7S 1A1, Canada
| | - J L Parrott
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Water Research Institute, Burlington, ON, L7S 1A1, Canada
| | - B J Park
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - S B Brown
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Water Research Institute, Burlington, ON, L7S 1A1, Canada
| | - J P Sherry
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Water Research Institute, Burlington, ON, L7S 1A1, Canada.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the significant disease burden, there is a paucity of data addressing the population-based incidence of acute angle closure glaucoma (AACG). Therefore, we estimated the nationwide, population-based standardized incidence rate of AACG in Korea. METHODS We conducted a nationwide, population-based, retrospective study using the database of National Health Insurance (NHI) system, which includes the entire Korean population (approximately 50 million people) from 2009 to 2015. We identified patients with incident AACG during the 5-year study period from 2011 to 2015 based on their diagnosis and AACG-related treatments (laser iridotomy and cataract surgery), and estimated age- and gender-standardized incidence rate of AACG during the study period. RESULTS We identified 11,049 patients (8,022 women, 72.6%) with incident AACG during the 5-year study period. Of these, after excluding 6 patients under 20 years old, 11,043 patients (8,020 women, 72.6%) aged ≥ 20 years were included in the analysis. The average standardized incidence rate during the 5-year study period was 59.95 (95% confidence interval [CI], 58.87-61.03) per 1,000,000 person-years. The incidence rates increased sharply with age and peaked at individuals aged 75-79 years; in men, those peaked at the same age group, however, in women, those peaked at individuals aged 70-74 years. Women has a 2.56 folds higher incidence rate (85.84 [95% CI, 84.03-87.66] per 1,000,000 person-years) than men (33.48 [95% CI, 32.33-34.62] per 1,000,000 person-years). CONCLUSION The present study provides detailed estimates for AACG incidence according to all age groups and gender through the 5-year study period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Jun Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Kyu Hyung Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Tae Woo Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Byung Joo Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Turner SR, Mormando J, Park BJ, Huang J. Attitudes of robotic surgery educators and learners: challenges, advantages, tips and tricks of teaching and learning robotic surgery. J Robot Surg 2019; 14:455-461. [PMID: 31463878 DOI: 10.1007/s11701-019-01013-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
As the application of robotic surgical technology grows, so does the need to instruct surgical residents in robotic techniques. To better understand the challenges and benefits unique to robotic surgery education, this study explored the attitudes of teachers and learners. A 43-item questionnaire was developed with five domains: challenges and benefits of robotic education, training methodologies, trainees' readiness for learning, and education tips. This was delivered to surgeons and surgical fellows at a high-volume surgical department. 31 surgeons and 25 fellows from 7 specialties responded (response rate 70% and 43%). The teaching and learning of robotic surgery were perceived as superior to traditional minimally invasive surgery by both surgeons (in 7/9 factors studied) and fellows (7/9), but was seen as mostly disadvantageous compared to open surgery by both surgeons (in 6/9 factors studied) and fellows (8/9). Surgeons frequently stated the greatest challenge to teaching robotics was the need to relinquish total control to the trainee. Robotic surgery education is generally well received and offers several advantages. However, teaching robotic surgery presents unique challenges, especially when compared to open surgery. Understanding the benefits of, and barriers to, robotic surgery education may help develop more effective training paradigms that are responsive to educational needs while maintaining patient safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Turner
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA. .,Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
| | - J Mormando
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA.,Department of Surgery, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, USA
| | - B J Park
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - J Huang
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
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Lee JE, Shin DW, Jeong SM, Son KY, Cho B, Yoon JL, Park BJ, Kwon IS, Lee J, Kim S. Association Between Timed Up and Go Test and Future Dementia Onset. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2019; 73:1238-1243. [PMID: 29346523 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glx261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study evaluated whether baseline results of the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test is associated with future dementia occurrence. Methods Using the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Health Screening Cohort database, we identified 49,283 subjects without a dementia diagnosis who participated in the National Screening Program for Transitional Ages at 66 years of age during 2007-2012. Gait impairment was defined as taking longer than 10 seconds to perform the TUG test. Dementia occurrence was defined by the first prescription for acetylcholinesterase inhibitors or N-Methyl-D-Aspartate receptor antagonist with an International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision (ICD-10) code for dementia (F00, F01, F02, F03, G30, F051, or G311) during 2007-2013. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to assess the hazard ratios for dementia occurrence according to baseline TUG test results. Results Mean follow-up period was 3.8 years. Incidence rates of dementia were 4.6 and 6.8 cases per 1,000 person-years in the normal and impaired TUG groups, respectively. The impaired TUG group showed a higher risk of total dementia incidence (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.34; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.14-1.57). Subtype analysis showed that the impaired TUG group had a higher risk of Alzheimer's disease (aHR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.06-1.51) and vascular dementia (aHR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.19-2.30). Conclusions The TUG test result was associated with future dementia occurrence. More vigilant follow-up and early intervention to prevent dementia would benefit elderly people with impaired TUG test result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Eun Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Wook Shin
- Department of Family Medicine & Supportive Care Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Digital Health, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Min Jeong
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Young Son
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - Belong Cho
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Lull Yoon
- Department of Family Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Joo Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - In Soon Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinkook Lee
- Department of Economics & Center for Economic & Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, & RAND Corporation, Santa Monica
| | - SangYun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital & Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
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Adhikari G, Adhikari P, de Souza EB, Carlin N, Choi S, Djamal M, Ezeribe AC, Ha C, Hahn IS, Jeon EJ, Jo JH, Joo HW, Kang WG, Kang W, Kauer M, Kim GS, Kim H, Kim HJ, Kim KW, Kim NY, Kim SK, Kim YD, Kim YH, Ko YJ, Kudryavtsev VA, Lee HS, Lee J, Lee JY, Lee MH, Leonard DS, Lynch WA, Maruyama RH, Mouton F, Olsen SL, Park BJ, Park HK, Park HS, Park KS, Pitta RLC, Prihtiadi H, Ra SJ, Rott C, Shin KA, Scarff A, Spooner NJC, Thompson WG, Yang L, Yu GH. Search for a Dark Matter-Induced Annual Modulation Signal in NaI(Tl) with the COSINE-100 Experiment. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 123:031302. [PMID: 31386435 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.031302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We present new constraints on the dark matter-induced annual modulation signal using 1.7 years of COSINE-100 data with a total exposure of 97.7 kg yr. The COSINE-100 experiment, consisting of 106 kg of NaI(Tl) target material, is designed to carry out a model-independent test of DAMA/LIBRA's claim of WIMP discovery by searching for the same annual modulation signal using the same NaI(Tl) target. The crystal data show a 2.7 cpd/kg/keV background rate on average in the 2-6 keV energy region of interest. Using a χ-squared minimization method we observe best fit values for modulation amplitude and phase of 0.0092±0.0067 cpd/kg/keV and 127.2±45.9 d, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Adhikari
- Department of Physics, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - P Adhikari
- Department of Physics, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - E Barbosa de Souza
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - N Carlin
- Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - S Choi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - M Djamal
- Department of Physics, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - A C Ezeribe
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - C Ha
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - I S Hahn
- Department of Science Education, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - E J Jeon
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Jo
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - H W Joo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - W G Kang
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - W Kang
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - M Kauer
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - G S Kim
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - H Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Kim
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - K W Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - N Y Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - S K Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Y D Kim
- Department of Physics, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Y H Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Y J Ko
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - V A Kudryavtsev
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - H S Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - J Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - J Y Lee
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - M H Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - D S Leonard
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - W A Lynch
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - R H Maruyama
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - F Mouton
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - S L Olsen
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - B J Park
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - H K Park
- Department of Accelerator Science, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Park
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - K S Park
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - R L C Pitta
- Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - H Prihtiadi
- Department of Physics, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - S J Ra
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - C Rott
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - K A Shin
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - A Scarff
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - N J C Spooner
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - W G Thompson
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - L Yang
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - G H Yu
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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Ha C, Adhikari G, Adhikari P, Barbosa de Souza E, Carlin N, Choi S, Djamal M, Ezeribe AC, Hahn IS, Jeon EJ, Jo JH, Joo HW, Kang WG, Kang W, Kauer M, Kim GS, Kim H, Kim HJ, Kim KW, Kim NY, Kim SK, Kim YD, Kim YH, Ko YJ, Kudryavtsev VA, Lee HS, Lee J, Lee JY, Lee MH, Leonard DS, Lynch WA, Maruyama RH, Mouton F, Olsen SL, Park BJ, Park HK, Park HS, Park KS, Pitta RLC, Prihtiadi H, Ra SJ, Rott C, Shin KA, Scarff A, Spooner NJC, Thompson WG, Yang L, Yu GH. First Direct Search for Inelastic Boosted Dark Matter with COSINE-100. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 122:131802. [PMID: 31012610 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.131802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A search for inelastic boosted dark matter (IBDM) using the COSINE-100 detector with 59.5 days of data is presented. This relativistic dark matter is theorized to interact with the target material through inelastic scattering with electrons, creating a heavier state that subsequently produces standard model particles, such as an electron-positron pair. In this study, we search for this electron-positron pair in coincidence with the initially scattered electron as a signature for an IBDM interaction. No excess over the predicted background event rate is observed. Therefore, we present limits on IBDM interactions under various hypotheses, one of which allows us to explore an area of the dark photon parameter space that has not yet been covered by other experiments. This is the first experimental search for IBDM using a terrestrial detector.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ha
