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Zheng M, Hesketh KD, Vuillermin P, Dodd J, Wen LM, Baur LA, Taylor R, Byrne R, Mihrshahi S, Sly PD, Tang MLK, Campbell KJ. Determinants of rapid infant weight gain: A pooled analysis of seven cohorts. Pediatr Obes 2022; 17:e12928. [PMID: 35510714 PMCID: PMC9540679 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rapid weight gain (RWG) in infancy is strongly associated with subsequent obesity risk, but little is known about the factors driving RWG. This study explored the child and maternal factors associated with infant RWG. METHODS Data from seven Australian and New Zealand cohorts were used (n = 4542). Infant RWG was defined as a change in weight z-score ≥0.67 from birth to age 1 year. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression assessed the association between child and maternal factors and infant RWG in each cohort. Meta-analysis was conducted to obtain pooled effect sizes. RESULTS Multivariable analyses revealed boys were more likely to experience RWG (OR 1.42 95% CI 1.22, 1.66) than girls. Higher birth weight in kg (OR 0.09, 95% CI 0.04, 0.20) and gestational age in weeks (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.48, 0.98) were associated with lower RWG risk. Children who were breastfed for ≥6 months showed lower RWG risk (OR 0.45, 95% CI 0.38, 0.53). Children of native-born versus overseas-born women appeared to have higher RWG risk (OR 1.37, 95% CI 0.99, 1.90). Maternal smoking during pregnancy increased RWG risk (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.28, 2.01), whereas children who started solids ≥6 months (OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.63, 0.93) and children with siblings (OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.57, 0.81) showed lower RWG risk in univariable analysis, but these associations were attenuated in multivariable analysis. No association was found for maternal age, education, marital status and pre-pregnancy BMI. CONCLUSION Maternal country of birth, smoking status, child sex, birth weight, gestational age, infant feeding and parity were potential determinants of infant RWG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaobing Zheng
- Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition SciencesGeelongAustralia
| | - Kylie D. Hesketh
- Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition SciencesGeelongAustralia
| | | | - Jodie Dodd
- Discipline of Obstetrics and GynaecologyThe Robinson Research Institute, The University of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Li Ming Wen
- School of Public Health and Sydney Medical SchoolThe University of SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - Louise A. Baur
- School of Public Health and Sydney Medical SchoolThe University of SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - Rachael Taylor
- Department of MedicineUniversity of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
| | - Rebecca Byrne
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of HealthQueensland University of TechnologyKelvin GroveQueenslandAustralia
| | - Seema Mihrshahi
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of MedicineHealth and Human Sciences, Macquarie UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Peter D. Sly
- Children's Health and Environment ProgramThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
| | | | - Karen J. Campbell
- Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition SciencesGeelongAustralia
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Wang H, Smits L, Putrik P. Spatial variation in tobacco smoking among pregnant women in South Limburg, the Netherlands, 2016–2018: Small area estimations using a Bayesian approach. Spat Spatiotemporal Epidemiol 2022; 42:100525. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sste.2022.100525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Rotevatn TA, Melendez-Torres GJ, Overgaard C, Peven K, Hyldgaard Nilsen J, Bøggild H, Høstgaard AMB. Understanding rapid infant weight gain prevention: a systematic review of quantitative and qualitative evidence. Eur J Public Health 2020; 30:703-712. [PMID: 31410463 PMCID: PMC7445039 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckz140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rapid infant weight gain (RIWG) is strongly related to childhood overweight and obesity, and prevention of RIWG is an approach to early years obesity prevention. This systematic review aimed to explore effectiveness, deliverers' and recipients' experiences of involvement, and key intervention components and processes of such prevention activities. METHODS Key databases and websites were searched systematically for quantitative and qualitative studies covering intervention effectiveness, experiences with intervention involvement or process outcomes. After duplicate screening and quality assessment, papers were analyzed through narrative synthesis, thematic synthesis and intervention component analysis. RESULTS Seven quantitative and seven qualitative studies were eligible for inclusion. Most intervention studies reported small, but significant results on infant weight gain. More significant results were measured on weight gain during the first compared with the second year of life. A weak evidence base made elaboration of the relationship between intervention effectiveness and content challenging. Home-delivered interventions may be more relevant for parents. Contextual factors, such as social norms, beliefs and professional identity should be considered during intervention development. Stakeholder involvement can be key to increase intervention acceptability and feasibility. CONCLUSIONS The field of RIWG prevention is new and evolving, but more research is needed before further conclusions about intervention effectiveness and intervention content can be drawn. Future interventions should take parents, health professionals and other contextual needs into account to improve chances of success. More research on long-term effects on overweight and obesity is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torill A Rotevatn
