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Ao J, Pan X, Wang Q, Zhang H, Ren K, Jiang A, Zhang X, Rao Z. Efficient Whole-Cell Biotransformation for α-Arbutin Production through the Engineering of Sucrose Phosphorylase Combined with Engineered Cell Modification. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:2438-2445. [PMID: 36701314 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
α-Arbutin is extensively used in cosmetic industries. The lack of highly active enzymes and the cytotoxicity of hydroquinone limit the biosynthesis of α-arbutin. In this study, a whole-cell biocatalytic approach based on enzyme engineering and engineered cell modification was identified as effective in enhancing α-arbutin production. First, a sucrose phosphorylase (SPase) mutant with higher enzyme activity was obtained by experimental screening. Next, to avoid the oxidation of hydroquinone, we established an anaerobic process to improve the robustness of the cells by knocking out lytC, sdpC, and skfA in Bacillus subtilis and overcoming the inhibitory effect of a high concentration of hydroquinone. Finally, the engineered strain was used for biotransformation in a 5 L fermenter with batch feeding for 24 h. The final yield of α-arbutin achieved was 129.6 g/L, which may provide a basis for the large-scale industrial production of α-arbutin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juwei Ao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Applied Microorganisms and Metabolic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
| | - Xuewei Pan
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Applied Microorganisms and Metabolic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Applied Microorganisms and Metabolic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
| | - Hengwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Applied Microorganisms and Metabolic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
| | - Kexin Ren
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Applied Microorganisms and Metabolic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
| | - An Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Applied Microorganisms and Metabolic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
| | - Xian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Applied Microorganisms and Metabolic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
| | - Zhiming Rao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Applied Microorganisms and Metabolic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
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Yalamanchili S, Nguyen T, Zsikla A, Stamper G, DeYong AE, Florek J, Vasquez O, Pohl NLB, Bennett CS. Automated, Multistep Continuous‐Flow Synthesis of 2,6‐Dideoxy and 3‐Amino‐2,3,6‐trideoxy Monosaccharide Building Blocks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202109887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tu‐Anh Nguyen
- Chemistry Tufts University 62 Talbot Ave Medford MA 02145 USA
| | | | - Gavin Stamper
- Chemistry Indiana University 800 E Kirkwood Ave Bloomington IN 47405 USA
| | - Ashley E. DeYong
- Chemistry Indiana University 800 E Kirkwood Ave Bloomington IN 47405 USA
| | - John Florek
- Chemistry Tufts University 62 Talbot Ave Medford MA 02145 USA
| | - Olivea Vasquez
- Chemistry Tufts University 62 Talbot Ave Medford MA 02145 USA
| | - Nicola L. B. Pohl
- Chemistry Indiana University 800 E Kirkwood Ave Bloomington IN 47405 USA
| | - Clay S. Bennett
- Chemistry Tufts University 62 Talbot Ave Medford MA 02145 USA
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Yalamanchili S, Nguyen TA, Zsikla A, Stamper G, DeYong AE, Florek J, Vasquez O, Pohl NLB, Bennett CS. Automated, Multistep Continuous-Flow Synthesis of 2,6-Dideoxy and 3-Amino-2,3,6-trideoxy Monosaccharide Building Blocks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:23171-23175. [PMID: 34463017 PMCID: PMC8511145 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202109887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
An automated continuous flow system capable of producing protected deoxy-sugar donors from commercial material is described. Four 2,6-dideoxy and two 3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy sugars with orthogonal protecting groups were synthesized in 11-32 % overall yields in 74-131.5 minutes of total reaction time. Several of the reactions were able to be concatenated into a continuous process, avoiding the need for chromatographic purification of intermediates. The modular nature of the experimental setup allowed for reaction streams to be split into different lines for the parallel synthesis of multiple donors. Further, the continuous flow processes were fully automated and described through the design of an open-source Python-controlled automation platform.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tu-Anh Nguyen
- Chemistry, Tufts University, 62 Talbot Ave, Medford, MA 02145
| | | | - Gavin Stamper
- Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E Kirkwood Ave, Bloomington, IN, 47405
| | - Ashley E. DeYong
- Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E Kirkwood Ave, Bloomington, IN, 47405
| | - John Florek
- Chemistry, Tufts University, 62 Talbot Ave, Medford, MA 02145
| | - Olivea Vasquez
- Chemistry, Tufts University, 62 Talbot Ave, Medford, MA 02145
| | - Nicola L. B. Pohl
- Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E Kirkwood Ave, Bloomington, IN, 47405
| | - Clay S. Bennett
- Chemistry, Tufts University, 62 Talbot Ave, Medford, MA 02145
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Chemical and Biocatalytic Routes to Arbutin †. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24183303. [PMID: 31514332 PMCID: PMC6766929 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Arbutin (also called β-arbutin) is a natural product occurring in the leaves of a variety of different plants, the bearberries of the Ericaceae and Saxifragaceae families being prominent examples. It is a β-glucoside derived from hydroquinone (HQ; 1,4-dihydroxybenzene). Arbutin has been identified in traditional Chinese folk medicines as having, inter alia, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties that useful in the treatment of different ailments including urinary diseases. Today, it is also used worldwide for the treatment of skin ailments by way of depigmenting, which means that arbutin is a component of many products in the cosmetics and healthcare industries. It is also relevant in the food industry. Hundreds of publications have appeared describing the isolation, structure determination, toxicology, synthesis, and biological properties of arbutin as well as the molecular mechanism of melanogenesis (tyrosinase inhibition). This review covers the most important aspects with special emphasis on the chemical and biocatalytic methods for the production of arbutin.