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - G Adhikari
- Department of Physics, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - P Adhikari
- Department of Physics, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - E Barbosa de Souza
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - N Carlin
- Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - S Choi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - M Djamal
- Department of Physics, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - A C Ezeribe
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - I S Hahn
- Department of Science Education, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - E J Jeon
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Jo
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - H W Joo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - W G Kang
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - W Kang
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - M Kauer
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - G S Kim
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - H Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Kim
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - K W Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - N Y Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - S K Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Y D Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Y H Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Y J Ko
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - V A Kudryavtsev
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - H S Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - J Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - J Y Lee
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - M H Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - D S Leonard
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - W A Lynch
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - R H Maruyama
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - F Mouton
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - S L Olsen
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - B J Park
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - H K Park
- Department of Accelerator Science, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Park
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - K S Park
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - R L C Pitta
- Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - H Prihtiadi
- Department of Physics, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - S J Ra
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - C Rott
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - K A Shin
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - A Scarff
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - N J C Spooner
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - W G Thompson
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - L Yang
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - G H Yu
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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Kim J, Bang JH, Shin JY, Yang BR, Lee J, Park BJ. Hypertension Risk with Abacavir Use among HIV-Infected Individuals: A Nationwide Cohort Study. Yonsei Med J 2018; 59:1245-1252. [PMID: 30450860 PMCID: PMC6240567 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2018.59.10.1245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE A high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is reported for HIV-infected individuals. While a link between abacavir and CVD risk is suggested, an association between abacavir and hypertension remains unclear. This study evaluated hypertension risk with abacavir use in comparison to non-abacavir antiretroviral treatment (ART). MATERIALS AND METHODS From a nationwide cohort of HIV-infected individuals on their initial ART, 6493 who were free of hypertension at baseline were analyzed. The use of ART was treated as a time-varying covariate measured as a daily unit. Incidence rate of hypertension was calculated, and Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) of incident hypertension overall and among subgroups. RESULTS From the 6493 participants, 24072 person-years (PY) of follow-up were contributed during 2008-2016. The incidence rates of hypertension were 4.6 and 3.6 per 100 PY for abacavir and non-abacavir ART users, respectively. The population attributable fraction of abacavir use on hypertension was 12%. Abacavir exposure did not elevate the risk of hypertension among overall study population [HR, 1.2 (95% CI, 1.0-1.4), p=0.061]. However, those with poor ART adherence, defined as a medication possession ratio <50% [HR, 1.9 (95% CI, 1.5-2.4), p<0.0001] or requiring prophylactic antibiotics [HR, 1.2 (95% CI, 1.0-1.3), p=0.023], were at risk of hypertension induced by abacavir, as were men, individuals aged ≥40 years, and patients visiting tertiary hospitals in urban areas. CONCLUSION When present, poor ART adherence, requiring prophylactic antibiotics, male sex, and older age may warrant additional concern for hypertension in patients treated with abacavir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungmee Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hwan Bang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Seoul National University, Seoul Metropolitan Government Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ju Young Shin
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Bo Ram Yang
- Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joongyub Lee
- Department of Prevention and Management, Inha University Hospital, School of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Byung Joo Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Lai ECC, Shin JY, Kubota K, Man KKC, Park BJ, Pratt N, Roughead EE, Wong ICK, Kao Yang YH, Setoguchi S. Comparative safety of NSAIDs for gastrointestinal events in Asia-Pacific populations: A multi-database, international cohort study. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2018; 27:1223-1230. [PMID: 30232832 DOI: 10.1002/pds.4663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The safety of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) commonly used in Asia-Pacific countries has had limited study. We assessed the risk of hospitalization for gastrointestinal events with loxoprofen and mefenamic acid compared with other NSAIDs in Asia-Pacific populations. METHODS We conducted a cohort study using a distributed network with a common data model in Australia, Hong Kong, Japan, Korea, and Taiwan. We included patients who initiated diclofenac, loxoprofen, mefenamic acid, or celecoxib and followed them until their first gastrointestinal hospitalization, switch or discontinuation of medication, disenrollment, or end of database coverage. We used Cox proportional hazards models to assess hospitalization risk. RESULTS We identified 9879 patients in Japan, 70 492 in Taiwan, 263 741 in Korea, and 246 in Hong Kong who initiated an NSAID, and 44 013 patients in Australia, a predominantly Caucasian population. The incidence of gastrointestinal hospitalization was 25.6 per 1000 person-years in Japan, 32.8 in Taiwan, 11.5 in Korea, 484.5 in Hong Kong, and 35.6 in Australia. Compared with diclofenac, the risk of gastrointestinal events with loxoprofen was significantly lower in Korea (hazards ratio, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.25-0.54) but not in Japan (1.65; 95% CI, 0.47-5.78). The risk of gastrointestinal events with mefenamic acid was significantly lower in Taiwan (0.45; 95% CI, 0.26-0.78) and Korea (0.11; 95% CI, 0.05-0.27) but not Hong Kong (2.16; 95% CI, 0.28-16.87), compared with diclofenac. CONCLUSIONS Compared with diclofenac, loxoprofen was associated with a lower risk of gastrointestinal hospitalizations in Korea and mefenamic acid with a lower risk in Taiwan and Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Chia-Cheng Lai
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacy, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.,Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ju-Young Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kiyoshi Kubota
- Department of Pharmacoepidemiology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenneth K C Man
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Byung Joo Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Office of Drug Utilization Review, Korea Institute of Drug Safety and Risk Management, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Nicole Pratt
- Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Elizabeth E Roughead
- Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Ian C K Wong
- Health Outcome Research Center, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yea-Huei Kao Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Health Outcome Research Center, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Soko Setoguchi
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.,Rutgers Center for Pharmacoepidemiology and Treatment Science, Institute for Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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Strom BL, Hennessy S, Leufkens HGM, Park BJ. Reviewers of manuscripts submitted in 2016: With appreciation. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pds.4303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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14
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Park BJ, Oh EH, Kim JE, Ko JY, Ro YS. Treatment of disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis with oral alitretinoin. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2017; 31:e505-e507. [PMID: 28543730 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.14354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B J Park
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, University of Hanyang, Seoul, Korea
| | - E H Oh
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, University of Hanyang, Seoul, Korea
| | - J E Kim
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, University of Hanyang, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Y Ko
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, University of Hanyang, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y S Ro
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, University of Hanyang, Seoul, Korea
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Park K, Soukavong M, Kim J, Kwon KE, Jin XM, Lee J, Yang BR, Park BJ. Signal Detection of Imipenem Compared to Other Drugs from Korea Adverse Event Reporting System Database. Yonsei Med J 2017; 58:564-569. [PMID: 28332362 PMCID: PMC5368142 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2017.58.3.564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Revised: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To detect signals of adverse drug events after imipenem treatment using the Korea Institute of Drug Safety & Risk Management-Korea adverse event reporting system database (KIDS-KD). MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed data mining using KIDS-KD, which was constructed using spontaneously reported adverse event (AE) reports between December 1988 and June 2014. We detected signals calculated the proportional reporting ratio, reporting odds ratio, and information component of imipenem. We defined a signal as any AE that satisfied all three indices. The signals were compared with drug labels of nine countries. RESULTS There were 807582 spontaneous AEs reports in the KIDS-KD. Among those, the number of antibiotics related AEs was 192510; 3382 reports were associated with imipenem. The most common imipenem-associated AE was the drug eruption; 353 times. We calculated the signal by comparing with all other antibiotics and drugs; 58 and 53 signals satisfied the three methods. We compared the drug labelling information of nine countries, including the USA, the UK, Japan, Italy, Switzerland, Germany, France, Canada, and South Korea, and discovered that the following signals were currently not included in drug labels: hypokalemia, cardiac arrest, cardiac failure, Parkinson's syndrome, myocardial infarction, and prostate enlargement. Hypokalemia was an additional signal compared with all other antibiotics, and the other signals were not different compared with all other antibiotics and all other drugs. CONCLUSION We detected new signals that were not listed on the drug labels of nine countries. However, further pharmacoepidemiologic research is needed to evaluate the causality of these signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyounghoon Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mick Soukavong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jungmee Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyoung Eun Kwon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Xue Mei Jin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joongyub Lee
- Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bo Ram Yang
- Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Joo Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Strom BL, Hennessy S, Leufkens HGM, Park BJ. Reviewers of Manuscripts Submitted in 2015: With Appreciation. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pds.4152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Schneeweiss S, Eichler HG, Garcia-Altes A, Chinn C, Eggimann AV, Garner S, Goettsch W, Lim R, Löbker W, Martin D, Müller T, Park BJ, Platt R, Priddy S, Ruhl M, Spooner A, Vannieuwenhuyse B, Willke RJ. Real World Data in Adaptive Biomedical Innovation: A Framework for Generating Evidence Fit for Decision-Making. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2016; 100:633-646. [DOI: 10.1002/cpt.512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Schneeweiss
- Division of Pharmacoepidemiology (DoPE), Department of Medicine; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - H-G Eichler
- European Medicines Agency (EMA); London United Kingdom
| | - A Garcia-Altes
- Agència de Qualitat i Avaluació Sanitàries de Catalunya (AQuAS); Barcelona Spain
| | | | | | - S Garner
- National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE); London United Kingdom
| | - W Goettsch
- National Health Care Institute, Diemen and Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology; Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences; Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - R Lim
- Health Products and Food Branch; Health Canada; Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - W Löbker
- Gemeinsamer Bundesausschuss (GBA); Abteilung Arzneimittel; Berlin Germany
| | - D Martin
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research; U.S. Food and Drug Administration; Silver Spring Maryland USA
| | - T Müller
- Gemeinsamer Bundesausschuss (GBA); Abteilung Arzneimittel; Berlin Germany
| | - BJ Park
- Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine; Seoul South Korea
| | - R Platt
- Department of Population Medicine; Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Healthcare Institute; Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - S Priddy
- Comprehensive Health Insights (CHI), Humana; Louisville Kentucky USA
| | - M Ruhl
- Aetion Inc.; New York NY USA
| | - A Spooner
- Health Products Regulatory Authority (HPRA); Dublin Ireland
| | - B Vannieuwenhuyse
- Innovative Medicine Initiative - European Medical Information Framework, Janssen Pharmaceutica Research and Development; Beerse Belgium
| | - RJ Willke
- International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research; Lawrenceville New Jersey USA
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Soukavong M, Kim J, Park K, Yang BR, Lee J, Jin XM, Park BJ. Signal Detection of Adverse Drug Reaction of Amoxicillin Using the Korea Adverse Event Reporting System Database. J Korean Med Sci 2016; 31:1355-61. [PMID: 27510377 PMCID: PMC4974175 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2016.31.9.1355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We conducted pharmacovigilance data mining for a β-lactam antibiotics, amoxicillin, and compare the adverse events (AEs) with the drug labels of 9 countries including Korea, USA, UK, Japan, Germany, Swiss, Italy, France, and Laos. We used the Korea Adverse Event Reporting System (KAERS) database, a nationwide database of AE reports, between December 1988 and June 2014. Frequentist and Bayesian methods were used to calculate disproportionality distribution of drug-AE pairs. The AE which was detected by all the three indices of proportional reporting ratio (PRR), reporting odds ratio (ROR), and information component (IC) was defined as a signal. The KAERS database contained a total of 807,582 AE reports, among which 1,722 reports were attributed to amoxicillin. Among the 192,510 antibiotics-AE pairs, the number of amoxicillin-AE pairs was 2,913. Among 241 AEs, 52 adverse events were detected as amoxicillin signals. Comparing the drug labels of 9 countries, 12 adverse events including ineffective medicine, bronchitis, rhinitis, sinusitis, dry mouth, gastroesophageal reflux, hypercholesterolemia, gastric carcinoma, abnormal crying, induration, pulmonary carcinoma, and influenza-like symptoms were not listed on any of the labels of nine countries. In conclusion, we detected 12 new signals of amoxicillin which were not listed on the labels of 9 countries. Therefore, it should be followed by signal evaluation including causal association, clinical significance, and preventability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mick Soukavong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jungmee Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyounghoon Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bo Ram Yang
- Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joongyub Lee
- Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Xue Mei Jin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Joo Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Fujitani K, Yang HK, Mizusawa J, Kim YW, Terashima M, Han SU, Iwasaki Y, Hyung WJ, Takagane A, Park DJ, Yoshikawa T, Hahn S, Nakamura K, Park CH, Kurokawa Y, Bang YJ, Park BJ, Sasako M, Tsujinaka T. Gastrectomy plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for advanced gastric cancer with a single non-curable factor (REGATTA): a phase 3, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Oncol 2016; 17:309-318. [PMID: 26822397 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(15)00553-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 446] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy is the standard of care for incurable advanced gastric cancer. Whether the addition of gastrectomy to chemotherapy improves survival for patients with advanced gastric cancer with a single non-curable factor remains controversial. We aimed to investigate the superiority of gastrectomy followed by chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone with respect to overall survival in these patients. METHODS We did an open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial at 44 centres or hospitals in Japan, South Korea, and Singapore. Patients aged 20-75 years with advanced gastric cancer with a single non-curable factor confined to either the liver (H1), peritoneum (P1), or para-aortic lymph nodes (16a1/b2) were randomly assigned (1:1) in each country to chemotherapy alone or gastrectomy followed by chemotherapy by a minimisation method with biased-coin assignment to balance the groups according to institution, clinical nodal status, and non-curable factor. Patients, treating physicians, and individuals who assessed outcomes and analysed data were not masked to treatment assignment. Chemotherapy consisted of oral S-1 80 mg/m(2) per day on days 1-21 and cisplatin 60 mg/m(2) on day 8 of every 5-week cycle. Gastrectomy was restricted to D1 lymphadenectomy without any resection of metastatic lesions. The primary endpoint was overall survival, analysed by intention to treat. This study is registered with UMIN-CTR, number UMIN000001012. FINDINGS Between Feb 4, 2008, and Sept 17, 2013, 175 patients were randomly assigned to chemotherapy alone (86 patients) or gastrectomy followed by chemotherapy (89 patients). After the first interim analysis on Sept 14, 2013, the predictive probability of overall survival being significantly higher in the gastrectomy plus chemotherapy group than in the chemotherapy alone group at the final analysis was only 13·2%, so the study was closed on the basis of futility. Overall survival at 2 years for all randomly assigned patients was 31·7% (95% CI 21·7-42·2) for patients assigned to chemotherapy alone compared with 25·1% (16·2-34·9) for those assigned to gastrectomy plus chemotherapy. Median overall survival was 16·6 months (95% CI 13·7-19·8) for patients assigned to chemotherapy alone and 14·3 months (11·8-16·3) for those assigned to gastrectomy plus chemotherapy (hazard ratio 1·09, 95% CI 0·78-1·52; one-sided p=0·70). The incidence of the following grade 3 or 4 chemotherapy-associated adverse events was higher in patients assigned to gastrectomy plus chemotherapy than in those assigned to chemotherapy alone: leucopenia (14 patients [18%] vs two [3%]), anorexia (22 [29%] vs nine [12%]), nausea (11 [15%] vs four [5%]), and hyponatraemia (seven [9%] vs four [5%]). One treatment-related death occurred in a patient assigned to chemotherapy alone (sudden cardiopulmonary arrest of unknown cause during the second cycle of chemotherapy) and one occurred in a patient assigned to chemotherapy plus gastrectomy (rapid growth of peritoneal metastasis after discharge 12 days after surgery). INTERPRETATION Since gastrectomy followed by chemotherapy did not show any survival benefit compared with chemotherapy alone in advanced gastric cancer with a single non-curable factor, gastrectomy cannot be justified for treatment of patients with these tumours. FUNDING The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan and the Korean Gastric Cancer Association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumasa Fujitani
- Department of Surgery, Osaka Prefectural General Medical Centre, Osaka, Japan
| | - Han-Kwang Yang
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Junki Mizusawa
- Japan Clinical Oncology Group Data Centre/Operations Office, National Cancer Centre, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Young-Woo Kim
- Department of Surgery, National Cancer Centre, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Sang-Uk Han
- Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Yoshiaki Iwasaki
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Woo Jin Hyung
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Akinori Takagane
- Department of Surgery, Hakodate Goryokaku Hospital, Hakodate, Japan
| | - Do Joong Park
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Seokyung Hahn
- Medical Research Collaborating Centre, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kenichi Nakamura
- Japan Clinical Oncology Group Data Centre/Operations Office, National Cancer Centre, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Cho Hyun Park
- Department of Surgery, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yukinori Kurokawa
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yung-Jue Bang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byung Joo Park
- Medical Research Collaborating Centre, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mitsuru Sasako
- Department of Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
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Choi NK, Youn KE, Heo DS, Lee SM, Kim Y, Park BJ. Stomach Cancer Incidence, Mortality and Survival Rate in Korean Elderly Pharmacoepidemiologic Cohort (KEPEC) in 1994~1998. Cancer Res Treat 2015; 35:383-90. [PMID: 26680963 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2003.35.5.383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was conducted to estimate the incidence, mortality and survival rate of stomach cancer in elderly people in Korea. MATERIALS AND METHODS The source population was a Korean Elderly Phamacoepidemiologic Cohort (KEPEC), who were 65 years of age or older and living in Busan metropolitan city and Gyeongsangnam province, Korea. A subcohort of 38, 443 persons without stomach cancer were identified before enrolling the KEPEC. The stomach cancer incidence cases were detected from three different sources, the medical claims database of the Korea Medical Insurance Corporation (KMIC), the Korea Central Cancer Registry (KCCR), and the Busan Cancer Registry (BCR). A hospital survey for abstracting the relevant information to confirm the final diagnosis of the potential cases from the medical claims database was conducted. A medical oncologist reviewed the data to confirm the final diagnoses and the date of onset. The mortality cases due to stomach cancer were detected from the mortality database at the National Statistical Office. The incidence rate, the survival rate and the mortality rate of stomach cancer and their 95% confidence intervals were estimated using SAS Windows ver. 8.1. RESULTS There were 338 confirmed stomach cancer cases in the KEPEC between 1 January 1994 and 31 December 1998. The age-standardized incidence rate of stomach cancer in the Korean elderly population was estimated to be 351.4 per 100, 000 person-years in males and 122.6 per 100, 000 person-years in females. In addition, 272 stomach cancer death cases were detected in the KEPEC between 1 Jan. 1994 and 31 Dec. 1998. The age-standardized mortality rate of stomach cancer to the Korean elderly population was estimated to be 268.5 per 100, 000 person-years in males and 93.7 per 100, 000 person-years in females. The one-year survival rate was 62.1% in males and 63.0% in females, which was considered to be statistically similar. The three-year survival rate was 38.9% in males and 40.9% in females. The five-year survival rate was 34.8% in males and 34.7% in females. CONCLUSION The age-standardized male stomach cancer incidence rate and mortality rate to the Korean population were approximately three times higher than in female. However, there was little significant difference between males and females in terms of the overall survival rates. These results may be useful for planning a health policy for preventing and managing stomach cancer in Korea.