- Public Health and Epidemiology Group, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - G J Melendez-Torres
- DECIPHer, Cardiff School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Charlotte Overgaard
- Public Health and Epidemiology Group, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Kimberly Peven
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Jane Hyldgaard Nilsen
- Public Health and Epidemiology Group, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Midwifery, University College of Northern Denmark, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Henrik Bøggild
- Public Health and Epidemiology Group, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Unit of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Anna Marie Balling Høstgaard
- Public Health and Epidemiology Group, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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Relationship between prenatal and postnatal conditions and accelerated postnatal growth. Impact on the rigidity of the arterial wall and obesity in childhood. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2020; 10:436-446. [PMID: 31347487 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174418001058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Restricted growth in utero and accelerated postnatal growth (APG) in the postnatal period have been associated with the development of overweight, obesity and an increased cardiovascular risk in childhood. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the influence of prenatal and perinatal conditions on APG and to evaluate the influence of this APG on different cardiovascular risk factors such as body mass index (BMI), body fat mass index (FMI), blood pressure (BP) and arterial wall stiffness [carotid to femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV)]. All measurements were performed in 355 children (185 boys and 170 girls; 8-11 years). Data on mother weight before and during pregnancy, gestational age (weeks), birth weight (g) and breastfeeding of children were obtained through interviews with families. Children who presented APG were born of mothers with lower BMIs before pregnancy and who gained less weight during the second trimester of pregnancy. They also have a lower gestational age and birth weight, a shorter duration of breastfeeding and a longer duration of artificial feeding (AF). Later in childhood, they had higher values of cf-PWV, BMI, FMI and higher prevalence of hypertension. Low maternal gestational weight gain, inadequate fetal development (low birth weight, shorter gestational age) and reduced breastfeeding duration favor APG. Infants with such APG had higher values of cf-PWV, BP, BMI and FMI later in childhood, along with a higher risk of hypertension and obesity. The interaction between APG and a longer duration of AF had a negative effect on cf-PWV (arterial stiffness) and FMI.
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Zheng M, Lamb KE, Grimes C, Laws R, Bolton K, Ong KK, Campbell K. Rapid weight gain during infancy and subsequent adiposity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of evidence. Obes Rev 2018; 19:321-332. [PMID: 29052309 PMCID: PMC6203317 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The contribution of rapid weight gain (RWG) during infancy to later adiposity has received considerable investigation. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to update the literature on association between RWG and subsequent adiposity outcomes. Electronic searches were undertaken in EMBASE, MEDLINE, psycINFO, PubMed and ScienceDirect. Studies that examined the associations between RWG (a change in weight z-scores > 0.67) during infancy (from birth to age 2 years) and subsequent adiposity outcomes were included. Random effects meta-analysis was conducted to obtain the weighted-pooled estimates of the odds of overweight/obesity for those with RWG. Seventeen studies were eligible for inclusion with the majority of studies (15/17) being of high/acceptable quality and reporting positive associations between RWG during infancy and later adiposity outcomes. RWG in infancy was associated with overweight/obesity from childhood to adulthood (pooled odds ratio = 3.66, 95% confidence interval: 2.59-5.17, I2 > 75%). Subgroup analyses revealed that RWG during infancy was associated with higher odds of overweight/obesity in childhood than in adulthood, and RWG from birth to 1 year was associated with higher odds of overweight/obesity than RWG from birth to 2 years. The present study supports that RWG during infancy is a significant predictor of adiposity in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaobing Zheng
- Deakin University, Geelong, Australia, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences
| | - Karen E Lamb
- Deakin University, Geelong, Australia, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences
| | - Carley Grimes
- Deakin University, Geelong, Australia, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences
| | - Rachel Laws
- Deakin University, Geelong, Australia, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences
| | - Kristy Bolton
- Deakin University, Geelong, Australia, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences
| | - Ken K. Ong
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, and Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Karen Campbell
- Deakin University, Geelong, Australia, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences
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Braithwaite I, Stewart AW, Hancox RJ, Beasley R, Murphy R, Mitchell EA. Maternal post-natal tobacco use and current parental tobacco use is associated with higher body mass index in children and adolescents: an international cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatr 2015; 15:220. [PMID: 26699863 PMCID: PMC4690230 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-015-0538-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated whether maternal smoking in the first year of life or any current parental smoking is associated with childhood or adolescent body mass index (BMI). METHODS Secondary analysis of data from a multi-centre, multi-country, cross-sectional study (ISAAC Phase Three). Parents/guardians of children aged 6-7 years completed questionnaires about their children's current height and weight, whether their mother smoked in the first year of the child's life and current smoking habits of both parents. Adolescents aged 13-14 years completed questionnaires about their height, weight and current parental smoking habits. A general linear mixed model was used to determine the association between BMI and parental smoking. RESULTS 77,192 children (18 countries) and 194 727 adolescents (35 countries) were included. The BMI of children exposed to maternal smoking during their first year of life was 0.11 kg/m(2) greater than those who were not (P = 0.0033). The BMI of children of currently smoking parents was greater than those with non-smoking parents (maternal smoking: +0.08 kg/m(2) (P = 0.0131), paternal smoking: +0.10 kg/m(2) (P < 0.0001)). The BMI of female adolescents exposed to maternal or paternal smoking was 0.23 kg/m(2) and 0.09 kg/m(2) greater respectively than those who were not exposed (P < 0.0001). The BMI of male adolescents was greater with maternal smoking exposure, but not paternal smoking (0.19 kg/m(2), P < 0.0001 and 0.03 kg/m(2), P = 0.14 respectively). CONCLUSION Parental smoking is associated with higher BMI values in children and adolescents. Whether this is due to a direct effect of parental smoking or to confounding cannot be established from this observational study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Braithwaite
- Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Private Bag 7902, Newtown, Wellington, 6242, New Zealand.
| | - Alistair W Stewart
- School of Population Health, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Robert J Hancox
- Department of Preventive & Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand.
| | - Richard Beasley
- Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Private Bag 7902, Newtown, Wellington, 6242, New Zealand.
| | - Rinki Murphy
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Edwin A Mitchell
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
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Perrin EM, Von Holle A, Zerwas S, Skinner AC, Reba-Harrelson L, Hamer RM, Stoltenberg C, Torgersen L, Reichborn-Kjennerud T, Bulik CM. Weight-for-length trajectories in the first year of life in children of mothers with eating disorders in a large Norwegian Cohort. Int J Eat Disord 2015; 48:406-14. [PMID: 24782279 PMCID: PMC4482472 DOI: 10.1002/eat.22290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Revised: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe weight-for-length (WFL) trajectories in the children (birth-12 months) of mothers with and without eating disorders. METHOD This study is based on the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) conducted by the Norwegian Institute of Public Health. We categorized women (N = 57,185) based on diagnosis prior to and during pregnancy: anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, eating disorder not otherwise specified-purging subtype, binge eating disorder, or no eating disorder. The primary analysis included a shape invariant model fitted with nonlinear mixed effects to compare growth rates across eating disorder subtypes. RESULTS The children of mothers reporting any eating disorder had a lower WFL growth rate from birth to 12 months than the children of mothers without eating disorders, even after adjusting for relative birth weight and some confounders known to affect growth. DISCUSSION In this cohort, child WFL was related to maternal eating disorder status before and/or during pregnancy. These differences in growth trajectories warrant further study of long-term health outcomes and, if replicated, tailoring counseling to mothers with eating disorders during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana M. Perrin
- Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Ann Von Holle
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Stephanie Zerwas
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Asheley Cockrell Skinner
- Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,Department of Health Policy and Administration, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Lauren Reba-Harrelson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,University of Southern California Institute of Psychiatry, Law, and Biobehavioral Science USC Keck School of Medicine
| | - Robert M. Hamer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Camilla Stoltenberg
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oslo, Norway,Division of Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway
| | - Leila Torgersen
- Division of Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway
| | | | - Cynthia M. Bulik
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
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Xu D, Bai J, Zhang L, Shen L, Wang L, Liu Z, Xia L, Wang H. Prenatal nicotine exposure-induced intrauterine programming alteration increases the susceptibility of high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic simple fatty liver in female adult offspring rats. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tx00092g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