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Galang MGM, Macabeo APG, Chang WC, Isobe M, Aguinaldo MAM. Glucosides from the unripe fruit juice of Carica papaya Linn. (Caricaceae) cultivar ‘Red Lady’ with antioxidant activity. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Seo DH, Jung JH, Ha SJ, Cho HK, Jung DH, Kim TJ, Baek NI, Yoo SH, Park CS. High-yield enzymatic bioconversion of hydroquinone to α-arbutin, a powerful skin lightening agent, by amylosucrase. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 94:1189-97. [PMID: 22314516 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-3905-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2011] [Revised: 01/09/2012] [Accepted: 01/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
α-Arbutin (α-Ab) is a powerful skin whitening agent that blocks epidermal melanin biosynthesis by inhibiting the enzymatic oxidation of tyrosine and L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA). α-Ab was effectively synthesized from hydroquinone (HQ) by enzymatic biotransformation using amylosucrase (ASase). The ASase gene from Deinococcus geothermalis (DGAS) was expressed and efficiently purified from Escherichia coli using a constitutive expression system. The expressed DGAS was functional and performed a glycosyltransferase reaction using sucrose as a donor and HQ as an acceptor. The presence of a single HQ bioconversion product was confirmed by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The HQ bioconversion product was isolated by silica gel open column chromatography and its chemical structure determined by 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The product was determined to be hydroquinone-O-α-D-glucopyranoside with a glucose molecule linked to HQ through an α-glycosidic bond. However, the production yield of the transfer reaction was significantly low (1.3%) due to the instability of HQ in the reaction mixture. The instability of HQ was considerably improved by antioxidant agents, particularly ascorbic acid, implying that HQ is labile to oxidation. A maximum yield of HQ transfer product of 90% was obtained at a 10:1 molar ratio of donor (sucrose) and acceptor (HQ) molecules in the presence of 0.2 mM ascorbic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Ho Seo
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
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Seo DH, Jung JH, Lee JE, Jeon EJ, Kim W, Park CS. Biotechnological production of arbutins (α- and β-arbutins), skin-lightening agents, and their derivatives. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 95:1417-25. [PMID: 22843425 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4297-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2012] [Revised: 07/10/2012] [Accepted: 07/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Arbutins (α- and β-arbutins) are glycosylated hydroquinones that are commercially used in the cosmetic industry. These compounds have an inhibitory function against tyrosinase, a critical enzyme for generating pigments, which leads to the prevention of melanin formation, resulting in a whitening effect on the skin. Although β-arbutin is found in various plants including bearberry, wheat, and pear, α-arbutin and other arbutin derivatives are synthesized by chemical and enzymatic methods. This article presents a mini-review of recent studies on the production of α-arbutin and other α- and β-arbutin derivatives via enzymatic bioconversion methods. In addition, the structures of α- and β-arbutin derivatives and their biological activities are discussed. The catalytic characteristics of various enzymes used in the biosynthesis of arbutin derivatives are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Ho Seo
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, South Korea
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Datta B, Pasha MA. Chemoselective Protection and Deprotection of Aldehydes Using Solid Supported Reagent (Silica Chloride) Under Solvent-Free Conditions. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911003797866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bandita Datta
- a Department of Studies in Chemistry , Bangalore University, Central College Campus , Bengaluru , India
| | - M. A. Pasha
- a Department of Studies in Chemistry , Bangalore University, Central College Campus , Bengaluru , India
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