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Kim CH, Chung CK, Shin S, Choi BR, Kim MJ, Park BJ, Choi Y. The relationship between diabetes and the reoperation rate after lumbar spinal surgery: a nationwide cohort study. Spine J 2015; 15:866-74. [PMID: 25638495 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2015.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2014] [Revised: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT Diabetes is present in 5% to 20% of patients undergoing spine surgeries and is a known risk factor for reoperation. Considering the chronicity of diabetes, its influence on the reoperation rate may differ over time. PURPOSE To present the relationship between diabetes and the reoperation rate over time. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING Retrospective cohort study. PATIENT SAMPLE A national health insurance database was used to identify a cohort of patients who underwent an initial surgery for lumbar degenerative disease in 2003 (n=34,918). OUTCOME MEASURES The primary end point was any type of second lumbar surgery after fusion surgery (n=4,792) or decompression surgery (n=30,126) during the early (0-postoperative 90 days), short-term (91-365 days), and midterm (1-6 years) periods. METHODS All patients were followed up until December 2008. Cox proportional hazards regression modeling was used to assess the adjusted reoperation rates in the diabetic patients. RESULTS The incidence of diabetes in the present cohort was 24.5% in the fusion group and 16.9% in the decompression group. Overall, reoperation was performed in 13.2% (631 of 4,792) of the patients after fusion surgery and in 14.0% (4,214 of 30,126) of the patients after decompression surgery. After fusion surgery, diabetes did not make a significant difference in the reoperation rate during the entire follow-up period. After decompression surgery, the reoperation rate was not different during Postoperative Month 3, but diabetic patients showed a 1.2 to 1.4 times higher reoperation rate during postoperative 3 months to 5 years (p<.01). CONCLUSIONS The study did not find a relationship between diabetes at the time of surgery and the reoperation rate during the early postoperative period. Thereafter, the reoperation rate was not higher after fusion surgery in diabetic patients, but it was higher after decompression surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Heon Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, Korea; Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-799, Korea; Neuroscience and Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Chun Kee Chung
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, Korea; Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-799, Korea; Neuroscience and Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
| | - Sukyoun Shin
- Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service, 267 Hyoyeoung-ro, Seocho-gu, Seoul 137-706, Korea
| | - Bo Ram Choi
- Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service, 267 Hyoyeoung-ro, Seocho-gu, Seoul 137-706, Korea; Department of Nursing, Kyungdong University, 95, Cheongdamro, Yangju, Gyeonggido 482-010, Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-799, Korea
| | - Byung Joo Park
- Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-799, Korea; Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-799, Korea
| | - Yunhee Choi
- Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-799, Korea
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Woo Y, Kim HE, Chung S, Park BJ. Pediatric medication error reports in Korea adverse event reporting system database, 1989-2012: comparing with adult reports. J Korean Med Sci 2015; 30:371-7. [PMID: 25829803 PMCID: PMC4366956 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2015.30.4.371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Children have dynamic process of maturation and substantial changes in growth and development which eventually make the drug safety profiles different from adults. Medication errors (MEs) in pediatrics are reported to occur three times more likely than adults. The aims of this study were to identify the characteristics of pediatric MEs in Korea at national level and help raise awareness of risks from the MEs in pediatrics. We conducted a descriptive analysis with the pediatric ME reports in Korea Adverse Event Reporting System (KAERS) database from 1989 to 2012 and 208 ME reports in pediatrics were found. Based on KAERS database, the proportion of reported pediatric ME in adverse drug event (ADE) reports was 2.73 times (95% CI, 2.35-3.17) higher than that of adult ME. In 208 ME reports, we found a total of 236 ME-related terms within 19 types of MEs. The most common type of MEs was "accidental overdose" (n=58, 24.6%), followed by "drug maladministration" (n=50, 21.2%) and "medication error" (n=41, 17.4%). After the narratives of ME reports were reviewed, we noticed that most of them did no harm to patients, but some cases were needed for medical treatment. Our data suggest that MEs in pediatrics are not negligible in Korea. We expect that this study would increase the awareness of the problem in pediatric MEs and induce the need for further development of an effective national ME preventing system in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeonju Woo
- Korea Institute of Drug Safety & Risk Management, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung Eun Kim
- Korea Institute of Drug Safety & Risk Management, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sooyoun Chung
- Korea Institute of Drug Safety & Risk Management, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Joo Park
- Korea Institute of Drug Safety & Risk Management, Seoul, Korea. ; Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Navarro-Martín L, Lanctôt C, Jackman P, Park BJ, Doe K, Pauli BD, Trudeau VL. Effects of glyphosate-based herbicides on survival, development, growth and sex ratios of wood frogs (Lithobates sylvaticus) tadpoles. I: chronic laboratory exposures to VisionMax®. Aquat Toxicol 2014; 154:278-90. [PMID: 24878356 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine if chronic exposure to the glyphosate-based herbicide VisionMax(®) affects the survival, development, growth, sex ratios and expression of specific genes involved in metamorphosis of wood frog tadpoles (Lithobates sylvaticus). We hypothesized that exposure to this herbicide will affect developmental rates by disrupting hormone pathways, sex ratios and/or gonadal morphology. Tadpoles were chronically exposed in the laboratory from Gosner developmental stage 25 to 42 to four different concentrations of VisionMax(®) (ranging from 0.021 to 2.9 mg acid equivalents/L). Chronic exposures to VisionMax(®) had direct effects on the metamorphosis of L. sylvaticus tadpoles by decreasing development rates, however, there was a decrease in survival only in the group exposed to the highest dose of VisionMax(®) (2.9 mg a.e./L; from approximately 96% in the control group to 77% in the treatment group). There was a decrease in the number of tadpoles reaching metamorphic climax, from 78% in the control group to 42% in the VisionMax(®) (2.9 mg a.e./L) group, and a 7-day delay to reach metamorphic climax in the same treatment group. No effects of exposure on sex ratios or gonadal morphology were detected in tadpoles exposed to any of the concentrations of VisionMax(®) tested. Gene expression analyses in brain and tail tissues demonstrated that exposure to VisionMax(®) alters the expression of key genes involved in development. Results showed significant interaction (two-way ANOVA, P<0.05) between developmental Gosner stage and treatment in brain corticotropin-releasing factor, deiodinase type II (dio2) and glucocorticotiroid receptor (grII) and tail dio2 and grII. This demonstrates that mRNA levels may be differently affected by treatment depending on the developmental stage at which they are assessed. At the same time there was a clear dose-response effect for VisionMax(®) to increase thyroid hormone receptor β in tadpole brain (F(2,69)=3.475, P=0.037) and tail (F(2,69)=27.569, P<0.001), regardless of developmental stage. Interestingly, delays in development (or survival) were only observed in the group exposed to 2.9 mg a.e./L of VisionMax(®), suggesting that tadpoles need to be exposed to a "threshold" concentration of glyphosate-based herbicide to exhibit phenotypic observable effects. We suggest that the upregulation of genes that trigger metamorphosis following VisionMax(®) herbicide exposure might result from a compensatory response for the delays in development observed. Further studies are needed to determine if disruption of expression of these key genes leads to long-term effects when metamorphs reach adult stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Navarro-Martín
- Centre for Advanced Research in Environmental Genomics (CAREG), Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
| | - C Lanctôt
- Centre for Advanced Research in Environmental Genomics (CAREG), Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
| | - P Jackman
- Atlantic Laboratory for Environmental Testing, Atlantic Region Environmental Science Centre, Environment Canada, Corner Morton Ave. & University Ave., Moncton, NB E1A 6S8, Canada.
| | - B J Park
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Freshwater Institute, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N6, Canada.
| | - K Doe
- Atlantic Laboratory for Environmental Testing, Atlantic Region Environmental Science Centre, Environment Canada, Corner Morton Ave. & University Ave., Moncton, NB E1A 6S8, Canada.
| | - B D Pauli
- National Wildlife Research Centre, Environment Canada, Carleton University, Raven Road, Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3, Canada.