“Two intrauterine programming”, involved in the intrauterine origin of high-fat diet-induced NAFL in female offspring rats, induced by prenatal nicotine exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Xu
- Department of Pharmacology
- Basic Medical School of Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430071
- China
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease
| | - Jing Bai
- Department of Pharmacology
- Basic Medical School of Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430071
- China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology
- Basic Medical School of Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430071
- China
| | - Lang Shen
- Department of Pharmacology
- Basic Medical School of Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430071
- China
| | - Linlong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology
- Basic Medical School of Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430071
- China
| | - Zhongfen Liu
- Department of Pharmacology
- Basic Medical School of Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430071
- China
| | - Liping Xia
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430060
- China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology
- Basic Medical School of Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430071
- China
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease
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Carling SJ, Demment MM, Kjolhede CL, Olson CM. Breastfeeding duration and weight gain trajectory in infancy. Pediatrics 2015; 135:111-9. [PMID: 25554813 PMCID: PMC4279065 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2014-1392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Short breastfeeding duration may exacerbate accelerated early growth, which is linked to higher obesity risk in later life. This study tested the hypothesis that infants at higher risk for obesity were more likely to be members of a rising weight-for-length (WFL) z score trajectory if breastfed for shorter durations. METHODS This prospective, observational study recruited women from an obstetric patient population in rural central New York. Medical records of children born to women in the cohort were audited for weight and length measurements (n = 595). We identified weight gain trajectories for infants' WFL z scores from 0 to 24 months by using maximum likelihood latent class models. Individual risk factors associated with weight gain trajectories (P ≤ .05) were included in an obesity risk index. Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate whether the association between breastfeeding duration (<2 months, 2-4 months, >4 months) and weight gain trajectory varied across obesity risk groups. RESULTS Rising and stable weight gain trajectories emerged. The obesity risk index included maternal BMI, education, and smoking during pregnancy. High-risk infants breastfed for <2 months were more likely to belong to a rising rather than stable weight gain trajectory (odds ratio, 2.55; 95% confidence interval, 1.14-5.72; P = .02). CONCLUSIONS Infants at the highest risk for rising weight patterns appear to benefit the most from longer breastfeeding duration. Targeting mothers of high-risk infants for breastfeeding promotion and support may be protective against overweight and obesity during a critical window of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacy J Carling
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; and
| | - Margaret M Demment
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; and
| | - Chris L Kjolhede
- Mary Imogene Bassett Hospital and Research Institute, Cooperstown, New York
| | - Christine M Olson
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; and
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Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy for a two-and a half year old morbidly obese child - A leap into the unknown. Int J Surg Case Rep 2013; 4:1055-6. [PMID: 24161250 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2013.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Chrestani MA, Santos IS, Horta BL, Dumith SC, de Oliveira Dode MAS. Associated factors for accelerated growth in childhood: a systematic review. Matern Child Health J 2013; 17:512-9. [PMID: 22547159 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-012-1025-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have shown that accelerated growth in the postnatal period is critical for the development of chronic diseases. The term catch-up has been used for the accelerated growth of children who have suffered some sort of restriction of nutrition or oxygen supply. However, accelerated growth has been observed among children who have an appropriate birth weight for their gestational age (AGA) and with no apparent morbidity. Therefore, this systematic review was carried out on the associated factors of accelerated growth, or catch-up, using the Medline/Pubmed database. Only cohort studies written in Portuguese, English or Spanish, with children between zero and 12 years old who presented accelerated growth or catch-up as the outcome were included. Out of the 2,155 articles found, 9 were selected. There is no uniformity in the operational definition of accelerated growth, or in the concept of catch-up. According to this review, accelerated growth is associated with primiparity, maternal smoking during pregnancy, lower birth weight, and early weaning. The main limitations in the available literature are the high number of follow-up losses and the lack of control for confounding factors. The determinants of accelerated growth still need to be studied further, especially among AGA children.