| | - V L Trudeau
- Centre for Advanced Research in Environmental Genomics (CAREG), Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
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Strom BL, Hasford J, Hennessy S, Park BJ, Kinman JL. In memoriam: Ronald D. Mann, MD, FRCP, FRCGP, FFPM, FISPE, Professor Emeritus, Honorary Lifetime ISPE Fellow, 1928-2013. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2014; 23:558-9. [DOI: 10.1002/pds.3597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sean Hennessy
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; USA
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Simmons DBD, McMaster ME, Reiner EJ, Hewitt LM, Parrott JL, Park BJ, Brown SB, Sherry JP. Wild fish from the Bay of Quinte Area of Concern contain elevated tissue concentrations of PCBs and exhibit evidence of endocrine-related health effects. Environ Int 2014; 66:124-37. [PMID: 24576942 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2014.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2013] [Revised: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The Bay of Quinte (BOQ) is an Area of Concern listed under the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement. The presence of dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs in fish in the BOQ AOC has led to restrictions on fish consumption by humans, which is a beneficial use impairment. Adult yellow perch (Perca flavescens) and brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus) were sampled from Trenton, Belleville, and Deseronto (reference site) in the BOQ. A suite of hormone assays and various measures of exposure and/or sublethal health effects were used to assess the health status of fish of both species and sex. Condition factor, hepatosomatic index, ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity, circulating steroid and thyroid hormones, thyroid activation, oocyte size distribution, spermatogenic cell stages, and plasma vitellogenin were among the endpoints that were significantly (p < 0.05) affected by location. Many of those effects corresponded with significantly (p < 0.05) greater tissue concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) at Belleville and Trenton. Hepatic extracts from brown bullhead sampled from Trenton had significantly (p < 0.05) greater binding activity to the androgen receptor and sex steroid binding protein. Taken together, these data and preliminary data from a concomitant study suggest that PCBs are likely being hydroxylated in vivo, resulting in enhanced bioactivity at endocrine receptors and measurable health responses. The present study supports the growing body of evidence that PCBs and their metabolites can affect fish thyroid and steroid hormone systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- D B D Simmons
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment Canada, National Water Research Institute, Burlington, ON, Canada
| | - M E McMaster
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment Canada, National Water Research Institute, Burlington, ON, Canada
| | - E J Reiner
- Laboratory Services Branch, Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - L M Hewitt
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment Canada, National Water Research Institute, Burlington, ON, Canada
| | - J L Parrott
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment Canada, National Water Research Institute, Burlington, ON, Canada
| | - B J Park
- Freshwater Institute, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - S B Brown
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment Canada, National Water Research Institute, Burlington, ON, Canada
| | - J P Sherry
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment Canada, National Water Research Institute, Burlington, ON, Canada
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Seo DY, Kwak HB, Lee SR, Cho YS, Song IS, Kim N, Bang HS, Rhee BD, Ko KS, Park BJ, Han J. Effects of aged garlic extract and endurance exercise on skeletal muscle FNDC-5 and circulating irisin in high-fat-diet rat models. Nutr Res Pract 2014; 8:177-82. [PMID: 24741402 PMCID: PMC3988507 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2014.8.2.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Revised: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Irisin, a newly identified hormone, is associated with energy homeostasis. We investigated whether aged garlic extract (AGE) and exercise training intervention could improve body weight, insulin sensitivity, skeletal muscle fibronectin domain containing protein 5 (FNDC-5) levels, and plasma irisin in high-fat diet (HFD). MATERIALS/METHODS Male Sprague Dawley rats were fed a ND (normal diet, n = 5) or HFD (n = 28) for 6 weeks. After 6 weeks, all rats were divided into 5 groups for the next 4 weeks: ND, (normal diet, n = 5), HFD (high-fat diet, n = 7), HFDA (high-fat diet + aged garlic extract, n = 7), HFDE (high-fat diet + exercise, n = 7), and HFDEA (high-fat diet + exercise + aged garlic extract, n = 7). Exercise groups performed treadmill exercises for 15-60 min, 5 days/week, and AGE groups received AGE (2.86 g/kg, orally injected) for 4 weeks. RESULTS Significant decreases in body weight were observed in the ND, HFDE, and HFDEA groups, as compared with the HFD group. Neither intervention affected the masses of the gastrocnemius muscle or liver. There were no significant differences in glucose levels across the groups. The homeostatic model assessments of insulin resistance were significantly higher in the HFD group, as compared with the ND, HFDA, HFDE, and HFDEA groups. However, skeletal muscle FNDC-5 levels and plasma irisin concentrations were unaffected by AGE or exercise in obese rats. AGE supplementation and exercise training did not affect skeletal muscle FNDC-5 or plasma irisin, which are associated with insulin sensitivity in obese rats. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the protection against HFD-induced increases in body fat/weight and insulin resistance that are provided by AGE supplementation and exercise training may not be mediated by the regulation of FNDC-5 or irisin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Yun Seo
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Bokji-ro 75, Busanjin, Busan 633-165, Korea
| | - Hyo Bum Kwak
- Department of Kinesiology, Inha University, Incheon 402-751, Korea
| | - Sung Ryul Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Bokji-ro 75, Busanjin, Busan 633-165, Korea
| | - Yeun Suk Cho
- Department of Physical Education, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, Korea
| | - In-Sung Song
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Bokji-ro 75, Busanjin, Busan 633-165, Korea
| | - Nari Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Bokji-ro 75, Busanjin, Busan 633-165, Korea
| | - Hyun Seok Bang
- Division of Humanities and Social Science, POSTECH, Gyecngbuk 790-784, Korea
| | - Byoung Doo Rhee
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Bokji-ro 75, Busanjin, Busan 633-165, Korea
| | - Kyung Soo Ko
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Bokji-ro 75, Busanjin, Busan 633-165, Korea
| | - Byung Joo Park
- Division of Leisure & Sports Science, Dongseo University, Busan 617-716, Korea
| | - Jin Han
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Bokji-ro 75, Busanjin, Busan 633-165, Korea
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Kauffman CA, Freifeld AG, Andes DR, Baddley JW, Herwaldt L, Walker RC, Alexander BD, Anaissie EJ, Benedict K, Ito JI, Knapp KM, Lyon GM, Marr KA, Morrison VA, Park BJ, Patterson TF, Schuster MG, Chiller TM, Pappas PG. Endemic fungal infections in solid organ and hematopoietic cell transplant recipients enrolled in the Transplant-Associated Infection Surveillance Network (TRANSNET). Transpl Infect Dis 2014; 16:213-24. [PMID: 24589027 DOI: 10.1111/tid.12186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2013] [Revised: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 08/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Invasive fungal infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality among solid organ transplant (SOT) and hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients, but few data have been reported on the epidemiology of endemic fungal infections in these populations. METHODS Fifteen institutions belonging to the Transplant-Associated Infection Surveillance Network prospectively enrolled SOT and HCT recipients with histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, or coccidioidomycosis occurring between March 2001 and March 2006. RESULTS A total of 70 patients (64 SOT recipients and 6 HCT recipients) had infection with an endemic mycosis, including 52 with histoplasmosis, 9 with blastomycosis, and 9 with coccidioidomycosis. The 12-month cumulative incidence rate among SOT recipients for histoplasmosis was 0.102%. Occurrence of infection was bimodal; 28 (40%) infections occurred in the first 6 months post transplantation, and 24 (34%) occurred between 2 and 11 years post transplantation. Three patients were documented to have acquired infection from the donor organ. Seven SOT recipients with histoplasmosis and 3 with coccidioidomycosis died (16%); no HCT recipient died. CONCLUSIONS This 5-year multicenter prospective surveillance study found that endemic mycoses occur uncommonly in SOT and HCT recipients, and that the period at risk extends for years after transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Kauffman
- University of Michigan and Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Kim CH, Chung CK, Kim KJ, Park SB, Lee SJ, Yoon SH, Park BJ. Cervical extension magnetic resonance imaging in evaluating cervical spondylotic myelopathy. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2014; 156:259-66. [PMID: 24287683 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-013-1951-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) may be caused by static and dynamic spinal cord compression, particularly during neck extension. Dynamic compression may be better evaluated with dynamic magnetic resonance (MR) images. We performed a retrospective study to determine the clinical indication for dynamic MR imaging, and conducted a survey regarding image interpretation by clinicians. METHOD A total of 32 patients (M:F = 20:12, 60.1 ± 10.7 years) who had undergone neutral/extension cervical MR imaging were included. The study population consisted of 22 patients with signs of cervical myelopathy (M group) and 10 patients without signs of myelopathy (NM group). The number of compression levels (complete obliteration of the anterior and posterior subarachnoid space) was assessed at each level in mid-sagittal, T2-weighted, neutral and extension MR images. Reproduced images from 22 patients in the M group were randomly arranged, and four experienced spine surgeons at four different institutes interpreted them to reach a clinicians' agreement. The agreements were then assessed with inter-rater correlation coefficients (ICC). RESULTS Analysis with extension MR images found an increased number of compression levels in 23/32 (72 %) of patients; 20/22 in the M group and 3/10 in the NM group (p < 0.01, chi-squared test), as compared to findings of the neutral MR images. Clinical factors for increased compression levels in extension MR images were age (p < 0.01, 63.3 ± 10.0 years vs. 51.9 ± 8.1) and signs of myelopathy (p < 0.01, odds ratio, 23.33). Clinician agreement was improved with extension MR images; ICC was 0.67 with neutral and 0.81 with extension MR images. CONCLUSIONS The evaluation of CSM may be improved with dynamic MR images. Dynamic MR scanning may be considered for elderly patients with signs of myelopathy, but an interpretation for asymptomatic spinal compression based exclusively on extension MR image should be made with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Heon Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 110-744, South Korea
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Seo DY, Lee S, Kim N, Ko KS, Rhee BD, Park BJ, Han J. Morning and evening exercise. Integr Med Res 2013; 2:139-144. [PMID: 28664065 PMCID: PMC5481716 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2013.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Revised: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that exercise may contribute to preventing pathological changes, treating multiple chronic diseases, and reducing mortality and morbidity ratios. Scientific evidence moreover shows that exercise plays a key role in improving health-related physical fitness components and hormone function. Regular exercise training is one of the few strategies that has been strictly adapted in healthy individuals and in athletes. However, time-dependent exercise has different outcomes, based on the exercise type, duration, and hormone adaptation. In the present review, we therefore briefly describe the type, duration, and adaptation of exercise performed in the morning and evening. In addition, we discuss the clinical considerations and indications for exercise training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Yun Seo
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Korea
| | - SungRyul Lee
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Korea
| | - Nari Kim
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Korea
| | - Kyung Soo Ko
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Korea
| | - Byoung Doo Rhee
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Korea
| | - Byung Joo Park
- Division of Leisure and Sports Science, Dong Seo University, Busan, Korea
| | - Jin Han
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Korea
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Choi NK, Lee J, Chang Y, Jung SY, Kim YJ, Lee SM, Lee JH, Kim JY, Song HJ, Park BJ. Polyethylene glycol bowel preparation does not eliminate the risk of acute renal failure: a population-based case-crossover study. Endoscopy 2013; 45:208-13. [PMID: 23322476 DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1326031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS Polyethylene glycol (PEG) bowel preparations are regarded as effective and safe for colonoscopy; however, recent reports have indicated a risk of acute renal failure (ARF). This population-based case-crossover study evaluated the association between PEG and ARF in screening colonoscopy patients aged ≥ 50 years. PATIENTS AND METHODS Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) claims data from 1 January 2005 to 31 December 2009 were used in the study. The study population consisted of patients aged ≥ 50 years who were first hospitalized for ARF following colonoscopy involving PEG bowel preparation. For each patient, PEG use in a 1-, 2-, or 4-week period prior to the first hospital admission date for ARF (hazard period) was compared with PEG use in four earlier 1-, 2-, or 4-week control periods. Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for concomitant medications that could induce ARF. RESULTS The total number of study patients was 1064 (59 % were male). A greater proportion of patients used PEG during the hazard period than during the control periods (for 4-week time window: 8.8 % vs. 3.2 %). The adjusted ORs for ARF incidence when applying the 1-, 2-, and 4-week periods were 3.1 (95 %CI 2.06 - 4.73), 2.5 (95 %CI 1.76 - 3.53), and 2.1 (95 %CI 1.61 - 4.85), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The use of PEG was associated with the risk of ARF. Adequate hydration and renal function monitoring should be assured before and after colonoscopy, regardless of the bowel preparation regimen used.
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Affiliation(s)
- N K Choi
- Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Hospital/Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Lee TS, Kang SB, Kim YT, Park BJ, Kim YM, Lee JM, Kim SM, Kim YT, Kim JH, Kim KT. Chemoradiation with paclitaxel and carboplatin in high-risk cervical cancer patients after radical hysterectomy: a Korean Gynecologic Oncology Group study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2013; 86:304-10. [PMID: 23642625 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2012] [Revised: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of concurrent chemoradiation with paclitaxel and carboplatin in patients with high-risk cervical cancer. METHODS AND MATERIALS Patients after radical hysterectomy for cervical cancer, with at least 1 high-risk characteristic, were administered paclitaxel 135 mg/m(2), carboplatin area under the curve = 5 every 3 weeks for 3 cycles concomitant with radiation therapy as adjuvant treatment. RESULTS This prospective study enrolled 71 consecutive patients. Sixty-six patients (93%) completed the planned treatment. The majority of grade 3/4 neutropenia or nonhematologic toxicities were usually self-limited. Diarrhea grades 3/4 were observed in 4 patients (5.6%). One patient developed anaphylactic shock after infusion of paclitaxel. With a median follow-up of 57 months, recurrences occurred in 16 patients. Multivariable analysis indicated that common iliac lymph node involvement is an independent risk factor for disease recurrence (odds ratio 13.48; 95% confidence interval 2.93-62.03). In the intent-to-treat population (n=71), the estimated 5-year disease-free survival and overall survival rates were 77.3% and 80.3% respectively. In the per-protocol population (n=62), disease-free survival was 78.9% and overall survival was 83.9%. CONCLUSIONS Concurrent chemoradiation with paclitaxel/carboplatin is well tolerated and seems to be effective for patients who undergo radical hysterectomy. Therefore, a prospective, randomized controlled study should be designed to evaluate efficacy of this approach for patients with high-risk cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taek Sang Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Kang WY, Sung DJ, Park BJ, Kim MJ, Han NY, Cho SB, Kang CH, Kang SH. Perihilar branching patterns of renal artery and extrarenal length of arterial branches and tumour-feeding arteries on multidetector CT angiography. Br J Radiol 2013; 86:20120387. [PMID: 23418206 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20120387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of our study was to assess the extrarenal length of renal arterial branches and tumour-feeding arteries on multidetector CT (MDCT) angiography, in addition to the perihilar branching patterns, with relevance to segmental artery clamping. METHODS MDCT angiograms of 64 patients with renal masses <4 cm were retrospectively reviewed by 2 radiologists. The perihilar branching patterns of the single main renal artery were assessed according to the number of pre-segmental and segmental arteries. The extrarenal lengths of segmental plus pre-segmental arteries and the tumour-feeding arteries, measured on volume-rendered images, were compared according to the vascular segmentation and the tumour location, respectively. RESULTS In the 116 kidneys, 1 pre-segmental plus 5 segmental arteries (n=48) was the most common branching pattern. The mean extrarenal length of the inferior segmental plus pre-segmental arteries (33.05 mm) and the posterior segmental plus pre-segmental arteries (32.30 mm) was longer than any of the other segmental plus pre-segmental arteries (apical, 23.87 mm; superior, 26.80 mm; middle, 29.23 mm) (p<0.05). The mean extrarenal length of the lower pole tumour-feeding arteries (35.94 mm) was longer than those of the upper and mid-pole tumour-feeding arteries (24.95 mm, 29.62 mm), with significant difference between the lower and the upper pole tumour-feeding arteries (p<0.05). CONCLUSION Tumours in the lower pole, supplied by the inferior or posterior segmental artery, may be more amenable to segmental artery clamping. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE MDCT angiography with volume rendering can demonstrate the extrarenal length of tumour-feeding arteries and may help in determining the accessibility for segmental artery clamping.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Y Kang
- Department of Radiology, Anam Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Joshi SK, Joshi A, Park BJ, Aryal UR. Hand washing practice among health care workers in a teaching hospital. J Nepal Health Res Counc 2013; 11:1-5. [PMID: 23787516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health care associated infection has been identified as one of the major challenges of modern medicine and remains as a major health concern around the globe. Hands of the health-care workers are potential vehicle for transmission of pathogenic organisms within the healthcare environment. Hand washing is widely accepted as one of the most effective measures in prevention of health care associated infections. METHODS A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the hand washing practice among the doctors, intern doctors, nurses, medical students and nursing students in a multi specialty, non government tertiary care teaching hospital in Kathmandu. Summary statistics and chi-square tests were performed and the type I error was set at 0.05 for analysis. RESULTS Out of the total 336 participants of the study, there was significant difference in hand washing practice among the participants (P<0.001). Hand washing practice both before and after the patient examination was found to be highest among the nursing students followed by the nurses. The frequency of hand washing after exposure to hospital instruments, blood or other body fluids among the participants was remarkably high (more than 90%) in all groups. Nearly 99% of the participants agreed upon the fact that hand washing could be an effective measure in preventing health care associated infections. CONCLUSIONS The healthcare workers understand the importance of hand washing but tend to wash their hands selectively depending upon the indications. The majority of the health care workers wash their hands after the patient care than before.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Joshi
- Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital, Sinamangal, Kathmandu, Nepal. drsunilkj@ gmail.com
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Park MY, Yoon D, Choi NK, Lee J, Lee K, Lim HS, Park BJ, Kim JH, Park RW. Construction of an open-access QT database for detecting the proarrhythmia potential of marketed drugs: ECG-ViEW. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2012; 92:393-6. [PMID: 22828716 DOI: 10.1038/clpt.2012.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Information about the QT interval from surface electrocardiograms (ECGs) is essential for surveillance of the proarrhythmia potential of marketed drugs. However, ECG records obtained in daily practice cannot be easily used for this purpose without labor-intensive manual effort. This study was aimed at constructing an open-access QT database, the Electrocardiogram Vigilance with Electronic Data Warehouse (ECG-ViEW). This longitudinal observational database contains 710,369 measurements of QT and associated clinical data from 371,401 patients. The de-identified database is freely available at http://www.ecgview.org.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Y Park
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
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Seo DY, Lee SR, Kim HK, Baek YH, Kwak YS, Ko TH, Kim N, Rhee BD, Ko KS, Park BJ, Han J. Independent beneficial effects of aged garlic extract intake with regular exercise on cardiovascular risk in postmenopausal women. Nutr Res Pract 2012; 6:226-31. [PMID: 22808347 PMCID: PMC3395788 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2012.6.3.226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Revised: 05/07/2012] [Accepted: 05/12/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to assess the effects of a 12 weeks aged garlic extract (AGE) regimen with regular exercise on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in postmenopausal women. A total of 30 postmenopausal women (54.4 ± 5.4 years) were randomly divided into the following four groups: Placebo (Placebo; n = 6), AGE intake (AGEI; n = 8), exercise and placebo (Ex + Placebo; n = 8), exercise and AGE (Ex + AGE; n = 8) groups. The AGE group consume 80 mg per day, and exercise groups performed moderate exercise (aerobic and resistance) three times per week. After 12 weeks of treatment, body composition, lipid profile, and CVD risk factors were analyzed. Body weight was significantly decreased in AGEI, Ex + Placebo, and Ex + AGE groups compared to baseline. Body fat % was significantly decreased in the AGEI and Ex + Placebo groups. Body mass index (BMI) was significantly decreased in the AGEI, Ex + Placebo, and Ex + AGE groups. Fat-free mass was significantly decreased in the AGEI group. Total cholesterol (TC) was significantly lower in the Ex + Placebo compared to the Placebo group. AGE supplementation or exercise effectively reduced low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C). Triglyceride (TG) was significantly increased in the AGEI group. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly decreased in the AGEI, Ex + Placebo, and Ex + AGE compared to the placebo group. AGE supplementation reduced homocysteine levels regardless of whether the women also exercised. The present results suggest that AGE supplementation reduces cardiovascular risk factors independently of exercise in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Yun Seo
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, 633-165, Gaegeum-dong, Busanjin-gu, Busan 614-735, Korea
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Seo DY, Lee S, Figueroa A, Kim HK, Baek YH, Kwak YS, Kim N, Choi TH, Rhee BD, Ko KS, Park BJ, Park SY, Han J. Yoga training improves metabolic parameters in obese boys. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol 2012; 16:175-80. [PMID: 22802698 PMCID: PMC3394919 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2012.16.3.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Revised: 04/25/2012] [Accepted: 05/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Yoga has been known to have stimulatory or inhibitory effects on the metabolic parameters and to be uncomplicated therapy for obesity. The purpose of the present study was to test the effect of an 8-week of yoga-asana training on body composition, lipid profile, and insulin resistance (IR) in obese adolescent boys. Twenty volunteers with body mass index (BMI) greater than the 95th percentile were randomly assigned to yoga (age 14.7±0.5 years, n=10) and control groups (age 14.6±1.0 years, n=10). The yoga group performed exercises three times per week at 40~60% of heart-rate reserve (HRR) for 8 weeks. IR was determined with the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). After yoga training, body weight, BMI, fat mass (FM), and body fat % (BF %) were significantly decreased, and fat-free mass and basal metabolic rate were significantly increased than baseline values. FM and BF % were significantly improved in the yoga group compared with the control group (p<0.05). Total cholesterol (TC) was significantly decreased in the yoga group (p<0.01). HDL-cholesterol was decreased in both groups (p<0.05). No significant changes were observed between or within groups for triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol, glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR. Our findings show that an 8-week of yoga training improves body composition and TC levels in obese adolescent boys, suggesting that yoga training may be effective in controlling some metabolic syndrome factors in obese adolescent boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Yun Seo