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Ruiz-Castell M, Carsin AE, Barbieri FL, Paco P, Gardon J, Sunyer J. Child patterns of growth delay and cognitive development in a Bolivian mining city. Am J Hum Biol 2012; 25:94-100. [PMID: 23132674 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.22346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Revised: 09/28/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to (1) follow up and characterize infant growth patterns during the first year of life in Bolivia, and (2) determine whether there exists an association between weight gain and cognitive development in children living near contaminated mining industries. METHODS Data on 175 children participating to the ToxBol (Toxicity in Bolivia) birth cohort were analyzed. Rapid-growth during the first 6 months was defined as a change in weight z-score > 0.67 while slow-growth was defined as a weight z-score change of < -0.67. Neurodevelopment was evaluated using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development at 10.5-12.5 months of age. Mixed models were used to examine the association between cognitive development and weight gain. RESULTS Rapid growers weighed less at birth (P < 0.01). However, they revealed a higher body mass index at 12 months of age (0.70 ± 0.73, P < 0.01). After adjustment for confounding, rapid growth was not associated with cognitive development (coef = 0.49, 95% confidence interval = -4.10, 5.08). CONCLUSIONS In this Bolivian cohort, children born smaller were more likely to grow/develop faster and attain greater weight and length. Their cognitive development was not affected by their growth patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Ruiz-Castell
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Dr. Aiguader, 88 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
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Abstract
The association of rapid weight gain in early life with increased adiposity and obesity in later life has been established, whereas whether rapid neonatal weight gain predisposes individuals to other risk factors for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus remains controversial. Gain in weight of >0.5 SD scores in the first 3 months of life (described as rapid weight gain) is associated with an unfavourable health profile in adulthood, and keeping weight gain below this threshold could reduce the risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases later in life. Weight gain above this threshold is not necessarily unhealthy if the increase is in proportion with the increase in length. As such, regular measurement of both the weight and length of all infants is important. Preterm infants and those who are born small for gestational age are most likely to have rapid weight gain, and are high-risk populations for unfavourable health profiles in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerthe F Kerkhof
- Department of Pediatrics, Subdivision of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC and Sophia Children's Hospital Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GJ Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Liu L, Liu F, Kou H, Zhang B, Xu D, Chen B, Chen L, Magdalou J, Wang H. Prenatal nicotine exposure induced a hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis-associated neuroendocrine metabolic programmed alteration in intrauterine growth retardation offspring rats. Toxicol Lett 2012; 214:307-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2012] [Revised: 08/15/2012] [Accepted: 09/01/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Chen H, Iglesias MA, Caruso V, Morris MJ. Maternal cigarette smoke exposure contributes to glucose intolerance and decreased brain insulin action in mice offspring independent of maternal diet. PLoS One 2011; 6:e27260. [PMID: 22076142 PMCID: PMC3208635 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2011] [Accepted: 10/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal smoking leads to intrauterine undernutrition and is associated with low birthweight and higher risk of offspring obesity. Intrauterine smoke exposure (SE) may alter neuroendocrine mediators regulating energy homeostasis as chemicals in cigarette smoke can reach the fetus. Maternal high-fat diet (HFD) consumption causes fetal overnutrition; however, combined effects of HFD and SE are unknown. Thus we investigated the impact of combined maternal HFD and SE on adiposity and energy metabolism in offspring. METHOD Female Balb/c mice had SE (2 cigarettes/day, 5 days/week) or were sham exposed for 5 weeks before mating. Half of each group was fed HFD (33% fat) versus chow as control. The same treatment continued throughout gestation and lactation. Female offspring were fed chow after weaning and sacrificed at 12 weeks. RESULTS Birthweights were similar across maternal groups. Faster growth was evident in pups from SE and/or HFD dams before weaning. At 12 weeks, offspring from HFD-fed dams were significantly heavier than those from chow-fed dams (chow-sham 17.6±0.3 g; chow-SE 17.8±0.2 g; HFD-sham 18.7±0.3 g; HFD-SE 18.8±0.4 g, P<0.05 maternal diet effect); fat mass was significantly greater in offspring from chow+SE, HFD+SE and HFD+sham dams. Both maternal HFD and SE affected brain lactate transport. Glucose intolerance and impaired brain response to insulin were observed in SE offspring, and this was aggravated by maternal HFD consumption. CONCLUSION While maternal HFD led to increased body weight in offspring, maternal SE independently programmed adverse health outcomes in offspring. A smoke free environment and healthy diet during pregnancy is desirable to optimize offspring health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- School of Medical and Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Science, University of Technology, Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
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