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan 614-735, Korea
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Kim CH, Chung CK, Hong HS, Kim EH, Kim MJ, Park BJ. Validation of a simple computerized tool for measuring spinal and pelvic parameters. J Neurosurg Spine 2012; 16:154-62. [DOI: 10.3171/2011.10.spine11367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Object
Recent studies have emphasized measuring the sagittal vertical axis (SVA) and pelvic parameters (pelvic incidence, sacral slope, and pelvic tilt) when evaluating spinal disorders. An accurate and reproducible measurement is important for a reliable result. Although computerized measurement is more consistent than manual measurement, computerized measurement requires an expensive software program, the need to transfer images to a workstation, and additional education for users. An inexpensive and convenient computerized measurement program is desirable and necessary. The object of this study was to propose a computerized tool for measuring spinal and pelvic parameters and to evaluate the efficacy of this new tool compared with manual measurement.
Methods
The authors devised a tool that provides computerized measurements of the SVA and pelvic parameters in a picture archiving and communication system (PACS) without transferring images to another program. This tool was created by merging functions in the PACS. The resulting tool is easy to implement by merging functions (indicate the center of 2 points, plot a vertical and a horizontal line from a point, and measure the angles between lines) in any image viewer. The tool was made into icons on a toolbar in the PACS. Measurements of distance and angle were computerized by identifying crucial points after selecting the icon. For SVA, 4 points were identified around each corner of the C-7 body and a fifth point at the superior/posterior corner of the S-1 body. For pelvic parameters, 4 points were identified at the centers of each femoral head and at the anterior/superior and posterior/superior corners of S-1. Thirty-three whole-spine lateral radiographs were randomly selected from the radiographic database. To evaluate inter- and intraobserver variability between observers and method, skilled (2 years of experience) and unskilled (1 week of experience) observers measured SVA and pelvic parameters 3 times with a 7-day interval between each time using both computerized and manual measurement methods. The reliability was measured using the intraclass correlation coefficient.
Results
The computerized method showed better congruity than the manual method in both skilled and unskilled observers (p < 0.05), and the intraclass correlation coefficients were > 0.9. The skilled observer showed better agreement than the unskilled observer with both computerized and manual methods, and this difference was prominent in measuring pelvic parameters (p < 0.05). The computerized method required less time than the manual method, especially for the unskilled observer (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
A computerized measurement of pelvic parameters may be a more reliable and efficacious approach than manual measurements. This benefit is more prominent in the unskilled observer, and adding this simple function to an image viewer may be recommended in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Heon Kim
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine
- 2Neuroscience Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center
- 3Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital
| | - Chun Kee Chung
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine
- 2Neuroscience Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center
- 3Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital
| | - Hee Suk Hong
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine
| | - Eun Hyun Kim
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine
| | - Min Jung Kim
- 4Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine; and
| | - Byung Joo Park
- 4Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine; and
- 5Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Rhee CW, Lee J, Oh S, Choi NK, Park BJ. Use of bisphosphonate and risk of atrial fibrillation in older women with osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int 2012; 23:247-54. [PMID: 21431993 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-011-1608-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2010] [Accepted: 03/03/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Concerns have been raised among clinicians and patients whether or not bisphosphonates increase the risk of atrial fibrillation. In this large cohort study, increased risk of atrial fibrillation was not found to be associated with bisphosphonate. In fact, bisphosphonate even showed a protective effect against cardiac arrhythmia compared to other osteoporosis medications. INTRODUCTION Increased risk of atrial fibrillation among bisphosphonate users has been reported; however, the results from these studies are controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk of atrial fibrillation associated with bisphosphonate use in older women. METHODS We used the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service claims database from May 1, 2005 to June 30, 2006. Retrospective cohort analysis was conducted on women 65 years or older with newly diagnosed cases of osteoporosis (ICD 10 code: M80, M81) who had not previously taken any medications for osteoporosis. Bisphosphonate-exposed and non-exposed patients were followed until they were either diagnosed with atrial fibrillation (ICD 10 code: I48) or until the end of the study. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate hazard ratios and the 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS Atrial fibrillation was reported in 626 of the 120,319 patients (0.52%) treated with bisphosphonates and 66 of 9,863 patients (0.67%) treated with other osteoporosis medications. Overall hazard ratio for developing atrial fibrillation in the bisphosphonate-treated group was 0.52 (95% CIs, 0.29-0.91). In patients with a medication possession ratio greater than 0.7, the hazard ratio was lower (HR 0.41, 95% CIs 0.23-0.75). In the subgroup analysis, alendronate showed a statistically significant protective effect against the risk of atrial fibrillation with a hazard ratio of 0.75 (95% CI, 0.58-0.97). CONCLUSION Among older Korean women with osteoporosis, bisphosphonate was found to have a protective effect against atrial fibrillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C W Rhee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehangno, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 110-799, South Korea
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Rhee CW, Kim JY, Park BJ, Li ZM, Ahn YO. Impact of individual and combined health behaviors on all causes of premature mortality among middle aged men in Korea: the Seoul Male Cohort Study. J Prev Med Public Health 2012; 45:14-20. [PMID: 22389754 PMCID: PMC3278600 DOI: 10.3961/jpmph.2012.45.1.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Accepted: 10/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate and quantify the risk of both individual and combined health behaviors on premature mortality in middle aged men in Korea. METHODS In total, 14 533 male subjects 40 to 59 years of age were recruited. At enrollment, subjects completed a baseline questionnaire, which included information about socio-demographic factors, past medical history, and life style. During the follow-up period from 1993 to 2008, we identified 990 all-cause premature deaths using national death certificates. A Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of each health risk behavior, which included smoking, drinking, physical inactivity, and lack of sleep hours. Using the Cox model, each health behavior was assigned a risk score proportional to its regression coefficient value. Health risk scores were calculated for each patient and the HR of all-cause premature mortality was calculated according to risk score. RESULTS Current smoking and drinking, high body mass index, less sleep hours, and less education were significantly associated with all-cause premature mortality, while regular exercise was associated with a reduced risk. When combined by health risk score, there was a strong trend for increased mortality risk with increased score (p-trend < 0.01). When compared with the 1-9 score group, HRs of the 10-19 and 20-28 score groups were 2.58 (95% confidence intervals [CIs], 2.19 to 3.03) and 7.09 (95% CIs, 5.21 to 9.66), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Modifiable risk factors, such as smoking, drinking, and regular exercise, have considerable impact on premature mortality and should be assessed in combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chul Woo Rhee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Young Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Joo Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Zhong Min Li
- Institute of Radiation Effect & Epidemiology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon-Ok Ahn
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Radiation Effect & Epidemiology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
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Hong SJ, Sung IK, Kim JG, Lee SW, Choi SC, Yang CH, Lee SI, Lee DH, Kim GH, Jeon SW, Park MI, Park SK, Park BJ, Seol SY. Failure of a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of H. pylori Eradication in H. pylori-Infected Patients with Functional Dyspepsia. Gut Liver 2011; 5:468-71. [PMID: 22195245 PMCID: PMC3240790 DOI: 10.5009/gnl.2011.5.4.468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2011] [Accepted: 04/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims The role of Helicobacter pylori eradication in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) is still uncertain. We originally planned a randomized clinical study to observe dyspeptic symptoms after H. pylori eradication therapy. However, we failed to complete the study; therefore, we analyzed the factors that affected the failure of the study. Methods Interviews and questionnaire surveys were conducted to analyze the factors that induced early termination from the study. Results Many patients were screened by gastroenterologists at 11 tertiary referral hospitals between July 2009 and August 2010; however, only 4 patients met the enrollment criteria. Most patients who visited our clinics had been experiencing FD symptoms for less than 6 months or were already taking medication. They also demanded to continue taking medications and using other drugs. Only 3 of the 4 patients signed informed consent. Conclusions The application of the current Rome III criteria to FD is difficult to evaluate in Korean patients with dyspeptic symptoms because of the early medical evaluation. Most Korean patients who were diagnosed with FD by the Rome III criteria did not overcome their fear of being unable to use rescue medications during the study period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Jin Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
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Park BJ, Shetty S, Ahlquist A, Greenbaum A, Miller JL, Motsi A, McCarthy K, Govender N. Long-term follow-up and survival of antiretroviral-naive patients with cryptococcal meningitis in the pre-antiretroviral therapy era, Gauteng Province, South Africa. Int J STD AIDS 2011; 22:199-203. [PMID: 21515751 DOI: 10.1258/ijsa.2010.010235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is a major cause of death among HIV-infected persons in sub-Saharan Africa. We conducted a study to describe the long-term outcomes during the pre-antiretroviral post-ART therapy period. Enrolled cases were those detected through population-based surveillance in Gauteng Province, South Africa, and diagnosed during March-November 2002 and July-September 2003 from eight large hospitals representing academic, provincial and rural settings. Of 1089 case-patients diagnosed with CM, 721 (70%) survived to discharge. Among the 256 with follow-up information, 154 (60%) were established to have died, 44% of whom died as outpatients. Overall, the 14- and 90-day survival post-diagnosis was 68% and 41%, respectively. On Cox proportional hazards multivariable analysis, severe disease was associated with shorter survival time; having received any antifungal treatment for the cryptococcal episode was associated with increased survival time at follow-up. Although most patients in this cohort survived the initial hospitalization, only 41% were still alive three months after diagnosis, with nearly half of deaths occurring outside a hospital. These data are an important baseline from which to measure effectiveness of public health management of CM in South Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- B J Park
- Mycotic Diseases Branch, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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Kang MH, Choi HR, Kim HS, Park BJ. Development of a maritime transportation planning support system for car carriers based on genetic algorithm. APPL INTELL 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10489-011-0278-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Park BJ. Clinical preventive service and scientific evidence-II. J Korean Med Assoc 2011. [DOI: 10.5124/jkma.2011.54.10.1004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Byung Joo Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Park BJ. Clinical preventive service and scientific evidence. J Korean Med Assoc 2011. [DOI: 10.5124/jkma.2011.54.3.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Byung Joo Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim SG, Song HJ, Choi IJ, Cho JY, Jung HY, Keum B, Cheon JH, Lee YC, Kim JG, Park SK, Park BJ, Jung HC. A Planned Prospective, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Multicenter Trial Assessing the Effect of Helicobacter pylori Eradication on the Healing of Iatrogenic Ulcer after Endoscopic Resection of Gastric Neoplasm. Gut Liver 2010; 4:514-7. [PMID: 21253301 DOI: 10.5009/gnl.2010.4.4.514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2010] [Accepted: 11/08/2010] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Helicobacter pylori eradication may facilitate the healing of iatrogenic ulcer after endoscopic resection of gastric neoplasm. This study involved designing a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial, performed by the Korean College of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research and the Medical Research Collaboration Center, Seoul National University Hospital. METHODS We intend to enroll up to 232 patients H.-pylori-positive patients who have gastric adenoma or early gastric cancer after endoscopic resection. The enrolled patients are being randomly allocated to the H.-pylori-eradication-plus-proton-pump-inhibitor group or the placebo-plus-proton-pump-inhibitor group based on their histology results and the size of the resected specimen. After random allocation, the iatrogenic ulcer size and stage are evaluated at 4- and 8-week follow-ups (with a window of ±7 days). The primary end point is the healing rate of the ulcer by stage, and the secondary end point is the rate of ulcer size reduction, relief rate from ulcer-related symptoms, and adverse-event rates. RESULTS More than 90% of the target subjects have already been enrolled into the study and are receiving ongoing periodic monitoring by the Medical Research Collaboration Center. CONCLUSIONS Completion of the study should reveal whether H. pylori eradication can facilitate the healing of ulcer after endoscopic resection in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Gyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Alexander BD, Schell WA, Siston AM, Rao CY, Bower WA, Balajee SA, Howell DN, Moore ZS, Noble-Wang J, Rhyne JA, Fleischauer AT, Maillard JM, Kuehnert M, Vikraman D, Collins BH, Marroquin CE, Park BJ. Fatal Apophysomyces elegans infection transmitted by deceased donor renal allografts. Am J Transplant 2010; 10:2161-7. [PMID: 20883549 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2010.03216.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Two patients developed renal mucormycosis following transplantation of kidneys from the same donor, a near-drowning victim in a motor vehicle crash. Genotypically, indistinguishable strains of Apophysomyces elegans were recovered from both recipients. We investigated the source of the infection including review of medical records, environmental sampling at possible locations of contamination and query for additional cases at other centers. Histopathology of the explanted kidneys revealed extensive vascular invasion by aseptate, fungal hyphae with relative sparing of the renal capsules suggesting a vascular route of contamination. Disseminated infection in the donor could not be definitively established. A. elegans was not recovered from the same lots of reagents used for organ recovery or environmental samples and no other organ transplant-related cases were identified. This investigation suggests either isolated contamination of the organs during recovery or undiagnosed disseminated donor infection following a near-drowning event. Although no changes to current organ recovery or transplant procedures are recommended, public health officials and transplant physicians should consider the possibility of mucormycosis transmitted via organs in the future, particularly for near-drowning events. Attention to aseptic technique during organ recovery and processing is re-emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- B D Alexander
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
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Li Q, Kobayashi M, Wakayama Y, Inagaki H, Katsumata M, Hirata Y, Hirata K, Shimizu T, Kawada T, Park BJ, Ohira T, Kagawa T, Miyazaki Y. Effect of phytoncide from trees on human natural killer cell function. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2010; 22:951-9. [PMID: 20074458 DOI: 10.1177/039463200902200410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that the forest environment enhanced human natural killer (NK) cell activity, the number of NK cells, and intracellular anti-cancer proteins in lymphocytes, and that the increased NK activity lasted for more than 7 days after trips to forests both in male and female subjects. To explore the factors in the forest environment that activated human NK cells, in the present study we investigate the effect of essential oils from trees on human immune function in twelve healthy male subjects, age 37-60 years, who stayed at an urban hotel for 3 nights from 7.00 p.m. to 8.00 a.m. Aromatic volatile substances (phytoncides) were produced by vaporizing Chamaecyparis obtusa (hinoki cypress) stem oil with a humidifier in the hotel room during the night stay. Blood samples were taken on the last day and urine samples were analysed every day during the stay. NK activity, the percentages of NK and T cells, and granulysin, perforin, granzyme A/B-expressing lymphocytes in blood, and the concentrations of adrenaline and noradrenaline in urine were measured. Similar control measurements were made before the stay on a normal working day. The concentrations of phytoncides in the hotel room air were measured. Phytoncide exposure significantly increased NK activity and the percentages of NK, perforin, granulysin, and granzyme A/B-expressing cells, and significantly decreased the percentage of T cells, and the concentrations of adrenaline and noradrenaline in urine. Phytoncides, such as alpha-pinene and beta-pinene, were detected in the hotel room air. These findings indicate that phytoncide exposure and decreased stress hormone levels may partially contribute to increased NK activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Li
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
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Lim WS, Park JB, Park JY, Park BJ, Yeom GY. Low damage atomic layer etching of ZrO2 by using BCl3 gas and ar neutral beam. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2009; 9:7379-7382. [PMID: 19908792 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2009.1748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the etch characteristics of ZrO2 etched using an atomic layer etching (ALET) system with BCl3 gas for adsorption and an Ar neutral beam for desorption. The effect of the BCl3 gas pressure and Ar neutral beam dose on the etch characteristics was examined. The results showed that the ZrO2 etch rate was maintained at a constant etch rate of 1.07 angstroms/cycle at a BCl3 gas pressure > 0.15 mTorr and an Ar beam flux > 1.485 x 1016 atoms/cm2 x cycle. Under these constant etch rate conditions, the surface roughness of the etched ZrO2 was similar to that of the as-received ZrO2. The surface composition of ZrO2 etched by ALET was compared with that etched by BCl3 inductively coupled plasma (ICP). The surface composition of ZrO2 etched by ALET showed a similar composition to that of the as-received ZrO2 while that etched by BCl3 ICP showed a Zr-rich surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- W S Lim
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Kyunggi-do 440-746, Korea
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